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104-580: Michael Curb (born December 24, 1944) is an American musician, record company executive, motorsports car owner, philanthropist, and former politician. He is the founder and chairman of Curb Records and is the chairman of Word Entertainment . He was inducted into the West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame in 2006. Curb is a member of the Republican Party and served as the 42nd lieutenant governor of California from 1979 to 1983. As of 2024, Curb

208-697: A 50-50 joint venture between Turner Broadcasting System and Apollo Investment Fund for $ 320 million. Turner purchased these assets to launch a then-new all-animation network aimed at children and younger audiences. Scott Sassa hired Fred Seibert to head Hanna-Barbera, who filled the gap left by Great American's crew with new animators, directors, producers and writers, including Craig McCracken , Donovan Cook , Genndy Tartakovsky , David Feiss , Seth MacFarlane , Van Partible and Butch Hartman . After being newly named as H-B Production Co. , Capitol Critters and Fish Police debuted in 1992. Cartoon Network launched on October 1 of that year, and became

312-548: A Forest ). With the majority of American television animation during the second half of the 20th century made by Hanna-Barbera and more cartoons like CB Bears , Buford and the Galloping Ghost , The All New Popeye Hour and Godzilla , major competition was coming from Filmation and DePatie–Freleng . Then-ABC president Fred Silverman gave its Saturday-morning time to them after dropping Filmation for its failure of Uncle Croc's Block . New live-action material

416-546: A call from Warner Bros. to resurrect its animation department. Ruegger, along with several of his colleagues, left Hanna-Barbera at that time to develop Tiny Toon Adventures at Warner Bros. David Kirschner , known for An American Tail and Child's Play , was later appointed as the studio's new CEO. Later that year, the company had a licensing agreement with MicroIllusions, a video game publisher, to produce video games based on its properties, namely Jonny Quest , The Jetsons and others. In 1990, while Kirschner and

520-470: A comic relief pet of some sort. Starting in 1971, many new spin-offs , such as The Pebbles and Bamm-Bamm Show , featuring Fred and Barney's now teenaged children along with The Flintstone Comedy Hour , The Tom and Jerry Show , The New Fred and Barney Show and "all-star" shows Yogi's Gang , Laff-A-Lympics , Yogi's Space Race and Galaxy Goof-Ups came to the airwaves. Hanna-Barbera teamed up with Avco Broadcasting Corporation in 1971,

624-697: A company that was once a rival to its owner Taft at that time, who maintains rivalry in the Columbus and Cincinnati markets, to produce two holiday specials for the syndicated market by way of its syndicated division. In 1972, H-B opened an animation studio in Australia, with the Hamlyn Group acquiring a 50% stake in 1974. Hamlyn was acquired by James Hardie Industries . Hanna-Barbera Australia bought itself out from Hardie and Taft in 1988, changing its name to Southern Star Group, since becoming Endemol Shine Australia ,

728-589: A concept for a new animated TV program about a cat and a dog. After failing to convince the studio to back their venture, George Sidney , who had worked with Hanna and Barbera on several of his movies for MGM, offered to serve as their business partner and convinced Screen Gems to make a deal with the producers. A coin toss gave Hanna precedence in naming the new studio. Harry Cohn , president and head of Columbia Pictures, took an 18% ownership in H-B Enterprises , and provided working capital. Screen Gems became

832-433: A distance of eight miles. It was won by the locomotive of Isaac Watt Boulton , one of six he said he had run over the years, perhaps driven by his 22-year-old son, James W. The race was against Daniel Adamson's carriage, likely the one made for Mr. Schmidt and perhaps driven by Mr. Schmidt himself. The reports do not indicate who was driving, since both were violating the red-flag law then fully in force. Boulton's carriage

936-546: A division of Banijay . Super Friends , an action-adventure show adapted from DC Comics ' Justice League of America and the first of many iterations of the Super Friends series, premiered on ABC on September 8, 1973. It returned to production in 1976, remaining on ABC through 1985 with The All-New Super Friends Hour , Challenge of the Superfriends and The World's Greatest Super Friends . While Help!... It's

1040-419: A dog solving supernatural mysteries, and became one of Hanna-Barbera's most successful creations, spawning several new spin-offs, such as The New Scooby-Doo Movies , Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo and many others, which were regularly in production at Hanna-Barbera into the 1990s. Referred to as "The General Motors of animation", Hanna-Barbera produced nearly two-thirds of all Saturday-morning cartoons in

1144-486: A formula for an original series was deemed successful, the studio reused it in subsequent series. Besides copying their own works, Hanna-Barbera drew inspiration from the works of other people and studios. Lehman considers that the studio served as the main example of how animation studios that focused on TV animation differed from those that focused on theatrical animation. Theatrical animation studios tried to maintain full and fluid animation and consequently struggled with

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1248-569: A high-speed test, car handling manoeuvres can be tested such as precision drifting , donuts, handbrake turns, reversing and so on. Other disciplines of automobile sport include: The international motorcycle sport governing body recognised by the International Olympic Committee is the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM). Disciplines include: The international powerboating governing body recognised by

1352-584: A hill, at private and closed roadways where higher speeds and distances can be reached than at an autotesting course for example. Time attack are terms used by series that run sprints at racing circuits where competitors try to set the quickest lap time rather than racing head-to-head with others. Time trials are run by the Sports Car Club of America , amongst others. Rallysprints are mainly sanctioned and held in continental Europe. Ultimately, they are similar to other time trial sprints but originate from

