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74-558: Montezuma Castle National Monument protects a set of well-preserved dwellings located in Camp Verde, Arizona , which were built and used by the Sinagua people, a pre-Columbian culture closely related to the Hohokam and other indigenous peoples of the southwestern United States , between approximately AD 1100 and 1425. The main structure comprises five stories and about 20 rooms and was built over

148-521: A consensus of measurement units of nature's services. Minerals are needed to provide food, clothing, and housing. A United States Geological Survey (USGS) study found a significant long-term trend over the 20th century for non-renewable resources such as minerals to supply a greater proportion of the raw material inputs to the non-fuel, non-food sector of the economy; an example is the greater consumption of crushed stone, sand, and gravel used in construction. Large-scale exploitation of minerals began in

222-417: A cycle of reduced resource availability, increased demand and higher prices due to scarcity, and lower economic growth. Overfishing can lead to habitat and biodiversity loss, through specifically habitat degradation, which has an immense impact on marine/aquatic ecosystems. Habitat loss refers to when a natural habitat cannot sustain/support the species that live in it, and biodiversity loss refers to when there

296-703: A huge effect on ecosystems on the surface. When the most easily recoverable fresh groundwater is removed this leaves a residual with inferior water quality. This is in part from induced leakage from the land surface, confining layers or adjacent aquifers that contain saline or contaminated water. Worldwide the magnitude of groundwater depletion from storage may be so large as to constitute a measurable contributor to sea-level rise. Currently, societies respond to water-resource depletion by shifting management objectives from location and developing new supplies to augmenting conserving and reallocation of existing supplies. There are two different perspectives to groundwater depletion,

370-542: A key role in the climax of the Western Flaming Feather (1952), which was shot on location at the site. The Rocky Slope Residence was designed by well-known Phoenix Valley architect Eddie M. Jones and the residence had strong architectural similarities to the Montezuma Castle Monument. The design and the residence were featured by many magazines including the "Architect Magazine" in 2013. The design

444-415: A leap year). World biocapacity refers to the total amount of natural resources that Earth can regenerate in a year. World ecological footprint refers to the total amount of resource that society consumes in a year, including things like energy, food, water, agricultural land, forest land, etc. Earth Overshoot Day can be calculated for Earth as a whole, but also for each country individually. For example, in

518-580: A middle income country like Morocco, their 2023 country specific overshoot day was December 22, compared to a high income country like the United States of America which consumes a lot more resources, their 2023 country specific overshoot day was March 14. The goal is to push Earth Overshoot Day back far enough to where humanity would be living within Earth's ecological means and not surpassing what it can sustainably provide each year. According to The World Counts,

592-516: A million years ago which is not renewable on human timescales. Of the groundwater used for agriculture, 16–33% is non-renewable. It is estimated that since the 1960s groundwater extraction has more than doubled, which has increased groundwater depletion. Due to this increase in depletion, in some of the most depleted areas use of groundwater for irrigation has become impossible or cost prohibitive. Overusing groundwater, old or young, can lower subsurface water levels and dry up streams, which could have

666-480: A natural alcove that protects it from exposure to the elements. The precariousness of the dwelling's location and its immense scale of floor space across five stories suggest that the Sinagua were daring builders and skilled engineers. Access into the structure was most likely permitted by a series of portable ladders, which made it difficult for enemy tribes to penetrate the natural defense of the vertical barrier. Perhaps

740-477: A neutralizing effect. If a wetland is in between an agricultural zone and a freshwater ecosystem , fertilizer runoff will be absorbed by the wetland and used to fuel the slow processes that occur happen, by the time the water reaches the freshwater ecosystem there will not be enough fertilizer to cause destructive algal blooms that poison freshwater ecosystems. To preserve the resources extracted from wetlands, current strategies are to rank wetlands and prioritize

814-427: A nonrenewable resource on a human timescale and in some environments cannot ever be renewed. Recent studies indicate that global loss of wetlands could be as high as 87% since 1700 AD, with 64% of wetland loss occurring since 1900. Some loss of wetlands resulted from natural causes such as erosion, sedimentation , subsidence , and a rise in the sea level. Wetlands provide environmental services for: Some of

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888-547: A program in order to record and identify any changes in the environment and its inhabitants. An inventory of plants and animals at Montezuma Castle was taken between 1991 and 1994 by researchers from Northern Arizona University and the United States Geological Survey . According to the United States Geological Survey , about 784 species were recorded at Montezuma Castle National Monument, including plants, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Only 11% of

