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77-459: The exhibition was originally established in 1923 as a biennial architecture and industrial design event. The first five editions took place in Monza . In 1933 the exhibition was relocated to Milan and the format was changed to a triennial basis. The designated venue was the new Palazzo dell’Arte designed by architect Giovanni Muzio , featuring Gio Ponti 's Torre Branca . The Triennial was recognised by

154-519: A department of the University of Milano-Bicocca , a Court of Justice and several offices of regional administration. Monza Park is one of the largest urban parks in Europe. Monza is located in the high plains of Lombardy , between Brianza and Milan , at an altitude of 162 metres (531 feet) above sea level . It is 15 kilometres (9 mi) from the centre of the region's capital, although when considering

231-520: A parallel dominated by a humid continental climate ( Dfb ), the territory is well sheltered from the mountain ranges , and from the climatic point of view, enjoys the beneficial influences of the lake's waters and the breath of the Tivano that blows from the Valtellina from the northeast all year round in the early hours of the morning. Its absence indicates bad weather. Breva is another wind that runs towards

308-510: A power struggle between the emperor Conrad II , and Aribert. When the emperor died, he left important donations to the church of Monza. In the 12th century, it is estimated that the city of Monza had about 7,000 inhabitants. Agriculture was the main occupation, although crafts had begun to grow in importance. In 1128 Conrad III of Hohenstaufen was crowned King of Italy in the Church of San Michele at Monza. In 1136 emperor Lothair III guaranteed

385-448: A regional park was established to protect local flora and fauna. Traditional dresses The traditional women's dress in Lecco was linked to the image of Lucia of The Betrothed and is characterized by the ray of silver pins, called "guazze", which crown the head. Manzoni procession Although discontinuously organized, the tradition of the parade of floats inspired by the episodes of

462-679: A river. » The municipal territory covers an area of about 45.93 km (17.73 sq mi). It is located in a wide valley bordered by the Prealps to the east and Lake Lario to the west, at the point where Lake Lario ends and the Adda river resumes its course and then re-expands into Lake Garlate . The territory is crossed by three main streams: the Gerenzone, the Calderone and the Bione. The mountains that surround

539-613: A very important role in the Lombard Risorgimento. When the Milanese insurrection against Austria started in March 1848, a priest, Don Antonio Mascari, incited rebellion from the pulpit, but the insurrection that took place on the night between 18th and March 19 was unsuccessful. By decree of June 22, 1848, the provisional government of Lombardy (the Austrian government had lapsed following

616-713: Is a city and comune (municipality) on the River Lambro , a tributary of the River Po , in the Lombardy region of Italy , about 15 kilometres (9 miles) north-northeast of Milan . It is the capital of the province of Monza and Brianza . Monza is best known for its Grand Prix motor racing circuit, the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza , which hosts the Formula One Italian Grand Prix . On 11 June 2004, Monza

693-620: Is a city of approximately 47,000 inhabitants in Lombardy , Northern Italy , 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Milan . It lies at the end of the south-eastern branch of Lake Como (the branch is named Branch of Lecco / Ramo di Lecco ). The Bergamo Alps rise to the north and east, cut through by the Valsassina of which Lecco marks the southern end. The lake, narrows to form the River Adda , so bridges were built to improve road communications with Como and Milan. There are four bridges crossing

770-519: Is also called "the Iron city". Lecco has a population of 46,831 inhabitants, as of 2021. The origin of the toponym Lecco is not certain: it probably has a Celtic origin (Lech or Loch) words that mean lake. Shortly before the year 1000 B.C., some populations of Gauls and Celts migrated to the territory of Lecco for trade. "Leucos" was the name given by the Gauls who inhabited these areas until Romans transformed

847-409: Is in remembrance of June 6, 1859, when the inhabitants of the district went to Lecco to cheer General Giuseppe Garibaldi, accompanying him during the march with songs similar to the cicadas. Manzoni's places are the places, or what remains of them, that served as an inspiration to the writer and mentioned in the novel The Betrothed . A historical-literary-tourist itinerary, among the few old parts of

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924-461: Is not open to visitors as the house appears to be a private residence. The popular tradition points out another house of Lucia in Via Resegone, in the hamlet of Acquate, where there is an old inn, from whose courtyard you can clearly see the hill of Don Rodrigo's Palace. It is a small chapel located on the side of the pedestrian Via Tonio and Gervaso, described by the literary tradition of Manzoni as

