The Adi people are one of the most populous groups of indigenous peoples in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh . A few thousand are also found in the Tibet Autonomous Region , where they are called the Lhoba together with some of the Nyishi people , Na people , Mishmi people and Tagin people .
25-824: The Minyong are a sub-group of the Adi people , a tribal people living in Arunachal Pradesh , India . The Minyong are found in East Siang , Siang and West Siang district. They consider Donyi-Polo as their religion but recently there has been conversion to Christianity. Like any other tribes of ADI they celebrate Solung, Aran and Etor as their festivals. Minyong like other Tani group name their offspring with prefix 'Ta' for male and 'Ya' for female, e.g. Tapang for baby boy and Yaman for baby girl earlier;However, this practice has been abandoned & changed recently. They have originated from Riga Village. Their villages are mostly found on
50-427: A beyop , an ornament that consists of five to six brass plates fixed under their petticoats. Tattooing was popular among the older women. The traditional measure of a family's wealth is the possession of domestic animals (particularly gayals ), beads and ornaments, and land. The Adi celebrate a number of festivals, in particular, their prime festivals are Aran , Donggin , Solung , Podi Barbii and Etor . Solung
75-587: A horn kept specially for the individual caretaker or actual owner to call them. From birth until the time of butchering or market, the Mithun remain in the herd, and roam mostly freely throughout the forests. To the Idu Mishmi, Nyishi people or Adi people (Bangni-Booker Lhobas incl pasi, padam, minyong, Galong now Galo), the possession of gayal is the traditional measure of a family's wealth. Gayal are not milked or put to work but given supplementary care while grazing in
100-470: A wild population that the name for this wild species is valid by virtue of its being antedated by a name based on a domestic form. Most authors have adopted the binomial Bos frontalis for the domestic species as valid for the taxon . Phylogenetic analysis corroborates the taxonomic assessment that the gayal is an independent Bos species originating matrilineally from gaur , zebu and cattle . The gayal differs in several important particulars from
125-692: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Adi people They live in a region of the Southern Himalayas which falls within the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and the Mainling , Lhunze , Zayu , Medog , and Nyingchi counties in the Tibet Autonomous Region , China . The present habitat of the Adi people is heavily influenced by the historic location of the ancient Lhoyu. They are found in
150-604: Is called Taktor ). Adi dances vary from the slow, rustic and beautifully enchanting Ponung style (performed in Solung festival) to the exhilarating, exuberant thumps of Delong performed by men during the Etor festival. These dances have led to certain forms of dancing which jointly narrate a story, the Tapu (War Dance). In the Tapu, the dancers vigorously re-enact the actions of war, its gory details and
175-416: Is highly characteristic of the high Himalayan way of life in general, with yaks and sheep being predominant species until recently, the mithun, or gayal ( Bos frontalis ) is the most prominent animal exploited by Eastern Himalayan groups ... The mithun is a semi-domesticate, managed in fenced tracts of forests rather than being kept in or near villages. Outside North East India, mithun are primarily imported for
200-432: Is observed in the first week of September for five days or more. It is a harvest festival performed after the sowing of seeds and transplantation, to seek for future bumper crops. Ponung songs and dances are performed by women folk during the festival. On the last day of Solung, throne and indigenous weaponry are displayed along the passage of the houses – a belief that they would protect people from evil spirits (This ritual
225-407: Is probably not a case of semantic shift from a wild species. The implication is that the semi-wild mithun was seen as the core species, and the true domesticates such as cattle, which arrived subsequently, as marginal to the system. In Nagaland, the animals are kept semi-wild, and live in herds, being watched over by special caretakers assigned by the villages or the owner of the herd. They respond to
250-631: The Drung ox or mithun , is a large domestic cattle distributed in Northeast India , Bangladesh , Myanmar and in Yunnan , China . In his first description of 1804, Aylmer Bourke Lambert applied the binomial Bos frontalis to a domestic specimen probably from Chittagong . In 2003, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature fixed the first available specific name based on
275-556: The gaur : Some domesticated gayals are parti-coloured, while others are completely white. There are two major hypotheses on the origin of the gayal: In 2020, Ranganathan Kamalakkannan et Al. found "phylogenetic analysis using complete mitochondrial genome sequences unambiguously suggested that gaur is the maternal ancestor of domestic mithun." Analysis of the genome of the gayal was published in 2017. Gayals are essentially inhabitants of hill-forests. In India, semi-domesticated gayals are kept by several ethnic groups living in
SECTION 10
#1732852687051300-497: The Abutani/Abotani. The older term Abor is an exonym from Assamese and its literal meaning is "independent". The literal meaning of adi is "hill" or "mountain top". The Adi live in hill villages, each traditionally keeping to itself, under a selected chief styled Gam or Gao Burra who moderates the village council, which acts even as the traditional court, referred to as a Kebang . The olden day councils consisted of all