962-407: A source which collects data from a number of organizations, research institutes, and news services, and produces statistical countdown clocks that illustrate the negative trends related to the environment and other global challenges, humanity is in trouble if current consumption patterns continue. At society's current consumption rate, approximately 1.8 Earths are needed in order to provide resources in

1036-471: A sustainable capacity, and there is just under 26 years until resources are depleted to a point where Earth's capacity to support life may collapse. It is also estimated that approximately 29% of all species on Earth are currently at risk of extinction. As well, 25 billion tons of resources have been extracted this year alone, this includes but is not limited to natural resources like fish, wood, metals, minerals, water, and energy. The World Counts shows that there

1110-410: A way to track the use of natural resources over time, hold governments accountable, or compare their environmental conditions to those of another country. Economists want to measure resource depletion to understand how financially reliant countries or corporations are on non-renewable resources, whether this use can be sustained and the financial drawbacks of switching to renewable resources in light of

1184-438: A well, oil field , or geographic area. The Hubbert peak theory makes predictions of production rates based on prior discovery rates and anticipated production rates. Hubbert curves predict that the production curves of non-renewing resources approximate a bell curve . Thus, according to this theory, when the peak of production is passed, production rates enter an irreversible decline. Deforestation or forest clearance

1258-461: Is 15 years until Earth is exhausted of freshwater, and 23 years until there are no more fish in the oceans. They also estimate that 15 billion trees are cut down every year, while only 2 billion trees are planted every year, and that there is only 75 years until rainforests are completely gone. Researchers who produced an update of the Club of Rome 's Limits to Growth report find that many people deny

1332-434: Is 22.6 million cubic kilometers of groundwater available; of this, only 0.35 million of that is renewable. Groundwater is considered to be a non-renewable resource because less than six percent of the water around the world is replenished and renewed on a human timescale of 50 years. People are already using non-renewable water that is thousands of years old, in areas like Egypt they are using water that may have been renewed

1406-863: Is a decrease in the population of a species in a specific area and/or the extinction of a species. Habitat degradation is caused by the depletion of resources, in which human activities are the primary driving force. One major impact that the depletion of fish stocks causes is a dynamic change and erosion to marine food webs, which can ultimately lead to ecosystem collapse because of the imbalance created for other marine species. Overfishing also causes instability in marine ecosystems because these ecosystems are less biodiverse and more fragile. This occurs mainly because, due to overfishing, many fish species are unable to naturally sustain their populations in these damaged ecosystems. Most common causes of overfishing: Wetlands are ecosystems that are often saturated by enough surface or groundwater to sustain vegetation that

1480-636: Is agriculture by far. More than 80% of deforestation was attributed to agriculture in 2018. Forests are being converted to plantations for coffee , palm oil , rubber and various other popular products. Livestock grazing also drives deforestation. Further drivers are the wood industry ( logging ), urbanization and mining . The effects of climate change are another cause via the increased risk of wildfires (see deforestation and climate change ). Deforestation results in habitat destruction which in turn leads to biodiversity loss . Deforestation also leads to extinction of animals and plants, changes to

1554-439: Is also important for the agricultural sector. The reason for this linkage is because the effects of climate change on agriculture pose new risks to global food systems . Overfishing refers to the overconsumption and/or depletion of fish populations which occurs when fish are caught at a rate that exceeds their ability to breed and replenish their population naturally. Regions particularly susceptible to overfishing include

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1628-541: Is bisected by I-17 , extending 8 miles (13 km) to the west and 10 miles (16 km) to the east of the interstate. Highway 260 connects Camp Verde with Payson to the east and Cottonwood to the west. Three freeway exits provide local access: Exits 285, 287, and 289. The town's historic downtown is approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) from I-17 and contains a grocery store, physician facilities, shopping, dining, historical museum, Fort Verde State Historic Park, chamber of commerce/visitor center and town offices. Camp Verde

1702-415: Is concentrated on the non-renewable resources that play the most important role in meeting needs, the most essential element for the realisation of human rights is an adequate and equitable allocation of scarcity. Inequality , taken to its extreme, causes intense discontent, which can lead to social unrest and even armed conflict. Many experts believe that ensuring equitable development is the only sure way to

