92-677: Mittagong ( / m ɪ t ə ɡ ɒ ŋ / ) is a town located in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales , Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire . The town acts as the gateway to the Southern Highlands when coming from Sydney. Mittagong is situated at an elevation of 635 metres (2,083 ft). The town is close to Bowral , Berrima , Moss Vale and the Northern Villages such as Yerrinbool and Colo Vale . Moreover, Mittagong
184-570: A distance of 16 kilometres (10 mi) from the Pheasants Nest bridge over the Nepean River to Yerrinbool , before dropping slightly before the final climb to reach the tablelands at Aylmerton , a climb of over 430 metres (1,410 ft) in 25 kilometres (16 mi). Governor Lachlan Macquarie ordered the construction of a road, which became known as the Great South Road (the basis of
276-651: A new shopping complex was opened alongside the Highlands Marketplace known as the Highlands Hub . It has as of 2017 many shops and Service NSW being the RMS. The town lies between three small mountain reserves, Mount Alexandra 780 metres (2,560 ft) above sea level , Mount Gibraltar 888 metres (2,913 ft) above sea level and Ninety Acre Hill (part of the greater Gibbergunyah Reserve) 800 metres (2,600 ft) above sea level. Popular among locals and visitors
368-561: A new trail from Mitchellstown through Kilmore to Melbourne, a route that took a day and a half off the previous journey. The bulk of Bonney's track formed the Sydney Road for the next 139 years. and was especially surveyed in 1840. In 1914, both the Victorian and NSW sections of the highway were declared main roads by their respective state road authorities. Within Victoria, the passing of
460-631: A nine-hole golf course, two tennis courts, croquet, lawn bowls, billiards, fishing, hunting, horseback riding, and an onsite mechanic who looked after guest's cars during their stay. The hotel won the "Most luxurious hotel in the Commonwealth" award in 1925, and was the first hotel in Australia to have phone lines to every room. The Highlands in the last decade has become a small yet significantly growing wine and cellar door region in New South Wales. It
552-532: A reputation of being an upscale area due to its upscale-style accommodation which include reputable resorts such as Craigieburn, Briars, Berida Manor House and Peppers Manor House . Each of these places are historical and have a historic significance to the local area. Home of the Big Potato and Fountaindale Grand Manor "AKA" Ranelagh House. Fountaindale Grand Manor, originally built in 1924 and opened as Hotel Robertson, has had an interesting history. The Hotel boasted
644-474: A service six days a week to Greater Sydney (Campelltown, Liverpool and Parramatta) and to the Shoalhaven and South Coast of New South Wales. Mittagong has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Climate data for Mittagong are sourced at nearby Bowral (Parry Drive), in operation from 1961 to 2015. Summers are warm to mild, whereas winters are cool and spring is generally dry. Shorter-term data are found at
736-503: A wide array of retailers and antique shops. Notably, Mittagong is close to many of the Southern Highland's wineries and cellar doors. The wineries have established themselves in the region since the 1980s due to the soil and climate of Mittagong which is believed to be perfect for viticulture . Mittagong is home to an abandoned historical building complex known as "The Maltings". In the past, The Maltings served as malthouses for
828-583: Is a canopy walkway located south-east of Robertson in the area known as Knights Hill . The facility is a 500m long and 25m high walk facility that opened in mid-2008. The project is similar to the Otway Fly Tree Top Walk in Victoria, Australia . The project consists of a 1500m walk. Moreover, 500m of the 1500m walk is 25m high among the Blackwoods and many other trees of the temperate rainforest of
920-637: Is a small man made lake, Lake Alexandra, that feeds into the nearby Nattai River . Lookouts are available at all three reserves for viewing. Lookouts on Mount Gibraltar include Bowral Lookout, Mittagong Lookout and Mount Jellore Lookout. Lookouts on Mount Alexandra include Katoomba Lookout and Box Vale Track Lookout. Gibbergunyah Reserve include the Gib Lookout and Ninety Acre Hill Lookout. Mount Gibraltar can also be seen up close when travelling to Bowral from Mittagong along Bowral Road. The Southern Highlands Shale Forest and Woodland vegetation community lies within
1012-516: Is also home to the Sir Donald Bradman or Bradman Museum. The Bradman Museum is a tribute museum to Australian cricketer Sir Donald Bradman who grew up in and spent his early life in Bowral until his fame. The museum contains artifacts of Bradman's life and also serves as a museum of cricket and contains historical cricket memorabilia. The museum is located adjacent to Bradman Oval where
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#17328511549511104-472: Is believed that temperate climate, high annual rainfall as well as quality basalt soil makes it a perfect place for viticulture . There are many reputable wineries and vineyards that are located in the Highlands such as Joadja Estate, Bendooley Estate, Centennial Winery, St Maur Wines, Southern Highland Wines, and Eling Forest Winery. Some of these wineries have won awards nationally as well as internationally for
