97-654: Moose Jaw is the fourth largest city in Saskatchewan , Canada. Lying on the Moose Jaw River in the south-central part of the province, it is situated on the Trans-Canada Highway , 77 km (48 mi) west of Regina . Residents of Moose Jaw are known as Moose Javians. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Moose Jaw No. 161 . Moose Jaw is an industrial centre and a critical railway junction for
194-613: A subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc ) with a shorter summer season. Summers can get very hot, sometimes above 38 °C (100 °F) during the day, and with humidity decreasing from northeast to southwest. Warm southern winds blow from the plains and intermontane regions of the Western United States during much of July and August, very cool or hot but changeable air masses often occur during spring and in September. Winters are usually bitterly cold, with frequent Arctic air descending from
291-961: A European-Canadian style of prosperous agrarian society . The long-term prosperity of the province depended on the world price of grain, which headed steadily upward from the 1880s to 1920, then plunged down. Wheat output was increased by new strains, such as the " Marquis wheat " strain which matured 8 days sooner and yielded 7 more bushels per acre (0.72 m /ha) than the previous standard, " Red Fife ". The national output of wheat soared from 8 million imperial bushels (290,000 m ) in 1896, to 26 × 10 ^ imp bu (950,000 m ) in 1901, reaching 151 × 10 ^ imp bu (5,500,000 m ) by 1921. Urban reform movements in Regina were based on support from business and professional groups. City planning, reform of local government, and municipal ownership of utilities were more widely supported by these two groups, often through such organizations as
388-824: A change of -0.7% from its 2016 population of 33,910 . With a land area of 65.81 km (25.41 sq mi), it had a population density of 511.5/km (1,324.9/sq mi) in 2021. Moose Jaw is a city of 33,000 at the intersection of the Trans Canada Highway and Highway 2 . A Snowbird aerobatic jet and Mac the Moose are large roadside attractions on the No. 1 highway at the tourist info center. Moose Jaw Trolley Company (1912) offers trolley tours of Moose Jaw. Temple Garden's Mineral Spa, Tunnels of Moose Jaw, and History of Transportation Western Development Museum . are major sites of interest. The juncture of Moose Jaw and Thunder Creek produced
485-599: A good location for settlement. Traditional native fur traders and Métis buffalo hunters created the first permanent settlement at a place called "the turn," at present-day Kingsway Park, also known as the Kai Gauthier Park. The confluence of the Moose Jaw River and Thunder Creek was chosen and registered in 1881 as a site for a division point for the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), whose construction
582-626: A good site for training pilots. The Royal Canadian Air Force under the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan established RCAF Station Moose Jaw in 1940. After the war, the RCAF remained in the community and used the facility for training pilots through the Cold War . The facility changed its name to CFB Moose Jaw in 1968 and is now Canada's primary military flight training centre and the home of 431 (Air Demonstration) Squadron (aka
679-544: A heritage gallery, which curates and hosts exhibits on local history, including an upcoming "Pandemic Time Capsule" exhibit scheduled for Spring 2021. The Museum & Art Gallery also hosts classes and events. In 1978, Anita Bryant visited Moose Jaw as part of the anti-gay Save Our Children campaign. In response, approximately 85 members of the gay and lesbian community marched down Main St. to Crescent Park, where an estimated 150 people gathered to speak out against Bryant. In 2008,
776-632: A labour-intensive industry many found themselves in due to prejudice barring them from entering other industries. In 1890, the first Chinese business opened in Moose Jaw, was a Chinese laundry. in 1908, nine laundries can be found in the City directory, with eight businesses notably Chinese-run. The tunnels became a hub of renewed activity in the 1920s for rum-running during Prohibition in the United States . They were reported to have warehoused illegal alcohol that
873-608: A ranch in Pekisko, Alberta , visited in 1919, 1924, and 1927. Prince Albert , future king and father of Queen Elizabeth II , paid a visit in 1926. King George VI and his wife Queen Elizabeth (later known as Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother) visited during the Royal tour in 1939. Queen Elizabeth II first visited in 1959 and returned on multiple separate occasions. During his time as Earl of Wessex , Prince Edward became Colonel-in-Chief of
970-738: A safe and attractive tourism destination for 2SLGBTQ people. 2SLGBTQ tourist attractions include a rainbow-coloured bench on Main Street, in front of the Rainbow Retro Thrift Shop, and a mural on the back of the Rainbow Retro building that depicts events and symbols from local 2SLGBTQ history, including representations of the Anita Bryant march, the Indigenous two-spirit presence in Saskatchewan,
1067-568: A typical village replete with pioneer artifacts and tractors, cars and trucks restored by the Moose Jaw car club, and is run by volunteers. The Moose Jaw Museum & Art Gallery is located in Crescent Park at the centre of the downtown area, in the same facility as the Moose Jaw Public Library. The art gallery hosts community exhibits, travelling exhibits, and rotating exhibits from the gallery's permanent collection. The museum also has
