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24-755: Monieka is on the north shore of the Busira River in Bolomba Territory of the Province of Équateur . It faces the Boende Territory in Tshuapa province to the south of the river. It lies between Busira to the west and Bokote to the east. It is at an elevation of about 339 metres (1,112 ft). The village gives its name to the Monieka Health Zone. As was common in the area, the fishing village of Monieka

48-832: A four-year course partly in the Mongo language and partly in French . A print of the Head of Christ by Warner Sallman arrived at the Monieka mission in 1947, where it was used in religious pageants. Busira River The Busira River is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is the main tributary of the Ruki River , which in turn is a tributary of the Congo River . The Busira may be seen as

72-437: A large swath of relatively intact rainforest and its important habitat for many rare species. In 1999, the site has been listed as endangered due to poaching and housing construction. Following the improvement in its state of conservation, the site was removed from the endangered list in 2021. The park is in an area of rainforest about halfway between Kinshasa , the capital, and Kisangani . There are no roads and most of

96-659: A post at Bomputu on the Lengué (Salonga) River, and posts at Balalondzy, Ivulu and Ivuku on the Momboyo River . The post at Monieka formally established in 1901. The Protestants established a mission at Monieka in 1912. The American doctor Louis Jaggard (1877–1951) at the Monieka mission spoke in 1917 with scorn of the 30 or so traders at Bussira, 4 miles (6.4 km) away, who came to him for treatment. He called them "low down white trash". A rebellion that began in Sankuru in 1920 spread to

120-414: A result, the national park protects a highly biodiverse and unique ecosystem. Of 735 identified plant species in the southwestern part of the park, 85% rely on animals to disperse their seeds, a process called zoochory . Many large mammals are found within the park at relatively high densities, including Bongo antelopes , black-crested mangabeys , leopards , and bonobos . The southern region has been

144-537: Is a national park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo located in the Congo River basin. It is Africa's largest tropical rainforest reserve covering about 36,000 km or 3,600,000 hectares (8,900,000 acres). It extends into the provinces of Mai Ndombe , Equateur , Kasaï and Sankuru . In 1984, the national park was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List for its protection of

168-635: Is co-managed by the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature and the World Wide Fund for Nature since 2015. Extensive consultation is ongoing, with the two main populations living within the park; the Iyaelima, the last remaining residents of the park and the Kitawalistes , a religious sect who installed them-self in the park just after its creation. An intense collaboration exists between

192-605: The Bloc de la Busira-Momboyo , created in 1901, along the Busira and Momboyo rivers. This property of 1,041,373 hectares (2,573,290 acres) was exploited by the SAB. In 1904, in the last months before the concession was taken back by the state, the SAB harvested 50 tons of dry rubber, of which 6 were from Ikelemba, 34 from Busira and 10 from Salonga Lomela. Salonga National Park Salonga National Park ( French : Parc National de la Salonga )

216-568: The Busira and Momboyo before they join to form the Ruki. Swamps cover 55,000 hectares (140,000 acres) on the Busira between 19°00'E and 19°27'E. The Busira River feeds the Mbandaka flooded forests, and floods 925 square kilometres (357 sq mi). Edaphic savannas, small herbaceous clearings on sandy, or loamy to clayey soil, are found beside the channels of the Busira River. They are separated from

240-648: The Busira to gather rubber, often killing those who resisted or fell short of quotas. As of 1 January 1894 the Société anonyme belge pour le commerce du Haut-Congo (SAB) had 83 factories and posts, including some in the French territory to the west of the Congo and Ubangi rivers. A map shows the company had posts along the upper Ruki River (i.e. the Busira) at Bilakamba , Bombimba , Bussira Manene , Moniaca, Bocoté and Yolongo . It also had

264-405: The French territory to the west of the Congo and Ubangi rivers. A map shows the company had posts along the upper Ruki River at Bilakamba , Bombimba , Bussira Manene , Moniaca , Bocoté and Yolongo . It also had a post at Bomputu on the Lengué (Salonga) River, and posts at Balalondzy, Ivulu and Ivuku on the Momboyo River . The Compagnie du Congo pour le Commerce et l'Industrie (CCCI)

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288-558: The SAB's Bus Bloc concession on the Upper Busira. The rebels attacked state posts, trading stations, factories, homes and a Catholic chapel. The military arrived in March 1921 and over the next five months killed at least 115 rebels. A 1947 account described Monieka as an 89 acres (36 ha) clearing holding a bush mission founded and operated by the Disciples of Christ from Indianapolis in