1196-842: Is called the Hume Highway in metropolitan Sydney, the Hume Motorway between the Cutler Interchange and Berrima , the Hume Highway elsewhere in New South Wales and the Hume Freeway in Victoria . It is part of the Auslink National Network and is a vital link for road freight to transport goods to and from the two cities as well as serving Albury–Wodonga and Canberra . It is therefore considered to be Australia's longest highway in terms of its dual-carriageway standard retaining
1288-542: Is categorised as a freeway by government roads authority VicRoads , although a few intersections along the route are not yet grade-separated. The speed limit on the full length of the highway is 110 km/h (68.4 mph). As Hume Freeway approaches Melbourne at the suburb of Craigieburn , 27 kilometres (17 mi) north of the Melbourne central business district , the Craigieburn Bypass now diverts Hume Freeway (and
1380-573: Is deeply dissected by the Nepean River and its tributaries. The route of the Highway, by using four high-level bridges to cross these gorges, avoids the Razorback Range, and has minimal earthworks . The climb from the western side of the Nepean River at Menangle up to Mittagong is fairly sustained, a fact that is hard to appreciate at high speed on the modern freeway. The highway climbs non-stop over
1472-455: Is home to many wineries of the Southern Highlands which has been a recent growing wine and cellar door region. The name "Mittagong" is said to come from an Aboriginal word meaning "little mountain". Other suggested meanings are "a companion" and "plenty of native dogs", as the Mittagong range was home to many dingos at one time. The first European permanent settler in the Mittagong district
1564-758: The Australian Cricket Team play a friendly game annually. Fitzroy Falls is a waterfall found in the Morton National Park near the Highlands' village of the same name, Fitzroy Falls , and located near Kangaroo Valley . The Fitroy Falls reserve offers lookouts of the waterfall and of panoramic views of the Morton National Park. The waterfall and village is located near the lake Fitzroy Reservoir . The waterfall's and lake's reserve includes lookouts, bushwalking trails and picnic areas. The Illawarra Fly Tree Top Walk , also known as Illawarra Fly
1656-605: The Budderoo National Park and Illawarra Escarpment . In addition, the project has a 45m high lookout along with the walk that offers panoramic views far south to Bass Point and as far as north to Bundeena which is part of south of the Sutherland Shire . Other views include Wollongong , Lake Illawarra , Tasman Sea , Shellharbour , Kiama and other localities of the South Coast , as well as various localities of
1748-1115: The Country Roads Act of 1912 through the Parliament of Victoria provided for the establishment of the Country Roads Board (later VicRoads ) and their ability to declare Main Roads, taking responsibility for the management, construction and care of the state's major roads from local municipalities. (Main) Sydney Road was declared a Main Road over a period of months, from 7 September 1914 ( Baddaginnie through Benalla to Glenrowan ), 5 October 1914 ( Springhurst through Chiltern to Barnawartha ), 16 November 1914 (through Craigieburn , Broadford and Euroa ), to 30 November 1914 (from Craigieburn through Wallan and Kimore to Broadford, from Broadford through Seymour to Euroa, Euroa through Violet Town to Baddaginne, Glenrowan through Wangaratta to Springhurst, and finally Barnawartha through Wodonga to
1840-482: The Highlands Marketplace was opened. The complex is located on the Old Hume Highway towards Welby . The building has retail franchises such as Big W , Woolworths , Priceline and many others. It is built upon the original iron works site dating back to the 1800s. There is a display of some of the original remains of this historical site in the carpark, interpretive signs recording the history. In November 2008,
1932-507: The Moss Vale and Marulan districts, but this was not followed up. Any settlement would have to await the construction of an adequate access track, which would have been beyond the colony's resources at the time, and would have served little purpose as a source of supplies for Sydney, due to the time taken to reach Sydney. In 1804, Charles Throsby penetrated through the Bargo brush to the country on
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#17328511549512024-720: The Nepean (three times), Wingecarribee , Paddys , Murrumbidgee , Murray , Ovens , King and Goulburn rivers. The Hume also crosses the Prospect , Jugiong , and Tarcutta creeks. In New South Wales all towns on the highway have been bypassed. From Sydney, southwards to the Victorian border, the bypassed towns include Campbelltown , Camden , Picton , Mittagong , Berrima , Marulan , Goulburn , Gunning , Yass , Bowning , Bookham , Jugiong , Coolac , Gundagai , Tarcutta , Holbrook , Woomargama , Albury and Young . In Victoria all towns have been bypassed. They are, in order from
2116-532: The Northern Villages used to be known as the Berrima District . Berrima contains many historic buildings including the historical Berrima Gaol and Courthouse which is no longer in use today as well as many other historical buildings. Bowral is considered the commercial centre of the Highlands and may be the most well-known towns of the Highlands. Bowral is well known for its boutiques , gourmet restaurants, Corbett Gardens and Springetts Arcade . The town
