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70-465: According to anthropologist Sergey Ushakin, modern victory parades are intended to demonstrate the direct and immediate connection of the present with the past and to materialize the connection between generations. Long time parade commander Oleg Salyukov described them as a "celebration for people, not show of militarism" referring to accusations of the parade being used as show of Russian military might. The first military parade on Red Square in honor of

140-634: A General of the Army with the billet of Commander of the Ground Forces or as the Deputy Chief of General Staff) takes his place in a special an Aurus Senat armored limousine (formerly a Zil until 2018), having just received the report on the readiness of the parade from the commandant of the Combined Arms Academy who is a general officer. In the seconds prior to the parade, the announcer traditionally says

210-562: A T-34/85 medium battle tank carrying the Victory Banner leads the column of tens of military vehicles and equipment. As the Massed Bands play appropriate music the column drives past the stands in the Square, with the crew commanders and unit leaders executing a hand salute in the eyes right position (save for MRLs and mobile ICBMs). Following the end of the mobile column with the service flags of

280-594: A Victory Day Parade in the Russian Federation appeared, a return to a tradition that was last seen in 1991, and abandoned in 1995. It was abandoned due to reconstruction of the Iberian Gate and Chapel , which was originally destroyed to fill the very purpose of making way for tanks during the mobile column of the parade. That same year an airshow was introduced and it also became the first major Russian military parade to be seen on worldwide television when RT carried

350-474: A commemoration of the school's importance as the first military officer cadet school to be established in modern-day Russia, the first time it had been seen last in the Victory Day parade ground column was in 1985 (the two battalions of the school's Corps of Cadets also march past the square in memory of the cadets who fought in the 1941 Battle of Moscow ). With the ground segment competed the bands stop playing at

420-529: A historical column of troops takes part in the parade. It is designed to portray troops and their uniforms dating back to the war era. In 2005, the historical column wore replica uniforms similar to those worn in the 1945 Victory Parade. In 2021, the first ceremony of presenting challenge cups to the best participants in the military parade took place in the hall of the Military Council of the Main Command of

490-399: A live broadcast of the parade for the first time. Since 2007, an MC 's voice has been heard on Red Square during the parade. The idea was conceived by President Putin in 2005, after having been to a dress rehearsal in which people were not given the names of military units on parade, a privilege afforded to honored guests who were given a pamphlet. After experimenting with live commentary, it

560-519: A number of international contingents. This is followed by the rest of the parade ground column, starting with the youth contingents and by the Combined Arms Academy, among other troops. The ground column ends, as the massed bands play either Victory Day or "Let's Go", with the traditional marchpast of the Moscow Higher Military Command School , which has been done since the golden jubilee October Revolution Day parade of 1967 as

630-634: A regiment of female cadets and youth cadets, assemble by battalions on the square together with the more than 210 vehicles and 3,800 vehicle crews assembled on Tverskaya Street just north of the Manezhnaya Square, Moscow , during the major parades a battalion or company of historical Red Army vehicles, estimated at around 36 vehicles and composed of just the T-34 , GAZ-67 and the SU-100 plus the optional BM-13N (or at around an estimated 480 when counting other vehicles of

700-555: A return to a tradition that began in the 2001 parade. It was reinstated in honor of the centennial anniversary of the 1918 foundation of the Red Army . Since the 60th anniversary parade, a wreath laying ceremony is held immediately after the parade at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier , with a mini parade of the uniformed services and an honour guard also taking place. Around 1,100 bandsmen of

770-558: A tank regiment in the Moscow Military District. Notably, he served as commander of the 121st Motorized Rifle Division and the 81st Guards Motorized Rifle Division. His leadership extended to the Far Eastern Military District, where he served as chief of staff and commander of the 35th Combined Arms Army. Salyukov received promotions ahead of schedule, attaining the ranks of major and colonel. On June 12, 2006, he

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840-479: A training center in the village of Alabino , which is located in the Moscow Oblast . In their working uniforms, parade participants do a full run through of the entire ceremony to the closest extent possible. In the last week of April, the rehearsals are moved to Red Square, as they are conducted in the evening time. The flypast segment of the parade begin during these practice runs with all aircraft practicing from

