21-845: Nandigram is a census town in the Nandigram I Community Development Block of the Haldia subdivision in the Purba Medinipur district of the Indian state of West Bengal . In 2007, the West Bengal government allowed the Salim Group to set up a chemical hub at Nandigram under the special economic zone policy. This led to resistance by the villagers resulting in clashes with the police that left 14 villagers dead, and resulted in accusations of police brutality . Nandigram's police station has jurisdiction over
42-469: A centre of learning and played a major part in the development of Haldia , a satellite town of Calcutta (Kolkata) . Fresh vegetables, rice and fish are supplied to Haldia from Nandigram. The Ganga (Bhagirathi) and Haldi (downstream of Kanshabati) cover the edges of Nandigram, and the land is fertilized by both the rivers. There is no rail connection directly to Nandigram, and roadways are moderately developed. Buses, jitney trekkers and van rickshaws are
63-433: A diverse educational landscape, catering to students from preschool to higher education . Five primary schools provide the foundation for learning, while the town's Secondary School, Nandigram BM Girls High School, caters to middle school needs. For higher secondary education, students can attend Nandigram BMT Sikshaniketan . Additionally, several private KG schools offer early childhood education options. Higher education
84-485: A greater number of statutory towns, the states would be able to get more money from the Centre as per the 14th Finance Commission Report. Additionally, under Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT), 50% weightage is given to the number of statutory towns in the state/UT to determine the allocation of funds to these states/UTs. Following this notification, Maharashtra state government converted 19 CTs in
105-473: Is a basic governing institution in Indian villages. It is a political institution, acting as the cabinet of a village or group of villages. The Gram Sabha works as the general body of the Gram Panchayat. The members of the gram panchayat are elected directly by the people. The gram panchayat is headed by an elected President and Vice President, assisted by a Secretary who serves as the administrative head of
126-581: Is a nucleus of either thirty occupied houses on both sides of the road or twenty occupied houses on one side of the Road". Census towns were distinct from municipal towns ; the latter, which had legally defined boundaries and local government powers, were abolished by the Local Government Reform Act 2014 . Census towns were replaced by built up areas in the 2022 census . Gram panchayat Gram Panchayat ( transl. 'village council' )
147-430: Is designated as a village where all basic facilities like health, education road connectivity, rail connectivity and other basic infrastructure is easily available. In India, a census town is one which is not statutorily notified and administered as a town, but nevertheless whose population has attained urban characteristics. Census towns are governed by gram panchayats , unlike statutory towns. They are characterized by
168-464: Is divided into wards, and people in each ward vote for their representative. These elected members, along with the president ( sarpanch ) and vice president, form the Gram Panchayat. The president (sarpanch) and vice president (upa-sarpanch) in a gram Panchayat are elected from among the elected ward members. the term of office for elected members in a Gram Panchayat, including the Sarpanch and Upa-Sarpanch,
189-405: Is represented by Sitananda College , also known as Nandigram College, which is affiliated to Vidyasagar University . In Nandigram, Nandigram Super Speciality Hospital serves as the town's main medical facility for specialized care. Additionally, two private nursing homes offer further options for medical needs. Census town In India and some other countries, a well developed village
210-503: Is required to ensure planned development of these areas. In this notification, Rajiv Gauba, Secretary (Urban Development) notes: The opportunity of planned urban development might get lost if unplanned construction and ad hoc provisioning of infrastructure is allowed to take place over a long time. Additionally, the Ministry, in the notification, has informed the states that they stand to gain from according statutory status to these towns. With
231-547: The Nandigram I and Nandigram II community development blocks . Nandigram's police station covers an area of 251.25km with a population of 279,285. 79.19% of the Haldia subdivision's population lives in rural areas. Only 20.81% of the population lives in urban areas, and that is the highest proportion of urban population amongst the four subdivisions in the Purba Medinipur district. Note: The map alongside presents some of
