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34-557: The first line was built and operated by the Buenos Aires Northern Railway , a British-owned company that ran trains from Central Station (then from Retiro ) to Tigre , joining both cities in 1857. The company was then taken over by the Central Argentine Railway in 1888 due to financial problems. In 1891, Victoria station was inaugurated. Trains to Zelaya and Capilla del Señor departed from Victoria for

68-471: A San Fernando" SA was established, with a capital of $ 750,000. The Province granted a 7% of interest for 20 years, apart from donating all the lands necessary for the construction of the railway. As the profit increased, the company committed to build stations in Retiro , Palermo and Olivos . Concession was declared forfeit due to the company did not to start works in the period of time stipulated, therefore

102-454: A distance of 28 km. The contract was signed between Hopkins and Governor of Buenos Aires, Valentín Alsina , committing to build a horse-drawn railway that departed from Aduana Nueva (Paseo de Julio and Victoria) to Retiro where it transfer to a steam train , continuing the trip to Fernando, with several stops in Belgrano and San Isidro stations. Therefore, the "Compañía del Ferrocarril

136-483: A motor-driving car or power-driving car. On third rail systems, the outer vehicles usually carry the pick up shoes with the motor vehicles receiving the current via intra-unit connections . Many modern two-car EMU sets are set up as twin or "married pair" units. While both units in a married pair are typically driving motors, the ancillary equipment (air compressor and tanks, batteries and charging equipment, traction power and control equipment, etc.) are shared between

170-700: A new concession was granted to José Rodney Crosky on February 25, 1862. Nevertheless, the concession was transferred again to "Compañía del Ferrocarril del Norte de Buenos Aires", a company founded in London , on October 17. Works began in Retiro, and shortly after that, more precisely in December 1862, the line to "Valentín Alsina" station (today "Belgrano C") was inaugurated. In 1863 the train reached San Isidro , with intermediate stops in Rivadavia and Olivos station. In February 1864

204-673: A number of the carriages. An EMU is usually formed of two or more semi-permanently coupled carriages, but electrically powered single-unit railcars are also generally classed as EMUs. The great majority of EMUs are passenger trains, but versions also exist for carrying mail. EMUs are popular on commuter, and suburban rail networks around the world due to their fast acceleration and pollution-free operation, and are used on most rapid-transit systems. Being quieter than diesel multiple units (DMUs) and locomotive -hauled trains, EMUs can operate later at night and more frequently without disturbing nearby residents. In addition, tunnel design for EMU trains

238-417: Is simpler as no provision is needed for exhausting fumes, although retrofitting existing limited-clearance tunnels to accommodate the extra equipment needed to transmit electric power to the train can be difficult. Multiple unit train control was first used in the 1890s. The Liverpool Overhead Railway opened in 1893 with two-car electric multiple units, controllers in cabs at both ends directly controlling

272-611: The Central Station of Buenos Aires was opened. This was placed on the junction of Paseo de Julio Avenue and Bartolomé Mitre. The station was terminus of several railway lines, such as Buenos Aires Western Railway and Buenos Aires and Rosario Railway on a side, and the BA&;E and Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway on the other side. The BANR extended its path from Retiro to the Central Station in 1873. The access station building,

306-738: The China Railway High-speed in China, ICE 3 in Germany, and the British Rail class 395 Javelin. The retired New York–Washington Metroliner service, first operated by the Pennsylvania Railroad and later by Amtrak , also featured high-speed electric multiple-unit cars, known as the Budd Metroliner . EMUs powered by fuel cells are under development. If successful, this would avoid

340-507: The Villa Ballester - Zárate and Victoria - Capilla del Señor sections of Ferrocarril Mitre , then managed by Ferrocarriles Argentinos (FA) . These light railcars replaced Ganz Works railcars that had run on those lines since 1938. The lack of maintenance of the FIAT 7131 coaches meant that some of them went out of service, so in 1987 Ferrocarriles Argentinos acquired new light railcars for

374-461: The BA&E had to extend the long viaduct that originally extended from Casa Amarilla to Venezuela stations. When Central Station was destroyed by fire on February 14, 1897, BANR (owned by Central Argentine by then) and BA&E moved their terminus to Retiro and Venezuela, respectively. Soon after the BA&E moved again to Casa Amarilla in La Boca district, therefore the iron viaduct that crossed