1001-489: Is preceded by the regatta of the "Lucie", the boats typical of the lake, and different representations of historical uses and customs typical of the area. Scigamatt Race Born in the district of Acquate during the event of the Scigalott d'Or (the name derives from the Lecco dialects Cicala d'oro), the race was held during the odd years on an obstacle course of 4 km (2.5 mi) in a mixed asphalt and dirt road. The event

1078-570: Is so named because of its multiple rocky teeth that, seen from the town, make it resemble a saw of gigantic size; Monte Serada dominates imposingly with its offshoots, which are the Piani d'Erna and the Pian Serada. To the southeast, beyond Maggianico, the greatest elevation is represented by the Magnodeno. To the west, there are the hills of north-eastern Brianza , among which stands out Mount Barro in which

1155-606: The Bureau of International Expositions (BIE) in 1933. With Ponti and artist Mario Sironi at the helm, the 5th Triennale expanded its field to visual art, with mural paintings made by artists such as Giorgio de Chirico , Massimo Campigli and Carlo Carrà . Other artists who exhibited their work at the Triennial over the years include Lucio Fontana , Enrico Baj , Arturo Martini , Gio Pomodoro , Alberto Burri , Mario Merz , Giulio Paolini and Michelangelo Pistoletto . The Triennial

1232-555: The Duchy of Milan was assigned to the House of Habsburg of Austria. This historical period is a season of rebirth of the city, with a considerable development of agriculture and crafts. Empress Maria Theresa built the Royal Villa of Monza for her son Ferdinand, Governor of Milan (1777–1780). The choice of Monza was due not only to the beauty of the landscape, but also its strategic position and

1309-763: The Order of the Iron Crown . Monza received the title of Imperial City. The Viceroy of Italy, Eugène de Beauharnais , was appointed in August 1805 and he settled in the Villa of Monza. In 1807 the castle was demolished. In the fall of the First Empire (1815), Austria annexed the Italian territories to the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia , Monza being included in the province of Milan. The Monzesi asked for

1386-584: The Po valley, with cool, short winters and warm summers; temperatures are very similar to nearby Milan , averaging 2 °C (36 °F) in January, the coldest month, to about 23 °C (73 °F) in July, the warmest. Precipitation is abundant, with most occurring in the autumn and the least in winter and summer; despite this, the city and surrounding area usually does not suffer drought in any season. Funerary urns found in

1463-704: The Second Italian War of Independence , Lombardy became part of the Kingdom of Sardinia . But the treasure and the Iron Crown had been transferred to Vienna by the Austrians and was returned to Monza only after the conclusion of the Third War of Italian Independence (December 1866). On 31 December 1895 Monza had about 37,500 permanent inhabitants. The economy was based on the production of wheat, corn, fodder, potatoes, oats, rye and vegetables in general. Another source of wealth

1540-404: The 19th century, under the Austrian dominion, the city went through a particularly flourishing period during which palaces and arcades in neoclassical style were constructed. After the unification of Italy, Lecco established itself as one of the most important industrial centers of the nation thanks to the development of the steel industries, already active in the 12th century. For this reason, Lecco

1617-506: The Austrian army regains possession of the region and permanently brings Lecco back to the province of Como in 1816 (from which it will become independent only in 1995) and definitively divides the city into many small municipalities that will be re-established in 1923, during the Fascist 20th anniversary. In the period of the Kingdom of Lombardy-Veneto, Lecco experienced positive effects: numerous interventions of modernization and development of

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1694-823: The Basilica and the Chapter Library books, and transferred them to the National Library in Paris. The Iron Crown was left provisionally in Monza. In 1805, the Italian Republic became the Kingdom of Italy with its capital in Milan. On 26 May 1805, the Iron Crown was in Milan for the coronation of Napoleon Bonaparte , who put it on his head, uttering the famous phrase "God gave it to me, woe to anyone who touches it." Napoleon also established

1771-628: The Five Days of Milan insurrection) promoted Lecco to the rank of City, thanks to the contribution that the city was making to the Cause of Risorgimento. However, Lecco was again downgraded to Borgo in 1859. In 1859, with the Second War of Independence , Lecco and Lombardy were conquered by the Kingdom of Sardinia and, in the same year, it re-entered the title of City. In 1923, the municipal territory, which has now become insufficient to contain urban expansion,