1456-429: A lead gift for the university's regional performing arts center. Of the $ 10 million gift, $ 5 million supported CSUN's College of Arts, Media, and Communication, one of the university's largest colleges that offers degree and certificate programs for more than 4,400 students. Of the gift, $ 4 million went into a general endowment for the college, and $ 1 million endowed a faculty chair specializing in music industry studies. As

1560-407: A partnership with Columbia Pictures. Character designs were simplified, and backgrounds and animation cycles (walks, runs, etc.) were regularly re-purposed. Characters were often broken up into a handful of levels so that only the parts of the body that needed to be moved at a given time (i.e. a mouth, an arm, a head) were animated. The rest of the figure remained on a held animation cel. This allowed

1664-449: A race is between competitors running head-to-head, in its International Sporting Code, the FIA defines racing as two or more cars competing on the same course simultaneously. Circuit racing takes place on sealed-surface courses at permanent autodromes or on temporary street circuits . Competitors race over a set number of laps of the circuit with the winner being the first to finish, or for

1768-614: A ratings and merchandising success and the top-ranking animated program in syndication history. It initially received mixed reviews from critics, but its reputation eventually improved and it is now considered a classic. The Yogi Bear Show , Top Cat , The Hanna-Barbera New Cartoon Series (consisting of Wally Gator , Touché Turtle and Dum Dum and Lippy the Lion and Hardy Har Har ) and The Jetsons soon followed in 1961 and 1962. Several animated television commercials were produced as well, often starring their own characters (including

1872-702: A result, the college was named in his honor. Studies with in the Mike Curb College of Arts, Media, and Communication include Media, Arts, Music, Business, Journalism, and Communication Studies. On June 29, 2007, Curb was honored with the 2,341st star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . CSU Channel Islands dedicated the Mike Curb Studio in Napa Hall at the Camarillo, California campus on October 21, 2010. The studio

1976-408: A sculpted latticework exterior, moat, fountains, and a Jetsons -like tower. The Magilla Gorilla Show , Jonny Quest , The Peter Potamus Show , Atom Ant and Secret Squirrel followed in 1964 and 1965. The partnership with Screen Gems would last until 1965 when Hanna and Barbera announced the sale of their studio to Taft Broadcasting . Taft's acquisition of Hanna-Barbera was delayed for

2080-460: A sealed surface such as asphalt or concrete. Notable off-road races on open terrain include the Baja 1000 desert race, organised by SCORE International . The FIA authorise Extreme E , an electric off-road series whose organisers have announced a hydrogen fuel series, Extreme H, to begin in 2025. Examples of off-road racing disciplines and series include: Drag racing is an acceleration contest from

2184-436: A set length of time with the winner having completed the highest number of laps, with others classified subsequently. Circuit racing replaced point-to-point (city-to-city) racing early in the history of motorsport, for both spectator appeal and as safety concerns brought in regulation of the sport, forcing organisers to use closed, marshalled and policed circuits on closed public roads. Aspendale Racecourse in Australia in 1906

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2288-516: A significant ratings success, the top-rated program in eight years and the highest for an NBC show since 1970. The Gary Coleman Show , Shirt Tales , Pac-Man , The Little Rascals , The Dukes , Monchhichis , The New Scooby and Scrappy-Doo Show and The Biskitts followed in 1982 and 1983. Following a 1982 strike , more cartoons were outsourced to Cuckoo's Nest Studios , Mr. Big Cartoons , Toei Animation and Fil-Cartoons in Australia and Asia, which provided production services to

2392-764: A single year. Josie and the Pussycats , The Funky Phantom , The Amazing Chan and the Chan Clan , Speed Buggy , Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kids , Goober and the Ghost Chasers , Inch High, Private Eye , Clue Club , Jabberjaw , Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels and The New Shmoo built upon the mystery-solving template set by Scooby-Doo , with further shows built around teenagers solving mysteries with

2496-399: A standing start along a short and straight course. Vehicles of various types can compete, usually between two vehicles. Winners can be the first to finish of competing pairs or by setting the fastest time, and competitions may have heats and/or series of runs. Kart racing is a form of circuit racing using very small and low vehicles not considered as automobiles known as go-karts. It is one of

2600-516: A story published by The Saturday Evening Post in 1961, critics stated that Hanna-Barbera was taking on more work than it could handle and was resorting to shortcuts only a television audience would tolerate. An executive who worked for Walt Disney Productions said, "We don't even consider [them] competition". Animation historian Christopher P. Lehman argues that Hanna-Barbera attempted to maximize their bottom line by recycling story formulas and characterization instead of introducing new ones. Once

2704-464: A typical seven-minute short to be done with only nearly 2,000 drawings instead of the usual 14,000. Dialogue, music, and sound effects were emphasized over action, leading Chuck Jones —a contemporary who worked for Warner Bros. Cartoons and whose short The Dover Boys practically invented many of the concepts in limited animation—to disparagingly refer to the limited television cartoons produced by Hanna-Barbera and others as "illustrated radio". In

2808-716: A year by a lawsuit from Cohn's family, wife Joan Perry and sons John and Harrison Cohn, who felt the studio undervalued the Cohns' 18% share in when it was sold a few years previously. In 1966, Frankenstein Jr. and The Impossibles and Space Ghost debuted, and by December of that year the litigation had been settled, Taft finally acquired Hanna-Barbera for $ 12 million and folded the studio into its corporate structure in 1967 and 1968, becoming its distributor. Hanna and Barbera stayed on while Screen Gems retained licensing and distribution rights to their previous produced cartoons and trademarks to

