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66-637: The UD name was originally used for the company's Uniflow Diesel Engine (a two-stroke diesel engine ), developed in 1955, but is now marketed as meaning "Ultimate Dependability". In December 1935, Nihon Diesel Industries, Ltd , in Kawaguchi , Japan on the outskirts of Tokyo was established under the leadership of Kenzo Adachi, where he purchased diesel engine schematics from a Krupp-Junkers patent. The company started production of KD-series 2-cycle diesel engines after entering into partnership and technology exchange with Friedrich Krupp AG . In November 1939, to test

132-474: A 175 mm work cylinder, and a 185 mm scavenging cylinder; both had a stroke of 210 mm. The indicated power output was 12 PS (9 kW; 12 hp). In February 1900, this engine ran under its own power for the first time. However, with its actual power output of only 6.95 PS (5 kW; 7 hp) and high fuel consumption of 380 g·PS ·h (517 g·kW ·h ), it did not prove to be successful; Güldner's two-stroke diesel engine project

198-562: A 50-50 joint venture to produce Cummins diesel engines known as Dongfeng Cummins Engine Co. Ltd. Dongfeng sells vehicles under various brand names. Other brands may be associated with products manufactured or assembled by joint-venture companies that see foreign firms cooperate with Dongfeng in order to gain access to the Chinese market. Voyah (岚图) is a premium EV brand directly under Dongfeng Motor Corporation specializing in designing and developing electric vehicles . M-Hero Technology (猛士科技)

264-525: A 70 percent stake in the Swedish engineering company T Engineering AB. In December 2013, Dongfeng and the French automaker Renault agreed to form a 50:50 joint venture, Dongfeng Renault Automotive Co Ltd., to manufacture Renault brand passenger cars for the Chinese market. The two partners agreed to invest an initial 7.76 billion yuan (US$ 1.27 billion) in the venture, which became Dongfeng's sixth joint venture with

330-409: A China-based medium- and heavy-duty truck manufacturing joint venture, Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles, with 55% ownership by Dongfeng Motor and 45% by Volvo. As part of the transaction, Volvo will pay 5.6 billion yuan (US$ 900 million) to Dongfeng, which will pay Nissan Motors to replace it with Volvo in an existing commercial vehicle joint venture. It is unclear if the vehicles produced will be sold under

396-455: A basic agreement on a light-duty truck joint venture. There was also the signing of development assistance contract for air suspension of buses with China's Dongfeng Motor Corporation . Nissan Diesel was purchased by the Volvo Group in 2007, becoming a subsidiary. After the transaction between Nissan Motor and Volvo, Nissan Diesel's business relations with Nissan Motors continued as normal and

462-423: A foreign automaker—the most of any Chinese automaker. In February 2014, loss making PSA Peugeot Citroën , a joint venture partner of Dongfeng since 1992, was recapitalized, with Dongfeng Motor Group taking a 14% stake. In 2017, it was announced that Dongfeng Motor Corporation would be re-incorporated as a limited company , renaming to 东风汽车集团有限公司 , which only differ from its subsidiary Dongfeng Motor Group for

528-513: A new series of UD Buses for the Indian market. Former bus models: Former Bus Models (Philippines) Front Engine Bus Rear Engine Bus Underwent various namechanges: Divested from Minsei Industries Ltd. Minsei Diesel Industries acquired by Nissan Motor Company and subsequently renamed. Nissan Diesel Motor Co. acquired by Volvo Group. UD Trucks acquired by Isuzu Motors. Two-stroke diesel engine A two-stroke diesel engine

594-677: A state-owned enterprise of China, Dongfeng is controlled and managed by SASAC , which under Chinese law performs the functions of an investor. During the Korean war , there was a need for trucks to be used on the battlefield. The Ministry of Machinery planned a factory to build an imitation of the GAZ-51 truck. This was originally planned to be at Qingshan District, Wuhan , and later revised to Wuchang District , also in Wuhan . In 1955, these sites were disregarded as being too vulnerable to air raids , and Chengdu