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#17328454543671164-513: A warm summer, corresponding to its humid continental climate ( Köppen type Dfb ) in the central and most of the eastern parts of the province, as well as the Cypress Hills ; drying off to a semi-arid steppe climate (Köppen type BSk ) in the southwestern part of the province. Drought can affect agricultural areas during long periods with little or no precipitation at all. The northern parts of Saskatchewan – from about La Ronge northward – have
1261-624: A widow of a British army officer who died in India. The ranch became known as the Prince of Wales Ranch or the E.P. Ranch. The E.P. brand used on the ranch stood for "Edward Prince". The prince briefly became King of the United Kingdom and King of Canada in 1936. In 1925, cowboy movie star Hoot Gibson was filmed in scenes at the E.P. Ranch as part of the Hollywood movie The Calgary Stampede . According to
1358-564: A year-round water supply. Marked on a map as Moose Jaw Bone Creek in an 1857 survey by surveyor John Palliser , two theories exist regarding how the city was named. The first is it comes from the Plains Cree name moscâstani-sîpiy meaning "a warm place by the river", indicative of the protection from the weather the Coteau range provides to the river valley containing the city and also the Plains Cree word moscâs , meaning warm breezes. The other
1455-566: Is Moose Jaw No. 161 , which serves 1,228 residents (2006 census) and includes the Moose Jaw Canadian Forces Base. Meat-processing plants, salt, potash, urea fertilizer, anhydrous ammonia and ethanol producers abound in this area with easy transport access to the Trans–Canada Highway. In 1917, a group of local residents banded together to purchase enough automobile parts to build 25 cars. These were to be manufactured under
1552-454: Is January, with a mean temperature of −12 °C (10 °F), while the warmest is July, with a mean temperature of 19.3 °C (66.7 °F). The driest month is February, in which an average of 11.1 mm (0.44 in) of precipitation falls, while the wettest month is July, which brings an average of 63.0 mm (2.48 in). Annual average precipitation is 365.3 mm (14.38 in). The highest temperature recorded in Moose Jaw
1649-591: Is a province in Western Canada . It is bordered on the west by Alberta , on the north by the Northwest Territories , on the east by Manitoba , to the northeast by Nunavut , and to the south by the United States ( Montana and North Dakota ). Saskatchewan and Alberta are the only landlocked provinces of Canada. In 2024, Saskatchewan's population was estimated at 1,239,865. Nearly 10% of Saskatchewan's total area of 651,900 km (251,700 sq mi)
1746-449: Is a major employer in the province with almost 2,500 permanent full-time staff in 71 communities. Publicly funded elementary and secondary schools in the province are administered by twenty-seven school divisions . Public elementary and secondary schools either operate as secular or as a separate schools . Nearly all school divisions, except one operate as an English first language school board. The Division scolaire francophone No. 310
1843-485: Is an LGBT community organization incorporated as a non-profit in 2014. Moose Jaw Pride was a founding member of the Saskatchewan Pride Network, started in 2016, which serves to connect and support 2SLGBTQ people in small communities across Saskatchewan, many of which do not have an established local pride organization. Since 2019, Moose Jaw Pride has been working with local partners to promote Moose Jaw as
1940-479: Is construed by many visitors to be historically accurate, there is no evidence to suggest that Chinese Canadians lived in the tunnels of the tours outside of minimal anecdotal testimonies. Historically accurate information such as the Chinese Exclusion Act , Chinese Head Tax and the case of Quong Wing v R which occurred at the site of 1 Main street across the location of the tunnels are mentioned throughout
2037-439: Is fresh water, mostly rivers, reservoirs, and lakes . Residents live primarily in the southern prairie half of the province, while the northern half is mostly forested and sparsely populated. Roughly half live in the province's largest city, Saskatoon , or the provincial capital, Regina . Other notable cities include Prince Albert , Moose Jaw , Yorkton , Swift Current , North Battleford , Estevan , Weyburn , Melfort , and
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#17328454543672134-642: Is in the Cypress Hills less than 2 km (1.2 mi) from the provincial boundary with Alberta. The lowest point is the shore of Lake Athabasca , at 213 m (699 ft). The province has 14 major drainage basins made up of various rivers and watersheds draining into the Arctic Ocean , Hudson Bay and the Gulf of Mexico . Saskatchewan receives more hours of sunshine than any other Canadian province. The province lies far from any significant body of water. This fact, combined with its northerly latitude, gives it
2231-439: Is located in downtown. It features a creek, picnic tables, a library, an art museum, a playground, an outdoor swimming pool, water park , a tennis court, lawn bowling field and an amphitheatre . Casino Moose Jaw and Temple Gardens Mineral Spa are across Fairford St. E. and 1st Ave. NE. from Crescent Park. "Wakamow Valley" follows the Moose Jaw River and features both natural and maintained areas. There are many trails throughout
2328-503: Is that the section of the Moose Jaw River that runs through the city is shaped like a moose 's jaw. There is also an untrue story of the name being inspired by the Earl of Dunmore , for whom Dunmore, Alberta is named, repairing his cart with the jawbone of a moose during his travels there. The city was the site of the 1954 mid-air collision of Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 9 . The area surrounding Moose Jaw has many cloudless days, making it