2912-453: Is a form of motorsport where drivers intentionally lose rolling traction in corners through oversteering but maintain momentum with effective throttle control, clutch use and corrective steering. In competition a panel of judges award marks on artistry and car control through the corner or series of corners. Competitions often feature pairs of cars driving together where a lead car and a chase car go head-to-head, with only one car going through to

3016-713: Is a post-production and film and video production facility. In 2014, Curb was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, Tennessee and in 2016, he was inducted into the Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame. He was awarded Ray Fox Memorial Award of Living Legends of Auto Racing in Daytona in 2017. In 2018, Racers Reunion featured him in Men Who Changed Racing with Harry Miller and Sam Nunis . Curb

3120-491: Is called a series, and a grouping of competitions often forms the basis of a championship , cup or trophy . Not all nations have a sporting authority affiliated with the FIA, some disciplines may not fall within the FIA's remit of control, or organisations may choose to ignore the claim of the authority of others. Examples include banger racing and stock car racing in the United Kingdom which are claimed by both

3224-473: Is devastating. When they appear smashed out of their minds and describe musically a great experience they had on LSD, they are glorifying hard drugs. I credit hard drug record acts with hundreds and hundreds of new young drug users." Curb has always disputed that any acts were dropped from MGM only for drug-related reasons. Billboard reported that Curb was alarmed by the drug-related deaths of Janis Joplin , Jimi Hendrix , and Alan Wilson of Canned Heat . Among

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3328-484: Is loosely based on The Honeymooners and is set in a fictionalized Stone Age of cavemen and dinosaurs. Jackie Gleason considered suing Hanna-Barbera for copyright infringement , but decided not to because he did not want to be known as "the man who yanked Fred Flintstone off the air". For six seasons, it became the longest-running animated show in American prime time at the time (until The Simpsons beat it in 1997),

3432-493: Is out of state, the lieutenant governor is free to exercise all powers of the chief executive...". Curb worked with Harvey Milk on the campaign against the Briggs Initiative , a ballot initiative that would have banned gays and lesbians from working in public schools. He persuaded President Reagan to oppose it, and it was defeated. In 2023, Curb achieved a major victory in his challenge to Tennessee Governor Bill Lee, where

3536-514: Is the most recent Republican to be elected Lieutenant Governor of California. Curb was born in Savannah, Georgia , to Charles McCloud Curb and Stella "Stout" Curb. He grew up in Southern California's San Fernando Valley . He has one sister. After attending Grant High School , he attended San Fernando Valley State College (now California State University, Northridge ). His maternal grandmother

3640-535: The Billy Jack films), Maryjane (1968), The Wild Racers (1968), The Savage Seven (1968), The Big Bounce (1969), The Sidehackers (1969) and Black Water Gold (1970). Curb has composed or supervised more than 50 film scores and written over 400 songs. In 1969, he co-wrote a new theme for the TV series American Bandstand ; the theme was used until 1974. Curb had a Top 40 pop song in early 1971. Its title

3744-489: The American Financial Corporation acquired Taft in 1987 and renamed it Great American Broadcasting. A Pup Named Scooby-Doo , The Completely Mental Misadventures of Ed Grimley , new episodes of Yogi Bear , Fantastic Max , The Further Adventures of SuperTed and Paddington Bear followed in 1988 and 1989. Hanna-Barbera Poland, a Polish branch of the American studio, opened up and dealt with

3848-799: The IMSA SportsCar Championship merged with American Le Mans), the IMSA GT Series (formerly IMSA Camel GT), Continental Series (formerly IMSA GTS), the Late Model All American Series, the Modifieds and the K&;N East and West Series. Curb is also a long-time sponsor of ThorSport Racing in the Truck Series, as part-owner of the team's No. 98 Ford driven by Ty Majeski . He maintained a similar partnership with Phil Parsons Racing in

3952-782: The International Olympic Committee is the Union Internationale Motonautique (UIM). The organisation's origins date back to 1922. The international air sports governing body recognised by the International Olympic Committee is the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI). The FAI also governs non-powered air sport such as gliding and ballooning, however its motorised sports include: Hanna-Barbera Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. ( / b ɑːr ˈ b ɛər ə / bar- BAIR -ə ) (founded and formerly known as  H-B Enterprises , Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. and H-B Production Co. )

4056-631: The Pebbles cereal commercials for Post ) and the opening credits for Bewitched , in which animated caricatures of Samantha and Darrin appeared. These characterizations were reused in The Flintstones' sixth season episode "Samantha". In 1963, Hanna-Barbera's operations moved to 3400 Cahuenga Boulevard West in Hollywood Hills / Studio City . This contemporary office building was designed by architect Arthur Froehlich . Its ultra-modern design included

4160-674: The United States , dirt track racing became popular. After World War II , the Grand Prix circuit became more formally organised. In the United States, stock car racing and drag racing became firmly established. The Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), formed in 1904, is the oldest and most prominent international governing body. It claims to be the sole international motor sporting authority for automobiles and other land vehicles with four or more wheels, whilst acknowledging

