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20-512: Under the Engishiki classification system, Mimasaka was ranked as one of the 35 "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "near countries" (近国) in terms of distance from the capital. The provincial capital was located in what is now the city of Tsuyama . Mimasaka was a landlocked province on the southern side of the Chugoku Mountains . The area is very mountainous, and

40-603: A type of Shinto shrine. It means a shrine that appears in the Rikkokushi (六国史) but not in the Engishiki Jinmyocho The Rikkokushi or the Six Official Histories, includes Nihon shoki , Shoku nihongi , Nihon kōki , Shoku nihon kōki , Montoku jitsuroku , and Sandai jitsuroku . They chronicle the mythology and history of Japan from the earliest times to 887. The six histories were written at

60-717: Is divided into three major river basins. In the east is the Asahi River which flows through the Maniwa Basin. In the center is the Yoshii River, which flows through the Tsuyama Basin. To the west is the Mimasaka area, which contains three smaller river basins. Due to this geography, the main transportation method in pre-modern times was by boat. In 713, at the suggestion of Bizen-no-kami Nanten - and Bizen-no-suke Kamitsukeno-no-Kenji

80-561: Is from it that many categorizations of Shinto shrines are found Myojin Taisha is a high rank of a Shinto shrine. These shrines are considered "great shrines" or "taisha" under the ancient system of shrine rankings. Myojin Taisha shrines are found throughout Japan, particularly in the Kyoto-Osaka region, including Yamashiro, Yamato, Ōmi, Mutsu, Tajima, and Kii provinces. There are 224 shrines that enshrine 310 kami listed as Myojin Taisha in

100-745: Is the Kokushi genzaisha (国史見在社) which refers to shrines which appear in the Rikkokushi (六国史) but not in the Engishiki. Shikinai Taisha (式内大社) are shrines that are listed in volumes 9 and 10 of the "Engishiki" as Shinto shrines, also known as Shikinaisha, that are ranked as major shrines. There are 492 of these shrines listed. This category includes both the historical shrines and their modern equivalents. However, shrines that are designated as " Myojin Taisha  [ ja ; simple ; zh ] " are not included in this category. Shikinai Shosha (式內小社) are shrines listed in

120-862: The kokufu have been located within what is now the city of Tsuyama. The site is now located under the Tsuyama Sōja shrine . The Mimasaka Kokubun-ji and the ruins of the Mimasaka Kokubun-niji as located nearby, The ichinomiya of the province is the Nakayama Shrine , also located in Tsuyama. During the Heian period , the area was part of the holdings of the Heike clan . In the Kamakura period , Kajiwara no Kagetoki followed by Wada Yoshimori served as shugo before

140-677: The Eita, Katsuta, Tomata, Kume, Mashima, and Oba districts of Bizen Province were separated into a new province, and, and Kamitsukeno-no-Kenji was appointed as the first governor of Mimasaka. This separation was the final stage of the disintegration of the former Kingdom of Kibi , and was intended to further weaken the Kibi clan by putting its iron resources directly under the control of the imperial government . In Mimasaka, there are many place names that are directly linked to people or places in Yamato. The ruins of

160-493: The Engishiki Jinmyocho . Additionally, there are 203 shrines with 285 kami listed for Myojinsai or "festivals for famed deities" in book 3 of Engishiki. While most of the shrines in these two listings overlap, there are some differences in names and numbers. There are several theories about these differences, but it is unclear why the lists differ. Myojin Taisha is one of the highest ranks of Shinto shrines. A related list

180-645: The Ukita clan . After the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, it became united again with Bizen Province under Kobayakawa Hideaki . After his death without heir only two years later, the Tokugawa shogunate assigned most of the province to the Mori clan as Tsuyama Domain . The Mori moved the capital of the province from the Innoshō area , to their newly built jōkamachi at Tsuyama . In 1697,

200-634: The Engi Era") is a Japanese book about laws and customs. The major part of the writing was completed in 927. In 905, Emperor Daigo ordered the compilation of the Engishiki . Although previous attempts at codification are known to have taken place, neither the Konin nor the Jogan Gishiki survive, making the Engishiki important for early Japanese historical and religious studies. Fujiwara no Tokihira began