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#1732856139312252-488: The British period, the area had been a part of active politics from the British era. With the help of the people of Nandigram, "Tamluk" was freed from the British by Bhupal Chandra Panda , Ajoy Mukherjee , Sushil Kumar Dhara , Satish Chandra Samanta and their friends for a few days (which is the only part of modern India to be freed twice), before India gained independence in 1947. In post-Independent India, Nandigram had been
273-468: The first village where Gram Panchayat was established, on 2 October 1959. In 1992, the institution of Gram Panchayat was modified in order to deepen democracy. The 73rd Amendment to the Constitution re-introduced panchayats as the institutions of local self-governance, with a basic structure for operations at three administrative levels; villages, groups of villages and districts. Gram Panchayats are at
294-1537: The following: Examples of Indian census towns include Kapsi in Chhattisgarh , Avinissery in Thrissur District of Kerala , Greater Noida , Chakeri and Manauri in Uttar Pradesh , Indranagar in Tripura , Begampur , Chandpara , Nandigram , Chittaranjan and Beliatore in West Bengal , Chevella in Telangana , Amini in Lakshadweep , Deolali in Maharashtra , Ghatshila in Purbi Singhbhum District of Jharkhand , BGR Township ( Bongaigaon Refinery Township ) in Bongaigaon Urban Agglomeration of Assam , Pileru in Andhra Pradesh , Chikhli in Gujarat and Ichgam in Jammu and Kashmir . The number of census towns (CTs) in India grew from 1,362 in 2001 to 3,894 in 2011. As per Pradhan (2013), these CTs account for 30% of
315-402: The lowest level of Panchayat Raj institutions (PRIs), whose legal authority is the 73rd Constitutional Amendment of 1992, which is concerned with rural local governments. The Gram Panchayat is divided into wards and each ward is represented by a Ward Member or Commissioner, also referred to as a Panch or Panchayat Member, who is directly elected by the villagers. The Panchayat is chaired by
336-597: The notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map. According to the 2011 Census of India , Nandigram had a total population of 5,803 of which 2,947 (51%) were males and 2,856 (49%) were females. There were 725 people below the age of 6. The total number of literate people in Nandigram was 4,512 (88.85% of the population over 6 years old). Although this part of Bengal has not been actively highlighted in Indian history during
357-593: The panchayat. The president of a gram panchayat is known as a "Pradhan" or " Sarpanch " in Northern India . There are about 250,000 gram panchayats present in India. Established in various states of India, the Panchayat Raj system has three tiers: Zila Parishad , at the district level; Panchayat Samiti , at the block level; and Gram Panchayat, at the village level. Rajasthan was the first state to establish Gram Panchayat, Bagdari Village, Nagaur District being
378-594: The president of the village, known as a Sarpanch . The term of the elected representatives is five years. The Secretary of the Panchayat is a non-elected representative, appointed by the state government, to oversee Panchayat activities. According to Section. 6 (3) of the Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act of 1994 , that state's gram sabha has to conduct a meeting at least twice a year. Gram Panchayat elections in India occur every five years. The village
399-514: The primary public vehicles inside the villages. The nearest railway station is Mograjpur, connecting from Digha - Tamluk. The nearest busy bus stop is in Math Chandipur. Nandigram is connected to Haldia by a ferry . This ferry service is an important mode of transport for farmers and small traders from Nandigram, who use this service to reach Haldia's market to sell their commodities. Haldia Municipality runs this ferry service. Nandigram boasts
420-404: The state to statutory ULBs. These 19 CTs are in close proximity to the town of Pune and this conversion is expected to lessen the infrastructure and population pressures on the town. According to Ireland's Central Statistics Office , a census town by definition was a "cluster of fifty or more occupied dwellings, not having a legally defined boundary, in which within a distance of 800 m there
441-449: The urban growth in the last decade. Pradhan also notes that the largest increase in the number of CTs was in the states of West Bengal and Kerala. The Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India, in May 2016 asked the 28 states in India to take action to start the process of recognizing CTs as urban areas. The argument given for this conversion was that a statutory Urban Local Body (ULB)
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