1776-521: Is located at 34°34′0″N 111°51′22″W  /  34.56667°N 111.85611°W  / 34.56667; -111.85611 (34.5667, -111.8562). According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 42.6 square miles (110 km ), of which 42.6 square miles (110 km ) is land and 0.02% is water. Camp Verde is in the Verde River valley. To the southwest lie

1850-424: Is necessary in developing countries. Depletion accounting also seeks to measure the social value of natural resources and ecosystems . Measurement of social value is sought through ecosystem services , which are defined as the benefits of nature to households, communities and economies. There are many different groups interested in depletion accounting. Environmentalists are interested in depletion accounting as

1924-399: Is the removal and destruction of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms , ranches , or urban use. About 31% of Earth's land surface is covered by forests at present. This is one-third less than the forest cover before the expansion of agriculture, with half of that loss occurring in

1998-428: Is therefore slow to respond to rapid increases in demand. Minerals projected by some to enter production decline during the next 20 years: Minerals projected by some to enter production decline during the present century: Such projections may change, as new discoveries are made and typically misinterpret available data on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves. Oil depletion is the decline in oil production of

2072-463: Is usually adapted to saturated soil conditions, such as cattails , bulrushes , red maples , wild rice , blackberries , cranberries , and peat moss . Because some varieties of wetlands are rich in minerals and nutrients and provide many of the advantages of both land and water environments, they contain diverse species and provide a distinct basis for the food chain . Wetland habitats contribute to environmental health and biodiversity. Wetlands are

2146-629: The 2010 census , the population of the town is 10,873. Every summer, the downtown area of Camp Verde is the site of the annual Corn Fest ; held each year on the third Saturday in July, the popular event is sponsored and organized by local growers, Hauser and Hauser Farms. Other annual local events include the Pecan, Wine and Antiques Festival (February), the Crawdad Festival (June), and Fort Verde Days (October). The 42.6 sq mi (110 km ) town

2220-546: The American Antiquities Act , signed [1] earlier that year. It is one of the four original sites designated National Monuments by President Theodore Roosevelt . Montezuma Castle was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. It is an easy monument to visit, just a short distance off Interstate 17 , at exit 289. There is a 1 ⁄ 3 mile (0.54 km) paved trail starting at

2294-529: The Arizona sycamore , a large hardwood tree native to the Verde Valley. Evidence of permanent dwellings like those at Montezuma Castle begins to appear in the archaeological record of Arizona's Verde Valley about 1050 AD. The first distinctly Sinagua culture may have occupied the region as early as 700 AD. The area was briefly abandoned due to the eruption of Sunset Crater Volcano , about 60 miles (97 km) to

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2368-483: The census of 2000, there were 9,451 people, 2,611 households, and 2,538 families residing in the town. The population density was 222.0 inhabitants per square mile (85.7/km ). There were 3,969 housing units at an average density of 93.2 per square mile (36.0/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 85.1% White , 0.4% Black or African American , 7.3% Native American , 0.2% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 4.7% from other races , and 2.2% from two or more races. 10.9% of

2442-425: The "collective" nature of a complete ecosystem, delineating the borderline of the ecosystem, and defining the extent of possible duplication when the resource interacts in more than one ecosystem. Some economists want to include measurement of the benefits arising from public goods provided by nature, but currently there are no market indicators of value. Globally, environmental economics has not been able to provide

2516-741: The Arctic , coastal east Africa , the Coral Triangle (located between the Pacific and Indian oceans), Central and Latin America , and the Caribbean . The depletion of fish stocks can lead to long-term negative consequences for marine ecosystems, economies, and food security. The depletion of resources hinders economic growth because growing economies leads to increased demand for natural, renewable resources like fish. Thus, when resources are depleted, it initiates

2590-487: The Black Hills mountain range. Camp Verde is surrounded by Prescott National Forest . The Mogollon Rim is just north of the town and forms the southwestern edge of the large, geologically ancient Colorado Plateau . Camp Verde has a cold semi-arid climate ( Köppen : BSk ) with cool winters and very hot summers. Camp Verde's population was 285 in the 1960 census. By the 1980s, the population had grown to 3,824. As of

2664-549: The Industrial Revolution around 1760 in England and has grown rapidly ever since. Technological improvements have allowed humans to dig deeper and access lower grades and different types of ore over that time. Virtually all basic industrial metals ( copper , iron , bauxite , etc.), as well as rare earth minerals , face production output limitations from time to time, because supply involves large up-front investments and

