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27-590: The Midleton Distillery may refer to: The Old Midleton Distillery, also known as the Jameson Experience, Midleton, a distillery which operated in Midleton, County Cork, Ireland from 1825 to 1975 The New Midleton Distillery , a new distillery built alongside the existing Old Midleton Distillery, opened in 1975 Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

54-466: A batch distillation basis (as contrasted with Coffey or column stills, which operate on a continuous basis). Traditionally constructed from copper , pot stills are made in a range of shapes and sizes depending on the quantity and style of spirit desired. Spirits distilled in pot stills top out between 60 and 80 percent alcohol by volume (ABV) after multiple distillations. Because of this relatively low level of ABV concentration, spirits produced by

81-465: A distillate with a higher concentration of alcohol. In the case of many Irish whiskeys , the spirit is distilled for a third time. However, cognac and most single malt Scotch whiskies are distilled only twice. A still used for the redistillation of already-distilled products (especially in the United States) is known as a doubler  – named after its approximate effect on the level of

108-405: A distillery. In addition to the 31,618 gallon wash still, Barnard stated that the distillery boasted two 10,000 gallon spirits stills, and unusually for an Irish distillery at the time, a Coffey Still . The distillery, which was lit by gas, was reported to have an output in excess of 1,000,000 gallons per annum, and to produce a whiskey known as "The Cork Whisky Make". In later years, whiskey from

135-711: A new purpose-built facility to be constructed alongside the existing distillery in Midleton. In July 1975, operations ceased at the Old Midleton Distillery and began anew the next day at the New Midleton Distillery , with the Jameson Bow Street Distillery and Powers John's Lane Distillery shutting a year later. As a result, the new distillery, is now home to many Irish whiskeys such as Jameson , Powers , Paddy , Redbreast , Green Spot , previously produced in separate distilleries. In 1992,

162-418: A normal boiling point of 78.4 °C (173.1 °F) while pure water boils at 100 °C (212 °F). As alcohol has a lower boiling point, it is more volatile and evaporates at a higher rate than water. Hence the concentration of alcohol in the vapour phase above the liquid is higher than in the liquid itself. During distillation, this vapour travels up the swan neck at the top of the pot still and down

189-426: A pot still retain more of the flavour from the wash than distillation practices that reach higher ethanol concentrations. Under European law and various trade agreements, cognac (a protected term for a variety of brandy produced in the region around Cognac, France ) and any Irish or Scotch whisky labelled as "pot still whisky" or " malt whisky " must be distilled using a pot still. During first distillation,

216-466: A small amount of the near-centre heads and tails are often included in the final product for their effect on the flavour. The modern pot still is a descendant of the alembic , an earlier distillation device. The largest pot still ever used was in the Old Midleton Distillery , County Cork , Ireland. Constructed in 1825, it had a capacity of 143,740 litres (31,618 imp gal) and

243-525: A visitor centre, a restaurant, and a gift shop. On 20 May 1796, Marcus Lynch leased land from Viscount Midleton , and having obtained rights to use the waters of the Dungourney River, Lynch in partnership with two London merchants, erected a large woollen mill. Lynch later became the sole owner of the premises following the bankruptcy of his partners. In 1803, during the Napoleonic Wars , this mill

270-545: Is located began life as a woollen mill, before being converted to a military barracks and subsequently a distillery in 1825. The distillery operated until 1975, when a new distillery was constructed alongside it to house the consolidated operations of three former whiskey-making rivals, John Jameson & Son , John Powers & Son , and Cork Distilleries Company (owners of the Midlelton Distillery), who had come together to form Irish Distillers in 1966. It now houses

297-515: The Jameson Experience, Midleton , is an former Irish whiskey distillery that was turned into a museum and visitor centre located in Midleton , County Cork , Ireland . Set over 15 acres, since opening as a visitor's centre in 1992, the old distillery has received approximately 100,000 guests per year, receiving 125,000 in 2015. The Old Midleton Distillery in which the Jameson Experience

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324-401: The lyne arm , after which it travels through the condenser (also known as the worm ), where it is cooled to yield a distillate with a higher concentration of alcohol than the original liquid. After one such stage of distillation, the resulting liquid, called "low wines", has a concentration of about 25–35% alcohol by volume. These low wines can be distilled again in a pot still to yield

351-460: The 1823 excise reforms) is underlined by the fact that just two years earlier, the largest pot still in Ireland had a capacity of just 750 gallons. In 1827, Murphy's distillery is reported to have produced over 188,000 proof gallons of spirit, and by the 1830s, distillery output had risen further, to 400,000 proof gallons per annum, with the distillery having a payroll of nearly 200. In the mid-1800s,

378-487: The British Empire). When Alfred Barnard visited Ireland, there were 28 distilleries in operation, however, by the 1960s, only a handful of these remained in operation. In 1966 three of these ( John Jameson & Son , John Powers & Son and Cork Distilleries Company ) chose to amalgamate their operations under the name of Irish Distillers and to close their existing facilities, and concentrate their operations in

