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80-576: Geographically, Middle Tennessee is composed of the Highland Rim , which completely surrounds the Nashville Basin . The Cumberland Plateau is located in the eastern part of the region. Culturally, Middle Tennessee is considered part of the Upland South . Commodity crops such as cotton and tobacco were cultivated by migrant settlers in the region in the antebellum era , who were largely dependent on

160-727: A brigadier general of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War . The next year, the settlers signed the Cumberland Compact , which established the Cumberland Association , a representative form of government based on the government known as the Watauga Association that had been established by the settlers of East Tennessee. Fort Nashborough later developed as the city of Nashville, and

240-751: A classification yard in Nashville called Radnor Yard. Both the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers are navigable in Middle Tennessee. Historically, Middle Tennessee was predominately Democratic following the American Civil War , but the significant minority of African Americans joined the Republican Party. The white-dominated state legislature in the 1880s passed four laws that effectively disenfranchised most blacks and many poor whites, particularly due to

320-443: A geological dome . Both regions are characterized by porous limestone bedrock that lies close to the surface of the ground. This results in karst , which forms caves , underground streams, sinkholes , and depressions throughout the region. The Highland Rim is often divided into eastern and western halves. The Eastern Highland Rim is relatively flat, with gentle rolling hills, and the eastern Nashville Basin has similar terrain but

400-489: A series of sit-ins at segregated lunch counters in Nashville, which successfully resulted in the desegregation of facilities in the city. The construction of the Interstate Highway System in the latter 20th century facilitated suburbanization in the region and brought new industries to Middle Tennessee. Since 1970, the Nashville and Clarksville metropolitan areas have been two of the fastest-growing regions in

480-590: A civil disturbance known as the "Columbia Race Riot" occurred in Columbia , instigated by a fight between a Black Navy veteran and a White repair apprentice. Described by the press as the "first major racial confrontation" following World War II, the event garnered national attention. It marked a new era of resistance by African-American veterans and others following their participation in World War II , which they believed had earned them their full rights as citizens. During

560-621: A cycle often related to economic tensions and settlement of finances after harvest. In the late 19th century, African Americans began fleeing Middle Tennessee to booming industrial cities in the Northeast and Midwest. This mass migration, which occurred in every Southern state and accelerated between 1915 and 1930, became known as the first wave of the Great Migration . It continued until 1970. The region's economy continued to be based primarily on agriculture, but coal mining expanded extensively in

640-577: A few fairly low hills. The entire region is well watered with many perennial streams. There are occasional waterfalls which sometimes delineate the Highland Rim from the Central Basin which it surrounds. The Western Highland Rim is encountered a few miles west of Nashville and extends to the western valley of the Tennessee River . The area is a hilly area that is bisected by the Tennessee River and

720-716: A few miles north of the border with Alabama . The landforms are continuous with those in adjacent portions of Alabama, although perhaps the most spectacular landforms of any portion of the Rim are to be found there. The stratigraphy of the Southern Highland Rim is primarily composed of flat-lying limestones, dolomites , and shales, and to a much lesser extent, of cherts, siltstones , mudstones , and very fine grained to conglomeratic sandstones. 36°30′N 87°0′W  /  36.500°N 87.000°W  / 36.500; -87.000 Brigadier general (United States) In

800-548: A geographic bias. The weather in Nashville is a decent mix of extremes. Plenty of sunshine in the summer, and crisp, cold air throughout the winter. Interstate 40 (I-40) traverses Middle Tennessee in an east to west alignment, passing through Nashville and its suburbs to the east. Interstate 65 (I-65) runs north to south through the region, serving Nashville and its suburbs to the north and south, including Brentwood , Franklin , and Spring Hill . Interstate 24 (I-24) enters

880-574: A large part of the escarpment. This area is mostly undulating plains, hills, and karst . The Northern Highland Rim is encountered a few miles north of Nashville and extends to the Kentucky border, and the region of Kentucky adjacent to it called the Pennyroyal is largely a continuation of it under another name. For the most part the Southern Rim is the farthest from Nashville, rising at some points just