2738-404: The Industrial Revolution, depletion accounting , and the socioeconomic impacts of resource depletion, as well as the morality of resource consumption, how humanity will be impacted and what the future will look like if resource depletion continues at the current rate, Earth Overshoot Day , and when specific resources will be completely exhausted. The depletion of resources has been an issue since

2812-601: The Industrial Revolution, it has only been of major concern since the 1970s. Before this, many people believed in the "myth of inexhaustibility", which also has roots in colonialism. This can be explained as the belief that both renewable and non-renewable natural resources cannot be exhausted because there is seemingly an overabundance of these resources. This belief has caused people to not question resource depletion and ecosystem collapse when it occurred, and continues to prompt society to simply find these resources in areas which have not yet been depleted. In an effort to offset

2886-417: The Sinagua people apparently abandoned their permanent settlements and migrated elsewhere, as did other cultural groups in the southwestern United States around that time. The reasons for abandonment are unclear, but possibilities include drought, resource depletion , and clashes with the newly arrived Yavapai people. Due to the very little human contact since abandonment, Montezuma Castle was well preserved. It

2960-595: The Spiders was filmed in Camp Verde. In the 2011 film Paul , Simon Pegg and Nick Frost plan to visit Camp Verde as a UFO hot spot along with Rachel, Nevada , Area 51 , Apache Junction, Arizona and Roswell, New Mexico . In Cable #7 , Camp Verde is a bunker headquarters of the X-Force. Resource depletion Resource depletion also brings up topics regarding its history, specifically its roots in colonialism and

3034-471: The beginning of the 19th century amidst the First Industrial Revolution . The extraction of both renewable and non-renewable resources increased drastically, much further than thought possible pre-industrialization, due to the technological advancements and economic development that lead to an increased demand for natural resources. Although resource depletion has roots in both colonialism and

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3108-439: The community. Greyhound Lines serves Camp Verde on its Phoenix–Las Vegas and Los Angeles–New York routes. Groome Transportation serves Camp Verde on its Phoenix–Sedona and Phoenix-Flagstaff routes. Camp Verde is located at the junction of Interstate 17 and Arizona State Route 260 . The Marvel Comics superhero characters James and John Proudstar are from a reservation in Camp Verde. The 1977 horror movie Kingdom of

3182-401: The conservation of wetlands with more environmental services, create more efficient irrigation for wetlands being used for agriculture, and restricting access to wetlands by tourists. Water is an essential resource needed for survival. Water access has a profound influence on a society's prosperity and success. Groundwater is water that is in saturated zones underground, the upper surface of

3256-572: The course of three centuries. Several Hopi clans and Yavapai communities trace their ancestries to early immigrants from the Montezuma Castle/Beaver Creek area. Archaeological evidence proves that the Hohokam and Hakataya settled around or in the Verde Valley . Clan members periodically return to these ancestral homes for religious ceremonies. Neither part of the monument's name is correct. When European-Americans first observed

3330-408: The depleting resources. Depletion accounting is complex to implement as nature is not as quantifiable as cars, houses, or bread. For depletion accounting to work, appropriate units of natural resources must be established so that natural resources can be viable in the market economy. The main issues that arise when trying to do so are, determining a suitable unit of account, deciding how to deal with

3404-554: The depletion of resources, theorists have come up with the concept of depletion accounting. Related to green accounting , depletion accounting aims to account for nature's value on an equal footing with the market economy. Resource depletion accounting uses data provided by countries to estimate the adjustments needed due to their use and depletion of the natural capital available to them. Natural capital refers to natural resources such as mineral deposits or timber stocks. Depletion accounting factors in several different influences such as

3478-425: The existence of the problem of scarcity , including many leading scientists and politicians. This may be due, for example, to an unwillingness to change one's own consumption patterns or to share scarce natural resources more equally, or to a psychological defence mechanism. The scarcity of resources raises a central moral problem concerning the distribution and allocation of natural resources. Competition means that

3552-660: The first is that depletion is considered literally and simply as a reduction in the volume of water in the saturated zone, regardless of water quality considerations. A second perspective views depletion as a reduction in the usable volume of fresh groundwater in storage. Augmenting supplies can mean improving water quality or increasing water quantity. Depletion due to quality considerations can be overcome by treatment, whereas large volume metric depletion can only be alleviated by decreasing discharge or increasing recharge. Artificial recharge of storm flow and treated municipal wastewater, has successfully reversed groundwater declines. In