660-569: A sub-brand under one unified Dongfeng brand but remain its independent marque. Dongfeng eπ is the premium EV sub-brand under the Dongfeng brand. The first Dongfeng eπ concept car debuted on 2018 Beijing Auto Show, and its prototype was named as Aeolus eπ01 formerly. In August 2023, Dongfeng Motor announced the consolidation of One Dongfeng brand. The Dongfeng eπ, Aeolus , and Dongfeng Nammi became sub-brands under Dongfeng brand. Dongfeng Nammi (previously known as Dongfeng EV or Dongchuang Zilian)

726-436: Is Dongfeng's brand for budget electric vehicles. The company previously sells the vehicle produced by eGT New Energy Automotive, a joint venture between Dongfeng and Renault-Nissan Alliance in Chinese market. In 2023, it was capital-increased and rename to Dongfeng Nammi, transitioning from a sales company to one with production capabilities. Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co., Ltd. is a subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Group, located in

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792-627: Is Dongfeng's brand for high performance luxury off-road vehicle. The Chinese name of the brand Mengshi (猛士) was inherited from the military vehicle line of Dongfeng. In 2023, the brand unveiled its first full-size luxury off-roader M-Hero 917 , a high performance EV/ EREV . In August 2023, Dongfeng Motor announced restructure of its subsidiary brands Aeolus (Dongfeng Fengshen) , Dongfeng eπ and Dongfeng Nammi . The three brands were consolidated into one "Dongfeng" brand, which unified in marketing and production management. The three brands became sub-brands and remained using independent marques. Aeolus

858-402: Is a diesel engine that uses compression ignition in a two-stroke combustion cycle. It was invented by Hugo Güldner in 1899. In compression ignition, air is first compressed and heated; fuel is then injected into the cylinder, causing it to self-ignite . This delivers a power stroke each time the piston rises and falls, without any need for the additional exhaust and induction strokes of

924-475: Is a 55% owned listed subsidiary that produces light commercial vehicles under Dongfeng branding. It was formed in 1998 by Dongfeng Motor Corporation, and was transferred to DFL in 2003, who held a 60.1% stake. In 2022, DFL transferred 29.9% stake back to Dongfeng Motor Corporation, who then bought another 25.1% from other investors, obtaining majority stake of 55%, fully streamlining all commercial vehicle production to Dongfeng Motor Corporation direct control. It has

990-403: Is a 55-45 joint venture between Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Volvo which produces medium-heavy trucks under Dongfeng branding. It was formed in 1975 by Dongfeng Motor Corporation, and was transferred to DFL in 2003. In 2013, DFL sold the medium-heavy truck business back to Dongfeng Motor Corporation, who then formed the joint venture with Volvo in 2015. Dongfeng Automobile Company Ltd . (DFAC)

1056-734: Is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Wuhan , Hubei . Founded in 1969, it is currently the smallest of the " Big Four " state-owned car manufacturers of China with 671,000 sales in 2023, below SAIC Motor , Changan Automobile and FAW Group . The company develops and markets vehicles under its own branding, such as Fengdu , Voyah , Aeolus , Forthing , as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as Dongfeng Honda , Dongfeng Nissan and Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën (all via subsidiary Dongfeng Motor Group ). In 2021, foreign-branded cars took 79% of sales. In addition to commercial and consumer vehicles, it also manufactures parts and cooperates with foreign companies. As

1122-412: Is that to control speed and power output, the airflow is not throttled but only the amount of fuel injected at each cycle is varied. In the two-stroke cycle, the four stages of internal combustion engine operation (intake, compression, ignition, exhaust) occur in one 360° revolution of the crank shaft, whereas in a four-stroke engine they take two complete revolutions. Consequently, in the two-stroke cycle

1188-683: Is the ultimate parent company using the Dongfeng name and is directly controlled by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council . Dongfeng Motor Group (DFG) is a listed subsidiary that is majority owned (66.86%) by Dongfeng Motor Corporation. The Dongfeng Motor Group (DFG) subsidiary is responsible for several joint ventures with foreign car companies, such as Dongfeng Motor Company Limited (DFL or commonly known as Dongfeng Nissan), Dongfeng Honda Automobile, Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile. Of