325-581: The Bokars, have adopted Tibetan Buddhism to a certain extent, as a result of Tibetan influence. However, in recent years a revival in indigenous identity on the part of the Tibetan Adi people has made traditional religion popular with the youth again. In modern times, a few Adi people have converted to Christianity . But been increasing and call of local leaders to stop converting and demographics shift. Gayal The gayal ( Bos frontalis ), also known as
350-491: The bride's household. Gayals are left in the forest, where they usually stay within a small perimeter. Females are usually aggressive when with calves, and there are instances known when people have been severely injured after being gored by one. Males are usually more docile. In Mizoram and Manipur , it is called Sial, Siel, Se/Sia amongst the tribes of the Chin-Kuki-Mizo . It is the most essential and valuable commodity;
375-474: The dormitories are observed. For example, a male can visit the dormitory of a female, although he is not allowed to stay overnight. At times, guardians will have to be around to guide the youngsters. There are separate dresses for women and men which are woven by women of the tribes. Helmets made from cane, bear, and deerskin are sometimes worn by the men, depending on the region. While the older women wear yellow necklaces and spiral earrings, unmarried girls wear
400-438: The help of Mupak Mili and Atsong Pertin, considered the fathers of the Adi language or Adi script. Adi is taught as a third language in schools of communities dominated by the Adi. The Adi speak Hindi as a lingua-franca for communicating with other indigenous groups of people in Arunachal Pradesh and the other northeast states . Dormitories play an important role among the Adi people, and certain rules governing
425-652: The hills of Tripura , Mizoram , Assam , Arunachal Pradesh , Manipur and Nagaland . They also occur in the Chittagong Hill Tracts . In northern Burma, they occur in the Kachin State , and in adjacent Yunnan are found only in the Trung ( Chinese : 独龙河 ) and Salween River basins. The role of the mithun is central to the lives of many residents of these areas, including transhumant ones who pair mithun management with sago palm harvesting: Although livestock
450-485: The purpose of cross- breeding with other bovids, for example in Bhutan. It is very common among Eastern Himalayan languages to find lexical sets denoting fauna in which the mithun is lexicalized as a “prototypical” meat animal, with all other terms being derived ... Terms for ‘mithun’ in other languages of Arunachal Pradesh are typically cognate with Aka fu (e.g. Miji ʃu, Koro sù, Puroik ʧa and Proto-Tani *ɕo), suggesting that this
475-488: The right bank of river Siang (Brahmaputra), starting from Riga village to plains of Assam, Jonai. Minyong people are known for their bravery as they have fought war against British Expedition to the hilly region in late 19th century. They are a large sub tribe of The Adis and considered as fearsome warriors of the hills. This article about an Indian ethnicity or social group is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Arunachal Pradesh -related article
500-625: The temperate and sub-tropical regions within the districts of Siang , East Siang , Upper Siang , West Siang , Lower Dibang Valley , Lohit , Shi Yomi and Namsai within Arunachal Pradesh. The term "Adi" however, is not to be confused with the Lhoba people , since the Lhoba also includes the Mishmi along with the Adi people. All the ethnic groups recognizing themselves as "Adi" are believed to be descendants of
525-547: The tribal Donyi-Polo religion. Worship of gods and goddesses like Kine Nane , Doying Bote , Gumin Soyin and Pedong Nane, etc., and religious observances are led by a shaman , called Mibu (can be a female). Each deity is associated with certain tasks and acts as a protector and guardian of various topics related to nature which revolves around their daily life. This includes the food crops, home, rain, etc. Adi in Tibet, in particular
SECTION 20
#1732852687051550-545: The triumphant cries of the warriors. Yakjong is performed in the Aran festival. This is another kind of dance whereby the dancers carry sticks with designs created by removing the barks in certain patterns and then put into the fire for some time, which creates the marked black designs. The Adi practice wet rice cultivation and have a considerable agricultural economy. Rice serves as the staple food for them along with meat and other vegetables The majority of Adi traditionally follow
575-426: The village elders and decisions were decided in a Musup/Dere (village community house). The various languages and dialects of the Adi people fall into two groups: Abor (Abor-Minyong, Bor-abor (Padam), Abor-Miri, etc.) and Lhoba (Lho-Pa, Luoba). Adi literature has been developed by Christian missionaries since 1900. The missionaries J. H. Lorrain and F. W. Savidge published an Abor-Miri Dictionary in 1906 with
600-574: The wealth of a person is often counted by the number of gayals. It is the sole animal used for sacrificial purposes and feast of merit. The tribes regard a human to be honourable if and when he holds a community feast of one or more gayal on one or more occasions. The National Research Centre on Mithun was established at Medziphema in the Chümoukedima District of Nagaland under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research . The mandate of
625-401: The woods, until they are ritually slaughtered or killed for local consumption. Mithuns are wild and each family has a very indigenous marking as a cut on the ear. The gayal is the state animal of Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland . Gayals play an important role in the social life of the people in Arunachal Pradesh. Marriages are not fixed until the bridegroom's family gives at least one gayal to
#50949