3626-447: The floodplain. Their solution was to build a permanent structure in the high recess afforded by the limestone cliff. The walls of Montezuma Castle are examples of early stone-and-mortar masonry, constructed almost entirely from chunks of limestone found at the base of the cliff, as well as mud and/or clay from the creek bottom. The ceilings of the rooms also incorporated sectioned timbers as a kind of roof thatching, obtained primarily from

3700-507: The future improved infiltration and recharge technologies will be more widely used to maximize the capture of runoff and treated wastewater. Earth Overshoot Day (EOD) is the date when humanity's demand for ecological resources exceeds Earth's ability to regenerate these resources in a given year. EOD is calculated by the Global Footprint Network, and organization that develops annual impact reports, based on data bout resource use in

3774-543: The last century. Between 15 million to 18 million hectares of forest, an area the size of Bangladesh , are destroyed every year. On average 2,400 trees are cut down each minute. Estimates vary widely as to the extent of deforestation in the tropics . In 2019, nearly a third of the overall tree cover loss, or 3.8 million hectares, occurred within humid tropical primary forests . These are areas of mature rainforest that are especially important for biodiversity and carbon storage . The direct cause of most deforestation

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3848-483: The local climate, and displacement of indigenous people who live in forests. Deforested regions often also suffer from other environmental problems such as desertification and soil erosion . Another problem is that deforestation reduces the uptake of carbon dioxide ( carbon sequestration ) from the atmosphere. This reduces the potential of forests to assist with climate change mitigation . The role of forests in capturing and storing carbon and mitigating climate change

3922-508: The main reason the Sinagua chose to build the Castle so far above the ground, however, was to escape the threat of natural disaster in the form of the annual flooding of Beaver Creek. During the summer monsoon season , the creek frequently breached its banks, inundating the floodplain with water. The Sinagua recognized the importance of these floods to their agriculture, but likely also the potential destruction they presented to any structures built in

3996-489: The middle 1100s AD with remodeling and additions in the last decades of the 1200s. A neighboring segment of the same cliff wall suggests there was an even larger dwelling ("Castle A") around the same time, of which only the stone foundations have survived. Its discovery in 1933 revealed many Sinagua artifacts and greatly increased understanding of their way of life. The latest estimated date of occupation for any Sinagua site comes from Montezuma Castle, around 1425 AD. After this,

4070-467: The most advanced get the most resources, which often means the developed West. The problem here is that the West has developed partly through colonial slave labour and violence, and partly through protectionist policies, which together have left many other, non-Western countries underdeveloped. In the future, international cooperation in sharing scarce resources will become increasingly important. Where scarcity

4144-403: The north, in the mid-11th century. Although the short-term impact may have been destructive, nutrient-rich sediment deposited by the volcano may have aided more expansive agriculture in later decades. During the interim, the Sinagua lived in the surrounding highlands and sustained themselves on small-scale agriculture dependent on rain. After 1125, the Sinagua resettled the Verde Valley , using

4218-408: The number of years until resource exhaustion, the cost of resource extraction, and the demand for the resource. Resource extraction industries make up a large part of the economic activity in developing countries . This, in turn, leads to higher levels of resource depletion and environmental degradation in developing countries. Theorists argue that the implementation of resource depletion accounting

4292-606: The nutrient rich vegetation. Wetlands in Southern America also prove a fruitful resource for poachers , as animals with valuable hides such a jaguars , maned wolves , caimans , and snakes are drawn to wetlands. The effect of the removal of large predators is still unknown in South African wetlands. Humans benefit from wetlands in indirect ways as well. Wetlands act as natural water filters, when runoff from either natural or man-made processes pass through, wetlands can have

4366-435: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 2,611 households, out of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.7% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

4440-441: The previous year. EOD is announced each year on June 5, which is World Environment Day, and continues to get earlier each year. For example, Earth Overshoot Day 2023 was August 2, compared to in 2010 where it fell on August 10 and in 2000 where it fell on September 17. The Global Footprint Network calculates Earth Overshoot Day by dividing world biocapacity by world ecological footprint and multiplying that by 365 days (366 days during

4514-460: The reliable watershed of the Verde River alongside irrigation systems left by previous inhabitants, perhaps including Hohokam peoples, to support more widespread farming. The region's population likely peaked around 1300 AD, with the Castle housing between 30 and 50 people in at least 20 rooms. Radiocarbon dates from multiple construction beams show that the cliff dwelling was probably constructed in