220-553: The Engishiki Jinmyocho as minor shrines. Shikigeisha (式外社) refers to Shinto shrines that were known to have existed in the early 10th century when the Engishiki Jinmyocho  [ simple ] was being written, but were not included in it. Shikigeisha, therefore, were considered "off-register" or "unofficial" shrines that were not recognized by the government as official state shrines. Shikigeisha can be further classified into various categories, including shrines outside

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240-561: The Mori clan were replaced by a cadet branch of the Echizen- Matsudaira clan . The size of the domain was reduced to only 100,000 koku , and later to 50,000 koku . In 1767, another domain, Katsuyama Domain , with 23,000 koku , was created for the Miura clan . Mimasaka was the home of the samurai Miyamoto Musashi , the author of The Book of Five Rings . In 1871, following the abolition of

260-616: The Official Histories. 国史 (Kokushi) means official history, 見在 gensai means appearing and 社 sha means shrine. These are non-exhaustive lists of shrines of the given categories defined by the Engishiki Kokudaka Kokudaka ( 石高 ) refers to a system for determining land value for taxation purposes under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo-period Japan , and expressing this value in terms of koku of rice. One koku (roughly equivalent to five bushels )

280-451: The control of the imperial court, those with their own power and influence, shrines that integrated Buddhism into their practices, and shrines managed by Buddhist monks. Additionally, some Shikigeisha lacked proper formal shrine buildings. Shikigeisha contrast with Shikinaisha which are shrines that were recorded in the Engishiki. Kokushi genzaisha are a type of Shikigeisha which appear in the Rikkokushi . Kokushi genzaisha (国史見在社) are

300-554: The han system , Mimasaka was divided into Tsuyama, Mashima, Kurashiki, Tsuruta, Koromo, Koga, Ikuno, Akashi, Numata, and Tatsuno prefectures, which were merged with Okayama Prefecture inI 1876. Per the early Meiji period Kyudaka kyuryo Torishirabe-chō ( 旧高旧領取調帳 ) , an official government assessment of the nation's resources, the province had 766 villages, with a total kokudaka of 263,477 koku . [REDACTED] Media related to Mimasaka Province at Wikimedia Commons Engishiki The Engishiki ( 延喜式 , "Procedures of

320-474: The imperial court during the 8th and 9th centuries, under order of the Emperors. Kokushi gensaisha are also called kokushi shozaisha or "shrines that appear in the Official Histories". This gives them a high level of historical significance. Some of the shrines listed in the Engishiki Jinmyocho as Myojin Taisha also overlap with the kokushi genzaisha, but the term usually refers to shrines that are only mentioned in

340-789: The province came under the direct control of the Hōjō clan . In the Muromachi period , the Ashikaga clan took over the former Hōjō holdings. No central powerful local clan ever rose to prominence and the province changed hands frequently between warring factions in the Sengoku period . Control shifted between the Yamana clan , the Akamatsu clan , the Amago clan , the Urakami clan , and

360-429: The task, but work stalled when he died four years later in 909. His brother Fujiwara no Tadahira continued the work in 912 eventually completing it in 927. After a number of revisions, the work was used as a basis for reform starting in 967. The text is 50 volumes in lengths and is organized by department: Engishiki Jinmyocho is a part of the Engishiki where the main shrines and gods of Japan are listed. It

380-419: Was an estimate based on the total economic yield of the land in question, with the value of other crops and produce converted to their equivalent value in terms of rice. The ranking of precedence of the daimyō , or feudal rulers, was determined in part by the kokudaka of the territories under their administration. In 1650, the total kokudaka of Japan was assessed at 26 million koku , with

400-416: Was generally viewed as the equivalent of enough rice to feed one person for a year. The actual revenue or income derived from a holding varied from region to region, and depended on the amount of actual control the fief holder held over the territory in question, but averaged around 40 percent of the theoretical kokudaka . The amount of taxation was not based on the actual quantity of rice harvested, but

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