1254-409: Is then injected into the hot, compressed air and ignites spontaneously. This allows it to operate with a lean mixture comprising mainly air. Together with the high compression ratio, this makes it more economical than the petrol or gasoline Otto engine . It also does not require either a carburettor to mix the air and fuel before delivery, or a spark plug or other ignition system. Another consequence

1320-520: The Junkers Jumo 205 was the only type to be made in significant quantities, with approximately 900 units in all. Introduced in 1939, the design concept had first been proposed in 1914. The design was license-manufactured in several countries. Subsequent advances in petrol fuel injection technology rendered the two-stroke aircraft engine obsolete. Although the Napier Culverin , a licensed version of

1386-650: The UD Quester at Bangkok , a new heavy-duty truck for developing countries. In 2014, UD Trucks merged with UD Trucks Japan. That same year, Volvo's Volvo Buses started to market UD buses in India. The first model for that market, the UD SLF , was introduced in 2015. In 2015, UD Trucks renewed its headquarters building in Ageo . In 2016, UD Trucks started selling the Kazet, a new light-duty for

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1452-477: The four-stroke cycle. According to the engineer who drew up Rudolf Diesel ‘s design for of the first operational diesel engine , Motor 250/400 , Imanuel Lauster , Diesel did not originally intend using the two-stroke principle for the diesel engine. Hugo Güldner designed what is believed to be the first operational two-stroke diesel engine in 1899, and he convinced MAN , Krupp and Diesel to fund building this engine with ℳ 10,000 each. Güldner's engine had

1518-415: The 1930s, designed two-stroke diesel engines for on-road use with much higher power-to-weight ratios and output range than contemporary four-stroke diesels. The first mobile application of the two-stroke diesel engine was with the diesel streamliners of the mid-1930s. Continued development work resulted in improved two-stroke diesels for locomotive and marine applications in the late 1930s. This work laid

1584-658: The 2013 creation of a partnership with French Renault means it retains this title today. In 2004, intermediate holding company of the group, Dongfeng Motor Group, became a listed company in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange ; Dongfeng Yueda Kia remained in the unlisted portion of the group. Dongfeng announced in November 2006 that they intend to sell their vehicles in Japan. In 2009, it sold 1.9 million vehicles ranking second among domestic automakers and third overall. In 2010,

1650-553: The Japanese market that is supplied by Mitsubishi Fuso. In December of that year, it sold its stake in Dongvo (previously Dongfeng Nissan Diesel), a joint venture with Dongfeng Motor Group , which was renamed as Dongfeng Nengdi . In 2017, UD Trucks launched new versions of the Quon and Condor trucks. The Condor, a medium-duty truck, is supplied by Isuzu as part of an OEM agreement, mainly for

1716-411: The Japanese market. The company also launched a new Croner and the light-duty Kuzer, both aimed at developing countries. In December 2019, Volvo signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding to form a strategic alliance with Isuzu. As part of the agreement, Volvo plans to eventually transfer UD Trucks to Isuzu. In October 2020, the sale agreement became binding. In April 2021, Isuzu Motors became

1782-566: The Nissan Diesel and UD brand names remained unchanged. Volvo also acquired the truck division of Renault in 2001. Starting from 2007, the OEM supply agreement between Nissan Diesel and Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation became effective, with both companies supplying engines to each other for use in new buses, and supplying some buses to each other with the partner's badge. On February 1, 2010, Nissan Diesel changed its name to UD Trucks. At

1848-522: The Volvo brand as a smaller, pre-existing Volvo-Dongfeng joint venture markets and assembles products with a "UD" brand and the Dongfeng brand name is traditionally used on commercial vehicles. A Nissan joint venture engine production base in Shiyan , Hubei province , was producing diesel engines c. 2010, and it is possible this location was one asset of the former Nissan joint venture Dongfeng bought out as part of