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408-559: The Government allowed the company to use locomotives instead of horsecars for the Aduana-Retiro path. The railway continued its expansion, reaching San Fernando in 1864 and finally Tigre in 1865, totalizing 29 km length. Despite having requested an extension of the line to Zárate , the BANR would not build any track until it was transferred to Central Argentine Railway in 1889. By 1870

442-465: The Zárate and Capilla del Señor branches. The company bought 8 units made by Materfer which were soon nicknamed Pitufos (a Spanish translation for " Smurfs " due to their small size). Nevertheless, the limited seating capacity and poor damping of those units mean that the 7131 coaches continued to be used. FA operated the trains until 1991 when FEMESA temporarily took over all the urban services prior to

476-413: The city fell into disuse, being subsequently demolished. In 1888 the company was taken over by the Central Argentine Railway . Electric multiple unit An electric multiple unit or EMU is a multiple-unit train consisting of self-propelled carriages using electricity as the motive power. An EMU requires no separate locomotive , as electric traction motors are incorporated within one or

510-457: The company, including Beccar (1913), La Lucila (1933), Acassuso (1934) and Virreyes (1938). When the Government of Argentina led by Juan Perón nationalised British and French railway companies in 1948, the state-owned company Ferrocarriles Argentinos took over all the railway lines in the country. In 1962, the FIAT 7131 , a railcar manufactured by FIAT Concord, made its debut in

544-485: The construction of electric traction railways and trolley systems worldwide. Each car of the train has its own traction motors: by means of motor control relays in each car energized by train-line wires from the front car all of the traction motors in the train are controlled in unison. The cars that form a complete EMU set can usually be separated by function into four types: power car, motor car, driving car, and trailer car. Each car can have more than one function, such as

578-655: The first coaches arriving in June 2014. In November 2014, the Retiro-Tigre section of Mitre Line renewed its fleet of electric trains , adding a total of 12 brand new trains for that service. The CSR trains replaced the old Toshiba cars that had been brought to Argentina in the 1960s for the Mitre and Sarmiento lines. The purchase cost $ 250 million was paid by the National Government. The branch line to José L. Suárez's fleet

612-464: The first time one year later. In 1916, the Retiro - Tigre line was electrified , becoming the first electrified railway system in South America. New British Thomson-Houston (BTH) multiple units were acquired to run on the line. The CAR also installed the first crossbuck and manually-operated gates on the many existing level crossings. During successive years, several new stations were built by

646-421: The first two years of the concession, TBA met the requirements specified in the contract regarding the frequency of service, with an average of 98%. By February 1999 the consortium had invested US$ 200 million including the reconstruction of 220 Toshiba wagons, and the remodelling of 13 stations and workshops. In addition, a new ticket selling system was introduced with the installation of vending machines. One of

680-532: The lines until 2014 when it was transferred under concession to Corredores Ferroviarios . On 12 February 2014, the Government of Argentina granted the operation of the line to the private company Corredores Ferroviarios . That same year the Government announced the acquisition of new coaches to increase the Mitre Line's rolling stock. The coaches were manufactured by the Chinese company CSR Corporation Limited , with

714-780: The lines. In 2017, the Ministry of Transport announced the construction of a viaduct for the Retiro–Tigre branch of Mitre Line in Buenos Aires. The viaduct would extend from Dorrego Avenue in Palermo to Congreso Avenue in Núñez for 3.9 kilometres. Works began in September 2017. The project also included a total refurbishment of Lisandro de la Torre and Belgrano C stations. The viaduct was opened to traffic on 10 May 2019 by President Mauricio Macri leading to

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748-457: The losses arising from the change in plans and to avoid fare increases. Due to the lack of investment in the Mitre Line, the quality of the service decreased considerably. TBA operated the line until the 2012 Once station rail disaster happened. As a result, the National Government revoked the concession granted to TBA and gave the Mitre and Sarmiento lines to the State operator UGOMS , that then ran

782-465: The most notable improvements was the introduction of "Puma" coaches on the Retiro-Tigre branch. These coaches were built by local factory Emprendimientos Ferroviarios S.A. (EMFER) and featured air conditioning, ABS brakes and computer-supervising systems. In 1997 the Government decided to modify the contracts of concession with a plan of modernisation worth US$ 2.5 billion. The future investments included acquiring 492 brand-new electric multiple units ,