910-459: A veterans ceremony on Red Square . The 2020 edition of the parade , marking the 75th anniversary of the victory over Nazi Germany, was postponed due to the coronavirus pandemic . It was the first time since the collapse of the Soviet Union and the resumption of military parades in 1995 that parade was to be cancelled on a holiday itself. When the Moscow Military District was reformed in 2024,

980-459: Is given: Once the report is received, and to the tune of the Massed Bands the Minister and the parade commander are driven to inspect the parading contingents each together with the bands. As the limousines stop the Minister sends Victory Day greetings to each of the parading contingents, in which they respond with a threefold loud Oorah that is heard all over the grounds. After the final greeting,

1050-523: The Battle of Borodino . In May 1991, the 1st Independent Honor Guard Company became the Honor Guard Battalion of the 154th ICR as another honor guard company was raised. In 2006, an amateur theater was created within the regiment. The 154th Independent Commandant's Regiment formally became the 154th 'Preobrazhensky' Independent Commandant's Regiment (the "Preobrazhensky" honorific title was in tribute to

1120-747: The Malinovsky Military Armored Forces Academy , graduating with honors in 1985. Later, in 1996, he completed his studies at the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces . Salyukov's military career spans various roles and regions. He served in different capacities in the Kiev Military District from 1977 to 1982 and later held positions such as deputy commander of a training tank regiment and commander of

1190-700: The Olympic Flag . The regiment's Special Duties Company took part in Exercise Zapad-81 the following year as part of the Soviet Armed Forces contingent, and received the Medal "For Courage in a Fire" for its fire fighting efforts that year when a fire broke out in the Moscow Oblast. The regiment took part in the 1985 World Festival of Youth and Students and in the 1987 commemorations of the 175th anniversary of

1260-630: The Preobrazhensky Regiment ) on 9 April 2013 by presidential decree no. 326 signed by Russian president Vladimir Putin . Putin had previously outlined a plan to reinstate the regiment's honorific title in an address to the Russian Federal Assembly in 2012, with the stated aim being to "strengthen the historical continuity" of the Russian Armed Forces by resurrecting the names of "famous, legendary units and formations of

1330-617: The President of the Russian Federation . The MC's booth is located in the stands, at the very top. Since 2021, the announcer has been Khoroshevtsev's protégé, Anton Suntsov. Aside from the parade, he also together with Anna Shatilova, is the MC for the memorial parade in honor of the 1941 October Revolution Parade as well as the Spasskaya Tower Military Music Festival and Tattoo . Prior to 1945, most were held on horseback. For

1400-943: The South-Eastern Administrative Okrug . As the Second World War was ending in Europe in 1944 the Soviet NKVD in Moscow was charged with raising a full-time honor guard company as part of the 1st Regiment, OMSDON (then the NKVD 1st Special Duties Division), in the style and manner of the British Household Division 's Foot Guards , the 3rd US Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) and the French Republican Guard 's First Infantry Regiment. Its first duties included

1470-524: The Soviet Union , with parades only being held on major jubilee, in part to make favor for the October Revolution Day parade which took place every year in the winter. In the decades that followed, 3 parades were held: in 1965, 1985, and 1990. Parades were not held between 1991 and 1994, partly because First Deputy Prime Minister Gennady Burbulis thought of it as impractical primarily based on

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1540-535: The state visit of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill that year. It later joined the 73rd Special Duties Battalion (later the 465th Special Duties Company, later itself renamed the 465th Special Commandant's Company) in 1948, now part of the regular armed forces. This was the precursor of the Honor Guard Company that would later form the 154th ICR of today, the very company in which the Victory Banner

1610-569: The 748th Infantry Regiment) riding in two GAZ-M20 Pobeda cars brought in from the Turkmen capital. Photos and Videos Oleg Salyukov Oleg Leonidovich Salyukov ( Russian : Олег Леонидович Салюков ; born 21 May 1955) is an Army General and the current Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces . He was appointed to the post in May 2014. He was promoted to the rank of General of