1914-667: The Volvo deal. The company uses the Dongfeng Trucks brand. Based in Wuhan , Hubei province, Dongfeng Honda Automobile Company was established in 2003 and manufactures Honda-branded SUVs and automobiles for the Chinese market. Products produced by this joint venture with Honda include the Honda Civic , the CR-V , and the Spirior . As of early 2011, some offerings may incorporate Japanese-made parts. In 2010, its model line included what

1980-526: The city of Liuzhou , Guangxi, China. Passenger vehicles produced by Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor bears the Forthing (Dongfeng Fengxing) brand. Dongfeng is the Chinese partner in many joint ventures that make trucks and cars. On August 29, 2017, the Renault-Nissan Alliance and Dongfeng Motor Corporation announced the establishment of a joint venture, eGT New Energy Automotive Co., Ltd. This joint venture

2046-552: The company had a wide range of light-, medium- and heavy-duty trucks, as well as buses and special-purpose vehicles such as crane carriers. In 1989 there was an agreement with IVECO of Italy to jointly develop low-pollution diesel engines. In 1992 Nissan Diesel Philippines Corp. started manufacturing deluxe coaches in cooperation with Jonckheere Bus & Coach NV/SA of Belgium. In 1995 Nissan Diesel produced its two millionth vehicles since commencing production in May 1950. 1996 brought about

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2112-842: The company sold 2.72 million units, making it the second most-productive Chinese vehicle-maker. It reported 1.72 million sales of passenger vehicles that same year. 2011 production figures put the company in second place, in terms of production volume, in its home market; Dongfeng produced 3.06 million vehicles that year. It was the second-largest Chinese automaker in 2012 by production volume, and Dongfeng manufactured over 2.76 million whole vehicles that year with passenger cars comprising 73% of manufacture. The number of cars counted as passenger vehicles may conflate consumer offerings and tiny commercial trucks and vans known as microvans , however. Dongfeng established its first research and development facility outside of China in October 2012 when it acquired

2178-421: The control of a single business entity and the merger of six truck production bases as well as a number of other companies previously controlled by provincial governments. Post-1985, further reforms took place that allowed Dongfeng greater autonomy; the company was removed from the direct administrative control of the central government. By the mid-1980s, its assets had tripled from those initially given to it by

2244-510: The development of Japan's first RFA series air-suspension buses and 10-ton-payload 6TW10 series trucks called "Jumbo" in overseas markets began. In 1960, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. acquired Minsei Diesel, and was renamed Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd . Forward-control trucks and truck tractors were also introduced. In 1963, there was the initial production of compact 4-cycle 40 kW (55PS) SD20 and 44 kW (60PS) SD22 diesel engines. 70 to 80-ton crane-carrier truck series were also introduced to

2310-450: The durability of the LD1 truck, the company went on a 3,000 km (1,864.1 mi) test drive across Japan. The drive went to the villages of Hakone , Osaka , Kyoto , Gero , Ikaho , Niigata and Aizu before returning to Kawaguchi. The route was on very primitive mountain roads and very rural conditions. The truck returned 13 days later on November 20 without incurring any failure, and soon

2376-497: The early 2000s. But its first was established in 1992 with French PSA Group . Known as Dongfeng Citroën Automobile Company (DCAC), it was the forerunner to the current Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile Limited (DPCA). By 2003, Dongfeng had established joint ventures with Kia Motors ( Dongfeng Yueda Kia , 2002 ), Honda ( Dongfeng Honda , 2003 ), and Nissan ( Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. , 2003 ). As of 2011, it had more Sino-foreign joint ventures than any other Chinese automaker, and

2442-575: The electric city car targeted at European market. Its main products, the Renault Group's Renault City K-ZE / Dacia Spring , Seres Group 's Fengon E1 and Nissan's Vanucia E30 (second generation) are rebadged by Dongfeng's Nano Box and EX1 city car. Dongfeng established its joint venture with American parts-maker Dana Holding Corporation , Dongfeng Dana Axle Co, c. 2005. As of 2011, Dana and Dongfeng both have 50% ownership of this joint venture. In January 2013, Dongfeng and Volvo agreed to form