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960-409: A northern bypass around downtown Nashville, Ellington Parkway , part of U.S. Route 31E (US 31E) in Nashville, SR 386 (Vietnam Veterans Boulevard), which serves Nashville's northwestern suburbs of Hendersonville and Gallatin , and SR 396 (Saturn Parkway), which connects Spring Hill and its General Motors plant to I-65. Middle Tennessee also has several other important corridors that are part of

1040-586: A number of other settlements were established nearby in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The first settlements in Middle Tennessee became known as the Cumberland Settlements. In 1790, what is now Tennessee became the Southwest Territory , and the settlements in Middle Tennessee were organized into the Mero District, named after Spanish territorial governor Esteban Rodríguez Miró . In 1795,

1120-415: A one-star billet is two to four years. Other than voluntary retirement, statute sets a number of mandates for retirement. All brigadier generals must retire after five years in grade or 30 years of service, whichever is later, unless selected or appointed for promotion, or reappointed to grade to serve longer. Otherwise, all general and flag officers must retire the month after their 64th birthday. However,

1200-660: A population of about 170,000, is Middle Tennessee's second-largest city and the fifth-largest statewide. It is located in the northwest corner of the region near Kentucky. Murfreesboro , located about 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Nashville, is Middle Tennessee's third-largest city, with more than 150,000 residents. It is also the sixth-largest city in Tennessee and the largest suburb of Nashville. Other important suburbs of Nashville include Franklin , Hendersonville , Smyrna , Spring Hill , Gallatin , Mount Juliet , Lebanon , Columbia , Dickson , and Springfield . In addition to

1280-502: A result, these rocks are more resistant to erosion than the underlying purer limestones of the Lower (Early) Paleozoic. The geology is diverse and is typically limestone at valley floors (around 500 feet (150 m) elevation) and sandstone on ridges (to around 1,000 feet). The constituent bedrock is composed primarily of Mississippian aged St. Louis , and Warsaw limestones with Fort Payne chert underlain by Chattanooga Shale that forms

1360-482: A survey conducted by the territorial legislature found that the majority of residents of Middle Tennessee were opposed to statehood, while the majority of residents of East Tennessee, of which there were approximately three times more, were in favor. Tennessee was admitted to the Union as the 16th state the following year. During the antebellum era , a slavery -based agrarian economy took hold in Middle Tennessee, especially in

1440-440: A total economic impact of about $ 10   billion per year and to contribute approximately 56,000 jobs to the Nashville area. The largest service industry in Middle Tennessee is healthcare. More than 300 healthcare firms are based in the Nashville area, including Hospital Corporation of America (HCA), the world's largest private operator of hospitals, Community Health Systems , the largest provider of general hospital services in

1520-525: Is a geographic term for the area in Tennessee , North Alabama , and Kentucky which surrounds the Central Basin . Geologically, the Central Basin is a dome . The Highland Rim is a cuesta surrounding the basin, and the border where the difference in elevation is sharply pronounced is an escarpment . The Highland Rim is a physiographic section of the larger Interior Low Plateaus province, which in turn

1600-439: Is a top equestrian location. The Tennessee Walking Horse was first bred in the region in the late 18th century and is today one of the most recognized horse breeds in the world. The Cumberland Plateau is a major source of timber, and reportedly ranks as one of the top producers of hardwood in the country. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) provides electric power to Middle Tennessee. TVA operates coal and gas fired plants in

1680-612: Is abbreviated as BG in the Army, BGen in the Marine Corps, and Brig Gen in the Air Force and Space Force. The Civil Air Patrol also uses this grade for its National Vice Commander and some past National commanders. The rank of brigadier general has existed in the U.S. military since the inception of the Continental Army in June 1775. To prevent mistakes in recognizing officers, a general order

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1760-590: Is best developed on the Mississippian St. Louis Limestone and the Ste. Genevieve Limestone . The Eastern Rim rises approximately fifty miles east of Nashville and is bordered to its east by even higher terrain, the Cumberland Plateau . Erosion has exposed carbonate bedrock of Late Paleozoic age. These carbonate rocks contain variable amounts of chert and are often interbedded with fine grained clastic rocks. As