1680-709: The Army in 2019. Salyukov, born on May 21, 1955, in Saratov, hails from a military background. His father, Leonid Ivanovich Salyukov (1920-2006), served as a tank driver and attained the rank of major general during the Great Patriotic War. Oleg spent his formative years in Penza, graduating from Secondary School No. 6 in 1972. In 1977, Salyukov graduated with distinction from the Ulyanovsk Guards Higher Tank Command School. He furthered his education at

1750-575: The College and the college colour guard. The parade is ordered to stand at ease after the Minister informs the President that the parade is formed up for the march past in review and its inspection officially completed. In the 1965, 1985 and 1990 parades, the limousines would inspect the personnel of the mobile column at the Manezhnaya Square formed into battalions, in remembrance of the mounted inspection of

1820-578: The Ground Forces. The awards were held in 9 nominations: In addition, different cups are awarded to the parade crew of the Yunarmiya and the 2nd company of female military personnel. This ceremony is planned to be held annually and the challenge cups are kept permanently at the Office of the Military Commandant of Moscow . Since August 2010, when the icon of Smolensk Saviour was uncovered and restored above

1890-574: The Kremlin Regiment, both of which would be later taking post to mark the distance of the troops marching past and to line the square's western side facing the Kremlin together with extra drum majors from the Band Service, which are there to coordinate the march past to be timed in with the music of the bands since the parade of 1995. At the square, the parade commander (usually a Colonel General or rarely

1960-449: The Kubinka airfield. In some cases, the flypast is rehearsed solely without any mobile and ground columns. Typically, the final dress rehearsal takes place 2–3 days before the actual parade and is usually live-streamed on outlets such as Ruptly . 2008 marked a return to tradition as well as the reorganization of the parade to fit the modern era. For the first time, a mobile column appeared at

2030-744: The Massed Bands strike up to Slavsya from A Life for the Tsar as the PC returns to his place, the Minister driven to the grandstand amidst loud shouts of Oorah by the parade contingents where he dismounts the limousine and the Corps of Drums of the Moscow Military Music College , an affiliate of the Suvorov Military Schools, take their place behind the parade commander's car led by the Commandant of

2100-759: The Moscow Military Garrison Commandant. The company adopted full parade dress in 1960 in the uniforms of the 3 service arms of the Soviet Armed Forces: the Soviet Army , Soviet Air Forces and the Soviet Navy in its three platoons. The regulations for such use were amended via a 1971 General Orders of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union , to be used only in state occasions, ceremonies and national holidays when permitted. In December 1979, on

2170-536: The Moscow area massed bands from 2002 to 2016, being played by the drummers and fifers. As the massed bands start playing the Corps of Drums stop playing by the signal of the Corps Drum Major and swings its drumsticks while on the eyes right. The Corps is followed by the colour guard of the 154th PICR and its 1st Honor Guard Company, during jubilee parades, the colour guard is followed by a company of colour bearers carrying

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2240-792: The Russian and Soviet armies". On 10 September 2018, the Moscow House of the Young Army Cadets National Movement was inaugurated on part of the regimental barracks and depot complex. The regiment today is made of more than a thousand servicemen from all units of the Russian Armed Forces, composed of 3 battalions (the Honor Guard Battalion. and the 1st and 2nd Commandant's Battalions) and other independent units comprising it, including its Special Duties Company. The 154th Independent Commandant's Regiment, and its predecessors, have been involved in various state and international events through

2310-557: The Suvorov and Nakhimov Schools assembled. To the left and right of the grandstand are the stands wherein veterans, veterans' families and descendants and families of personnel killed in action are gathered. In between the grandstand to the south of the stands are two platoons of armed linemen and markers from the 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment in the Imperial-styled military uniforms and some unarmed half-companies of

2380-466: The acoustics of the Red Square, only an orchestra would be used, saying that the soldier's "voices would be swallowed by the echo". As the anthem ends, the bands sound Retreat as the honor guard executes order arms and the parade commander orders the parade to commence the march past in the following manner: As the command is given to start the linemen take their places and the field markers also as well at

2450-530: The address and a threefold Ура! resounds all over the square by the entire parade assembled and the honor guard presents arms, the Massed Bands play the National Anthem of Russia and a ceremonial battery armed with the 76 mm divisional gun M1942 (ZiS-3) fire a 21-gun salute . In the 2000s, a band didn't perform the anthem, with the soldiers on parade singing all three verses. In 2009, Defence Minister Anatoliy Serdyukov changed this, stating that because of