2425-476: Is the only province without a natural border . As its borders follow geographic lines of longitude and latitude , the province is roughly a quadrilateral , or a shape with four sides. However, the southern border on the 49th parallel and the northern border on the 60th parallel curve to the left as one proceeds east, as do all parallels in the Northern Hemisphere. Additionally, the eastern boundary of
2522-557: Is the only school division that operates French first language schools. In addition to elementary and secondary schools, the province is also home to several post-secondary institutions. Pekisko, Alberta Pekisko is an unincorporated community in southern Alberta , Canada. It is located in the Foothills County , east of the junction of Cowboy Trail and Highway 540 , 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of High River and 19 km (12 mi) south of Longview . It lies in
2619-436: Is the world's largest exporter of mustard seed. Beef cattle production by a Canadian province is only exceeded by Alberta. In the northern part of the province, forestry is also a significant industry. Mining is a major industry in the province, with Saskatchewan being the world's largest exporter of potash and uranium . Oil and natural gas production is also a very important part of Saskatchewan's economy, although
2716-462: The 2021 Canadian census , the ten most spoken languages in the province included English (1,094,785 or 99.24%), French (52,065 or 4.72%), Tagalog (36,125 or 3.27%), Cree (24,850 or 2.25%), Hindi (15,745 or 1.43%), Punjabi (13,310 or 1.21%), German (11,815 or 1.07%), Mandarin (11,590 or 1.05%), Spanish (11,185 or 1.01%), and Ukrainian (10,795 or 0.98%). The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. According to
2813-415: The 2021 census , religious groups in Saskatchewan included: Historically, Saskatchewan's economy was primarily associated with agriculture , with wheat being the precious symbol on the province's flag. Increasing diversification has resulted in agriculture, forestry , fishing , and hunting only making up 8.9% of the province's GDP in 2018. Saskatchewan grows a large portion of Canada's grain. In 2017,
2910-541: The Canadian Prairies . In the early 20th century, the province became known as a stronghold for Canadian social democracy; North America's first social-democratic government was elected in 1944 . The province's economy is based on agriculture , mining , and energy . Saskatchewan is presently governed by Premier Scott Moe , the leader of the Saskatchewan Party , which has been in power since 2007. In 1992,
3007-646: The Canadian Rockies foothills, north of the Highwood River , at an elevation of 1,215 m (3,986 ft), and is the centre of the Pekisko Rangeland , an area of livestock grazing and agriculture. Oil and gas is an increasing part of the economy. The name Pekisko originates from the Blackfoot language i ta pisko , meaning rolling foothills . The Pekisko Formation ( Mississippian limestone ) of
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3104-855: The First Nations in Saskatchewan and the federal government, in collaboration with provincial governments. In 1876, following their defeat of United States Army forces at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in Montana Territory in the United States, the Lakota Chief Sitting Bull led several thousand of his people to Wood Mountain . Survivors and descendants founded Wood Mountain Reserve in 1914. The North-West Mounted Police set up several posts and forts across Saskatchewan, including Fort Walsh in
3201-626: The National Post noted that the late monarch had "visited Moose Jaw more often than she did Manhattan. The former was part of her realms; the latter not. She was the Queen of Canada and chose to exercise that duty and serve her people over the perquisites of her position." Moose Jaw's climate is transitional between semiarid and humid continental ( Köppen BSk and Dfb , respectively). Moose Jaw's winters are long, cold and dry, while its summers are short but very warm and relatively wet. The coldest month
3298-575: The North-West Territories to administer the vast territory between British Columbia and Manitoba . The Crown also entered into a series of numbered treaties with the indigenous peoples of the area, which serve as the basis of the relationship between First Nations , as they are called today, and the Crown. Since the late twentieth century, land losses and inequities as a result of those treaties have been subject to negotiation for settlement between
3395-558: The Sarcee , Niitsitapi , Atsina , Cree , Saulteaux , Assiniboine (Nakoda), and Sioux . The first known European to enter Saskatchewan was Henry Kelsey from England in 1690, who travelled up the Saskatchewan River in hopes of trading fur with the region's indigenous peoples. Fort La Jonquière and Fort de la Corne were first established in 1751 and 1753 by early French explorers and traders. The first permanent European settlement
3492-617: The Saskatchewan Dragoons of Moose Jaw on visiting Saskatchewan in 2003 when he congratulated the regiment on its "contribution to Canada's proud tradition of citizen-soldiers in the community." Involved in peacekeeping operations in Cyprus, the Golan Heights, Bosnia and Croatia, the regiment has also provided aid during floods and forest fires in the prairies. The Prince returned to visit his regiment in 2006. Prince Edward also inaugurated