2208-636: The Welby ramp. Mittagong railway station is served by the Southern Highlands Line with regular services to and from Sydney and Moss Vale , with some services extending Goulburn . Long-distance services to Canberra and Melbourne also stop at the station. The town is also home to the bus company Berrima Buslines depot. Berrima Buslines services the entire Wingecarribee Shire . A number of long-distance coach operators service Mittagong for Canberra, Melbourne and Adelaide. Priors Scenic Express operates
2300-747: The Wingecarribee Shire are spread in between and around these main centres and serve mostly as residential areas. The Highlands geographically sits between 500 m and 900 m above sea level on the Great Dividing Range . Like other regions along this plateau such as the Blue Mountains to the north and the Australian Alps to the south, the Southern Highlands is known for its cool temperate climate. The Southern Highlands Shale Forest and Woodland and Blue Mountains and Southern Highlands Basalt Forests vegetation communities lie primarily within
2392-511: The local government area of the Wingecarribee Shire and also towns of the Mulwaree Shire . The region is also considered a wine region . The region specifically is the area centred on the commercial towns of Mittagong , Bowral , Moss Vale , Bundanoon and Robertson as well as the historic town of Berrima . Smaller villages like Burradoo , Sutton Forest , Colo Vale , Avoca , Yerrinbool , Exeter , Welby and many more that make up
2484-535: The "Village of Fitzroy" (now Welby), and in May 1865 a subdivision consisting of 245 blocks was offered for sale in the township of "New Sheffield" an area which substantially coincided with the central portion of the present Mittagong, being subdivided by the Fitzroy Iron Mining Company. The area between the present-day Lyell and Pioneer Streets was called Nattai and was the postal township for many years before
2576-528: The 1970s became known as Renwick and catered for boys and girls, and was situated along Bong Bong Road. Two homes were located along the Old Southern Road near Diamond Fields Road. An apology was issued by the NSW Government in 2013 for the cruel practices suffered by many of the children who spent time in this institution. The institutions alumni are now in the process of having one of the homes donated by
2668-502: The Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria. The highway's national route is divided into four sections comprising, from north to south, urban stretches of the highway in Sydney, a motorway from the outskirts of Sydney to the Southern Highlands , a grade-separated highway in regional New South Wales and across the state border, and a freeway throughout regional Victoria and into
2760-492: The Hume Highway itself at Campbellfield. This ceased to be the designated route of Hume Highway in 1992, with the completion of Stage 1 of the Western Ring Road, at which point the designation of the southbound highway was truncated. The former highway south from the Western Ring Road to Elizabeth Street is route is now numbered as Metropolitan Route 55 and is now officially called Sydney Road . Heading north from Melbourne,
2852-747: The M, or motorway, alphanumeric. At its Sydney end, Hume Highway begins at Parramatta Road , in Ashfield . This route is numbered as A22. The first 31 kilometres (19 mi) of the highway was known as Liverpool Road until August 1928 , when it was renamed as part of Hume Highway, as part of the creation of the NSW highway system. Sections of the highway through Sydney's suburbs continue to be also known by its former names of Liverpool Road, Sydney Road and Copeland Street (the latter two bypassing Liverpool's CBD). The main Hume Highway/Motorway effectively commences at
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2944-651: The M31 designation) to the east of the former route, to terminate at the Western and Metropolitan Ring Roads . This bypass was opened in two stages, in December 2004 and December 2005. At its Melbourne end, the original alignment of the Melbourne–Sydney route followed Royal Parade northward from where it begins at its intersection with Elizabeth Street and Flemington Road. Royal Parade becomes Sydney Road at Brunswick Road and then became
3036-655: The M5 South-West Motorway) and was allocated route number F5. While this section later officially became known as Hume Highway, it continued to be referred to as the F5 Freeway until the early 2010s due to its renaming to M31 Hume Motorway in 2013. Other than sections within the urban areas of Sydney and Melbourne, Hume Highway is generally dual-carriageway (with at-grade intersections and restricted entry from adjoining land), with considerable lengths which are of full freeway standard. Most of these sections are bypasses of
3128-507: The Melbourne end, route M31 was diverted onto the Craigieburn bypass in 2005; the former alignment (now known as Sydney Road) was replaced with State Route 55. With both states' conversion to the newer alphanumeric system between the late 1990s and the early 2010s, its route number was updated to route M31 for the highway within Victoria in 1997, and eventually within New South Wales in 2013 (with