4264-404: The 1980s, however, the studio's fortunes were in decline, as the profitability of Saturday-morning cartoons was eclipsed by weekday afternoon syndication . Taft Broadcasting acquired Hanna-Barbera in 1966 and retained ownership until 1991. It was in this year when Turner Broadcasting System acquired the studio, using the back catalog to establish Cartoon Network the following year. By

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4368-624: The ASNs must be obtained to organise events using their rules, and their licenses must be held by participants. Not all ASNs function in the same manner, some are private companies such as Motorsport UK, some are supported by the state such as France's FFSA, or in the case of the US's ACCUS, a council of sanctioning bodies is the national representative at FIA meetings. ASNs, their affiliated clubs or independent commercial promotors organise motorsport events which often include competitions . A collective of events

4472-616: The Cup Series, which also ran the No. 98. Parsons drivers Christopher Bell and Rico Abreu won the 2013 and 2014 USAC National Midget tours. In 2006, Curb purchased a house at 1034 Audubon Drive , Memphis, which was once owned by Elvis Presley. Curb renovated the house and turned it over to the Mike Curb Institute at Rhodes College . In Nashville , Curb has become a civic leader and benefactor of Belmont University , where his donation toward

4576-703: The Curb College's presence on Music Row. In 2001, Curb was inducted into the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame. Curb was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame in 2003 and the North Carolina Music Hall of Fame in 2009. In August 2006, Curb pledged $ 10 million to California State University, Northridge (CSUN) (in Los Angeles) to endow his alma mater's arts college and provide

4680-520: The Hair Bear Bunch! , Sealab 2020 , Wait Till Your Father Gets Home and Hong Kong Phooey aired, Charlotte's Web , an adaptation of the novel of the same name , was released on March 1, 1973 by Paramount Pictures , to moderate critical and commercial success, and was the first of only four Hanna-Barbera films not to be based upon one of their famous television cartoons (the other three being C.H.O.M.P.S. , Heidi's Song and Once Upon

4784-506: The Hanna-Barbera properties since then. Cartoon Network Studios Europe was rebranded as Hanna-Barbera Studios Europe paying tribute to the studio in April 2021. The small budgets that television animation producers had to work within prevented Hanna-Barbera from working with the full theatrical-quality animation that Hanna and Barbera had been known for at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. While

4888-543: The Hanna-Barbera studio faced demolition after many of its staff vacated the facilities in 1997, despite the efforts of preserving it. In 1998, following The Powerpuff Girls , Hanna-Barbera moved from Cahuenga Blvd. to Sherman Oaks Galleria in Sherman Oaks, California in 1998, where Warner Bros. Animation was located. I Am Weasel would be its final show in 1999. After the studio's absorption into Warner Bros. Animation, Hanna died of throat cancer on March 22, 2001, at

4992-840: The Happy Days Gang , Richie Rich , The Flintstone Comedy Show , Space Stars , The Kwicky Koala Show , Trollkins and Laverne and Shirley in the Army debuted in 1980 and 1981, while Taft purchased Ruby-Spears from Filmways (which was eventually absorbed into Orion Pictures the following year), making it a sister studio to Hanna-Barbera and as a result, several early-1980s series were shared between both studios. While Filmation, Sunbow Productions , Marvel Productions , Rankin/Bass , DIC , Saban Entertainment and other Hollywood animation factories introduced successful animated series syndicated , including some based on licensed properties, Hanna-Barbera fell behind, as it no longer dominated

5096-520: The Judds , Lyle Lovett , Natalie Grant , Ray Stevens , Rodney Atkins , Jo Dee Messina , Sawyer Brown , Lee Brice , Dylan Scott , Hannah Ellis , Harper Grace and For King & Country . in 1970, Billboard reported that Curb, as president of MGM Records, fired 18 acts for what Curb believed was their promotion of hard drugs in their songs. Curb said, "Drug groups are the cancer of the industry. Their effect on young people who are their fans or followers

5200-515: The Love of Sunshine ". Curb served as chairman of the Inaugural Youth Concert for President Richard Nixon 's second term on January 20, 1973. He enlisted many artists from MGM records as well as others to perform for the historic event. Solomon Burke , The Mob , Jimmy Osmond , Tommy Roe , Ray Stevens , The Sylvers , The Don Costa Orchestra , and Laurie Lea Schaefer were on the stage for

5304-488: The National Catholic Office for Radio and Television to produce 26 half-hour animated films in 1970, which never materialized. Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! debuted on CBS on September 13, 1969; created by Ruby and Spears, it is a mystery-based program which blended comedy, action, and elements from I Love a Mystery and The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis . For two seasons, it centered on four teenagers and

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5408-618: The Oshkosh and the Green Bay (the machines were referred to by their town of origin). This is examined and illustrated in detail in The Great Race of 1878 by Richard Backus, Farm Collector, May/June 2004. In 1894, the French newspaper Le Petit Journal organised a contest for horseless carriages featuring a run from Paris to Rouen. This is widely accepted as the world's first motorsport event, and

5512-671: The Oval Racing Council and the National Stock car Association, despite the claim by the FIA affiliated ASN, Motorsport UK , to be the "governing body of all four-wheel motorsport in the UK". SCORE International , National Auto Sport Association and National Off-Road Racing Association of the United States are also not members of the FIA affiliation system but may work with members for international matters. Although English dictionaries do not unanimously agree and singularly define that

