Mondzish ( Mangish ) is a small group of languages that constitute the most divergent branch of the Lolo–Burmese languages in the classification of Lama (2012). The Mondzish languages are spoken in Funing, Guangnan, Malipo, and Napo counties of China and Hà Giang and Cao Bang provinces of northern Vietnam. The autonyms of Mondzish-speaking peoples often begins with *man-. Lama (2012) considers *man- to be cognate with Mán (蛮), which is an ancient Chinese exonym for non-Chinese peoples to the south.
5-712: Mondzish languages are spoken in Wenshan Prefecture , Yunnan , China and across the border in Hà Giang Province , Vietnam. According to Hsiu (2014), Kathu is related. Hsiu (2014:73) classifies the Mondzish languages as follows. Additional languages from Hsiu (2017) are also included. A revised classification of Mondzish languages by Hsiu (2018) is as follows. Lama (2012) lists the following sound changes from Proto-Loloish as Mondzish innovations. Wenshan Prefecture Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture
10-475: A local saying, "Han and Hui live by the market, Zhuang and Dai live by the water, Miao and Yi live on the mountains, and Yao live among the valleys." ( 汉族、回族住街头，壮族、傣族住水头，苗族、彝族住山头，瑶族住箐头。 ) Some of Wenshan's ethnic groups include: Yunnan (1979) lists Jiazhou 甲州 (pop. 475), Longjiang 龙降 (pop. 54), Tusi 土司 (pop. 134), and Bendi 本地 (pop. 7) as Zhuang subgroups of unknown linguistic affiliation. The Wenshan Prefecture Gazetteer ( 文山壮族苗族自治州志 ) (2000) and
15-619: Is 2,016,089, accounting for 57.31% of the total population. The Wenshan Prefecture Gazetteer 文山壮族苗族自治州志 (2000) lists the following Gelao ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture. The Gelao of Wenshan are also locally known as the Laobazi 老巴子 or Bazi 巴子 . The prefecture has been inhabited for at least 4000 years, as evidenced by surviving neolithic rock art in Malipo County . The seat of Guangnan , known today as Liancheng ( 莲城镇 ),
20-404: Is an autonomous prefecture in southeastern Yunnan Province , People's Republic of China, and is the easternmost prefecture-level division of the province. It borders Baise , Guangxi , to the east, Vietnam's Hà Giang Province to the south for 438 kilometres (272 mi), Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture to the west, and Qujing to the north. Wenshan is highly diverse. According to
25-528: The Wenshan Prefecture Ethnic Gazetteer ( 文山壮族苗族自治州志 ) (2005) list the following Yi ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture. The Wenshan Prefecture Gazetteer ( 文山壮族苗族自治州志 ) (2000) lists the following Yao ethnic subdivisions in Wenshan Prefecture. Among the resident population, the Han population is 1,501,852, accounting for 42.69% of the total population; the ethnic minorities population
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