1840-632: Is bisected by the Tennessee River, is defined by state law to be entirely within West Tennessee and that Bledsoe , Cumberland , and Marion counties are defined as part of East Tennessee despite being in the Central Time Zone. Consequently, Sequatchie County is often considered part of East Tennessee, despite being defined by law as part of Middle Tennessee. Two northeastern counties of Middle Tennessee, Fentress and Pickett , that supported

1920-411: Is dotted with more distinct hills in places. The western Nashville Basin and Western Highland Rim are more rugged, consisting of irregular knob-like hills separated by steep ravines and crooked stream valleys. The eastern Highland Rim has a higher average elevation, however, than the western portion. The eastern portion of Middle Tennessee consists of the western portion of the Cumberland Plateau , part of

2000-704: Is now Middle Tennessee. The region is believed to have been rich in game animals favored by Ice Age hunter-gatherers . During the Mississippian period (1000–1600 AD), Native Americans established chiefdoms and constructed numerous earthwork mounds in the region, such as Mound Bottom in Cheatham County and the Castalian Springs site in Sumner County . By the late 17th century, for unknown reasons, there were few Native Americans left in Middle Tennessee, but

2080-459: Is now a city park called Centennial Park . The worst rail accident in U.S. history occurred on July 9, 1918, in Nashville when two passenger trains collided head on , killing 101 people and injuring 171. Human error was ultimately deemed to be the main cause of the accident. The Grand Ole Opry was first broadcast in 1925 in Nashville, and remains the longest-running radio program in the nation. This radio program helped establish Nashville as

2160-463: Is one silver star worn on the shoulder or collar, and has not changed since the creation of the rank two centuries ago. Since the Mexican–American War , however, the lower rank of colonel has been the normal rank appointed to command a brigade that is organic to a division ( e.g. , the 1st Brigade of the 94th Infantry Division , vice the 187th Infantry Brigade ). While separate brigades (e.g.

2240-524: Is part of the larger Interior Plains physiographic division. Most of the Highland Rim is located in U.S. EPA Ecoregion 71, Interior Plateau, which is a part of the Eastern Temperate Forest . The sections of the Highland Rim are referred to the four cardinal directions, e.g., "Northern Highland Rim", etc. The Highland Rim is rather continuous and any division of it, including the ones made below, are somewhat arbitrary. The term "highland" here

2320-513: Is raised throughout the region. Middle Tennessee is perhaps best known for its horticultural products and for being a prime breeding ground for horses . Warren County is one of the top producers of nursery products in the nation, and is nicknamed the "Nursery Capitol of the World". The soils of the Nashville Basin reportedly produce grasses which are favorable to horses, and as a result, the region

2400-420: Is relative: it is certainly higher than the basin it surrounds, but it nonetheless is seldom at an elevation above 1,100 feet (340 m) above sea level and never more than about 1,400 feet (430 m) above sea level except where interrupted, primarily to the southeast, by outliers of the Cumberland Plateau . With the exception of a few broad stream bottoms, the land is characterized by ridges and valleys with

2480-522: Is reportedly one of the fastest growing in the United States. Nicknamed "Music City", Nashville is perhaps best known as the home of country music. The Big Three record labels , as well as numerous independent labels, have offices in Nashville, mostly in the Music Row area. Today, Nashville is the second-largest music recording center, behind New York City . Nashville's music industry is estimated to have

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2560-679: Is the largest manufacturing sector in Middle Tennessee. Nissan operates an assembly plant in Smyrna , which is the largest automotive assembly plant in North America, and also operates an engine plant in Decherd . General Motors operates an assembly plant in Spring Hill that was formerly the sole manufacturing facility for Saturn Corporation . Nissan relocated its North American headquarters from California to Franklin in 2005, and Mitsubishi Motors did

