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68-438: The National Collegiate Honors Council (NCHC) is an association of undergraduate honors programs, colleges , directors, deans, faculty , staff, and students. The organization has its national headquarters at The University of Nebraska-Lincoln. It was formed in 1966 in response to the dissolving of a previous honors association. It is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization . NCHC publishes two refereed journals: The Journal of

136-628: A bachelor's and master's degree is being introduced by the Bologna process . Under the new Bologna reform, universities in Europe are introducing the Bachelor level (BA or BS) degree, often by dividing a five-year Master-level program into two parts (three-year Bachelor's + two-year Master's), where students are not obligated to continue with the second Master's-degree part. These new bachelor's degrees are similar in structure to British bachelor's degrees. If there

204-1311: A bachelor's degree 's diploma , which usually takes four or, in the case of Law , Veterinary , Geology and Engineering , five years to complete; or a professional diploma, which normally require five or, in the case of medicine , six years to complete. In the United States , undergraduate education refers to a student who is studying for a bachelor's degree. The most common bachelor's degrees are Bachelor of Arts ( BA /AB) and Bachelor of Science ( BS /SB), but other degrees such as Bachelor of Fine Arts ( BFA ), Bachelor of Business Administration ( BBA ), Bachelor of Music ( BM ), Bachelor of Social Work ( BSW ), Bachelor of Engineering/Bachelor of Science in Engineering ( BEng /BSE), Bachelor of Science in Nursing ( BSN ), Bachelor of Business Administration/Bachelor of Science in Business Administration ( BBA /BSBA), Bachelor of Education ( Ed.B ), Bachelor of Liberal Arts ( BLA /ALB), and Bachelor of Architecture ( BArch ) are also possible. Most commonly these degrees require four years of full-time study after high school . An additional accolade to

272-482: A university of applied sciences . These two institutions differ from each other in the level students learn abstract concepts. Education at universities is aimed at research and fundamental principles while at universities of applied sciences it concentrates on applying knowledge in a vocation. Universities of applied sciences typically do not offer master and PhD programs. Students in Scotland usually enter university in

340-410: A GPA of minimum 7.5/10 at the end of their studies to graduate with Honours . In Scotland, all undergraduate degrees with honours must be of four-year duration. Students can choose to do the honours degree or the general (or pass/ordinary) degree. The first two years of both types of degrees are the same; however, after that, students who pursue the honours route will complete more advanced subjects and

408-420: A cGPA between 1.5 and 1.84. Some other universities, such as McGill University , University of Ottawa , University of Western Ontario , University of British Columbia , Concordia University and Dalhousie University , require students to undertake an honours project in order to graduate with honours ( Latin : cum honore , French : spécialisé ). In those universities, honours programmes also require

476-618: A certain level of income, and with the state paying all fees for students from the poorest backgrounds. UK students are generally entitled to student loans for maintenance with repayment contingent on income. Unlike in other European countries, the British government does not own the universities' assets and university staff are not civil servants. United Kingdom universities are therefore better described as autonomous, intellectually-independent institutions with public funding, rather than public universities per se. The crown does not control syllabi, with

544-557: A college must meet before it is allowed to call itself a university. Institutions seeking to grow have pursued various steps to turn two-year junior colleges into community colleges, community colleges into four-year colleges, awarding baccalaureate degrees, sometimes while still a community college, and colleges into universities, with graduate (post-baccalaureate) programs. In Bangladesh , three-year undergraduate programs are known as Degree (Pass) courses and four-year undergraduate programs are known as Honours courses. In Hong Kong ,

612-571: A competitive entrance exam known as Vestibular (a concept somewhat similar to the Baccalauréat in France). A later system introduced in 2009, adopted by most federal universities, uses the high school national examination ( ENEM ) result as part or a replacement of the Vestibular grade. Depending on the chosen course, upon graduating the student is granted: a technologist diploma, three years to complete,

680-494: A dissertation in their last year, while students who choose to do the general degree will complete their third year at a lower level of specialisation. Entry into the honours year in Scotland is generally not restricted and students are encouraged to take the honours year as the general/ordinary/pass degree does not provide the same level of depth and specialisation. Students enrolling in the honours programme but failing to achieve