2508-543: The establishment of PT Astra Nissan Diesel Indonesia, a joint venture company with Marubeni Corporation and Astra International , and the Dongfeng Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd, a joint venture company with Sumitomo Corporation and Dongfeng Motor Corporation. In 2000 Nissan Diesel introduced new heavy-duty trucks in Japan and Asian countries. It also acquired the sales operation from Nissan Diesel Sales Co., Ltd. In 2003, Nissan Motor and Nissan Diesel reached

2574-560: The foundation for the dieselisation of railroads in the 1940s and 1950s in the United States. Towards the end of the twentieth century, interest in aircraft diesel engines revived, with two-stroke examples such as the Superior Air Parts Gemini Diesel 100 under development as of 2015. The defining characteristic of the diesel engine is that it relies on compression ignition . As air is compressed it heats up. Fuel

2640-546: The joint ventures, DFL (or Dongfeng Nissan), formed in 2003, is the largest and sells Nissan-branded vehicles under its Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle Company (DFN) division. The DFN division also produces cars using Infiniti and Venucia branding. In 2017, DFL acquired 51% stake in Zhengzhou Nissan (total 79.651%) from its own subsidiary (at the time) Dongfeng Automobile Company Ltd. (DFAC) to consolidate Nissan China operations under DFL. Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle (DFCV)

2706-411: The larger Jumo 204 , was not put into production, the later Napier Deltic incorporated a redesigned triangular arrangement with three cylinders per bank, and was successfully adopted in locomotive and marine applications, well into the postwar era. From 1923 until 1982, MAN had been using reverse flow scavenging for their marine two-stroke engines. From 1945, a slide valve for the ram induction effect

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2772-421: The line-up. 1969 saw the introduction of 4-cycle 136 kW (185PS) PD6 and 99 kW (135 PS) ND6 diesel engines for heavy-duty vehicles. Diesel products were sold in Japan at a separate dealership sales channel called Nissan Diesel . In 1969, the 780-series replaced the 680-series bonneted truck. In 1971 the heavy Nissan Diesel C-series arrived, being replaced by the second generation in 1979. 1972 saw

2838-627: The marketing of V-type 206 kW (280 PS) RD8 and 257 kW (350 PS) RD10 diesel engines. In 1973, light-duty trucks were produced for the Nissan Motor Company . In 1982 there was the introduction of new forward-control cab for the CWA52/45 series trucks (sold as the Nissan Diesel Resona in Japan), CKA-T series truck tractors and ultra-modern U(A)21, U(A)31, RA51 series buses. As of 1985

2904-668: The most common fuels are residue oils . Günter Mau argues that no uniform standards for such fuels exist, which is why they have several different colloquial names, including Marine Intermediate Fuel , Heavy Fuel Oil , Marine Bunker Fuel , and Bunker C Fuel . Heavy fuel oils were also used in the Jumo 205 two-stroke diesel aircraft engine. In the 1960s, residue oils were "concocted on the basis of refinery waste". Residue oils are of very low quality with high viscosity and low cetane numbers , but cheap and thus economical to use. Dongfeng Motor Corporation Dongfeng Motor Corporation Ltd.

2970-634: The national and provincial levels. Alongside First Automotive Works it saw the successful dismantling of the Automobile Corporation, a central government entity presumably tasked with preventing non-competitive business practices through dictating output volumes and curtailing purchasing as well as exasperation at the right of the State to make managerial appointments. The Chinese partner in many Sino-foreign joint venture companies, Dongfeng initiated most of these cooperative efforts with foreign firms in

3036-535: The opposed piston two-stroke diesel engine was originally invented by Hugo Junkers . During World War I, MAN Nürnberg built a six-cylinder, double-acting piston, two-stroke diesel engine with a rated power of 12,400 PS (9,120 kW; 12,230 hp). MAN moved their two-stroke diesel engine department from Nürnberg to Augsburg in 1919. By 1939, several two-stroke diesel types were in widespread use, and others were being developed for high-power applications,. Of several two-stroke aircraft diesel engine concepts,