2640-449: The 2020 census it had 2,883,086 inhabitants living in its 41 counties, an increase of 427,175, or 17.39%, over the 2010 figure of 2,455,911 inhabitants. This represented the region's largest net population increase in history. Its population was 41.72% of the state's total. Its population density was 169.50 inhabitants per square mile (65.44/km), making it the second-most densely populated Grand Division, behind East Tennessee . Prior to

2720-910: The American Battlefield Trust operates the Franklin Battlefield . The Natchez Trace Parkway begins in Nashville, and runs through the southwestern part of Middle Tennessee. In addition, the state operates many state parks in Middle Tennessee that preserve historic sites and natural features of the region. Middle Tennessee has an abundance of institutions of higher learning—most notably Vanderbilt , Belmont , Lipscomb , and Tennessee State universities in Nashville and Tennessee Tech University in Cookeville . Other prominent universities are Austin Peay State University in Clarksville,

2800-564: The Battle of Nashville the following month. The United States Colored Troops (USCT) played a major role in this campaign. During Reconstruction , Middle Tennessee's economy fell into a state of disrepair. The Ku Klux Klan was formed in Pulaski in December 1865 as a vigilante organization to advance the interests of former Confederates, including maintenance of white supremacy . In the years following

2880-504: The Cherokee and the Chickasaw claimed the region as their hunting grounds. Natives that had occupied what is now Middle Tennessee prior to this time may have died as a result of new infectious diseases indirectly introduced by European explorers. The first Europeans to reach what is now Middle Tennessee were probably an expedition in 1540–1541 led by Spanish conquistador Hernando De Soto . By

2960-680: The Confederate States of America (CSA), although a few counties in the extreme southwest ( Wayne ) and northeast ( Macon and Fentress ) continued to favor the Union. A number of crucial campaigns and battles of the Civil War took place in Middle Tennessee. General Ulysses S. Grant and the U.S. Navy captured control of the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers in February 1862 at the battles of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson , essentially establishing Union control of Middle Tennessee. Union troops occupied

3040-582: The Cumberland River valleys. Underlying bedrock of the region is chiefly Mississippian limestone , chert , shale , and sandstone with exposures of Devonian , Silurian , Ordovician , and Cambrian limestone, chert, and shale. In the northern part of the Western Highland Rim, sinkholes readily occur in an area with a southern extension of the Pennyroyal plateau of Kentucky, where the karst

3120-614: The Franklin–Nashville campaign in the fall of 1864, when the Army of Tennessee under the command of General John Bell Hood unsuccessfully tried to lure Union General William Tecumseh Sherman , who was conducting the Atlanta campaign in Georgia, back into the region. Hood was defeated at the Battle of Franklin in November, then completely dispersed from the state by General George Thomas at

3200-508: The National Highway System (NHS), including U.S. Routes 43 , 64 , 70S , 79 , and 231 , and State Routes 55 and 111 . Nashville International Airport (BNA) is the region's primary airport and the busiest airport in Tennessee. The WeGo Star is a commuter rail service that serves Nashville and its eastern suburbs of Mt. Juliet and Lebanon. CSX Transportation operates most freight trackage in Middle Tennessee, and runs

3280-956: The Tennessee State Museum , and Jack Daniel's Distillery . A number of antebellum residences are preserved in the region, including The Hermitage , the home of Andrew Jackson , the Belle Meade Plantation , and several homes in Franklin. As well as the President James K. Polk Home & Museum in Columbia. The National Park Service preserves two Civil War battlefields in Middle Tennessee: Fort Donelson National Battlefield near Dover , and Stones River National Battlefield in Murfreesboro. In addition,

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3360-518: The Union during the American Civil War are sometimes culturally considered part of East Tennessee, which had strongly supported the Union. Most of Middle Tennessee is located within the Highland Rim and Nashville Basin , both of which are part of the Interior Low Plateaus of the larger Interior Plains . The Highland Rim is an elevated plain that which completely surrounds the Nashville Basin,