2520-594: The arrival of the President and the Prime Minister of Russia to a special grandstand in front of Lenin's Mausoleum , where six of the past parades were reviewed by national leaders. They greet the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, service commanders, deputy ministers in the Ministry of Defence and commanders of the support units within the Armed Forces, together with veterans, veterans' families and representatives of

2590-555: The day of Germany's surrender. Intensive preparations for the parade took place in late May and early June in Moscow. The preliminary rehearsal of the Victory Parade took place at Khodynka Aerodrome , and the general rehearsal on Red Square on June 22. The day after the parade, a reception was held in the Grand Kremlin Palace in honor of the participants in the Victory Parade. After the 1945 parade, Victory Day became obsolete in

2660-578: The defeat of Nazi Germany took place with the participation of the Soviet Armed Forces and a guest appearance by a small detachment from the First Polish Army on 24 June 1945. It was the longest and largest parade in the Soviet capital, lasting hours and utilizing 40,000 Red Army soldiers as well as 1,850 military vehicles. It took place over a month after the victory actually took place on 9 May,

2730-440: The end of the year, the traditional repertoire instruction is held with the leaders of the military bands who will participate in the anniversary parade. For each piece, it is explained what and where to focus on during the performance. Many pieces are used in concert with the marchpast of the service its supposed to represent. Bandsmen usually play for up to forty minutes without sheet music. The act of inviting foreign leaders to

2800-652: The first Victory Parade was inspected with the Marshal in a stallion named Idol . Cars replaced horses at military parades in 1953, the year of Stalin's death. The main vehicle then was the ZIS-110B , which was developed during the war was used. In Moscow, the convertible took part in parades until 1980 and also drove along the Palace Square in St. Petersburg until 2008. In 1981, the ZIL-115V

2870-404: The first time, a parade convertible was on Red Square in 1940. In the last pre-war parade, the armored vehicle column was led by the ZIS-102 phaeton , which was a roofless modification of the ZIS-101 limousine. It was then that the proposal was to change from horses to cars came about, to which Stalin was firmly opposed, saying "Let's not change the good tradition of the Soviet army". Therefore,

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2940-410: The first time. The 2020 parade saw the return of all participants of the 2015 parade (with most of the post-Soviet nations being represented by different units) as well as the return of Turkmenistan and Moldova , whose militaries returned after 10 years. Turkmen contingent for the 2020 parade consisted of two color guards (one carrying the Flag of Turkmenistan and the other carrying the combat flag of

3010-426: The following: "Attention, this is Moscow speaking and showing. Listen to and watch Red Square. This is the Victory Parade in honor of the (insert anniversary year) anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945! ". As the Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin sounds the chimes at 10 am the parade commander orders the parade to present arms as the 154th PICR's 1st Honor Guard Company Colour Guard, to

3080-422: The front standards in the order of their marchpast in the 1945 Victory Parade and their escorts, colours from the regiments, brigades and divisions which took part in the original 1945 parade and a historical unit of servicemen in period uniforms, optionally joined by the Kuban Cossacks, in memory of their contingent which marched past on that very parade, and the Escort Cavalry Squadron of the Kremlin Regiment plus

3150-403: The historic Poklonnaya Hill - at the Museum of the Great Patriotic War, Moscow . Being a representative part of the Russian military, it is often asked to represent the nation at foreign military parades and ceremonies. One of its biggest foreign appearances was at the 2015 China Victory Day Parade , which celebrated the 70th anniversary of Victory over Japan Day of World War II . Within

3220-499: The massed bands under the direction of the Senior Director of Music of the Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia (an appointment bestowed to either a colonel or a general rank officer), are a central part of the parade. Between 15 and 40 bands are usually available for the march pasts. The combined band includes more than 40 ensembles from Moscow, St. Petersburg , Vladivostok , Kaliningrad , Kostroma . The massed military Bands in attendance are normally composed of: At

