The Abbey of Montier-en-Der in Haute-Marne , France , was formerly a Benedictine , later Cluniac , abbey, dissolved during the French Revolution , the grounds and premises of which, since 1806, have been used as the French National Stud Farm .
15-406: The monastery was founded in about 670, in deep oak forest on the banks of the river Voire , at a place that at first still carried its Gallo-Roman name of Puteolus ("little well") in the diocese of Châlons-sur-Marne . The site, which must have been an aristocratic Gallo-Roman villa , to judge from the quality of the ivory diptych found at the site in modern times ( illustration, below right ),
30-532: A river in France is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Haute-Marne Haute-Marne ( French pronunciation: [ot maʁn] ; English: Upper Marne ) is a department in the Grand Est region of Northeastern France . Named after the river Marne , its prefecture is Chaumont . In 2019, it had a population of 172,512. Haute-Marne is one of the original 83 departments created during
45-685: Is a small river in France , in the drainage basin of the Seine . It is 56.2 km (34.9 mi) long. Its source is in Mertrud , in the Haute-Marne department. It flows through Montier-en-Der and Puellemontier , and empties into the river Aube at Chalette-sur-Voire , in the Aube department. This Grand Est geographical article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to
60-594: Is named after the river Marne , whose source is near Langres . This river covers 120 km (75 mi) within the department. The department is to the east of the Parisian basin, and is characterised by a concentric sequence of cliff faces of varying geological origin, oriented northeast–southwest. The most populous commune is Saint-Dizier ; the prefecture Chaumont is the second-most populous. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 3,000 inhabitants: Population development since 1801: The Haute-Marne department
75-704: Is not a famous department but this peaceful territory has numerous interesting places to visit. Indeed, the department was one of the most powerful in French history thanks to metallurgy economy and was a land of confrontations along history. Thus, among other examples, the French Wars of Religion (from 1562 to 1598) began with the Massacre of Vassy in the north of the Haute-Marne department. Following this event, open military conflicts across France Kingdom began. The Edict of Nantes
90-470: Is part of the region of Grand Est and is surrounded by the departments of Meuse , Vosges , Haute-Saône , Côte-d'Or , Aube , and Marne . The highest mountain is Haut-du-Sac, in the Langres Plateau , in the southwest of the department, which rises to a height of 516 m (1,693 ft). The lowest points at 117 m (384 ft) are found on the plains of Perthois and Der . The department
105-725: Is the consequence of this period. The fortified town of Langres , famous for Denis Diderot author of the Encyclopédie , the Renaissance castle of Joinville , the Lake Der-Chantecoq (one of the biggest artificial lake in Europe), the Chateau de Cirey where Voltaire lived for a while with Émilie du Châtelet and the village of Colombey-les-Deux-Églises where Charles De Gaulle lived until his death are all major attractions. Haute-Marne
120-655: The French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Champagne , Burgundy , Lorraine and Franche-Comté . In March 1814 the departmental prefecture , Chaumont, was the unwitting witness to the end of the First Empire . On 1 March, Prussia , Russia , the United Kingdom and Austria signed an accord forbidding any individual peace deal with Napoleon I , and to fight until his final defeat. During World War II , Haute-Marne
135-646: The 930s, when Montier-en-Der accepted the Gorze Reform driven by St. Evre's Abbey, Toul ; some years after, Montier-en-Der accepted the Cluniac Reforms . By the end of the century, the primitive buildings had been replaced; the abbot Adso (960-92) set about rebuilding the ruined church in stone; it was reconsecrated in 998. The severe Carolingian — Romanesque nave contrasts with a Gothic choir illuminated by sixteenth-century stained glass windows. The abbey church retains its sixteenth-century wooden roof, reminding
150-479: The claims that they were intended to support. The charters bear information on popes, kings, and counts, on manorial structures and the obligations of peasant tenants, and on monastic reform. At the time of the Wars of Religion , Montier-en-Der supervised twelve priories, and the abbey was one of the core benefices in the strategy of Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine , who exercised seigneurial powers over twenty-one villages in
165-664: The surrounding countryside. The abbey was secularized at the French Revolution (1790); in 1806 Napoleon established the National Stud Farm ( Le Haras National ) in the grounds of the former monastery, to breed improved horses for the use of the cavalry . The stud farm structures were rebuilt for more modern functionality during the Second Empire . 48°28′41″N 4°46′20″E / 48.47806°N 4.77222°E / 48.47806; 4.77222 River Voire The Voire ( French pronunciation: [vwaʁ] )
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#1732852421174180-407: The visitor that not all churches were provided with stone vaulting . The Early Gothic choir is of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The cartulary of Montier-en-Der, assembled in the 1120s at the height of the monastery's prestige and wealth, is a crucial source of information for the history of west Francia ; among the genuine charters are a number of forgeries that are equally interesting for
195-448: Was a time of eclipse for this monastic community, and when the monastery reemerges in the ninth it was Carolingian property, given by Louis the Pious to the bishop of Reims , and the house was served by canons rather than monks. A monastic refounding was effected by abbot Hauto (827). In the early tenth century, the monks were forced to flee Viking attacks. They were re-established by
210-471: Was at that time in the borderlands of Champagne just north of Burgundy and west of Lorraine . The founder was the monk Bercharius , later canonized; The extensive site, which was part of Bercharius' inheritance, was in the forest of Der; Puteolus , the monasterium in Dervo became Montier-en-Der , which name also came to be applied to the commune that grew up around this important abbey . The eighth century
225-605: Was partitioned under German occupation. The canal which runs from the Marne to the Saône served as a border, dividing the department into east and west. The east was a "reserved zone", intended for the creation of a new German ( Ripuarian ) state, whereas to the west would be the traditional "occupied zone". Haute-Marne was finally liberated by the Allies, in the form of the division of General Leclerc , between August and September 1944. Haute-Marne
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