3440-554: The United States Armed Forces , a brigadier general is a one-star general officer in the United States Army , Marine Corps , Air Force , and Space Force . A brigadier general ranks above a colonel and below a major general . The pay grade of brigadier general is O-7. It is equivalent to the rank of rear admiral (lower half) in the other United States uniformed services which use naval ranks . It

3520-762: The University of the South in Sewanee , Cumberland University in Lebanon , University of Tennessee Southern in Pulaski and Middle Tennessee State University in Murfreesboro, which is the state's second-largest institution of higher learning, just behind the University of Tennessee in Knoxville. Unlike the geographic designations of regions of most U.S. states , the term Middle Tennessee has legal as well as socioeconomic meaning. Middle Tennessee, West Tennessee , and East Tennessee are

3600-663: The 1750s and 1760s, longhunters from Virginia explored much of Middle Tennessee, especially the Cumberland Plateau . In 1769, French-born fur trader Timothy Demonbreun established residence along the Cumberland River in present-day Nashville. In 1779, James Robertson and John Donelson led two groups of settlers from the Washington District in what is now East Tennessee to the French Lick. These settlers constructed Fort Nashborough , which they named for Francis Nash ,

3680-491: The 187th, commanded by then-BG William Westmoreland in Korea) were traditionally commanded by brigadier generals, this practice has ceased in recent history. Today, an Army or Marine Corps "BG" or "BGen," respectively, typically serves as deputy commander to the commanding general of a division or division-sized units and assists in overseeing the planning and coordination of a mission. A Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB), as

3760-399: The 2010 census, Middle Tennessee was the second-most populous of the state's Grand Divisions, behind East Tennessee. Nashville, the state's capital and largest city, is located in north-central Middle Tennessee. It has nearly 700,000 residents, and anchors a 13-county metropolitan area with about 2 million residents that has been Tennessee's largest since the early 1990s. Clarksville , with

3840-476: The Civil War, African Americans and their White allies in Middle Tennessee were targeted with acts of violence by former Confederates. Many freedmen (former slaves) became sharecroppers following the end of slavery, and were often disadvantaged by the planters' recordkeeping and contracts. The post-Reconstruction era in Middle Tennessee was characterized by continued White violence against African Americans, especially related to elections, and many were lynched in

3920-401: The Cumberland Plateau in Middle Tennessee in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1897, Tennessee celebrated its centennial of statehood one year late with the Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition in Nashville. A full-scale replica of the Parthenon in Athens was designed by architect William Crawford Smith and constructed for the celebration The site of the exposition

4000-546: The Nashville and Clarksville metropolitan areas, Cookeville , located in the eastern part of the region, and Shelbyville , located about 50 miles (80 km) southeast of Nashville, anchor important population centers in Middle Tennessee. Other important cities in the region include Manchester , McMinnville , Tullahoma , Winchester , Lewisburg , and Lawrenceburg . A diversity of sectors drives Middle Tennessee's economy, including music and entertainment, automotive manufacturing, healthcare, and technology. The region's economy

4080-437: The President nominates an officer for appointment to fill that position. For all five uniformed services, because the grade of brigadier general is a permanent rank, the nominee may still be screened by an in-service promotion board. The rank does not expire when the officer vacates a one-star position. Tour length varies depending on the position, by statute, or when the officer receives a new assignment. The average tour length of

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4160-426: The Secretary of Defense can defer a general or flag officer's retirement until the officer's 66th birthday and the President can defer it until the officer's 68th birthday. Because there are a finite number of General officer positions, one officer must retire before another can be promoted. As a result, General and flag officers typically retire well in advance of the statutory age and service limits, so as not to impede

4240-749: The United States, Envision Healthcare , Vanguard Health Systems , Ardent Health Services , and LifePoint Health. Other important business sectors in the region include banking, finance, insurance, and publishing. The technology sector is also rapidly becoming an important aspect of Middle Tennessee's economy, with such tech giants as Amazon and Oracle pledging investments in the area in 2018 and 2021, respectively, that are expected to employ thousands. Other major corporations headquartered in Middle Tennessee include Caterpillar Inc. in Nashville, Acadia Senior Living in Franklin, Dollar General in Goodlettsville, Tractor Supply Company and Delek US in Brentwood, and Cracker Barrel in Lebanon. Automotive manufacturing