1848-574: The French as a symbol of aristocratic power, the Royal Villa was destined for demolition. However, the protests of citizens stopped the process, although the abandonment caused the complex to decay. Two-thirds of the gold and silver treasures of the Monza Cathedral were delivered to the mint of Milan, which turned them into coins used for military expenses. Bonaparte also took possession of the treasures of

1925-588: The Innominato's stronghold and Villa Manzoni in the Caleotto district (today the Manzonian Civic Museum), and the residence of Manzoni's family in which he lived his childhood, adolescence, and early youth as he wrote in the introduction of the novel Fermo and Lucia . Situated in the district of Pescarenico, this church is now dedicated to Saints Lucia and Materno. In The Betrothed , Manzoni cites this place as

2002-613: The Insubres themselves, founded a village on the Lambro. The ruins of a Roman bridge named Ponte d'Arena can be seen near today's Ponte dei Leoni (Lions Bridge). Theodelinda , daughter of Garibald I of Bavaria and wife of the Lombard king Authari (and later of king Agilulf ), chose Monza as her summer residence. Here in 595 she founded an oraculum dedicated to St. John the Baptist. According to

2079-508: The River Lambro. In 1327 Galeazzo himself was imprisoned in the Forni , by order of emperor Louis IV . He was released the next year. In April 1329, the condottiero Pinalla Aliprandi regained Monza from the imperial troops. Azzone Visconti allowed the reconstruction of the walls, beginning in 1333 and lasting until 1381. Martino Aliprandi was podestà of Monza from 1334 to 1336, overseeing

2156-701: The Rocca di Chiuso. The settlement of the Golasecchiani Celts in the area precedes the arrival of the Celts by more than 4 centuries. In 2005, other excavations of the Civic Museums of Lecco and the University of Bergamo unearthed the oldest metallurgical production site in the entire Alpine arc (2nd century B.C. – 1st century B.C.) at piani d'Erna. As the nodal point of several streets that put Lombardy in communication with

2233-530: The September 1943 Italian Armistice , the area was occupied by the Germans. In the second half of the century, the city experienced a significant increase in population and subsequent building development. With the development of various activities occurring problems related to traffic and links to nearby towns, especially with Milan. At the beginning of the century, Monza had about 120,000 inhabitants. The city became

2310-509: The Spanish governor of Milan and commander of the imperial troops, sacked the city in 1527. In the same year, a mine exploded causing the partial destruction of the Castle of Monza. De Leyva became Lord of Monza in 1529, devoting himself to the government regulation of ecclesiastical affairs, controlling their taxes and duties and shutting the doors of those who did not pay. His relative Marianna de Leyva

2387-455: The Torriani faction, with many enlisted soldiers under his command. He was acclaimed Lord of Monza by the people in 1322. The same year, Luchino Visconti and Francesco Garbagnate demolished the walls of Monza to prevent it from defending itself against attacks from the Milanese. In 1325 Galeazzo I Visconti , who conquered the city after a long siege, began the construction of new defences. Among

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2464-519: The ancient paths that lead from the historic center to the summit of Resegone, erased over the years due to the urbanization of the city. Batej Regatta It is the traditional regatta that takes place on the banks of the Adda river in July (variable date), on the occasion of the Palio delle contrade in Pescarenico. The boats are eight, each of them in different colors to represent the districts. The regatta

2541-599: The capital of the Province of Monza and Brianza on 11 June 2004. In 2009–2013 a tunnel was built to supplement the Viale Lombardia ( SS36 national road), one of the busiest streets in Europe. In the course of its history, Monza withstood thirty-two sieges, but the Porta d'Agrate is all that remains of its original walls and fortifications. Nearby is the nunnery in which the Nun of Monza

2618-454: The cities borders, they are separated by less than 5 km (3 miles). Monza is about 40 km (25 mi) from Lecco and Como . Monza shares its position with Milan in the same metro area, and is a big part of its new province. Monza is crossed from north to south by the Lambro . The river enters Monza from the north, between Via Aliprandi and Via Zanzi streets. This is an artificial fork of