3290-413: The melody of The Sacred War being played by the Massed Bands, marches into the square and past the dignitaries with guard carrying both the Flag of Russia and the Victory Banner . As the colour guards approach the grandstand, the colour officers execute eyes left and resume above face after passing by. This is followed by the parade being commanded to stand at ease after the colours take their place at

3360-419: The millions of who served in the ranks of the military and law enforcement services of the former Soviet Union during the Second World War . In 2018, an exhibition drill performance by the 1st Honor Guard Company, 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment took part in the finale segment of the parade together with a drumline from the Moscow Military Music College the first time since 2007 in

3430-410: The northwest end of the square fronting the State Historical Museum , besides the colour of the Armed Forces. Then the Minister of Defence (usually a billet of a General of the Army) is driven on the limousine to the center of the square nearest the tribune, the parade presenting arms again at this point. The parade commander informs him of the readiness of the parade to be inspected. The following report

3500-431: The official honor guard regiment of the Russian Armed Forces and serves as the main honor guard unit of the armed forces, stationed in Moscow. Aside from being the honor guard unit, it is also charged with duties assisting the Commander, Moscow Garrison, and to serve garrison and protection duties in the protection of the capital city and its military infrastructure. Its barracks is at Lefortovo District , Moscow, part of

3570-420: The original 1945 parade, which included cavalry, tachankas and horse artillery in addition to the huge mobile column. Following the report of the Minister of Defence, the keynote holiday address to the nation of the President follows, preceded by a fanfare by the Massed Bands, usually Govovin's Moscow Fanfare . A moment of silence, since 2015, features as part of the keynote address. As the president finishes

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3640-413: The parade for the first time since the fall of the USSR, and included military units countries allied with the Soviet Union during World War II . Representation at the parade included contingents from France , Poland , the United Kingdom , the United States and other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States . Upon request from the Ministry of Defence of Turkmenistan , the Turkmen contingent

3710-466: The parade has been a jubilee tradition since 1995, with the exception of 2000. At the first parade in 1945, the color squad of the First Polish Army was the only foreign contingent invited to the ceremony. In 1985, veterans of the Polish People's Army (Polish 1st Infantry Division) and the Czechoslovak People's Army (Czechoslovak 1st Corps) took part in the veterans procession of the parade. In 2010, President Dmitry Medvedev invited foreign troops to

3780-516: The parade of 2010, is arranged in the following manner as it passes before the dignitaries: Early preparations for the parade begin in the last two months of the previous year. In these early stages, organizers at the MoD discuss the size of the parade, units/military equipment attending, extra details and on jubilee years, the invitation of foreign troops. During this time, regular participants practice their drill routines from their home units at various locations. Full parade rehearsals begin in March at

3850-461: The recommendation of the Soviet Army General Staff the 99th ICB became the 154th Independent Commandant's Regiment, therefore merging the 99th ICB and the 1st IHGC and raising new component units. Its duty was for the protection of the Moscow Garrison Commandant's headquarters and providing ceremonial guards in state events. In 1980 several servicemen from the regiment took part in the 1980 Olympic opening ceremony wearing civilian formal dress escorting

3920-482: The signal of the senior director and the senior drum majors and, to give way to the mobile column, march towards the facade of the GUM department store, with two sections of the MMMC Corps of Drums at either side of the bands, reflecting the formations of the massed bands alongside the Corps of Drums in the Red Square parades of the 1950s and the 1960s. The mobile column starts with the drive past of historical vehicles in jubilee years. In non-special anniversary years only

3990-414: The south end of the square. As the PC ends the commands with Eyes to the right, forward, quick march! the Corps of Drums of the Moscow Military Music College, as is their tradition since 1938, march first to the tune of the "General Miloradovich" by one of its late alumni, Lieutenant General Valery Khalilov , one of the longest serving Senior Directors of Music of the Military Band Service and conductor of

4060-407: The state of the country at that time, particularly in terms of costs and expenses. The Victory Day Parade of 1995 was held to commemorate the golden jubilee of the Soviet victory in the war. It was the first one held in the newly formed Russian Federation , taking place 5 years after the fall of the Soviet Union . The parade was divided into two parts, a full military parade on Poklonnaya Hill and