816-416: The need for an overhead line or third rail . An example is Alstom ’s hydrogen -powered Coradia iLint . The term hydrail has been coined for hydrogen-powered rail vehicles. Many battery electric multiple units are in operation around the world, with the take up being strong. Many are bi-modal taking energy from onboard battery banks and line pickups such as overhead wires or third rail. In most cases

850-541: The outer end of the pair, saving space and expense over a cab at both ends of each car. Disadvantages include a loss of operational flexibility, as trains must be multiples of two cars, and a failure on a single car could force removing both it and its partner from service. Some of the more famous electric multiple units in the world are high-speed trains: the Italian Pendolino and Frecciarossa 1000 , Shinkansen in Japan,

884-468: The railway stations were: 25 de Mayo (horsecars), Retiro, Palermo (then renamed "Recoleta" before being demolished), Belgrano, Rivadavia, Olivos, San Isidro, San Fernando and Tigre. During its first years, the BANR achieved positive business results, with 8.19% of interest in 1870 and 15.22% one year later. The company also built a little 1,700-metre length branch to San Fernando Canal , built by "Hopkins y Ocampo Constructora" and opened in 1872. The branch

918-411: The refurbishing of more than 100 km of existing tracks, and the installation of new signalling , among other improvements. Nevertheless, the Government of Fernando De la Rúa (which had come to power in 1999) made changes to the original project, reducing the amount of the budget to US$ 1.3 billion. The State granted subsidies to TBA (and the rest of the private operators) as a way to compensate for

952-636: The removal eight level crossings. Companies that have operated the Sarmiento Line since it was established after the 1948 nationalisation are: Mitre Line services as of February, 2015: Buenos Aires Northern Railway The Buenos Aires Northern Railway (BANR) (in Spanish: Ferrocarril del Norte de Buenos Aires ) was a British-owned company that operated a broad gauge 5 ft 6 in ( 1,676 mm ) railway line in Argentina , in

986-639: The second half of the 19th century. The BANR was also the first railway company from the British islands to operate in Argentina. In 1857 the government of Buenos Aires Province granted a concession to Eduardo Hopkins, owner of Buenos Aires and San Fernando Railway (in Spanish: "Ferrocarril de Buenos Aires a San Fernando") to build a railway from the city of Buenos Aires to San Fernando in Greater Buenos Aires ,

1020-404: The services being privatised. After the Government of Carlos Menem privatised the urban railways services private company Trenes de Buenos Aires (TBA) took over the Mitre Line. When the Government of Argentina decided to privative all the urban railway services in 1992, the Mitre Line was given the concession for TBA (which also took over Sarmiento Line ) through Decree N° 730/95. During

1054-551: The traction current to motors on both cars. The multiple unit traction control system was developed by Frank Sprague and first applied and tested on the South Side Elevated Railroad (now part of the Chicago 'L' ) in 1897. In 1895, derived from his company's invention and production of direct current elevator control systems, Frank Sprague invented a multiple unit controller for electric train operation. This accelerated

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1088-426: The two cars in the set. Since neither car can operate without its "partner", such sets are permanently coupled and can only be split at maintenance facilities. Advantages of married pair units include weight and cost savings over single-unit cars (due to halving the ancillary equipment required per set) while allowing all cars to be powered, unlike a motor-trailer combination. Each car has only one control cab, located at

1122-637: Was renewed completely with the same Chinese trains in January 2015. State-owned company Operadora Ferroviaria Sociedad del Estado took over the Mitre line (operated by Corredores Ferroviarios ) on 2 March 2015 after the Government of Argentina rescinded the contracts that had been signed with the company. The contract terms specified that the concession could be cancelled with no right to claim compensation. The agreements had been signed in February 2014 and had committed Argentren and Corredores Ferroviarios to operate

1156-532: Was run by freight trains that transported goods coming from the Littoral region. When the Port of Buenos Aires was opened in 1897, commercial activities on the branch decreased considerably. The San Fernando Canal branch was finally closed in the 1970s and most of the rail tracks removed by Ferrocarriles Argentinos , the operator by then. On the initiative of Buenos Aires and Ensenada Port Railway , on December 31, 1872,

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