2695-567: The city again regained its independence from Milan, a city hostile to the emperor. Frederick declared that Monza was his property and also gave the Curraria (the right to levy customs on the streets), a right usually granted only to royal seats. During the period of the struggle against Milan and other cities of the Lombard League , Monza was primarily an administrative centre for Barbarossa. Monzan independence lasted until 1185 when Barbarossa ended

2772-772: The city is located in one of the vortices of the Larian Triangle . It overlooks the eastern branch of Lake Como and is included in the Orobic Prealps, between the Grigne mountain chain and the Resegone. As strategic crossroads for Valtellina, Lecco assumed increasing importance during the Middle Ages when it was annexed to the Duchy of Milan following the Peace of Constance . During the second half of

2849-609: The city spared from the urban expansion linked to industrial development, was created. Some places are historical, such as the monastery of Fra Cristoforo in Pescarenico or the Azzone Visconti bridge, others are indicated by tradition, such as the alleged house of Lucia Mondella in the district of Olate, the tabernacle of the Bravi, the Palazzotto of Don Rodrigo, the house of the tailor in Chiuso,

2926-399: The city. New roads are opened, including the King Ferdinand road (now Via Vittorio Emanuele), while in 1842 the Bridge of Lions was erected near the old Roman bridge. In 1841 the first railway connecting Milan and Monza was inaugurated. Monza took part in the Five Days of Milan (22–23 March 1848) Monza, expelling the Austrian garrison. The Austrians returned in 1849. In 1859, at the end of

3003-574: The community of Lecco, which included the entire current municipal territory, evolved as a free municipality with its statutes and, until 1757, was de facto a small autonomous state (with its own civil and criminal law), but inserted in the largest Duchy of Milan. With the fall of the Duchy of Milan, Lecco passed to Spanish dominium and, under Charles V , was transformed into a military stronghold. In this period, it suffered, as all Milanese territory, from plagues and famines, which Manzoni admirably described in The Betrothed . In 1714, Lombardy passed to

3080-418: The conflict with the Lombard League with the peace of Constance . He allowed the city of Milan to self-rule its subjects again while taking possession of the treasury of the cathedral. In 1185 Henry VI , son of Barbarossa, was crowned king at Monza, on the occasion of his marriage to Queen Constanza of Sicily , heir to the Norman kingdom. As early as the 12th century, Monza was a fortified place, although

3157-469: The construction of the walls and the fortification of the fortress. In 1354 Pope Innocent VI proclaimed the undisputed right to impose, in the Cathedral of Monza, the Crown of Italy, the Iron Crown. In 1380 Gian Galeazzo Visconti donated the castle to his wife Catherine, who died there after having been jailed by her son Giovanni Maria (1404). In 1407 Estorre Visconti was proclaimed Lord of Monza and began minting Monza's own coinage. Antonio de Leyva ,

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3234-413: The control of Habsburgs of Austria. In 1784, Joseph II of Austria visited the city and decided to destroy the walls. With the descent of Napoleon and the birth of the Cisalpine Republic in 1797, the Riviera di Lecco is part of the ephemeral Mountain Department. In 1799, Russian and French troops fought here during the War of the Second Coalition . In 1814, after the final defeat of Napoleon ,

3311-459: The conventual seat of Fra Cristoforo. The alleged house of Lucia is located in Via Caldone 19 in the district of Olate (which at the time was separated from Lecco); designated by various scholars of manzonian topography as the village of the spouses, it is a typical example of the spontaneous architecture of Lecco. Through a portal decorated with a sixteenth-century Annunciation, you pass in the rustic courtyard, overlooked by an old tower, although it

3388-485: The crossing of nave and transept , but at the close of the 13th century, the chapel was enlarged by enclosing the former atrium within the building. The frescoed chapel houses the Iron Crown of Lombardy , said to include one of the nails used at the Crucifixion of Jesus. The treasury also contains the crown, fan and gold comb of Theodelinda , and, as well as Gothic crosses and reliquaries, a golden hen and seven chickens, representing Lombardy and her seven provinces. Though

3465-401: The denomination into Leucum under Julius Caesar’s domination around 200 B.C.; so the hypothesis put forward by historians who have identified in Lecco the Roman city founded in 95 b.C. by Licinius Crassus in the Larian area with the name of Leucera was excluded. In 1988, excavations of the Civic Museums of Lecco led to the discovery of a village of the Culture of Golasecca (first Iron Age) at