5616-663: The Sylvers , Eric Burdon , War , Richie Havens , the Five Man Electrical Band , Gloria Gaynor , Johnny Bristol , Exile , The Four Seasons and the Dutch singer Heintje Simons and The Mob (Chicago band) to his labels. Curb ran a short-lived country music subsidiary label for Motown called Hitsville Records. He co-wrote the lyrics for "It Was a Good Time". He received BMI awards for composing "Burning Bridges" for Clint Eastwood 's Kelly's Heroes , and for composing " All for

5720-477: The TV animation market as it did years earlier and lost control over children's programming, going down from 80% to 20%. The Smurfs , adapted from the Belgian comic by Peyo and centering on a group of tiny blue creatures led by Papa Smurf , debuted on NBC on September 12, 1981 and aired for nine seasons until December 2, 1989, becoming so the longest-running Saturday-morning cartoon series in broadcast history,

5824-585: The age of 90 years old. While Cartoon Network Studios took over production of programming, the Los Angeles City Council approved a plan to preserve the Cahuenga Blvd. headquarters in May 2004, while allowing retail and residential development on the site. Barbera died of natural causes on December 18, 2006, at the age of 95 years old. Warner Bros. Animation continues to produce new productions based on

5928-412: The authority of the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) over vehicles with one to three wheels, which FIM calls motorcycle sport. FIM and FIA are both recognised as international sports federations by the International Olympic Committee . Within the FIA's structure, each affiliated National Sporting Authority ( ASN ) is recognised as the sole authority in their nation. Permission of

6032-417: The box-office during its initial theatrical run, with many of them moving to Hanna-Barbera shortly afterwards. In August 1960, it moved into a window-less, cinder block building at 3501 Cahuenga Boulevard West. Though too small to house the staff, some of its employees worked at home. The Flintstones premiered on ABC on September 30 1960, becoming so the first animated series airing in prime time. It

6136-488: The budget for MGM's seven-minute Tom and Jerry shorts was about $ 35,000, the Hanna-Barbera studios were required to produce five-minute Ruff and Reddy episodes for no more than $ 3,000 apiece. To keep within these tighter budgets, Hanna-Barbera furthered the concept of limited animation (also called "planned animation") practiced and popularized by the United Productions of America (UPA) studio, which also once had

6240-519: The cars and courses used in special stage rallying with the elements of navigation and itinerary removed, and not necessarily requiring a co-driver to call pacenotes . Rallying involves driving to a set itinerary, following a prescribed route and arriving and departing at control points at set times with penalties applied for diverging from the route or arriving late and early. Rallies nearly always involve routes on open roads, closed special stages are used on some rallies where competitors drive against

6344-516: The character of a particular competition, series or championship. Groups of these are often categorised informally, such as by vehicle type, surface type or propulsion method. Examples of categories within a discipline are formula racing , touring car racing , sports car racing , etc. The first prearranged match race of two self-powered road vehicles over a prescribed route occurred in the north west of England at 4:30 A.M. on August 30, 1867, between Ashton-under-Lyne and Old Trafford, Manchester ,

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6448-543: The characters into the 1970s and 1980s. Shazzan , The Banana Splits , Wacky Races and its spin-offs ( Dastardly and Muttley in Their Flying Machines and The Perils of Penelope Pitstop ) and Cattanooga Cats followed from 1967 to 1969. The studio's record and music label, Hanna-Barbera Records, was headed by Danny Hutton and distributed by Columbia . Children's records featuring its characters were released by Colpix . Hanna-Barbera teamed up with

6552-686: The clock, the winner having the shortest, lowest average or total time. Hillclimbing events often include classes of competition for various categories and ages of vehicle and so may be incorporated into car shows or festivals of motoring such as the Goodwood Festival of Speed . Hill climb courses can be short at less than 1 mile, or several miles long such as the 12.42 mile Pikes Peak course in Colorado , USA. Sprints are governed by national FIA member ASNs in United Kingdom, Ireland and Australia, amongst other places. They are held on courses that do not climb

6656-509: The clock. The classification of these rallies are determined by summing the times set with the fastest crews being victorious, as found in the World Rally Championship . This method is often called rally racing or stage rallying informally, whilst rallies that do not include special stages are distinctly regularity rallies . Rallies that include routes that cover terrain off-road are also known as rally raid or cross-country rallies,

6760-645: The construction of a new arena resulted in it being named the Curb Event Center . The university includes the Mike Curb College of Entertainment and Music Business. Curb endowed the Curb Center and the Curb Creative Campus program at Vanderbilt University and the Mike Curb Institute of Music at Rhodes College in Memphis . In 2024, he made the largest ever donation to Belmont, contributing $ 58 million to expand

6864-565: The court declared it unconstitutional to force private businesses to post discriminatory LGBT signs. In 1982, Curb lost the Republican gubernatorial nomination to California Attorney General George Deukmejian . In 1986, Curb ran again for lieutenant governor as the Republican nominee against the incumbent Democrat, Leo T. McCarthy , losing a bitterly contested race, largely run on the issue of punishment for drug trafficking and violent crimes. A vocal opponent of drug use, Curb advocated extension of

6968-408: The death penalty to include drug pushers whose narcotics trafficking resulted in a death. As of 2024, Curb is the last Republican to be elected to Lieutenant Governor of California to date; Abel Maldonado was appointed by then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger to fill a vacancy when the former previous Lieutenant Governor John Garamendi resigned to take a congressional seat. In 1980, Curb