748-653: A fast pace by adding nearly 20,000 colleges and more than 8 million students in a decade from 2000–01 to 2010–11. As of 2020, India has over 1000 universities, with a break up of 54 central universities , 416 state universities , 125 deemed universities , 361 private universities , 7 Institute under State Legislature Act , and 159 Institutes of National Importance which include IIMs, AIIMS, IITs, IIITs, IISERs and NITs among others. Other institutions include 52,627 colleges as government degree colleges , private colleges, standalone institutes and post-graduate research institutions, functioning under these universities as reported by

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816-625: A fifth stage covering college and university programs leading to baccalaureate, professional, master's and doctorate degrees. The pre-primary or preparatory classes, called kachi (literally, unripe) or Nursery school , were formally integrated into the education system in 1988. Students in England , Wales , and Northern Ireland may usually enter university from the age of eighteen, often having studied A-levels and thus having had thirteen to fifteen years of schooling. Occasionally students who finish A Level or equivalent qualifications early (after skipping

884-490: A higher degree of specialization than non-honours " major " degrees, including a supervised research project or thesis, and students are required to maintain a high academic standard. Thesis-based honours degrees prepare students for research-based postgraduate study, and may sometimes allow direct entry into doctoral programmes. A four-year bachelor's degree is required for entry to most postgraduate courses in Canada. In

952-472: A long, high-quality research thesis . This is usually accompanied by a seminar or presentation of the findings to an academic board for marking. In the case of a quality thesis being produced, its findings may be published in a peer-reviewed academic journal or similar publication. Students receiving high marks in their honours programme have the option of continuing to candidature of a doctoral programme, such as Doctor of Philosophy , without having to complete

1020-410: A master's degree. Honours can be awarded at up to five levels, depending on the awarding institution, and may be indicated in post-nominals in general as "(Hons)": At the master's level, Monash University has a Master of Business with Honours programme in which students can be awarded an honours classification upon completion. Macquarie University has phased out the honours degree in favour of

1088-441: A non-honours degree. In some countries (e.g. Australia), an honours degree may also involve a longer period of study than a non-honours degree. Students who complete all the requirements for a non-honours bachelor's degree but do not receive sufficient merit to be awarded an honours degree would normally be awarded a non-honours degree (sometimes known as a "pass", "general" or "ordinary" degree), although students who do not complete

1156-417: A profession. In some states considerable attention has been given to make sure that community college courses in fact prepare the students for the continuation courses they will encounter at the local college; this process of bringing courses into sequence is called articulation . Some community colleges have automatic enrollment agreements with a local college or university, where the community college provides

1224-434: A short period of time in a relevant industry before students complete their studies. Taking a sandwich course may make the course last a year longer than it would otherwise. With very few exceptions , nearly all universities with the power to award degrees are heavily state financed. However, they also rely on tuition fees set by the government at a maximum index-linked level, repayable after graduation contingent on attaining

1292-491: A similar differentiation between three- and four-year degrees, additionally imposing a higher cGPA minimum of 1.85 for the honours option instead of the 1.5 required for ordinary. Beginning with the Summer 2001 session, the three-year option was discontinued and is unavailable to new students. As of the 2022-23 academic year, students taking a four-year degree may still elect to receive an ordinary B.A. or B.Sc. if they graduate with

1360-430: A single-year (120 credit) course following on from a bachelor's degree, and it prepares students for postgraduate study. Bachelor's degrees issued are abbreviated as B.Com. (Hons), B.Sc. (Hons), etc. The award of honours recognises outstanding achievement, meritorious achievement or a pass; these may be termed first class honours, second class honours: first or second divisions, and third class honours. In South Africa ,

1428-637: A specialisation within a three-year programme. In the Netherlands , the honours programme is an addition of 30 ECTS to the regular bachelor's programme, and must be completed within two to three years of undergraduate studies. In most universities, this programme offers an interdisciplinary approach, blending teachings from social and medical sciences, as well as knowledge from the fields of business and economics, art and law to all honours students. To gain access to this programme, prospective students must demonstrate outstanding academic performance, and average

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1496-412: A student passes the course but fails to do so sufficiently well for third class honours to be awarded he will be awarded with an ordinary degree. It is possible to use the abbreviation "Hons" after the degree postnominals to indicate that the degree has been passed with honours and is not an ordinary degree. Many universities offer sandwich courses or an extramural year, which offer work placements for