3542-428: The fact that it was connected to Vienna as well as its proximity to Milan. The construction was completed in three years with design by architect Giuseppe Piermarini from Foligno. At the conclusion of the Italian campaign of Napoleon Bonaparte (1796), the Duchy of Milan was acquired first by the French Republic and then entered the Cisalpine Republic (which, in 1802, became the Italian Republic ). Considered by

3619-459: The independence of the clergy of Monza from Milan. Monza subsequently regained its autonomy, which was not limited to the feudal government of lands and goods; the archpriest of Monza was confirmed the authority of the clergy of his church (year 1150). This autonomy was never absolute, as the church of Monza was not able to completely cut its ties with the bishop of Milan. Frederick I Barbarossa visited Monza twice (1158 and 1163). During this period

3696-612: The interior has suffered changes, there is a fine relief by Matteo da Campione representing a royal Lombard coronation, and some 15th-century frescoes with scenes from the life of Theodelinda. The historical centre also includes the following buildings: Other villas includes the Mirabello, Mirabellino, Durini, Crivelli Mesmer, Prata, Villa Archinto Pennati , Calloni and Villa Carminati-Ferrario . Lecco Lecco ( US : / ˈ l ɛ k oʊ , ˈ l eɪ k oʊ / , Italian: [ˈlekko] , locally [ˈlɛkko] ; Lecchese : Lècch [ˈlɛk] )

3773-408: The lake area to the maximum altitude of 1,875 metres (6,152 ft) above the sea level of Mount Resegone and this condition offers the city three different areas characterized by different morphologic and climatic characteristics. The hydrography consists mainly of the stretch of the Adda river leaving the eastern branch of Lake Como and a series of streams, with their tributaries, which originate in

3850-415: The lake, from the south to the north and indicator of good weather. « That branch of the Lake of Como, which turns toward the south between two unbroken chains of mountains, presenting to the eye a succession of bays and gulfs, formed by their jutting and retiring ridges, suddenly contracts itself between a headland to the right and an extended sloping bank on the left, and assumes the flow and appearance of

3927-439: The late 19th century show that humans were in the area dating at the least to the Bronze Age , when people would have lived in pile dwelling settlements raised above the rivers and marshes. During the Roman Empire , Monza was known as Modicia . During the 3rd century BCE , the Romans subdued the Insubres , a Gaul tribe that had crossed the Alps and settled around Mediolanum (now Milan). A Gallo-Celtic tribe, perhaps

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4004-482: The legend, Theodelinda, asleep while her husband was hunting, saw a dove in a dream that told her: modo (Latin for "here") indicating that she should build the oraculum in that place, and the queen answered etiam , meaning "yes". According to this legend, the medieval name of Monza, "Modoetia", is derived from these two words. She also had a palace (the future Royal palace) built here. Berengar I of Italy (850–924) located his headquarters in Monza. A fortified castrum

4081-409: The mountain range. Lecco is delimited, to the north rises the massif of Monte Coltignone, mainly of limestone and dolomia of Esino , directly overlooking the lower peaks, such as Monte San Martino (Lecco), Monte Melma, and Monte Albano. To the east, the Resegone group, which, with its 1875 meters above the level of the sea, dominates the city characterizing the Lombard landscape up to Milan . Resegone

4158-449: The natural, wide valley are: to the north Monte Coltignone and San Martino , to the east mount Due Mani , Pizzo d'Erna and Resegone , to the south the Magnodeno , to the west, on the right bank of the Adda River, is Mount Barro . On the Adda river, near the Azzone Visconti bridge, there is the small Viscontea Island. The territory has a very variable altitude distribution: it ranges from 198 metres (650 ft) above sea level in

4235-445: The novel comes from the meticulous visual memories of the landscape that the writer saw from this villa. Bus services in Lecco were provided mainly by Servizi Automobilistici Lecchesi, until 2017, when the company merged into SAB Bergamo, creating Arriva Italia . Bus services to Como are provided by ASF Autolinee , while Flixbus caters for longer distance bus relations. The urban bus services in Lecco, managed by Linee Lecco, are