3589-477: The Trewartha climate classification system . Being on the immediate leeward side of the Canadian Rockies , Chinook ( Föhn ) winds can sometimes drive winter temperatures well above freezing—during a particularly extreme event on 31 January 1906, the temperature rose to an exceptional 80 °F (26.7 °C), possibly the highest January temperature ever recorded at such a high latitude. Like at lower elevations in
3686-623: The boreal forest in the north and the prairies in the south. They are separated by an aspen parkland transition zone near the North Saskatchewan River on the western side of the province, and near to south of the Saskatchewan River on the eastern side. Northern Saskatchewan is mostly covered by forest except for the Lake Athabasca Sand Dunes , the largest active sand dunes in the world north of 58°, and adjacent to
3783-1081: The oil industry is larger. Among Canadian provinces, only Alberta exceeds Saskatchewan in overall oil production. Heavy crude is extracted in the Lloydminster-Kerrobert-Kindersley areas. Light crude is found in the Kindersley-Swift Current areas as well as the Weyburn-Estevan fields. Natural gas is found almost entirely in the western part of Saskatchewan, from the Primrose Lake area through Lloydminster, Unity, Kindersley, Leader, and around Maple Creek areas. Major companies based in Saskatchewan include Nutrien , Federated Cooperatives Ltd. and Cameco . Major Saskatchewan-based Crown corporations are Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI), SaskTel , SaskEnergy (the province's main supplier of natural gas), SaskPower , and Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation (SCIC). Bombardier runs
3880-530: The "Snowbirds"). CFB Moose Jaw's primary lodger unit is "15 Wing". In the Royal Canadian Air Force , the lodger unit is often called 15 Wing Moose Jaw. The base usually holds an Armed Forces Day each year. The Saskatchewan Dragoons is a reserve armoured regiment with an armoury in the city's north end. Many members of the Royal Family have visited Moose Jaw. Edward, Prince of Wales , who owned
3977-603: The 1920s; it had close ties with the governing Liberal party. In 1913, the Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association was established with three goals: to watch over legislation; to forward the interests of the stock growers in every honourable and legitimate way; and to suggest to parliament legislation to meet changing conditions and requirements. Immigration peaked in 1910, and in spite of the initial difficulties of frontier life – distance from towns, sod homes, and backbreaking labour – new settlers established
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4074-461: The 1971–2000 normals with the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system , Pekisko has a firmly subarctic climate, or as lower elevations nearby have humid continental climates , a subalpine climate ( Dfc ). Like other subpolar climates, summers are short and lukewarm, but while typically sub-freezing, winters average out to be fairly mild, being considered "maritime subarctic" ( Eo ) according to
4171-546: The 21st century, the city capitalized on this notoriety to restore the tunnel network into the Tunnels of Moose Jaw, a tourist attraction that opened in June 2000. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police , however, states that there is no "evidence that he ever set foot on Canadian soil." As in most Canadian cities, hockey has played a large part in Moose Jaw's sporting culture. Baseball has also been essential to Moose Jaw since its early days;
4268-402: The 75th anniversary of its establishment in 1980, with Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon , presiding over the official ceremonies. In 2005, 25 years later, her sister, Queen Elizabeth II , attended the events held to mark Saskatchewan's centennial. Since the late 20th century, First Nations have become more politically active in seeking justice for past inequities, especially related to
4365-516: The Agreement, the First Nations received money to buy land on the open market. As a result, about 761,000 acres have been turned into reserve land and many First Nations continue to invest their settlement dollars in urban areas", including Saskatoon. The money from such settlements has enabled First Nations to invest in businesses and other economic infrastructure. In June 2021, a graveyard containing
4462-524: The Board of Trade. Church-related and other altruistic organizations generally supported social welfare and housing reforms; these groups were generally less successful in getting their own reforms enacted. The province responded to the First World War in 1914 with patriotic enthusiasm and enjoyed the resultant economic boom for farms and cities alike. Emotional and intellectual support for the war emerged from
4559-842: The Cypress Hills, and Wood Mountain Post in south-central Saskatchewan near the United States border. Many Métis people, who had not been signatories to a treaty, had moved to the Southbranch Settlement and Prince Albert district north of present-day Saskatoon following the Red River Rebellion in Manitoba in 1870. In the early 1880s, the Canadian government refused to hear the Métis' grievances, which stemmed from land-use issues. Finally, in 1885,
4656-506: The Gay and Lesbian Association of Moose Jaw (GLAMj) requested and was granted the first official proclamation of Pride Week in Moose Jaw and raised the Rainbow Flag over Moose Jaw's City Hall for the first time. The city's first pride parade since 1978 was held in 2015, and similar parades have been held annually in late May or early June, usually from Main Street to Crescent Park. Moose Jaw Pride