3220-550: The Mittagong Land Company. The presence of the ironstone was discovered when the deviation of the southbound road was being made through Mittagong in the early 1830s. Fifteen years elapsed before any attempt was made to work the iron deposit. In 1848 land was taken up and smelting commenced at the Fitzroy Iron Works in a small blast furnace that had been erected. The Sydney Morning Herald of 12 December 1848 said
3312-544: The Moss Vale AWS (Airport) since 2001. [REDACTED] Media related to Mittagong, New South Wales at Wikimedia Commons Southern Highlands (New South Wales) • Kiama • Gilmore The Southern Highlands , also locally referred to as the Highlands , is a geographical region and district in New South Wales , Australia and is 110 km south-west of Sydney . The region comprises
3404-741: The Murray River (for a total of 161 miles), subsuming the original declaration of Main Sydney Road as a Main Road. Within New South Wales, the passing of the Main Roads Act of 1924 through the Parliament of New South Wales provided for the declaration of Main Roads, roads partially funded by the State government through the Main Roads Board (later Transport for NSW ). Main Road No. 2 was declared along Great South Road on 8 August 1928, heading southwest from
3496-1287: The Murray River and entering Victoria. From this point Hume Freeway continues 295 kilometres (183 mi) southwest by south, bypassing Wodonga , Chiltern , Wangaratta , Benalla , Seymour , Broadford , Beveridge , Craigieburn and terminating at Thomastown . From northeast to southwest, termini, major exits and interchanges occur with the Great Western Highway / Parramatta Road (A22), A3 (A3), A6 (A6), Henry Lawson Drive , Cumberland Highway (A28), M5 Motorway (M5), Westlink M7 (M7), Camden Valley Way (A28), A9 (A9), Remembrance Drive , Old Hume Highway (B73), Illawarra Highway (A48), Federal Highway (M23), Yass Valley Way , Barton Highway (A25), Lachlan Valley Way (B81), Burley Griffin Way (B94), Snowy Mountains Highway (B72), Sturt Highway (A20), Olympic Highway (A41), Riverina Highway (B58), Murray Valley Highway (B400), Great Alpine Road (B500), Midland Highway (A300/B300), Goulburn Valley Freeway (M39), Goulburn Valley Highway (B340), Northern Highway (B75), Sydney Road (SR55), and Western and Metropolitan Ring Roads (M80). Major river crossings, from northeast to southwest, are
3588-422: The NSW border, Wodonga , Chiltern , Wangaratta , Benalla , Violet Town , Euroa , Seymour , Broadford and Craigieburn . Camden dates from 1840 and lies 60 kilometres (37 mi) south west of Sydney on the Nepean River. It retains a rural character and has many historic buildings. There is an aviation museum at nearby Narellan . Urban sprawl has made Camden part of the Sydney metropolitan area. Before
3680-464: The New South Wales countryside from Albury to Marulan has been developed for wool production, with Yass and Goulburn in particular noted for their fine wool. The coast of New South Wales, from the Queensland to the Victorian borders, is separated from the inland by an escarpment , forming the eastern edge of the Great Dividing Range , with few easy routes up this escarpment. To climb from the coast to
3772-546: The Southern Highlands, the Illawarra Escarpment and Budderoo National Park . Joadja is a historic abandoned ghost town about 32 km west of Mittagong . The town was established in the 1870s by the Australian Kerosene Oil and Mineral Company as Joadja valley's walls contained a vast reserve of shale . Notably, the town back in its time was one of the most populous towns in the Highlands. However, at
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3864-579: The Southern Tablelands for agriculture was rapid. The present route of Hume Highway is much the same as that used by the pioneers. The route taken by Hume Highway to climb from the coast to the Southern Tablelands and across the Great Divide is situated between the parallel river gorge systems of the Wollondilly and Shoalhaven rivers. This country consists generally of a gently sloping plateau which
3956-530: The bypass of Albury-Wodonga. From Albury, the highway skirts Lake Hume and continues across undulating country generally north-east towards Holbrook and then Tarcutta. Just north of Tarcutta the highway encounters the first of several ranges which form outliers of the Great Dividing Range, and which are crossed as the highway climbs the slopes to the tablelands west of Yass. From here the highway runs eastward, to Goulburn where it again turns northeast. Most of
4048-496: The capitals of New South Wales and Victoria, Hume Highway was declared a National Highway in 1974, and was consequently re-allocated National Highway 31. At the Sydney end, as the South-Western Freeway was extended during the 1990s, National Highway 31 was replaced with Metroad 5 from Prestons to Liverpool in the early 1990s, then by Metroad 7 through Liverpool, and State Route 31 from Liverpool to its terminus at Ashfield. At
4140-466: The community. Walk Through Bethlehem is an interactive Christmas experience for all ages. Visitors are invited to step back in time, into a reenactment of Bethlehem at the time of Jesus' birth . There they meet shepherds minding their flocks, potters , carpenters , stonemasons and copper-smiths at work, the wise men searching for the saviour, villagers selling their wares in the marketplace, before finally seeing Mary, Joseph and baby Jesus in