4130-402: The territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence of Ukraine as well as the stability or security in Ukraine". He is married and has a son. This biographical article related to the Russian military is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant%27s Regiment 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment serves as

4200-465: The three branches of the Armed Forces the flypast then follows, usually as the Bands play the Aviamarch and other air marches the flypast marks the formal termination of the parade with tens of aircraft from the Air Force flying past above the square in full view of everyone in attendance. However in certain parades, flypasts may be cancelled due to poor weather conditions, which occurred in the 2022 Victory Day Parade . The parade march past order, since

4270-427: The tower, the parade inspector, if holding military rank, has had to remove his headgear and cross himself before the inspection of troops during all Victory Day Parades. Each of the contingents, since 1996, have carried the historical military colors of the 1942 ( Red Army , Soviet Air Force , NKVD Border Troops and Police, People's Militia) and 1932/1944 ( Soviet Navy ) patterns at the head of their formations, honoring

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4340-454: The traditional role of the MMD commanding general leading the annual Moscow Victory Day Parade as overall commander, which began in 1965 and was stripped in 2010 when the Western Military District was formed on the basis of part of the MMD, would not be reinstated as billet of parade commander has since the 2010s been held by the Commander of the Russian Ground Forces. On the morning of the parade, an estimated 14,000 military personnel, including

4410-438: The war which would take part just like in the parades of 1985 and 1990) assemble on the street as well with modern military hardware of the Armed Forces and the National Guard (and optionally by the other uniformed organizations). At the air bases outside Moscow (in areas like Kubinka ), more than 88 aircraft are assembled with their aircrews for the flypast segment. The celebrations begin at 9:55 am Moscow Standard Time with

4480-505: The years. Aside from its duties at sporting events, other activities where they were involved include their attendance in various Soviet state funerals (including the Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev ) and in the Victory Day celebrations in Moscow from 1965 onward, where they always provide the honor guard unit and troop the Victory Banner on Red Square for the annual parade among other commemorative activities. Recent regimental enlistment and passing-out parades have been held on

4550-449: Was awarded the military rank of Colonel General. Subsequently, on December 10, 2010, he was appointed Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Salyukov assumed the role of Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces of the Russian Federation on May 2, 2014, following a decree by President Vladimir Putin. He has also overseen military parades on Red Square in Moscow on Victory Day from 2014 to 2024. Salyukov

4620-433: Was decided two years later that recorded audio would be used to announce the parade in order to keep with the march step of the formations in the grounds of the square, and it has been a part of the parade ever since. In all those years, from 2007 to 2020, the voice has been of People's Artist of Russia Yevgeny Khoroshevtsev , a graduate of the Russian Institute of Theatre Arts as well as the announcer of protocol events of

4690-426: Was honored with the military rank of Army General on February 22, 2019, becoming the 65th military leader in modern Russia to receive this distinction. Sanctioned by the UK government in 2022 in relation to Russo-Ukrainian War . In February 2022 Salyukov was added to the European Union sanctions list for being "responsible for actively supporting and implementing actions and policies that undermine and threaten

4760-408: Was introduced, with three convertibles being built at the Likhachev Plant to participate in parades. It took part in military parades (including Victory Parades) on Red Square until 2009. In 2019, the ZILs were replaced by a specialized armored convertibles of an Aurus Senat . The role of driving these cars is afforded to two personnel of the 147th Automobile Base . Particularly on jubilee years,

4830-422: Was led by an officer on horseback, with the horse being flown into Moscow from Ashgabat . After a 5-year break, the platinum jubilee parade in 2015 saw the return of units from the CIS (save for Moldova and Ukraine ) and saw parade participants from the Serbian Guards Unit the Beijing Capital Garrison Honor Guard Battalion , Mongolian State Honor Guard , and The Grenadiers . representing their countries for

4900-412: Was welcomed with full honors in June 1945 into Moscow. On 10 April 1949, the 465th SCC, by order of the Soviet Armed Forces General Staff, became the 99th Independent Commandant's Battalion. On 29 November 1956, by order of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union, the 1st Independent Honor Guard Company and the Military Band of the Honor Guard were raised, both under the supervision of the Office of

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