312-669: The Salonga National Park to its confluence with the Busira River . The Salonga National Park was established as the Tshuapa National Park in 1956, and gained its present boundaries with a 1970 presidential decree by President Mobutu Sese Seko . It was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. Due to the civil war in the eastern half of the country, it was added to the List of World Heritage in Danger in 1999. The park

336-480: The United States. The mission served a territory of 17,500 square miles (45,000 km) with 60,000 inhabitants who lived by hunting, fishing and growing vegetables in gardens. There were five adult missionaries, one of whom was a doctor, and five children. They lived in a row of four brick houses with tin roofs. The mission ran a residential school for 450 male and 100 female students from 6 to 30 years of age, giving

360-574: The location for studies of bonobos in the wild. There are much higher populations of bonobos near the Iyaelima settlements than elsewhere in the park, apparently because the Iyaelima do not harm them and are playing a strong role in their conservation. Despite hunting pressure, a viable population of forest elephants survive in the park. Other than bonobo, park is home to several species primates such as Dryas monkey , Thollon's red colobus , Allen's swamp monkey , golden-bellied mangabey , red-tailed monkey , Potto , dwarf bushbaby. Other mammals in

384-568: The nearby Salonga National Park . They are the main source of bushmeat in the markets of Mbandaka , where the Ruki River joins the Congo River. The Busira forms in the heart of the central depression of the Congo Basin . Rainfall here averages 2,000 millimetres (79 in) annually, with no dry season. The Tshuapa and Lomela tributaries both run through wide belts of swampland. There are swamps on

408-553: The park guards and the Iyaelima, as Iyaelima villages are used as guard posts. It is known that bonobo densities are highest around Iyaelima villages which shows that they cause no threat to the park's emblematic species. Located in the center of the Congo Basin , Salonga National Park protects the largest rainforest in Africa and the second largest in the world. The large size and ecological complexity of this rainforest has allowed species and communities to evolve relatively undisturbed. As

432-527: The park include the long-tailed pangolin , giant pangolin , tree pangolin , Congo clawless otter , spotted-necked otter , Angolan kusimanse , aquatic genet , hippopotamus , the African golden cat , red river hog , blue duiker , yellow-backed duiker , sitatunga , bushbuck , water chevrotain and forest buffalo . There are many bird species present within the park, including the cattle egret , black stork and yellow-billed stork . The Congo peafowl ,

456-569: The park is accessible only by river. Sections of the national park are almost completely inaccessible and have never been systematically explored. The southern region inhabited by the Iyaelima people is accessible via the Lokoro River , which flows through the center and northern parts of the park, and the Lula River in the south . The Salonga River meanders in a generally northwest direction through

480-412: The river by a strip of gallery forest. They form on old sandbanks or dried out lagoons left behind when the river changed course. The vegetation is dominated by Hyparrhenia diplandra . The savannas are transitional and gradually disappear as they are invaded by the forest. As of 1 January 1894 the Société anonyme belge pour le commerce du Haut-Congo (SAB) had 83 factories and posts, including some in

504-592: The upper reach of the Ruki River. It is navigable year round. The Busira River forms a few miles west of Boende where the Lomela River joins the Tshuapa River from the left. The Busira receives the Salonga River 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) upstream from Lotoko . The Momboyo River joins the Busira River from the left to form the Ruki River above Ingende . The Busira is 305 kilometres (190 mi) long, and

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528-577: The whole Ruki-Busira waterway is 408 kilometres (254 mi) long. The Ruki–Busira can be navigated year round, since the depth is always more than 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) and reaches 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in the flood period. High water is in March-April and November. Low water is in February and June-July. Villages along the Busira River include Lingunda, Boleke, Bokote and Loolo. These have markets for wild animals and for forest products from

552-490: Was given the right to 150,000 hectares (120,000 acres) of land in return for its services in studying the Matadi-Léopoldville Railway project. The Compagnie du chemin de fer du Congo (CFC) was given 1,500 hectares (3,700 acres) of land for every 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) of line put into operation, as well as a strip 200 metres (660 ft) wide along the railway. The CCCI and CFC lands were mostly grouped into

576-414: Was paired with the farming village of Ekonda-Moke, and the two villages traded their produce. The people came together for dances, games and festivals, and intermarried. The Belgians arrived towards the end of the 19th century in a steamboat. At first the local people tried to drive them away, but quickly learned the superior power of modern guns. The Belgians used extreme force to compel the villages along

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