4232-575: The current-day bypasses at Mittagong, Berrima and Marulan (dual carriageways were completed in 1986), is still largely followed by today's highway. Mitchell intended to straighten the route north of Yanderra, but was not granted funding, although his proposed route through Pheasants Nest has similarities to the freeway route opened in 1980. Mitchell's work on the Great South Road is best preserved at Towrang Creek (10 kilometres north of Goulburn), where his stone arch culvert still stands, although it
4324-590: The day include; massive band parades playing various Scottish instruments such as bagpipes ; Scottish dancing such as Highland dancing and Scottish country dance ; and Highland games such as caber toss and stone put . In addition, Scottish cuisine is available during the festival such as Scotch pie and haggis . Tulip Time is a historical flower festival in Bowral where nearly 100,000 tulips that are planted in Bowral's Corbett Gardens bloom into flowers in late September and early October. The first festival
4416-484: The early 1970s, the Hume Highway ran west from the Cross Roads in Casula , 6 km south of Liverpool to western Edmondson Park , near the Forest Lawn Memorial Park, where it turned and followed the route of what is now Camden Valley Way. It ran through Narellan town centre before crossing the Nepean River on the Cowpasture Bridge. It ran through Camden town centre on Argyle Street before turning onto Murray Street, which then becomes Broughton Street. It then ran over
4508-477: The first European (with William Hovell ) to traverse an overland route between Sydney and the Port Phillip District , in what later became the Colony of Victoria . The highway was fully sealed by 1940. In New South Wales, the passing of the Roads Act of 1993 through the Parliament of New South Wales updated road classifications and the way they could be declared within New South Wales. Under this act, Hume Highway today retains its declaration as Highway 2, from
4600-415: The first supply of fresh milk and butter to Sydney by the Fresh Food & Ice Company all operated out of Mittagong in years gone by. The transport of iron ore and smelted iron was made by steam train. Lake Alexandra was originally a water supply dam for railway engines hauling coal from the back of Mount Alexandra to the iron mines. It was drained in the 1890s when the land around it was given to Council by
4692-458: The full length of the highway for the first time. In 2008, VicRoads undertook a planning study for the upgrading of Hume Freeway by removal of direct access from adjoining properties and grade-separation of the intersections between Kalkallo and Beveridge . These intersections had the highest accident rate of the Hume Freeway in Victoria. The study, completed in March 2009, ensured council planning schemes were amended so as to reserve space for
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#17328511549514784-405: The government as a museum and dedicated building to remind of the injustices perpetrated against children. The Catholic teaching order, the Marist Brothers , conducted a juniorate (high school for intending brothers) from 1906. A teacher was Br Charles Howard , who became world Superior General of the order. The site is now a retreat and spirituality centre called The Hermitage. In March 2007,
4876-405: The ground parched. Mount Buffalo can be seen in the distance to the east as the highway comes down off the Warby Range near Glenrowan , and a museum commemorating Ned Kelly is located nearby. At Wangaratta the highway passes close to the Rutherglen and Milawa wine-producing areas. Continuing north, the Murray River , the south bank of which is the Victoria–New South Wales border, is crossed on
4968-403: The highway was diverted in 1992. The opening of the bypass was expected by someto negatively affect business in towns bypassed like Mittagong, but instead the location has become a rest stop for drivers and a daytripper destination from Sydney , only around one hour away. Moreover, Mittagong can be accessed from the Hume Highway in the north via the Aylmerton / Braemar ramp and in the south via
5060-418: The highway, opened as part of the two stages opened in October 1973 and December 1974, was originally designed for widening of the carriageways to three lanes. Work commenced in 2010 on a 9.5 km (5.9 mi) bypass of Holbrook. The bypass was opened to traffic on 7 August 2013 after being postponed due to wet weather. The opening of the bypass resulted in dual carriageway (much to freeway standard) over
5152-406: The historical buildings remaining in ruin such as some of the miners' cottages, a school house, church, cemetery and refinery devices such as shale ovens. These ovens are protected and is World Heritage listed. Today, the Joadja Distillery produces Single Malt Whisky in honour of the Scottish mining families who worked the rich coal and shale seams in the late 1800s. The Southern Highlands has
5244-406: The increased appeal of the town as a place to live. Mittagong is also home to a prestigious girls secondary private boarding school, Frensham , which was opened by Winifred Mary West in 1913. The school is notable for its alumni which include Dr Catherine Hamlin and former Lord Mayor of Sydney, Lucy Turnbull . The Mittagong Farm Homes for Boys, Mittagong TSB (training school boys), as late as