4753-474: The Hudson's Bay Company, which claimed rights to all watersheds flowing into Hudson Bay , including the Saskatchewan River , Churchill , Assiniboine , Souris , and Qu'Appelle River systems. In the late 1850s and early 1860s, scientific expeditions led by John Palliser and Henry Youle Hind explored the prairie region of the province. In 1870, Canada acquired the Hudson's Bay Company's territories and formed
4850-663: The Klan), enjoyed about two years of prominence. It declined and disappeared, subject to widespread political and media opposition, plus internal scandals involving the use of the organization's funds. In 1970, the first annual Canadian Western Agribition was held in Regina. This farm-industry trade show, with its strong emphasis on livestock, is rated as one of the five top livestock shows in North America, along with those in Houston , Denver , Louisville and Toronto . The province celebrated
4947-496: The Métis, led by Louis Riel , staged the North-West Rebellion and declared a provisional government. They were defeated by a Canadian militia brought to the Canadian prairies by the new Canadian Pacific Railway. Riel, who surrendered and was convicted of treason in a packed Regina courtroom, was hanged on November 16, 1885. Since then, the government has recognized the Métis as an aboriginal people with status rights and provided them with various benefits. The national policy set by
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#17328454543675044-420: The NATO Flying Training Centre at 15 Wing, near Moose Jaw . Bombardier was awarded a long-term contract in the late 1990s for $ 2.8 billion from the federal government for the purchase of military aircraft and the running of the training facility. SaskPower since 1929 has been the principal supplier of electricity in Saskatchewan, serving more than 451,000 customers and managing $ 4.5 billion in assets. SaskPower
5141-497: The Ottawa, of a Lieutenant Governor and a Council to assist him. Highly optimistic advertising campaigns promoted the benefits of prairie living. Potential immigrants read leaflets that described Canada as a favourable place to live and downplayed the need for agricultural expertise. Ads in The Nor'-West Farmer by the Commissioner of Immigration implied that western land held water, wood, gold, silver, iron, copper, and cheap coal for fuel, all of which were readily at hand. The reality
5238-427: The Prairie South School Division and the Holy Trinity Catholic Schools. École Ducharme offers preschool to grade 12 and is Moose Jaw's only Francophone school. École fransaskoise de Moose Jaw offers French Immersion from preschool to grade 9. Moose Jaw is also home to a campus of Saskatchewan Polytechnic . Moose Jaw Union Hospital, part of the Five Hills Health Region, was the primary health care provider for
5335-429: The Queen's Jubilee Rose Garden in Moose Jaw on his 2003 visit. Other royal connections to the city include King George School and Prince Arthur Community School, both named for royal family members before they shut down and combined to become Cornerstone Christian School. Additionally, the South Hill school was formerly named King Edward Elementary School. Following the death of Queen Elizabeth in 2022, an opinion piece in
5432-463: The Rundle Group was named after this community. A hybrid of Pisum sativum (pea) was also named Pekisko after this area. Pekisko is ranching country and two famous ranches operated there for decades: the Bar-U Ranch, owned by Calgary Stampede founder George Lane, and the EP Ranch (formerly the Bedingfeld Ranch). After touring Canada in 1919, the Prince of Wales bought the Bedingfeld cattle ranch, which had been founded in 1886 by Mrs. Bedingfeld,
5529-444: The area's agricultural produce. CFB Moose Jaw is a NATO flight training school and is home to the Snowbirds , Canada's military aerobatic air show flight demonstration team. Moose Jaw also has a casino and geothermal spa . Cree and Assiniboine people used the Moose Jaw area as a winter encampment. The Missouri Coteau sheltered the valley and gave it warm breezes. The narrow river crossing and abundant water and game made it
5626-407: The basic institutions of plains society, economy and government. Gender roles were sharply defined. Men were primarily responsible for breaking the land; planting and harvesting; building the house; buying, operating and repairing machinery; and handling finances. At first, there were many single men on the prairie, or husbands whose wives were still back east, but they had a hard time. They realized
5723-425: The best source of water for steam engines, and Moose Jaw became the CPR divisional point. Large-capacity concrete grain terminals are replacing the smaller grain elevators that were numerous along the highway, sentinels of most communities along the route. Improved harvest, transport and road construction technology have made the large inland terminals more economically viable. The rural governing body around Moose Jaw
5820-444: The border city of Lloydminster . English is the primary language of the province, with 82.4% of Saskatchewanians speaking English as their first language . Saskatchewan has been inhabited for thousands of years by indigenous peoples . Europeans first explored the area in 1690 and first settled in the area in 1774. It became a province in 1905, carved out from the vast North-West Territories , which had until then included most of