4312-445: The novel is well-rooted in the territory. The first edition took place in 1923, on the fiftieth anniversary of Manzoni's death. The procession was re-proposed in 1933, 1955, 1965, 2004, and October 2005, during the celebrations of the Festa di Lecco with 11 stage performances curated by 150 actors of the Teatro tascabile in Bergamo, along the old town center. Carnevalone of Lecco In February, since 1884 (edition n° 136 in 2020), on

4389-466: The occasion of the "Carnevalone di Lecco", there is the usual coronation of King Resegone and Regina Grigna, where the Mayor hands them the keys to the city to initiate the carnival folklore, that reaches its peak, according to the Ambrosian rite the city follows, with the Fat Saturday day and the traditional procession of floats. ResegUp It is a trail running that usually takes place on the first Saturday of June. Established in 2010, it aims to retrace

4466-401: The place of the famous stakeout of Don Abbondio by the Bravi to tell him the message of their lord Don Rodrigo. The paternal residence of Alessandro Manzoni has a neoclassical style and it is located in the Caleotto district; it houses the Civic Museum of Manzoni and the Municipal Art Gallery. The building is considered the symbol of the link between Manzoni and the city of Lecco. The incipit of

4543-411: The processing of cotton, mechanics, hat factories and industries. Between the two world wars , the city's industrial structure did not undergo substantial change while recording significant increases in production volumes. The Autodromo (1922) and a golf course (1925) were built in the park. The Second World War , between 1940 and 1945, caused several bombings of Monza, with civilian casualties; after

4620-413: The projects was the bifurcation of the River Lambro (the "Lambretto" branch) and the construction of a castle , the third in Monza. It included a 42 metres (138 ft) tall-tower, later used as a jail ( Forni ). The Castle of Monza was later expanded to such a degree that it was necessary to demolish the St. Mary of Ingino church as space was needed for new buildings. Two other towers were also built along

4697-400: The restoration of all the treasures taken by the French. In 1816 the city returned the possession of the books of the Treasury and Chapter Library. The Crown of Agilulf, however, had been melted in Paris . The next emperor Ferdinand I of Austria had himself crowned King of Lombardy and Venetia in Milan with the Iron Crown (6 September 1838), with the opportunity to extend various benefits to

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4774-440: The river Adda in Lecco: the Azzone Visconti Bridge (1336–1338), the Kennedy Bridge (1956), the Alessandro Manzoni Bridge (1985), and a railroad bridge. Lecco was also Alpine Town of the Year in 2013. Lecco obtained the title of city on June 22, 1848, and was elevated to province by decree of the President of the Republic of March 6, 1992. Known for being the place where the writer Alessandro Manzoni set The Betrothed ,

4851-413: The river, created for defensive purposes in the early decades of the 14th century. The fork is known as Lambretto and it rejoins the main course of the Lambro as it exits to the south, leaving Monza through the now-demolished ancient circle of medieval walls. Another artificial stream is the Canale Villoresi , which was constructed in the late 19th century. Monza has a typical sub mediterranean climate of

4928-413: The status of free city had changed its economical role. Agricultural activities were now paired by the production of clothes, while wool processing developed on large farms outside the walls. Monza was increasingly linked to events of Milan and shared its history and enemies: in 1255 the city was sacked by the Ghibellines , and in 1259 and Ezzelino III da Romano tried to seize the castle of Monza but

5005-425: The territories of Oltralpe, the region becomes the scene of clashes and decisive battles. The fortified system of Lecco (Castrum Leuci) became the seat, with the Carolingian, of an important Committee entrusted to the Attonid family. In 960, Lecco was submitted to the lordship of the Archbishop of Milan. Throughout the Middle Ages and the Modern Age, the name of Lecco did not indicate an inhabited center but included

5082-466: The territory, such as the introduction of an efficient bureaucracy, the increase of the cadastre and industrial development that led to widespread well-being. In the 19th century, Lecco became one of the beating hearts of Italian culture: the Scapigliati , a famous group of Milanese writers made Maggianico one of their favorite meeting places. The cultural ferment of the period was also associated with political ferment, and Lecco and its inhabitants played