1564-421: A third class degree or better to have "achieved honours status". In France , the honours degree may correspond to the double licence diploma. It lasts the same length of time as the general bachelor's degree, but requires a higher level of study. It is generally offered in faculties with post-graduate degrees, whereas the double licence degree is mainly offered in undergraduate schools or colleges. However,

1632-559: A two-year community college before further study at a four-year college or university. In most states, community colleges are operated either by a division of the state university or by local special districts subject to guidance from a state agency. Community colleges award associate degrees of different types, some intended to prepare students to transfer to four-year institutions (e.g. Associate of Arts (AA), Associate of Science (AS)), and others intended to provide vocational skills and training for students wishing to enter into or advance in

1700-566: A year in school on the grounds of academic giftedness) may enter below this age but large universities are now setting minimum age limits of 16 or 17 after a number of well publicised "child prodigies" were found to be emotionally and mentally unprepared for university life. Applications for undergraduate courses in UK higher education are made through the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS). For their first degree, most students read for

1768-538: Is a separate undergraduate degree, higher degrees (License, Master, Doctorat) can be gained after completing the undergraduate degree. In the traditional German system, there were no undergraduate degrees in some fields, such as engineering: students continued to Master's level education without any administrative breakpoints, and employers would not consider half-finished master's degrees. The Bachelor's phase in The Netherlands can be fulfilled either at university or at

1836-662: Is divided into two stages; associate degree 's level first-half two years and bachelor 's level second-half two years. Bachelor's degrees are awarded only by universities and NIAD-QE . In Pakistan , it generally requires four years to complete a Bachelor's degree in Arts, Sciences, Dentistry, Engineering or Business Administration such as BA , BS , BDS , BE/BS/BSc Engineering or BBA and five years for bachelor's degrees in medicine ( MBBS ), Physiotherapy ( DPT ), Pharmacy ( Pharm.D ) and Architecture ( B.Arch. ) after successfully completing 12 years of schooling. 4 years bachelor's degree

1904-462: Is generally considered a postgraduate year because a bachelor's degree can be completed without it. Entry to an honours degree generally requires proven abilities and a distinction (75% or greater average) in the relevant area or the final-year units, and even then is quite competitive. In the regular (standalone) honours, the student will complete selected courses within a supervised programme of research (field, laboratory, or secondary), and produce

1972-689: Is normally taken following an honours degree as a conversion course. Ordinary (non-honours) bachelor's degrees are at level 7 of the framework and take three years (180 EFTS credits) to complete. In Canada there are two type of honours degree. Some universities, especially in Ontario , award an honours degree after four years of undergraduate study, instead of the three years of an ordinary bachelor's degree. Examples of universities awarding this degree include Queen's University and York University . In those universities, honours degree students may undertake an honours thesis. University of Toronto previously had

2040-557: Is not usually admitted to the degree of bachelor. Master's degrees conferred after extended programs are not to be conflated with the degree of Master of Arts conferred at Oxbridge and Dublin , which is not a substantive qualification, but reflects the ancient practice of those three universities of promoting Bachelors of Arts to Masters of Arts (and thus full membership of the university) six or seven years after matriculation. Honours degrees and integrated master's degrees are awarded with 1st, upper 2nd, lower 2nd or 3rd class honours . If

2108-453: Is offered in various universities of Pakistan such as COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore (UET Lahore), University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila (UET Taxila), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS) and National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NU). The modern educational system comprises

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2176-408: Is required for an honours degree, e.g. only passing 300 credits rather than the 360 usually required for an honours degree. In addition to bachelor's degrees, four-year integrated master's degrees, which combine study at the bachelor's and master's levels, are also awarded with honours. The University of Oxford does not award honours with its standard BA degree, but considers students who gain

2244-537: Is similar in length, and is also considered an academic degree. Though it is designed as a specialist degree, in contrast to the Diplom degree at university , which claims to be more generalist. Germany itself, however, is currently abolishing the legal distinction between Fachhochschule and university. They are both translated as university and they both provide bologna-compliant and equivalent postgraduate degrees. Not obligatory and sometimes applied at universities in