5336-513: The intersection with Great Western Highway at Ashfield, through Bankstown, Liverpool, Crossroads, Narellan, Picton, Mittagong, Goulburn, Yass, and Gundagai to Albury. With the passing of the Main Roads (Amendment) Act of 1929 to provide for additional declarations of State Highways and Trunk Roads, this was amended to State Highway 2 on 8 April 1929. The Great South Road through New South Wales, and North-Eastern Highway through Victoria, were renamed Hume Highway in 1928, after Hamilton Hume ,
5428-488: The intersection with Western and Metropolitan Ring Roads at Thomastown. The route was allocated National Route 31 across its entire length in 1954. The Whitlam government introduced the federal National Roads Act 1974 , where roads declared as a National Highway were still the responsibility of the states for road construction and maintenance, but were fully compensated by the Federal government for money spent on approved projects. As an important interstate link between
5520-437: The intersection with Parramatta Road in Ashfield in Sydney, to the state border with Victoria. In Victoria, the passing of the Road Management Act 2004 through the Parliament of Victoria granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to VicRoads : VicRoads re-declared the road in 2013 as Hume Freeway (Freeway #1550), beginning at the state border with New South Wales to
5612-413: The junction of the M5 South-West Motorway and the Westlink M7 at Prestons . Heading eastbound, the M5 provides access to Sydney Airport and the CBD; while the M7 provides access to Newcastle and Brisbane bypassing the Sydney CBD. Both of these routes are tolled . The section of Hume Motorway between Prestons and Narellan Road was previously known as South Western Freeway (not to be confused with
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#17328511549515704-445: The larger towns on the route, where the need to deviate the route to construct the bypass made it practical to deny access from adjoining land and thus provide full freeway conditions. In addition to these bypasses the sections between Casula (in southwestern Sydney) and Berrima (built 1973–92), and Broadford to Wallan (1976), which were both constructed as major deviations, are also of full freeway standard. The entire section in Victoria
5796-715: The median strip along the Craigieburn Bypass section and northward to Broadford , in Victoria, at roughly 15–20 km intervals. These measure both instantaneous (flash photography) speed and its speciality in the point-to-point versions (between two or more sites and then the average speed is measured to the fixed speed limit, comparing how long it takes a vehicle to reach one point from another). There are five sites, with two cameras (radar version) at each, totalling ten altogether. In Sydney: next to Ashfield Primary School, near Culdees Road Burwood, Willee St Enfield, Stacey St Bankstown, Brennan St Yagoona, and Knight St Lansvale. Between Prestons and Campbelltown, an exit numbering system
5888-412: The mine was living in tents until buildings were erected. The mine was referred to at this time as the Fitz Roy iron mine, doubtless in honour of Sir Charles A. Fitz Roy, the Governor-General. Associated with the iron ore deposit was the Chalybeate Spring , an iron-rich mineral spring that was a tourist attraction mainly during the second half of the 19th century and first few decades of C20th. The town
5980-408: The minority of the population being (15%) born overseas, primarily Europe. The population density of the Highlands is 16.5 persons/km . Berrima is a village located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of Bowral and 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) south west of Mittagong that once served as the main town of the Highlands. Notably, the region of Bowral, Mittagong and Berrima and various villages including
6072-430: The name Mittagong was generally applied with the advent of the railway in 1867. In 1802, Barralier wrote of establishing his camp at a place called "Nattai" by the natives. About 1884 New Sheffield and Nattai united to form the present town of Mittagong. Mittagong has been home to many industries, with iron being first smelted in the area. The Mittagong Coal Mining Company (Box Vale Colliery), Joadja Kerosene Shale, and
6164-472: The northern end of Hume Highway) in 1819 from Picton to the Goulburn Plains and he travelled to Goulburn in 1820, but it is unlikely that even a primitive road was finished at that time. The Great South Road was rebuilt and completely re-routed between Yanderra and Goulburn by Surveyor-General Thomas Mitchell in 1833. The Main Roads Management Act of June 1858 declared the Great South Road, from near Sydney through Goulburn and Gundagai to Albury, as one of
6256-402: The old major beer company of New South Wales, Tooth and Co. One of the malthouse buildings can be seen when entering Mittagong on the Old Hume Highway from Braemar . This building is one of the original buildings and is over 100 years old. This complex is abandoned and in decay; a few years ago it was subject to an attempted renovation, which was soon stopped. According to the 2021 census ,
6348-407: The optimum quality of their wines. Varieties primarily cultivated in the region are; chardonnay , riesling , sauvignon blanc , pinot noir and cabernet sauvignon . Brigadoon is a cultural Scottish Festival that occurs one day in April at Bundanoon every year. The festival celebrates Highland Scottish culture where Bundanoon becomes the fictional Scottish town of Brigadoon . Festivities of