5917-466: The city and CFB Moose Jaw . It has two stations, North Hill Fire Station (Headquarters) and South Hill Fire Station. It is also contracted out to CFB Moose Jaw to provide structural fire suppression services. Ambulatory (EMS) services are provided by Five Hills Health Region , which operates an EMS station in Moose Jaw; non-emergency services are provided by St. John Ambulance . The Moose Jaw Police Service, with 54 sworn members, provides policing for
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#17328454543676014-508: The city and holds both municipal and provincial jurisdiction in partnership with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police . Moose Jaw Transit provides local bus service to urban areas of the city. This small system operates four routes from a downtown hub on weekdays between 7:15 am and 6:15 pm. [2] The bus fleet was replaced in 2008 by new low-floor accessible vehicles under the federal government's one-time public transit capital funding program. Saskatchewan Saskatchewan
6111-405: The city since 1948, but closed in 2015 and was replaced by Dr. F.H. Wigmore Regional Hospital in the city's northeast end. The new location was partly picked for its proximity to the Trans-Canada Highway. The Wigmore Hospital uses LEAN methodology to save time and money in healthcare. The Moose Jaw Fire Department (est. 1906) is a 57-member fire and rescue service that provides fire suppression to
6208-428: The city won the territorial championship in 1895. Most recently, the 2004 Junior All-Star team (age 13/14) won the Canadian Championship and became the first team from Saskatchewan to win a game at the Little League World Series . Notable Moose Jaw teams include: Defunct sports teams Sports events held by Moose Jaw include: Local institutions include five high schools and 15 elementary schools. The schools are in
6305-420: The council's home since the late 1960s Provincially, the city is represented by two MLAs and federally by one MP. These neighbourhoods are divided into four community associations: South Hill, East Side, North West and Sunningdale/VLA/West Park. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Moose Jaw had a population of 33,665 living in 14,719 of its 16,143 total private dwellings,
6402-417: The distinction of being the only Canadian province for which no borders correspond to physical geographic features (i.e. they are all parallels and meridians). Along with Alberta, Saskatchewan is one of only two land-locked provinces. The overwhelming majority of Saskatchewan's population is in the southern third of the province, south of the 53rd parallel . Saskatchewan contains two major natural regions:
6499-460: The effects can be mitigated through adaptations of cultivars , or crops, is less clear. Resiliency of ecosystems may decline with large changes in temperature. The provincial government has responded to the threat of climate change by introducing a plan to reduce carbon emissions , "The Saskatchewan Energy and Climate Change Plan", in June 2007. Saskatchewan has been populated by various indigenous peoples of North America , including members of
6596-408: The export market. Population quintupled from 91,000 in 1901 to 492,000 in 1911, thanks to heavy immigration of farmers from Ukraine, U.S., Germany and Scandinavia. Efforts were made to assimilate the newcomers to British Canadian culture and values. In the 1905 provincial elections, Liberals won 16 of 25 seats in Saskatchewan. The Saskatchewan government bought out Bell Telephone Company in 1909, with
6693-460: The federal and provincial governments signed a historic land claim agreement with First Nations in Saskatchewan . The First Nations received compensation which they could use to buy land on the open market for the bands. They have acquired about 3,079 km (761,000 acres; 1,189 sq mi), new reserve lands under this process. Some First Nations have used their settlement to invest in urban areas, including Regina and Saskatoon. The name of
6790-459: The federal government, the Canadian Pacific Railway , the Hudson's Bay Company and associated land companies encouraged immigration. The Dominion Lands Act of 1872 permitted settlers to acquire one-quarter of a square mile of land to homestead and offered an additional quarter upon establishing a homestead. In 1874, the North-West Mounted Police began providing police services. In 1876, the North-West Territories Act provided for appointment, by
6887-511: The flexibility exhibited by farm women in performing productive and nonproductive labour was critical to the survival of family farms, and thus to the success of the wheat economy. On September 1, 1905, Saskatchewan became a province, with inauguration day held on September 4. Its political leaders at the time proclaimed its destiny was to become Canada's most powerful province. Saskatchewan embarked on an ambitious province-building program based on its Anglo-Canadian culture and wheat production for
6984-516: The four-day Saskatchewan Festival of Words showcases top Canadian writers from a wide variety of genres. The free three-day Sidewalk Days Festival draws tens of thousands to Main Street the weekend after Canada Day. The Snowbirds flight demonstration team is based at CFB Moose Jaw , south of Moose Jaw in Bushell Park , where the now defunct airshow was performed every summer. It will be brought back in 2019. Moose Jaw has many parks. Crescent Park
7081-503: The government owning the long-distance lines and left local service to small companies organized at the municipal level. Premier Walter Scott preferred government assistance to outright ownership because he thought enterprises worked better if citizens had a stake in running them; he set up the Saskatchewan Cooperative Elevator Company in 1911. Despite pressure from farm groups for direct government involvement in