2312-462: Is the same as in the rest of UK. In many other, particularly continental European systems, an "undergraduate" degree in the American sense does not exist. Because students are expected to have received a sound general education at the secondary level, in a school such as a gymnasium or lycee , students in Europe enroll in a specific course of studies they wish to pursue upon entry into a university. In

2380-555: The French system , the first degree of tertiary education was reached two years after the baccalauréat . Amongst these degrees the university-delivered DEUG has disappeared, whereas Diplôme universitaire de technologie , Brevet de Technicien Supérieur or classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles still exist. According to the Bologna process , this two-year curriculum will be replaced by the three-year licence , yet existing. Honours degree Honours degree has various meanings in

2448-588: The Master of Research degree for most fields, although it still offers honours degrees in psychology and engineering as honours degrees are required for accreditation in these fields. The bachelor honours degree is a separate level on the New Zealand Qualifications Framework from the bachelor's degree without honours, as in Australia and Scotland. It may either be a 4-year (480 credit) course or

2516-481: The United States , many honours degrees (or honors degrees in US spelling) require a thesis or project work beyond that needed for the normal bachelor's programme. Honours programmes in the US are taken alongside the rest of the degree and often have a minimum GPA requirement for entry or college-entrance exam score, which can vary between institutions. In rare cases, a student may petition to write one even if they do not meet

2584-688: The University of Delaware also award associate degrees. In the United States, "college" and "university" are terms used differently in different states; New York's terminology is especially confusing (see University of the State of New York ). A university is usually larger than a college, and has programs at the graduate level, but the distinction is not clear-cut. Some colleges (like Smith College ) award graduate degrees, for example, and some colleges are larger than some universities. Some states have requirements

2652-547: The bachelor with honours and honours bachelor's degree in Canada ; and the bachelor honours degree in Australia . In South Africa the bachelor honours degree is a postgraduate degree that follows on from the completion of a bachelor's degree. The undergraduate master of arts degree awarded by the ancient universities of Scotland in place of the bachelor of arts may be awarded as an honours or non-honours degree; these are at

2720-790: The English system is followed. Students sit for the Certificate of Education examinations at around sixteen years of age, and the Advanced-level, or A-level examinations at around eighteen, then follow by three years of undergraduate education, except for a few specific fields, such as medicine, nursing and law. This is due to be changed, with five-year secondary education and two-year matriculation examination combined and shortened to six years matriculation , and undergraduate education lengthened to four years. Students may be able to receive general education in their first years in universities, more akin to

2788-476: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University follow a GPA scale of 4.3, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong follows a GPA scale of 4.0. The consecutive Australian with-honours degree is usually a one to two-year research programme, after the completion of a bachelor's degree in the same field. It can also be started as a concurrent programme in the fourth year of a four-year bachelor's degree. It

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2856-710: The Honours Degree is a one-year program, typically specialising in a single subject; the degree title may correspond - e.g. BSc. Honours in mathematics , B.A. Hons. ( English ). Entering students will be graduates of the corresponding 3-year bachelor's degree ; intake into the Honours degree is often highly selective. The degree is at level 8 on the National Qualifications Framework of the South African Qualifications Authority ; Honours

2924-507: The MHRD in 2020. Colleges may be Autonomous, i.e. empowered to examine their own degrees, up to PhD level in some cases, or non-autonomous, in which case their examinations are under the supervision of the university to which they are affiliated; in either case, however, degrees are awarded in the name of the university rather than the college. Undergraduate education in Japan requires four years, which

2992-1054: The National College Honors Council (JHNCH) focuses on honors education, while Honors in Practice (HIP) focuses on operations of honors education. NCHC also publishes a monograph series that distributes informational books. Each fall, NCHC holds its annual conference in a major city in the United States. Undergraduate In Nigeria , undergraduate degrees (excluding Medicine, Medical Laboratory Science, Nursing, Engineering, Law and Architecture) are four-year-based courses. Medicine (MBBS) and Architecture normally take six years to complete studies while Medical Laboratory Science, Nursing, Law and Engineering courses take five years to complete studies, usually, all six years are taken to improve their chances. Undergraduate nursing degrees or diplomas usually take two to four years and sometimes 5 years to complete, whereas graduate degrees are an additional two years or more. In South Africa ,