405-558: The Irish whiskey industry underwent a period of turmoil, with temperance movement of the 1830s, and the Great Famine of the 1840s reducing domestic demand for whiskey. At the time, Cork was home to several distilleries, therefore, in the 1860s, James Murphy (head of the company, and son of the founder), suggested amalgamating the operations of several local distilleries. The other distilleries agreed, so in 1867, Cork Distilleries Company (CDC)

432-699: The Old Midleton Distillery reopened as a visitor's centre, known as the Jameson Experience. Murphy's Brewery , known for producing Murphy's Irish Stout , was established by two younger members of the Murphy family who left the distillery business to strike out on their own in brewing in the 1850s. Pot still A pot still is a type of distillation apparatus or still used to distill liquors such as whisky or brandy . In modern (post-1850s) practice, they are not used to produce rectified spirit , because they do not separate congeners from ethanol as effectively as other distillation methods. Pot stills operate on

459-476: The distillation purity. Distillers from the early 1800s with sufficient resources to operate both a primary still and a separate doubler would typically use a smaller still for the doubler (typically about half the capacity) than for the first distillation. An alternative way to reach an increased distillation purity without a full second stage of distillation is to put another pot (often a passive pot – i.e., without an external heat source) between

486-554: The distillery was known as Cork Distilleries Company Old Irish Whisky, before becoming known as simply "Paddy". In the years that followed Barnard's visit, the Irish whiskey industry entered a period of decline, with Irish whiskey losing significant market share due to a variety of events. These included, the rise of blended Scotch whisky, Prohibition in the United States, the Anglo-Irish trade war (which locked Irish exports out of

513-425: The first portions termed the foreshots and heads and the final parts called the tails and feints ) may be captured separately from that in the centre or "heart" of the distillation and may be discarded. This is because these portions of the distillate may contain high concentrations of congeners (which it may be desirable to keep out of the final distillate for reasons of style, taste and toxicity). For example,

540-549: The pot still (or "wash still") is filled about two-thirds full of a fermented liquid (or wash ) with an alcohol content of about 7–12%. In the case of whiskey distillation, the liquid used is a beer, while in the case of brandy production, it is a base wine . The pot still is then heated so that the liquid boils. The liquid being distilled is a mixture of mainly water and alcohol, along with smaller amounts of other by-products of fermentation (called congeners ), such as aldehydes and esters. At sea level , alcohol ( ethanol ) has

567-449: The pot still and the cooling worm. Such a pot is known as a thumper  – named after the sound made by the vapour as it bubbles through a pool of liquid in the thumper. The distinction between a thumper and a doubler is that a thumper receives its input as a vapour prior to cooling, while the intake of a doubler is an already-condensed liquid. During distillation, the initial and final portions of spirit which condense (with

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594-417: The presence of pectin in the wash (e.g., due to using a mash made from fruit) may result in the production of methanol (a.k.a. wood alcohol), which has a lower boiling point than ethanol and thus would be more concentrated in the foreshots. Methanol is toxic and at sufficient concentrations, it can cause blindness and fatal kidney failure. It is especially important to discard the initial foreshots, while

621-473: The property for the same price. On 20 December 1825, Lord Midleton sold the property for £4,000 to three brothers, James, Daniel and Jeremiah Murphy, who hoped to convert it for use as a distillery, the 1823 Excise Act having made distillation far more financially attractive. The Murphys invested a considerable sum in establishing a large distilling operation at the site, which was to become known as James Murphy and Company. A large undershot timber water wheel

648-576: The title Midleton Distillery . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Midleton_Distillery&oldid=1259314218 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Buildings and structures disambiguation pages Old Midleton Distillery The Old Midleton Distillery , also known as

675-402: Was formed, with Murphy at the helm. In 1867, CDC took control of four Cork distilleries: North Mall , The Green, Watercourse and Daly's , and a year later Midleton Distillery joined the fold. In 1886, Alfred Barnard , a British historian visited the distillery, describing its location close to both rail and water carriage, amidst large corn-growing country as a desirable location to establish

702-456: Was installed to help power the distillery (which was replaced in 1852, by an iron water wheel which survives on-site to this day). In addition, a mammoth 31,618 gallon pot still was constructed at the distillery which remains the largest ever built. The pot still was so large, that it needed to be assembled on-site with the distillery built around it. The ambition of the Murphys (and the effect of

729-571: Was purchased by the Government for £20,000 and converted for uses as a barracks and stables, though part of the premises was leased back to Lynch. Eighteen years later, with both Lynch and the barracks gone, the Government sold the building to Lord Midleton's brother, the Archbishop of Cashel , for £1,750, a steep discount on what they had paid for it. When the Archbishop died in 1824, Lord Midleton bought

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