7072-577: The earliest contemporary Christian music artists. Curb wrote and produced music for the Hanna-Barbera animated series Cattanooga Cats . The theme for the cartoon series Hot Wheels is credited to Mike Curb and the Curbstones. In the 1970s, Curb wrote and produced for Roy Orbison , Marie Osmond and the Osmond Family , Lou Rawls , Sammy Davis Jr. and Solomon Burke . He also signed artists such as

7176-528: The early 1930s, they solidified a six decade working partnership, leading to their very first collaborative success, Tom and Jerry , centering on the madcap comical adventures of a cat and a mouse. Hanna supervised the animation, while Barbera did the stories and pre-production. Seven of the 114 cartoons won seven Oscars for "Best Short Subject (Cartoons)" between 1943 and 1953, and five additional shorts were nominated for twelve awards during this period. However, they were awarded to producer Fred Quimby , who

7280-573: The first 24-hour all-animation channel, to air its library of cartoon classics, of which Hanna-Barbera was the core contributor. In 1993, the studio again renamed itself to Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. (though the Hanna-Barbera Productions name was still used in regards to the pre-1992 properties) and, while Turner acquired its remaining interests from Apollo Investment Fund for $ 255 million, 2 Stupid Dogs , Droopy, Master Detective , The New Adventures of Captain Planet and SWAT Kats: The Radical Squadron emerged that year. Turner refocused

7384-486: The former MGM animation staff—including animators Carlo Vinci , Kenneth Muse , Lewis Marshall, Michael Lah and Ed Barge and layout artists Ed Benedict and Richard Bickenbach —became the new production staff while Hoyt Curtin was in charge of providing the music. The Ruff and Reddy Show , the company's first television series, premiered on NBC on December 14, 1957, then The Huckleberry Hound Show debuted one year later, in 1958, airing in most markets, and

7488-439: The general form of time trials and sprints. Hillclimbing is the most widely known form of time-trial due to its status as the only time trial or sprint form to have international FIA championships and endorsement. Its origins begin near the start of motorsport, particularly with the trials held that tested the capabilities of early automobiles to tackle uphill gradients. Contestants complete an uphill course individually and against

7592-447: The general rule of participants completing a course individually with the intention of setting the shortest time or highest average speed. This form of motorsport can be recreational or when competitive, rules may vary slightly such as whether to include the total time of several runs, the best time set, or the average pace of multiple courses to classify competitors. Qualifying sessions for circuit races and special stages in rallying take

7696-590: The last seven shorts of Tex Avery 's Droopy series and produced and directed the short-lived Spike and Tyke , which ran for two entries. In addition to their work on the cartoons, the two men moonlighted on outside projects, including title sequences and commercials for I Love Lucy . MGM decided in mid-1957 to close its cartoon studio, as it felt it had acquired a reasonable backlog of shorts for re-release. While contemplating their future, Hanna and Barbera began producing additional animated television commercials. During their last year at MGM, they had developed

7800-562: The most famous example being the Dakar Rally . In the United States, the National Off-Road Racing Association (NORRA) was founded in 1967 along with the Baja 1000 . Since the 1990s, this race has been organised by SCORE International whilst NORRA's events have closer followed the FIA regulations and standards for cross country rallies, although the association has no affiliation to ACCUS , the US's FIA member. Drifting

7904-517: The musicians incorrectly thought to be included in the purge were The Velvet Underground and Frank Zappa 's group The Mothers of Invention . Zappa, however, spoke out against drug use throughout his career and, by early 1969, had fulfilled his MGM/Verve contract and moved to his own Bizarre Records label, distributed by Warner Bros. The Velvet Underground had already left the label by then to sign with Atlantic Records , who released their fourth studio album Loaded . Also, when Eric Burdon , who

8008-512: The new distributor and its licensing agent, handling merchandizing of the characters from the animated programs as the cartoon firm officially opened for business in rented offices on the lot of Kling Studios (formerly Charlie Chaplin Studios ) on July 7, 1957, one year after the MGM animation studio closed. Sidney and several Screen Gems alumni became members of the studio's board of directors and much of

8112-486: The next heat or winning the competition. Autocross has multiple general meanings based on country of use. Also known as Autocross in US and Canada and Autoslalom in Continental Europe, these similar disciplines are held in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. They involve precise car control, usually but not always against the clock on very short and compact temporary courses. Rather than being

8216-690: The promotion and distribution of animated H-B content and is most well known for releasing VHS tapes with Polish music distributor P.P. Polskie Nagrania, which mostly consisted of numbered compilation releases of Hanna-Barbera shows on one tape. This would last until 1993, when the company separated and reincorporated itself as Curtis Art Productions. Great American sold Worldvision to Aaron Spelling Productions , while Hanna-Barbera and its library remained with them. Hanna-Barbera split off from Worldvision Home Video in early 1989 to start out its own home video division, Hanna-Barbera Home Video. In January 1989, while working on A Pup Named Scooby-Doo , Tom Ruegger got

8320-527: The sports regulated by FIA (under the name of CIK), permitting licensed competition racing for anyone from the age of 8 onward. It is generally accepted as the most economical form of motorsport available on four wheels. As a free-time activity, it can be performed by almost anybody, and as karting circuits can be indoors and not take as much space as other forms of motorsport, it can be accessible to retail consumers without much qualification or training. Non-racing speed competitions have various names but all carry