6440-715: The outer suburbs of northern Melbourne. In Sydney, Hume Highway stretches 31 kilometres (19 mi) southwest from Ashfield in the inner west to Prestons via Enfield , Greenacre , Villawood , Liverpool and Casula . From Sydney's southwestern outskirts; Hume Motorway stretches 88 kilometres (55 mi) south by southwest, from Prestons to outside Berrima bypassing Campbelltown , Camden , Mittagong , Bowral and Moss Vale . From outside Berrima, Hume Highway stretches 426 kilometres (265 mi) southwest by west, bypassing Sutton Forest , Marulan , Goulburn , Yass , Bowning , Bookham , Jugiong , Gundagai , Holbrook , Thurgoona , Lavington and Albury before crossing
6532-404: The public had already witnessed the success of the mine by the specimens of manufactured articles exhibited in Sydney. On 2 February 1849 it was stated that a quarry had been opened and stone prepared for buildings in course of erection. A brickfield had also commenced operations. Smelting was being carried on by means of a Cataline furnace and two shafts had been sunk. The party engaged in operating
6624-494: The region. The Southern Highlands as a region is part of the larger Capital Country Region with the Highlands forming the northern part of the region and the Southern Tablelands forming the southern part of the region. The Southern Highland's council , Wingecarribee Shire , is home to about 44,379 (2006) residents and is growing at a rate of 2.1% per annum. The majority of the residents (84.5%) are Australian-born with
6716-468: The road passes through the hills of the Great Dividing Range , some of which is covered with box eucalypt forest but of which much is cleared for farmland, before levelling out near Seymour to cross flat, mostly cleared farming country to Wodonga and the Victoria–New South Wales border. Victoria's landscape differs from that of the typical 'true Australian Outback ', but a dry summer can leave
6808-419: The route between Berrima and Prestons also renamed Hume Motorway), with route A28 between Prestons and Liverpool, and route A22 from Liverpool to its terminus at Ashfield. Between February 2009 and March 2012, both carriageways were widened between Brooks Road and Narellan Road. This work was undertaken in 3 stages. The first stage, widening to 4 lanes each way between Brooks Road and St Andrews Road St Andrews
6900-511: The sections now known as the Hume Freeway and the Hume Motorway , is one of Australia's major inter-city national highways , running for 840 kilometres (520 mi) between Melbourne in the southwest and Sydney in the northeast. Upgrading of the route from Sydney's outskirts to Melbourne's outskirts to dual carriageway was completed on 7 August 2013. From north to south, the road
6992-744: The stable. Run by Mittagong Anglican Church (St. Stephen's), the event is held every second year in December, usually the week before Christmas. Held in the grounds of Mittagong Anglican Church on Main Street, the event has been run in 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015. Bundanoon hosts Community Garden's Grow Cook Eat Festival in March, Winterfest each June and Garden Ramble each October. Wingello hosts Sled Dog Trials in June. 34°28′S 150°25′E / 34.467°S 150.417°E / -34.467; 150.417 Hume Highway The Hume Highway , including
7084-511: The state border with New South Wales). The passing of the Highways and Vehicles Act of 1924 provided for the declaration of State Highways, roads two-thirds financed by the State government through the Country Roads Board. North-Eastern Highway was declared a State Highway on 1 July 1925, cobbled from a collection of roads from Melbourne through Seymour, Benalla, Wangaratta and Wodonga to
7176-467: The surrounding villages, had a population of 5,767. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 1.7% of the population. 76.2% of people were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was England at 5.2%. 87.1% of people only spoke English at home. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 27.9%, Catholic 22.1% and Anglican 21.7%. Mittagong is on the Old Hume Highway , which linked Sydney , Canberra and Melbourne , but
7268-481: The tablelands near Moss Vale and Sutton Forest . On another expedition in 1818, he reached Lake Bathurst and the " Goulburn Plains ". Many of the early explorers would most likely have used aboriginal guides, but they do not appear to have given them credit. After Charles Throsby's 1818 journey towards present day Goulburn, followed by Hamilton Hume and William Hovell's overland journey from Appin (near Campbelltown) to Port Phillip and return in 1824, development of
7360-492: The tablelands, Hume Highway uses the Bargo Ramp , a geological feature which provides one of the few easy crossings of the escarpment. In the first twenty years of European settlement at Sydney (established 1788), exploration southwest of Sydney was slow. This area was heavily wooded at the time, especially the " Bargo brush ", which was regarded as almost impenetrable. In 1798 explorers (Wilson, Price, Hacking, and Collins) reached
7452-422: The three main roads in the colony. However, its southern reaches were described as only a "scarcely formed bullock track" as late as 1858. The road was improved in the mid-1860s with some sections near Gundagai " metalled " and all creeks bridged between Adelong Creek (approximately 10 kilometres south of Gundagai and now known as the village of Tumblong) and Albury. Mitchell's route in New South Wales, except for