4320-400: The United States. This growth has accelerated since 1990, causing Middle Tennessee to surpass East Tennessee as the most populous of the state's grand divisions in the 2000s. The region's economy has been transformed by new economic sectors, including the automotive, healthcare, banking, technology, and entertainment industries. Unlike the geographic designations of regions of most U.S. states,

4400-544: The advice of the Secretary of Defense, the service secretary, and if applicable, the service's chief of staff or commandant. The President may nominate any eligible officer who is not on the recommended list if it serves in the interest of the nation, but this is uncommon. The Senate must then confirm the nominee before the officer can be promoted. Once the nominee is confirmed, they are promoted to that rank once they assume or hold an office that requires or allows an officer of that rank. For positions of office reserved by statute,

4480-430: The bloodiest battles of the entire war. In February, the Confederates took about 670 to 870 casualties in the Battle of Dover when Colonel Abner C. Harding defeated the 2500 Confederate troops with 800 Union soldiers. The next summer, Rosecrans's Tullahoma campaign forced Bragg's remaining troops in Middle Tennessee to flee to Chattanooga with little fighting. The last major battles in Middle Tennessee occurred during

4560-461: The city as the home of country music . Since the early 1970s, the region has been transformed by the entry of many new economic sectors, including automotive manufacturing, healthcare, finance, technology, tourism, and professional services. Both the Nashville and Clarksville metropolitan areas are among the fastest-growing regions in the nation. Throughout the past 10,000 years, a number of different Native peoples are believed to have inhabited what

4640-426: The continuation of slavery but were skeptical about leaving the Union. Following the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter in April 1861, which started the Civil War , and President Lincoln's call to raise federal troops in response, many Middle Tennesseans changed their opinions about secession. In June 1861, Middle Tennessee voted in favor of Tennessee's second ordnance of secession, which resulted in Tennessee joining

4720-411: The early years of the civil rights movement , the Highlander Folk School near Monteagle provided training to a number of activists in the movement, including Martin Luther King Jr. , Ralph Abernathy , John Lewis , and Rosa Parks . The Nashville Student Movement was organized as part of workshops on nonviolence taught by activist James Lawson . Between February and May 1960, the group organized

4800-450: The fertile soils of the Nashville Basin . Planters primarily grew cotton in the Nashville Basin, and tobacco and corn were cultivated in the Highland Rim . By 1860 , enslaved African Americans composed about 29% of the population of Middle Tennessee. After the election of Abraham Lincoln that year, a majority of Middle Tennesseans voted against the state's ordinance of secession in February 1861. Many of these white voters supported

4880-462: The labor of enslaved African Americans . In addition, planters bred and trained livestock, such as the world-famous Tennessee Walking Horse , which was developed as a breed in the region during this time. Middle Tennessee was a crucial region during the American Civil War . Tennessee was occupied by Federal troops from 1862 through the end of the war. Many battles and campaigns were waged by Confederates in this region, especially in efforts to control

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4960-407: The larger Appalachian Plateau of the Appalachian Mountains . The Cumberland Plateau has an average elevation of 2,000 feet (610 m), and is characterized by flat-topped tablelands separated by long, crooked stream valleys and rocky cliffs with numerous waterfalls . Middle Tennessee's highest elevation, at 2,382 feet (726 m), is found on the Cumberland Plateau in Grundy County . Under

5040-428: The late 17th century, the French had begun to explore the Cumberland River valley in Middle Tennessee. In 1714, a group of French traders constructed a trading post at a site along the Cumberland River in modern-day Nashville that became known as French Lick. These settlers quickly established an extensive fur trading network with the local Native Americans, but by the 1740s the settlement had largely been abandoned. In