7178-515: The grain handling business, the Scott government opted to loan money to a farmer-owned elevator company. Saskatchewan in 1909 provided bond guarantees to railway companies for the construction of branch lines, alleviating the concerns of farmers who had trouble getting their wheat to market by waggon. The Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association , was the dominant political force in the province until
7275-511: The history of transportation and has a Snowbirds gallery. The Sukanen Ship Pioneer Village and Museum is south of Moose Jaw on Sk Hwy 2 . The car club at Moose Jaw agreed to the restoration of Tom Sukanen's ship at their museum site. Sukanen was a Finnish homesteader who settled near Birsay and hoped to travel home again on a ship he assembled near the South Saskatchewan River . The Sukanen Ship Pioneer Village and Museum features
7372-450: The late '90s and is inside the campground. Old Wives Lake , a saline lake is 30 km southwest of the city on Highway 363 . Buffalo Pound Lake a eutrophic prairie lake is 28 km north on Highway 2 . Buffalo Pound Provincial Park is on the south shore and can be accessed by Highway 202 and Highway 301 . The tunnels present two tour attractions: Passage to Fortune and The Chicago Connection . While Passage to Fortune
7469-406: The name Moose Jaw Standard . Each group member received a car, but no further buyers were found, and production did not continue. The Moose Jaw Art Guild is a community arts association of local artists dedicated to exhibiting, educating and fostering appreciation for visual arts. Moose Jaw is home to one of four Saskatchewan Western Development Museums . The Moose Jaw WDM museum specializes in
7566-559: The need for a wife. In 1901, there were 19,200 families, but this surged to 150,300 families only 15 years later. Wives played a central role in settlement of the prairie region. Their labour, skills, and ability to adapt to the harsh environment proved decisive in meeting the challenges. They prepared bannock, beans and bacon, mended clothes, raised children, cleaned, tended the garden, helped at harvest time and nursed everyone back to health. While prevailing patriarchal attitudes, legislation, and economic principles obscured women's contributions,
7663-500: The north, and with high temperatures not breaking −17 °C (1 °F) for weeks at a time. Warm chinook winds often blow from the west, bringing periods of mild weather. Annual precipitation averages 30 to 45 centimetres (12 to 18 inches) across the province, with the bulk of rain falling in June, July, and August. Saskatchewan is one of the most tornado -active parts of Canada , averaging roughly 12 to 18 tornadoes per year, some violent. In 2012, 33 tornadoes were reported in
7760-399: The park for hiking and cycling, including picnic tables, barbecues, and four playgrounds. There is also an RV park , Lorne Calvert Campground, formerly known as River Park Campground, which was founded in 1927 and is the longest-running campground in North America. Canoe and kayak rentals are available across the road from the campground. The Moose Jaw Canoe and Kayak Club has been around since
7857-719: The politics of Canadian national identity, the rural myth, and social gospel progressivism The Church of England was especially supportive. However, there was strong hostility toward German-Canadian farmers. Recent Ukrainian immigrants were enemy aliens because of their citizenship in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. A small fraction were taken to internment camps. Most of the internees were unskilled unemployed labourers who were imprisoned "because they were destitute, not because they were disloyal". The price of wheat tripled and acreage seeded doubled. The wartime spirit of sacrifice intensified social reform movements that had predated
7954-552: The potluck and coffee social events that were central to 2SLGBTQ community development, and several landmark pride flag raisings. Tourist attractions include the Tunnels of Moose Jaw, The Moose Jaw Trolley, the Temple Gardens Mineral Spa Resort , The Western Development Museum , Casino Moose Jaw , Moose Jaw Museum and Art Gallery, Yvette Moore Art Gallery, the Murals of Moose Jaw, and the historic downtown. Every July,
8051-410: The production of canola surpassed the production of wheat , which is Saskatchewan's most familiar crop and the one most often associated with the province. The total net income from farming was $ 3.3 billion in 2017, which was $ 0.9 billion less than the income in 2016. Other grains such as flax , rye , oats , peas , lentils , canary seed, and barley are also produced in the province. Saskatchewan
8148-579: The province follows range lines and correction lines of the Dominion Land Survey , laid out by surveyors prior to the Dominion Lands Act homestead program (1880–1928). Saskatchewan is part of the western provinces and is bounded on the west by Alberta , on the north by the Northwest Territories , on the north-east by Nunavut , on the east by Manitoba , and on the south by the U.S. states of Montana and North Dakota . Saskatchewan has
8245-532: The province is derived from the Saskatchewan River . The river is known as ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐘᓂ ᓰᐱᐩ kisiskāciwani-sīpiy ("swift flowing river") in the Cree language . Anthony Henday's spelling was Keiskatchewan , with the modern rendering, Saskatchewan , being officially adopted in 1882, when a portion of the present-day province was designated a provisional district of the North-West Territories . Saskatchewan