3102-778: The owner of UD Trucks, completing the sale with Volvo. UD Trucks are marketed in over 60 countries. Some of the main markets are Japan, South Africa, Australia, Asia and the Middle East. UD Trucks Southern Africa's head office and assembly plant is in Rosslyn, Gauteng and includes a competency development centre. There are 36 UD Trucks dealers and service agents in South Africa and another 30 in other southern African countries, including Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Former truck models: UD Trucks ceased its Japanese bus production in 2011, but in 2014 launched

3168-572: The percentage of consumer offerings was likely lower as passenger car counts may include microvans , tiny commercial vehicles that are popular in China. Between 1978 and 1985 alongside the market-based Chinese economic reforms instituted by Deng Xiaoping , Dongfeng was transformed from a manufacturer of two heavy-duty trucks with fragmented operations and ownership into a single, centrally managed enterprise. This process included placing all Dongfeng operations—from part manufacture to vehicle assembly—under

3234-404: The petrol or gasoline used in spark-ignition engines, making them less volatile with a higher flash point and giving them higher energy density . They are therefore easier and safer to handle and occupy less volume for a given amount of energy. Two stroke diesels usually burn even heavier grades of fuel oil than standard diesel fuels . In two-stroke marine diesel engines for sea-going craft,

3300-501: The poppet-type exhaust valves and the Unit injector , using three lobes: two lobes for exhaust valves (either two valves on the smallest engines or four valves on the largest, and a third lobe for the unit injector). Specific to EMD two-stroke engines ( 567 , 645 , and 710 ): Specific to GM two-stroke ( 6-71 ) and related on-road/off-road/marine two-stroke engines: Fuels used in diesel engines can be composed of heavier hydrocarbon oils than

3366-551: The remaining ones are fixed by the mechanical design of the engines. The scavenging ports are open from 45 degrees before BDC, to 45 degrees after BDC. However, some manufacturers make the scavenging port timing asymmetric by offsetting the crankshaft. The remaining, adjustable, parameters have to do with exhaust valve and injection timing (these two parameters are not necessarily symmetrical about TDC or, for that matter, BDC), they are established to maximize combustion gas exhaust and to maximize charge air intake. A single camshaft operates

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3432-532: The same time Nissan Diesel Trucks Japan, a 100% owned sales company of UD Trucks in Japan, changed its name to UD Trucks Japan . On September 12, 2012, UD Trucks of North America announced that it will no longer be part of the North American truck market. Reasons given for this decision was a combination of factors, including the continued shrinking of the cab-over-engine market segment and the accelerating cost of regulatory compliance. In 2013, UD Trucks launched

3498-610: The site in Shiyan, but were abruptly halted. As the Chinese economy improved, and as a result of the Sino-Soviet split , production of military trucks came into the spotlight again, and construction of the Second Automobile Works ( 第二汽车制造厂 ) was included in the third five-year plan in 1965. The company was officially founded in 1969 at a village of 100 residents, that would later grow to become Shiyan city. This remote location

3564-469: The stages overlap through most of the engine's operation. This makes its thermodynamic and aerodynamic processes more complex. Because the four-stroke cylinder fires only every other revolution, the power output of the two-stroke cycle is theoretically twice as much. However, the scavenging losses make this advantage difficult to achieve in practice. In most EMD and GM (i.e. Detroit Diesel ) two-stroke engines, very few parameters are adjustable and all

3630-474: The state in 1981, and management was desirous of even greater production capacity. But in 1995, the company was experiencing financial difficulties as was the case with many Chinese automobile manufacturers at this time. The situation was still dire in 1998 precipitating a 1999 restructuring of the company. In 1992, the company changed its name to Dongfeng, or "East Wind" in Chinese. This state owned enterprise has come into conflict with authority at both

3696-547: The trucks’ reliability became known. In 1940 production of 4.5-ton-payload TT6 series trucks started, and in 1942 the company was now known as Kanega-Fuchi Diesel Co., Ltd. In development of 7.5-ton-payload TN93 series trucks, featuring the largest payload capacity in the Japanese market, and the nation's first monocoque -type BR3 series buses with rear-mounted engines. In 1946 the company name changed to Minsei Industries, Ltd. In 1949 development of 7.5-ton-payload TN93 series trucks started. In 1950 Minsei Diesel Industries, Ltd.