3060-494: The Netherlands are the propaedeutic exams. The entire curriculum of the first two semesters of the bachelor's programme is part of the propaedeutic exams. In most bachelor's studies, students are required to obtain their propaedeutic certificate within three semesters after starting the course. A propaedeutic certificate also counts as a requirement for participating in a university level bachelor's study. The propaedeutic exams have

3128-594: The North American system. The first batch of students under the new system will enter universities in 2012. Alternatives are undergraduate certificates or diplomas, with some equivalent to associate degree in educational level. India 's higher education system is the third largest in the world, next to the United States and China . The main governing body at the tertiary level is the University Grants Commission , which enforces its standards, advises

3196-399: The US, students only specialize in a "major" during the last years of college. Specializing in a field of study upon entry into a university means most students graduate after four to five years of study. The fields available include those only taught as graduate degrees in the US, such as law or medicine. In the traditional system of Germany , there is a vocational degree (diploma FH ) that

3264-464: The bachelor's degree is the Honours degree . Unlike in the British model, degrees in law and medicine are not offered at the undergraduate level and instead are completed at a graduate level, after earning a bachelor's degree. Neither field specifies or prefers any undergraduate major, though medical schools require a set of courses that must be taken before enrollment. Students can also choose to attend

3332-522: The context of different degrees and education systems . Most commonly it refers to a variant of the undergraduate bachelor's degree containing a larger volume of material or a higher standard of study, or both, rather than an "ordinary", "general" or "pass" bachelor's degree. Honours degrees are sometimes indicated by " Hons " after the degree abbreviation, with various punctuation according to local custom, e.g. "BA (Hons)", "B.A., Hons", etc. In Canada, honours degrees may be indicated with an "H" preceding

3400-589: The continental European system; free public schools are available from kindergarten up to postgraduation, both as a right established in Article 6, caput of the Brazilian Constitution and as a duty of the State in Article 208, Items I, IV and V, of the Brazilian Constitution. Students choose their specific course of studies before joining the university. Admission to university is obtained by means of

3468-602: The degree abbreviation, e.g. "HBA" for Honours Bachelor of Arts or Honours Business Administration. Examples of honours degree include the honors bachelor's degree in the United States ; the bachelor's degree with honours in the United Kingdom , the Netherlands , Bangladesh , Hong Kong , and India ; the honours bachelor's degree in Ireland ; the bachelor with honours and bachelor honours degree in New Zealand ;

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3536-518: The degree of Bachelor of Arts at other universities and does not require the level of study necessitated for the other degrees of master awarded by these universities. The degree instead reflects the ancient traditions of these universities. In the sciences, students usually read for the degree of bachelor, which usually takes four years. However, as with the rest of the UK, integrated master's degrees are popular in science and engineering, although in Scotland they last for five years. Degree classification

3604-412: The degree of bachelor, which usually takes three years; however, in the sciences and engineering, integrated courses covering both undergraduate level and advanced degree level leading to the degree of master , usually taking four years and including a research project or dissertation , are popular. Given the integrated nature of these programs someone who gains a master's degree via an integrated program

3672-469: The exception of teacher training. The crown restricts the power to award degrees to those with a royal charter , in the case of traditional universities, or authorization from the Secretary of State for Universities , in the case of modern universities . Universities accredited in foreign countries, such as Richmond University are, however, free to operate. In many countries, the English distinction between

3740-518: The fields of arts, commerce, science etc., and the four-year programs are mostly in the fields of technology, engineering, pharmaceutical sciences, agriculture etc. However, for medicine, law and architecture, the period has been five years. The possessor of the first UG is referred to as graduate and that of the PG degree as post-graduate. Other than UG and PG there are various 1 to 2 year diploma courses available. Indian higher education system has expanded at

3808-453: The first two years of study and the university provides the remaining years of study, sometimes all on one campus. The community colleges award associate degrees, while universities and colleges award the bachelor's. However, some community colleges, such as Brazosport College in Lake Jackson, Texas offer bachelor's degrees along with associate degrees. Conversely, some universities such as