8424-848: The studio formed Bedrock Productions and Great American putting Hanna-Barbera and Ruby-Spears up for sale, Midnight Patrol: Adventures in the Dream Zone , Rick Moranis in Gravedale High , Tom & Jerry Kids , Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventures , The Adventures of Don Coyote and Sancho Panda and Wake, Rattle, and Roll debuted that year. The Pirates of Dark Water , Yo Yogi! and Young Robin Hood would follow in 1991. Turner Broadcasting System outbid MCA (then-parent company of Universal Pictures ), Hallmark Cards and other major companies in acquiring Hanna-Barbera while also purchasing Ruby-Spears as well. The two studios were acquired in

8528-782: The studio from 1982 to the end of its existence. Challenge of the GoBots , Pink Panther and Sons , Super Friends: The Legendary Super Powers Show , Snorks , The Greatest Adventure: Stories from the Bible , Galtar and the Golden Lance , Yogi's Treasure Hunt , The Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians , The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo and Paw Paws debuted in 1984 and 1985. Pound Puppies , The Flintstone Kids , Foofur , Wildfire , new episodes of Jonny Quest , Sky Commanders and Popeye and Son arrived in 1986 and 1987. After its financial troubles affected Hanna-Barbera,

8632-604: The studio produced include The Huckleberry Hound Show , the Flintstones franchise, the Yogi Bear franchise, the Scooby-Doo franchise (until 2001), The Smurfs , and the opening credits of Bewitched . With these productions, Hanna-Barbera may have usurped Disney as the most successful animation studio in the world, with its characters becoming ubiquitous across different types of media and myriad consumer products. By

8736-440: The studio to produce new shows exclusively for its networks. In 1995, while Bruce Johnson would leave the company, Dumb and Dumber debuted, while Seibert launched What a Cartoon! for Cartoon Network. During 1996, Dexter's Laboratory , The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest and Cave Kids debuted, while Turner merged with Time Warner (now Warner Bros. Discovery ). While Johnny Bravo and Cow and Chicken aired,

8840-493: The time Hanna died in 2001, Hanna-Barbera as a standalone company was folded into Warner Bros. Animation. The name continues to be used for copyright, marketing and branding purposes for former properties now produced by Warner Bros. William Denby "Bill" Hanna and Joseph Roland "Joe" Barbera met at the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) studio in 1938, while working at its animation unit . Having worked at other studios since

8944-495: The young audience. He served as emcee for the program. In 2021, Fisk Jubilee Singers won Grammy awards for Celebrating Fisk! (The 150th Anniversary Album) under Best Roots Gospel Album category. The album was produced for Curb Records : Mike Curb and Paul Kwami won a Grammy Award. Curb Records marked its 60th anniversary in 2023, with Mike Curb still at the helm. Over the years, Curb Records has been home to Wynonna Judd , Tim McGraw , LeAnn Rimes , Hank Williams Jr. ,

9048-527: Was from the film The Magic Garden of Stanley Sweetheart , on music charts in 1970. The group collaborated with the Sherman Brothers on the composition " It's a Small World ," which reached the Top Ten Billboard AC in 1973. Also in 1970, they performed "I Was Born In Love With You," the theme song of Wuthering Heights , as the title song for Frank Sinatra 's Dirty Dingus Magee . The group

9152-490: Was "grandstanding", and that his anti-drug stance had made him "a minor hero of the Nixon administration ." In 1997, Curb stated the affair had happened at a time when "you were considered a freak if you spoke out against drugs." Encouraged to enter politics in part by Ronald Reagan , Curb was elected Lieutenant Governor of California in 1978, defeating the incumbent Democrat, Mervyn M. Dymally . Democratic candidate Jerry Brown

9256-531: Was also a sponsor for Dale Earnhardt during his 1980 Winston Cup championship winning season, and sponsored Darrell Waltrip 's No. 12 Toyota Tundra in the Craftsman Truck Series , driven by Joey Miller in 2006. Curb-Agajanian also ran cars for many years in the Indianapolis 500 , including for Dan Wheldon and Alexander Rossi , with whom he won the 2011 and 2016 Indianapolis 500s respectively. Curb

9360-548: Was also the first cartoon to win an Emmy . Several animation alumni joined – in particular former Warner Bros. Cartoons storymen Michael Maltese and Warren Foster as head writers, Joe Ruby and Ken Spears as film editors and Iwao Takamoto as character designer. After reincorporating as Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. , The Quick Draw McGraw Show and the theatrical cartoon short series Loopy De Loop followed in 1959. Walt Disney Productions laid off several of its animators after Sleeping Beauty (1959) bombed on

9464-653: Was an American production company , which was active from 1957 until its absorption into Warner Bros. Animation in 2001. Founded on July 7, 1957 by Tom and Jerry creators William Hanna and Joseph Barbera along with George Sidney , it was headquartered in Los Angeles at the Kling Studios from 1957 to 1960, then on Cahuenga Boulevard from 1960 to 1998 and subsequently at the Sherman Oaks Galleria in Sherman Oaks from 1998 to 2001. Notable productions that

9568-455: Was an advocate of psychedelics, dared Curb to release him from his contract although he was his biggest selling artist, Curb acquiesced. Burdon also launched a campaign—by distributing bumper stickers—called Curb the Clap. Curb claimed industry support, and the record company official he cited was Bill Gallagher, the president of Paramount Records . Columbia Records president Clive Davis said Curb