8342-690: The province was −56.7 °C (−70.1 °F) in Prince Albert , north of Saskatoon, in February 1893. The effects of climate change in Saskatchewan are now being observed in parts of the province. There is evidence of reduction of biomass in Saskatchewan's boreal forests (as with those of other Canadian prairie provinces ) is linked by researchers to drought-related water stress, stemming from global warming , most likely caused by greenhouse gas emissions . While studies as early as 1988 (Williams, et al., 1988) have shown climate change will affect agriculture,
8439-568: The province. The Regina Cyclone took place in June 1912 when 28 people died in an F4 Fujita scale tornado. Severe and non-severe thunderstorm events occur in Saskatchewan, usually from early spring to late summer. Hail, strong winds and isolated tornadoes are a common occurrence. The hottest temperature ever recorded in Saskatchewan was in July 1937 when the temperature rose to 45 °C (113 °F) in Midale and Yellow Grass . The coldest ever recorded in
8536-629: The remains of 751 unidentified people was found at the former Marieval Indian Residential School , part of the Canadian Indian residential school system . Languages of Saskatchewan (2016): Indigenous and visible minority identity (2021): According to the 2011 Canadian census , the largest ethnic group in Saskatchewan is German (28.6%), followed by English (24.9%), Scottish (18.9%), Canadian (18.8%), Irish (15.5%), Ukrainian (13.5%), French ( Fransaskois ) (12.2%), First Nations (12.1%), Norwegian (6.9%), and Polish (5.8%). As of
8633-524: The southern shore of Lake Athabasca . Southern Saskatchewan contains another area with sand dunes known as the "Great Sand Hills" covering over 300 km (120 sq mi). The Cypress Hills , in the southwestern corner of Saskatchewan and Killdeer Badlands ( Grasslands National Park ), are areas of the province that were unglaciated during the last glaciation period, the Wisconsin glaciation . The province's highest point, at 1,392 m (4,567 ft),
8730-418: The taking of indigenous lands by various governments. The federal and provincial governments have negotiated on numerous land claims, and developed a program of "Treaty Land Entitlement", enabling First Nations to buy land to be taken into reserves with money from settlements of claims. "In 1992, the federal and provincial governments signed an historic land claim agreement with Saskatchewan First Nations. Under
8827-451: The tour. However, Passage to Fortune also circulates misinformation about Chinese Canadians in Moose Jaw. Moose Jaw Tour attendees are called " Coolies " at an early stage of the tour. Tour attendees are then guided through the tunnels from the position of Chinese workers indentured to the fictional laundry owner Mr. Burrows who were forced to live underground. In actuality, early Chinese Canadians were often proprietors of their own laundries,
8924-549: The war and now came to fruition. Saskatchewan gave women the right to vote in 1916 and at the end of 1916 passed a referendum to prohibit the sale of alcohol. In the late 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan , imported from the United States and Ontario, gained brief popularity in nativist circles in Saskatchewan and Alberta. The Klan, briefly allied with the provincial Conservative party because of their mutual dislike for Premier James G. "Jimmy" Gardiner and his Liberals (who ferociously fought
9021-413: Was 43.3 °C (109.9 °F) on 5 July 1937. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −47.8 °C (−54.0 °F) on 4 February 1907. Moose Jaw City Council consists of an elected mayor and six city councillors. From 1881 to 1903 the community was represented by a Town Council and after that by City Council. Moose Jaw City Hall , on the 2nd floor at the old Moose Jaw Post Office (c. 1911), has been
9118-495: Was a Hudson's Bay Company post at Cumberland House , founded in 1774 by Samuel Hearne . The southern part of the province was part of Spanish Louisiana from 1762 until 1802. In 1803, the Louisiana Purchase transferred from France to the United States part of what is now Alberta and Saskatchewan. In 1818, the U.S. ceded the area to Britain. Most of what is now Saskatchewan was part of Rupert's Land and controlled by
9215-414: Was far harsher, especially for the first arrivals who lived in sod houses . However eastern money poured in and by 1913, long term mortgage loans to Saskatchewan farmers had reached $ 65 million. The dominant groups comprised British settlers from eastern Canada and Britain, who comprised about half of the population during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They played the leading role in establishing
9312-625: Was shipped to the U.S. via the Soo Line Railroad . The tunnels were also used for gambling and prostitution, all without interference from the corrupt police. There has long been anecdotal evidence that American mobster Al Capone visited Moose Jaw or had interests in the bootlegging operations. No written or photographic proof exists of Capone's presence, but several firsthand accounts from Moose Javians who claim to have met him have been documented. Capone's grandniece also confirmed he had been in Moose Jaw before his 1931 conviction for tax evasion. In
9409-467: Was significant in the Confederation of Canada . The water supply there was significant for steam locomotives. Settlement began there in 1882, and the city was incorporated in 1903. The railways played an important role in the early development of Moose Jaw, with the city having both a Canadian Pacific Railway Station and a Canadian National Railway Station . A dam was built on the river in 1883 to create
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