3876-437: The following five stages: The Primary school lasting five years for children 5–10 years old in grades one to five; a Middle school of three years for children 10 to 13 years old, covering grades six through eight; a two-year secondary, or Matriculation consists of grades nine and ten, for children 13 to 15 years old; a two-year higher secondary, or Intermediate college , leading to an F.A. in arts or F.Sc. in science; and

3944-498: The government, and helps coordinate between the centre and the state. Accreditation for higher learning is overseen by 15 autonomous institutions established by the University Grants Commission (UGC). In India, the graduation system is classified into two parts: Undergraduate (UG) and Postgraduate (PG). It takes three or four years to complete an undergraduate degree . The three-year undergraduate programs are mostly in

4012-564: The honours degree, with its additional year after the bachelor's degree, corresponds more closely to the maîtrise diploma, a one-year master's degree in France. It corresponds to the first year (M1) of the french French master's degree . A number of honours degrees are offered by the University of Malta , and the Malta College of Arts, Science and Technology (MCAST), usually indicating an extra year of study with an undergraduate dissertation or

4080-754: The normal requirements. Some institutions do not have a separate honours programme, but instead refer to bachelor's degrees awarded with Latin honours , which may be based either on GPA or class position, as honours degrees. Universities in Hong Kong have four degree classifications: first class, second class upper division (or second class division one/I), second class lower division (or second class division two/II), and third class. Bachelor's degrees issued in Hong Kong are honour degrees and are abbreviated as BSc (Hons), BEng (Hons), BBA (Hons), etc. The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and

4148-469: The purpose of assessing whether a student has the appropriate capacities in order to complete the course. At some Swedish universities (such as the Royal Institute of Technology ), PhD courses are sometimes referred to as "graduate courses", whereas courses for other students (up to master level) sometimes are referred to as "undergraduate courses". The system at many Finnish universities is similar. In

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4216-467: The required academic merit for honours are awarded a pass/ordinary/general degree. In Ireland, honours bachelor's degrees are at level 8 of the National Framework of Qualifications and are Bologna first cycle degrees. They normally follow a three or four year (180-240 ECTS credits ) course. The higher diploma may be awarded at the same level following a single year of study (60 ECTS credits) and

4284-599: The requirements for a higher education qualification at level 6 of the Framework for Higher Education Qualifications in full, and is a first-cycle, end-of-cycle award on the Qualifications Framework of the European Higher Education Area established by the Bologna process . Students can be awarded an "ordinary" degree if they achieve the required learning outcomes over a smaller volume of studies than

4352-425: The requirements for an integrated master's honours degree may receive a bachelor's honours degree. In England , Northern Ireland and Wales , almost all bachelor's degrees are awarded as honours degrees; in contrast, honours degrees are rarely awarded in the United States. The current British undergraduate degree classification system, with its division into first, upper and lower second, and third class honours,

4420-408: The same level as equivalent bachelor's degrees. At master's level, the integrated master's degrees in British universities, which students enter at the same level as bachelor's degrees, are also honours degrees. Many universities and colleges offer both honours and non-honours bachelor's degrees. In most countries where honours degrees are granted, they imply a higher level of achievement than

4488-415: The undergraduate system usually has a three-year undergraduate bachelor's degree, with two or three majors. (There are exceptions, such as the medical qualification (MBChB), which is six years, and Engineering which is four.) A fourth year, known as an Honours year, is considered a post-graduate degree. It is usually course-driven, although may include a project or thesis. Brazil follows the major traits of

4556-471: The year they turn eighteen, with many starting at seventeen; courses take a year longer than in the rest of the UK. At the older universities the degree of Master of Arts is conferred in the arts subjects after four years while the newer universities instead confer the degree of Bachelor of Arts . The degree of Master of Arts conferred by the Ancient Scottish Universities is equivalent to

4624-722: Was developed in 1918 to distinguish between students on the basis of their academic achievement. The concept of an "honours" degree goes back much further than this, however, as there were examinations for honours in the original regulations of the University of London in 1839, and Nevil Maskelyne being recorded as taking a bachelor's degree with honours at Cambridge in 1754. Other countries and territories influenced by this system include Australia, Brunei, Canada, New Zealand, Malta, Singapore, South Africa, The Netherlands and Hong Kong. In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, bachelor's degrees are normally awarded "with honours" after three years of study. The bachelor's degree with honours meets

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