9672-690: Was co-chairman of Ronald Reagan's successful presidential campaign. Curb was also chairman of the convention program in Detroit and was later appointed by Reagan to be chairman of the national finance committee. A motorsport enthusiast, Curb is a co-owner of the Curb Agajanian Performance Group , a team that has won ten national championships. His sponsorship and ownership have included three of NASCAR's most celebrated drivers. He owned Richard Petty 's famed No. 43 car in 1984 and 1985, during which Petty achieved his 199th and 200th career wins. Curb

9776-651: Was developed from a scrapped John Bridge Adams light-rail vehicle. These were solid fired steam carriages. This event and the details of the vehicles are recorded in the contemporary press, The Engineer , and in Fletcher's books. The Wisconsin legislature passed an act in 1875 offering a substantial purse for the first US motor race, which was run on July 16, 1878, over a 200-mile course from Green Bay to Appleton, Oshkosh, Waupon, Watertown, Fort Atkinson and Janesville, then turning north and ending in Madison. Only two actually competed:

9880-588: Was featured on Sammy Davis Jr. 's No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 hit of 1972, " The Candy Man " (the Aubrey Woods version was featured in the film Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory ). They sang backup on Jud Strunk 's 1973 hit " Daisy a Day ". The group was featured regularly on Glen Campbell 's CBS television show. In 1969, Curb signed Christian rock pioneer Larry Norman , DeGarmo & Key, 2nd Chapter of Acts, and Debby Boone - artists considered to be

9984-670: Was inducted to North Carolina Music Hall of Fame in the same year for his "contributions and support of the Hall of Fame". In 2019, Curb received the National Centennial Leadership Award from Junior Achievement . Motorsports Different manifestations of motorsport with their own objectives and specific rules are called disciplines. Examples include circuit racing , rallying and trials . Governing bodies, also called sanctioning bodies, often have general rules for each discipline, but allow supplementary rules to define

10088-627: Was not involved in the development of the shorts. Sequences for Anchors Aweigh , Dangerous When Wet and Invitation to the Dance and shorts Gallopin' Gals , The Goose Goes South , Officer Pooch , War Dogs and Good Will to Men were also made. With Quimby's retirement in May 1955, Hanna and Barbera became the producers in charge of the MGM animation studio's output. In addition to continuing to write and direct new Tom & Jerry shorts, now in CinemaScope , Hanna and Barbera supervised

10192-509: Was of Mexican heritage. In 1963 and at the age of 18, Curb formed Sidewalk Records and helped start the careers of multiple West Coast rock and roll artists. In 1969, his company merged with MGM Records . He became president of both MGM Records and Verve Records , which then formed Curb Records. Curb scored the music for the short film Skaterdater (1965) as well as The Wild Angels (1966), Thunder Alley (1967), Devil's Angels (1967), The Born Losers (1967) (the first of

10296-865: Was produced, as well as new live-action/animated combos since the mid-1960s. In 1975, former MGM executive Herbert F. Solow joined the company to start a live-action unit, Hanna-Barbera Television, to produce prime time programming, which later spun off and became Solow Production Company in 1976. Along with the animation industry in the U.S., it moved away from producing in-house in the late 1970s and early 1980s. While The Great Grape Ape Show and The Mumbly Cartoon Show aired, Ruby and Spears worked with Hanna-Barbera in 1976 and 1977 as ABC network executives to create and develop new cartoons before leaving in 1977 to start their company, Ruby-Spears Enterprises , with Filmways as its parent division. In 1979, Taft bought Worldvision Enterprises , which became Hanna-Barbera's new distributor. Super Friends , The Fonz and

10400-644: Was re-elected governor in the same year. During much 1979–1980, when Brown was out of the state campaigning to become the Democratic presidential candidate, Curb was acting governor , vetoing legislation, issuing executive orders and making appointments. According to the December 28, 1979, edition of the San Francisco Chronicle , "...the California Supreme Court ruled yesterday that when the governor

10504-846: Was the co-owner with Richard Childress of the No. 98 Chevrolet driven by Austin Dillon. Curb was the only car owner to win in all 10 NASCAR auto racing series in the United States – the NASCAR Cup Series , the Xfinity Series (formerly the Nationwide series and Busch Series), the Craftsman Truck Series (formerly the Gander Outdoors Truck Series and Camping World Truck Series), the Grand-Am Rolex Daytona Prototype National Sports Car Series (now

10608-483: Was the first purpose-built motor racing track in the world. After which, permanent autodromes popularly replaced circuits on public roads. In North America, the term road racing is used to describe racing and courses that have origins in racing on public highways; distinguished from oval racing , which has origins at purpose-built speedways using concrete or wooden boards . Off-road racing can take place on open terrain with no set path, or on circuits that do not have

10712-628: Was the first to involve what would become known as automobiles. On 28 November 1895, the Chicago Times-Herald race , running from Chicago to Evanston and back, a distance of sixty miles, was held. This is believed to be the first motorsport event in the United States of America. In 1900, the Gordon Bennett Cup was established. Motorsport was a demonstration event at the 1900 Summer Olympics . Following World War I , European countries organised Grand Prix races over closed courses. In

10816-466: Was the same as that of his album, Burning Bridges , which was written and composed by Lalo Schifrin and Mike Curb. The song was used as the theme of Brian G. Hutton 's film Kelly's Heroes , which starred Clint Eastwood . The song reached No. 1 in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Mike Curb's group, The Mike Curb Congregation, had the adult contemporary song " Sweet Gingerbread Man ," which

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