3762-469: The word 股份 ) (share). In 2020, Dongfeng dissolved its ventures Dongfeng Renault , Dongfeng Yulon and withdrawn from Dongfeng Yueda Kia in 2021. On June 12, 2020, the mass-produced version of the Dongfeng Sharing-VAN 1.0 rolled off the production line at its technical center, demonstrating Dongfeng's 5G-enabled autonomous vehicle with level 4 applications. Dongfeng Motor Corporation (DFM)

3828-459: Was abandoned in 1901. In 1908, MAN Nürnberg offered single-acting piston two-stroke diesel engines for marine use, the first double-acting piston engine from MAN Nürnberg was made in 1912 for an electric power plant. In collaboration with Blohm + Voss in Hamburg , MAN Nürnberg built the first double-acting piston two-stroke engine for marine use in 1913/1914. Paul Henry Schweitzer argues that

3894-464: Was also the first civilian truck by the company. At its peak the EQ140 held a domestic market share of 66%. In 1986, Dongfeng surpassed 100,000 vehicles produced annually. In 1987, a new 3-ton model was launched. Traditionally manufacturing commercial vehicles, by 2001 these made up about 73% of Dongfeng's production. By 2012, that figure had reversed, and 73% of manufactures were passenger cars. However,

3960-522: Was chosen as its topography consisted of over 40 shallow valleys, allowing factories to be concealed, while also being on the route of the Xiangyang–Chongqing railway . Due to its remote countryside location with limited equipment, the company only managed to produce 200 automobiles by 1972. In 1975, the first EQ240 2.5-ton Dongfeng truck was produced, followed by the EQ140 5-ton model in 1978, which

4026-449: Was chosen as the proposed site. The reasoning is also mentioned in a dictate of Chairman Mao Zedong ; as part of his " Third Front " strategy However, due to the poor state of the economy, the plans were shelved. In 1957, Hunan was picked as the site for the proposed truck factory, as the Yangtze basin area of the province didn't have any heavy industry yet. In 1960 preparations started at

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4092-459: Was created for the collaborative development and sale of electric vehicles in China. Renault and Nissan each hold a 25% stake in eGT, while Dongfeng owns the remaining 50% of the shares. eGT has established its production facility in Shiyan City, Hubei Province, located in the central region of China. The joint venture shares the production line and supply chain with Dongfeng Nammi and produces

4158-412: Was installed, and from 1954, constant gas flow supercharging with intercooling was used. The supercharging was achieved with the combination of four supercharging methods: a crankshaft-driven roots type supercharger, a turbo supercharger, the engine pistons' undersides, and a supercharger powered by an electric motor. The slide valve for the ram induction effect eventually proved to be prone to failure and

4224-565: Was launched in July 2009 using the Chinese name Fengshen (风神), and was later renamed to Aeolus as the English name. Several models during the 2010s was produced with support from PSA Peugeot Citroën and in the same factories that produce its Peugeot and Citroën-branded products for the Chinese market. The Aeolus S30 may have been the first instance of Dongfeng using its own "Dual Sparrows" logo in combination with its name. In August 2023, Aeolus became

4290-552: Was rendered obsolete by increasing supercharging rates in the early 1960s. In the early 1980s, all major two-stroke diesel engine manufacturers switched from reverse flow scavenging to uniflow scavenging, because the latter, despite being more complicated, allows a higher engine efficiency and thus lower fuel consumption. Charles F. Kettering and colleagues, working at the General Motors Research Corporation and GM's subsidiary Winton Engine Corporation during

4356-557: Was spun off from Minsei Industries; and the company was on the way to becoming a comprehensive transport equipment manufacturer. In 1955 the UD name was born, when Minsei Diesel Industries introduced a range uniflow-scavenging 2-cycle diesel engine. Of course, the UD stood for "Uniflow Diesel", named after the engine they had invented for use in their trucks. The production of various trucks and buses with 81 kW (110 PS) UD3, 110 kW (150 PS) UD4 and 169 kW (230 PS) UD6 engines began. In 1957

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