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4588-518: The ruins in the 1860s, by then long-abandoned, they named them for the famous Aztec emperor Montezuma in the mistaken belief that he had been connected to their construction (see also Montezuma mythology ). Having no connections to the Aztecs , the Montezuma Castle was given that name due to the fact that the public had this image of the Aztecs creating any archaeological site. In fact, the dwelling

4662-469: The saturated zone is called the water table. Groundwater is held in the pores and fractures of underground materials like sand, gravel and other rock, these rock materials are called aquifers. Groundwater can either flow naturally out of rock materials or can be pumped out. Groundwater supplies wells and aquifers for private, agricultural, and public use and is used by more than a third of the world's population every day for their drinking water. Globally there

4736-460: The species were non-native. Common species include bats, snakes, turtles, lizards, frogs, foxes, owls and mice. The monument itself encloses 860 acres near the geographic center of Arizona and the intersection of the Colorado Plateau and Basin and Range physiographic provinces. The dwellings and the surrounding area were declared a U.S. National Monument on December 8, 1906 as a result of

4810-462: The tools they used to build the dwellings. The museum houses many artifacts, such as stone tools, metates used for grinding corn, bone needles, and ornaments of shell and gemstone, which prove that the Sinagua were fine artisans as well as prolific traders. There is also a Park Store operated by Western National Parks Association. Montezuma Well, a natural limestone sinkhole, measuring approximately 100 by 120 yards, also containing Sinagua dwellings,

4884-563: The town is Fort Verde State Historic Park , Verde Valley Archaeology Center , and the Out of Africa Wildlife Park . The Cliff Castle Casino , operated by the Yavapai-Apache Nation , is an important gambling destination for north and central Arizona. Fort Verde State Historic Park is located in Camp Verde's Historic Downtown, approximately 1-mile (1.6 km) from each of the three Camp Verde exits. Camp Verde Unified School District serves

4958-446: The town was $ 31,868, and the median income for a family was $ 37,049. Males had a median income of $ 30,104 versus $ 20,306 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 15,072. About 9.5% of families and 14.0% of the population were below the poverty line , including 21.2% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over. Tourist attractions include the nearby Montezuma Castle National Monument located in Verde Valley . In

5032-408: The visitor center that follows the base of the cliff containing the ruins. Access to the interior of the ruins has not been allowed since 1951 due to concerns about visitor safety and damage to the dwelling. About 400,000 tourists visit the site each year. The park is open from 8am to 5pm every day of the year, except for Christmas Day. The visitor center includes a museum about the Sinagua culture and

5106-445: The world's most successful agricultural areas are wetlands that have been drained and converted to farmland for large-scale agriculture. Large-scale draining of wetlands also occurs for real estate development and urbanization . In contrast, in some cases wetlands are also flooded to be converted to recreational lakes or hydropower generation. In some countries ranchers have also moved their property onto wetlands for grazing due to

5180-409: Was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.97. In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.2 males. The median income for a household in

5254-543: Was abandoned more than 40 years before Montezuma was born, and was not a "castle" in the traditional sense, but instead functioned more like a "prehistoric high rise apartment complex". Montezuma Castle is situated about 90 feet (27 m) up a sheer limestone cliff, facing the adjacent Beaver Creek, which drains into the perennial Verde River just north of Camp Verde . It is one of the best-preserved cliff dwellings in North America, in part because of its ideal placement in

5328-535: Was completed and approved by the City of Phoenix in 2007 and construction was completed by 2009. As seen in the photos, the house design has a strong resemblance to the curved walls of Montezuma Castle as well as the layered structure. Notes Bibliography Camp Verde, Arizona Camp Verde ( Yavapai : ʼMatthi:wa ; Western Apache : Gambúdih ) is a town in Yavapai County , Arizona , United States. As of

5402-496: Was heavily looted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, though other Sinagua sites have remained more or less intact. Because of the rise in settlers, tourists and industries in or surrounding Montezuma Castle, the monument and even Verde Valley have been threats to the preservation of Montezuma Castle. Due to the lack of basic knowledge on the natural resources of the national parks, the National Park Service created

5476-409: Was purchased by the federal government in 1947 and is considered a detached unit of Montezuma Castle National Monument. It is located about 5 miles north of the Castle near the town of Rimrock, Arizona , accessible from exits 293 and 298 off Interstate 17. Montezuma Castle National Monument has a cold semi-arid climate ( Köppen : BSk ) with cool winters and very hot summers. Montezuma Castle plays

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