7544-719: The town of Mittagong had a population of 6,090. At the 2016 census , the Mittagong Statistical Area 2, which includes the Mittagong town centre and the small surrounding villages of Welby , Balaclava , Braemar and Willow Vale , had a population of 8,999. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 2.5% of the population. 76.5% of people were born in Australia. The most common countries of birth were England 5.0% and New Zealand 1.4%. 86.7% of people only spoke English at home. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 27.0%, Catholic 23.4% and Anglican 21.5%. The Mittagong State Suburb, which does not include
7636-481: The town. Today, the town offers visitors the chance to explore its history, scenery, small waterfalls, bushwalks and its famed " Waratah " flowering in November. A chamber music festival is held each Easter. Tourists can visit Mount Gibraltar, Lake Alexandra and various wineries located around and in Mittagong. It also features one of the first iron mining sites in Australia, close to Lake Alexandra. The main street boasts
7728-452: The turn of the century when the shale ran out, the town's population began to dwindle and the town would be eventually abandoned by the early 1900s. Joadja at its height had a post office, theatre, general store, bakery, school of arts, refinery, railway line, miner's cottages and many other buildings. Notably, it was one of the first rural towns in New South Wales to be connected to the telephone . Joadja's legacy still remains with many of
7820-468: The upgrade, but no timetable had been set for the project. In addition a 4-level interchange between Hume Freeway and the proposed Outer Metropolitan Ring Road is slated to start construction in the 2030s. Duplication works on the highway began in the 1960s and concluded in 2013. The entire route between Sydney and Melbourne is now a dual carriageway, limited access highway . In April 2007, 'point-to-point' fixed speed-camera sites were installed, in
7912-584: Was William Chalker (1775–1823) (also known as Charker), a former convict transported from England, who arrived in the area on 10 May 1821. He became the Principal Overseer of Government Stock, Chief Constable and Poundkeeper in the Cowpastures. A memorial plaque to Chalker was unveiled in May 1988 as a Bicentennial project; the plaque overlooks an area once known as Chalker's Flat and later known as Lower Mittagong . As early as February 1841 an attempt
8004-476: Was completed in 2010. The second stage, widening to 4 lanes each way between St Andrews Road and Raby Road commenced in 2009 and was completed in mid-2011. The final stage, widening to 3 lanes each way between Raby Road and Narellan Road, commenced in September 2010 and was completed in March 2012. Construction of a pedestrian bridge over the highway to link Claymore and Woodbine was also completed. This section of
8096-642: Was dominated by trucks and in winter inundated with traffic carrying skiers' on their way to the Australian Alps until 1992 when the Hume Highway opened and bypassed Mittagong and all the towns and villages of the Southern Highlands . The highway bypass was first evaluated as having a slightly negative impact on Mittagong's economy for about a year after its opening, due to the loss of traffic-serving business. Expectations were re-evaluated as mildly positive in 1994 taking into account hard-to-quantify benefits such as
8188-424: Was made to sell land in a subdivision called the "Town of Gainsborough", followed by the "Livingstone Township" subdivision in June 1842, however the sales appeared to have failed and no further attempts to subdivide were attempted for some time until the iron works came into operation. In August 1861 Surveyor Campbell suggested a portion of land be reserved for village purposes. This reserve was made in 1862 and called
8280-519: Was started in 1961 by the Rotary Club of Bowral-Mittagong. The festival usually lasts 14 days and includes various activities such as band parades, house and garden fairs, food and wine fairs and many other activities. The festival donates proceeds to various charities and this year will be sponsoring Westmead Children's Hospital . In the past, the festival has supported local churches, hospitals, youth centres, elderly centres and disadvantaged people of
8372-489: Was superseded in 1965 by a concrete box culvert which in turn was superseded by the current route of the highway when it was duplicated in 1972. By contrast, in Victoria there was an early and major change to Mitchell's route. Mitchell's original route between Albury and Melbourne went through Mitchellstown on the Goulburn River and took a long detour to the west of Mount Macedon . In March 1837 Charles Bonney blazed
8464-520: Was trialled from May 2016. Hume Highway has many former route allocations including former National Route 31. Where and when the former route numbers were implemented are stated below. Ashfield – Chullora: Chullora – Warwick Farm: Warwick Farm – Casula: Casula – Prestons: Prestons – Campbelltown: Campbelltown – Ettamogah: Ettamogah – NSW/VIC border: NSW/VIC border – Campbellfield: Hume Highway exits and major intersections are spread across 840 kilometres (520 mi) in
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