5159-404: The victors set it on fire. Later, Lecco became involved in the struggles between the powerful Milanese families Visconti and Torriani (the owners of the Valsassina territories). In 1296, the struggles led Matthew I Visconti to destroy the village giving orders that it would never rise again. Despite the destruction, Lecco was rebuilt and reconquered by Azzone Visconti. Throughout the period

5236-449: The walled city. The Glossary of Monza, one of the earliest examples of the evolution of the Italian language, probably dates to the early 10th century. In 1000 Emperor Otto III became the protector of Monza and its possessions: Bulciago , Cremella , Lurago , Locate and Garlate . In 1018, Aribert (970–1045), Lord of Monza, was consecrated bishop of Milan , resulting in the city losing its independence from its rival. These years saw

5313-421: The whole area between the lake and Valsassina. Lecco was a polycentric settlement, in which the various districts were closely interdependent, each with functional and economic specialization. In 1117, a ten-year war broke out pitting many villages of the lakes of Como and Lugano against Milan, of which Lecco was an ally. The inhabitants of Lecco took part in the battle and in March 1125, Como had to capitulate and

5390-484: Was constructed to resist the incursions of the Hungarians. Under Berengar's reign, Monza enjoyed a certain degree of independence: it had its own system of weights and measures, and could also seize property and mark the deeds with their signatures. Berengar was very generous evident by the donation of numerous works to the Monza Cathedral, including the famous cross, and by giving large benefits to its 32 canons and other churches. In 980 Monza hosted Emperor Otto II inside

5467-418: Was designated the capital of the new province of Monza and Brianza. The new administrative arrangement came fully into effect in summer 2009; previously, Monza was a comune within the province of Milan . Monza is the third-largest city of Lombardy and is the most important economic, industrial and administrative centre of the Brianza area, supporting a textile industry and a publishing trade. Monza also hosts

5544-525: Was discontinued three times in 1940, 1973 and 1996. This Italian history article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This art history -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Monza Monza ( UK : / ˈ m ɒ n z ə / , US : / ˈ m ɒ n z ə , ˈ m oʊ n z ə , ˈ m oʊ n t s ɑː / ; Italian: [ˈmontsa] ; Lombard : Monça , locally Monscia [ˈmũːʃa] ; Latin : Modoetia )

5621-585: Was enclosed in Manzoni 's I Promessi Sposi . Monza is known for its Romanesque - Gothic style Cathedral of Saint John ( Duomo ). The black-and-white marble arcaded façade was erected in the mid-14th century by Matteo da Campione . The campanile was erected in 1606 to designs by Pellegrino Tibaldi . The cathedral encloses the Chapel of Theodelinda , a centrally-planned Greek-cross oraculum ("chapel of prayer") dated to c.  595 . The foundations remain under

5698-525: Was greatly expanded with the aggregation of the neighboring municipalities of Acquate , Castello Sopra Lecco , Germanedo, Laorca , Rancio di Lecco and San Giovanni alla Castagna, as well as part of the municipal territory of Maggianico; in 1928, the remaining part of Maggianico was also aggregated. Lecco is the northernmost city (urban area) in Italy with a humid subtropical climate ( Cfa defined by Köppen ), only slightly softer than Milan . Despite being in

5775-615: Was repelled; the village was set on fire. After the decisive 1277 victory of the Visconti at the Battle of Desio , Monza was occupied by Archbishop Ottone Visconti and the Marquis of Montferrat , William VII (1278). The following year, the town was declared a possession of the people of Milan. In 1312, Monza adhered to the Ghibelline faction. Enrico Aliprandi, a member of a family of Monza, joined

5852-457: Was the breeding of silkworms. In 1900 Monza was the scene of the assassination of King Umberto I by anarchist Gaetano Bresci . To commemorate the spot of the crime, his successor Victor Emmanuel III ordered the construction of an Expiatory Chapel on Via Matteo da Campione. At the beginning of the century, Monza counted 41,200 inhabitants; in 1911 it was among the eight most industrialised centres of Italy. The main activities were related to

5929-574: Was the inspiration to Alessandro Manzoni for his Nun of Monza. The plague, which struck Monza in 1576 and 1630, caused a profound demographic and economic crisis. In 1648, Monza and its territory became the property of the Milanese Durini family. The Duchy of Milan and Monza remained subject to the Spanish crown until the early 18th century. At the end of the War of the Spanish Succession (1713),

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