5120-426: The major rivers. Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest conducted extensive raids through this area, destroying many Union assets in the 1864 Battle of Johnsonville . The bloodiest major battle of the American Civil War by the proportion of engaged soldiers who became casualties, the Battle of Stones River , was also fought here. In the 20th century, the Grand Ole Opry was established in Nashville, enhancing

5200-412: The medium capability (and sized) scalable Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) with up to 20,000 Marines, is normally commanded by a Marine BGen. An Air Force brigadier general typically commands a large wing or serves as the deputy commander for a NAF . Additionally, one-star officers of all services may serve as high-level staff officers in large military organizations. U.S. law explicitly limits

5280-405: The most common definition, the following 41 counties are included in Middle Tennessee: The Official Tourism Website of Tennessee has a definition of Middle Tennessee slightly different from the legal definition; the website includes Cumberland County while excluding Grundy and Sequatchie counties. Middle Tennessee is the largest in area and most populated of the state's three Grand Divisions. At

5360-421: The national home of country music . During World War II Camp Forrest , located in Tullahoma , was one of the U.S. Army 's largest training bases. It was also used to house German, Italian, and Japanese prisoners of war. After the war, it was adapted as Arnold Air Force Base . The Vultee Aircraft Corporation operated a plant in Nashville during the war, employing mostly women. On February 25 and 26, 1946,

5440-502: The permanent grade of brigadier general, eligible officers are screened by a promotion board consisting of general officers from their branch of service. This promotion board then generates a list of officers it recommends for promotion to general rank. This list is then sent to the service secretary and the Joint Chiefs for review before it can be sent to the President , through the Secretary of Defense , for consideration. The President nominates officers to be promoted from this list with

5520-464: The region in Clarksville and runs in a southeast to northwest alignment, passing through Nashville and its southeastern suburbs of La Vergne , Smyrna , and Murfreesboro , before exiting the region in the southeast. I-440 serves as a bypass around downtown Nashville, and I-840 is an outer bypass around Nashville, passing though suburban counties to the south. Other important freeways in Middle Tennessee include State Route 155 (SR 155/Briley Parkway),

5600-425: The region, including the Cumberland Fossil Plant , Gallatin Fossil Plant , and the Johnsonville Combustion Turbine Plant , as well as several hydroelectric dams. In addition, TVA also purchases power from dams on the Cumberland River and its tributaries operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers . The largest provider of power to the region, however, is the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant in northern Alabama,

5680-595: The requirement of payment of a poll tax in order to register to vote, which reduced the competitiveness of the Republican Party in this part of the state. Middle Tennessee is represented by the 4th , 5th , 6th , and 7th congressional districts. The Supreme Court building for Middle Tennessee is in Nashville . Similar rules apply to certain other state commissions and boards, as well, to prevent them from showing any geographical biases. 35°48′N 86°36′W  /  35.8°N 86.6°W  / 35.8; -86.6 Highland Rim The Highland Rim

5760-463: The responsibilities of the rank expanded significantly. During the period from March 16, 1802, to January 11, 1812, the rank of major general was abolished and brigadier general became the highest rank in the U.S. Army. Foreseeing the need for an expanded general staff in case of war, which seemed imminent, Congress restored the rank of major general in January 1812. The insignia for a brigadier general

5840-492: The same in 2019. Bridgestone has its North American corporate headquarters in Nashville, and operates manufacturing facilities throughout the region. Middle Tennessee is home to several automotive parts suppliers scattered throughout the region. Other products manufactured in Middle Tennessee include processed foods, consumer electronics, electrical equipment, computer products, chemicals, and firearms. Soybeans and tobacco are grown throughout Middle Tennessee, and beef cattle

5920-573: The second-largest nuclear plant in the United States. Tourism plays a major role in Middle Tennessee's economy. Nashville has the largest tourism economy in the state, and contains many attractions, mostly related to its musical heritage. Top attractions in the region include the Grand Ole Opry , Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum , Ryman Auditorium , Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center , Johnny Cash Museum , National Museum of African American Music , Frist Art Museum , The Parthenon ,

6000-535: The state for the duration of the war. Union strength in the area, however, was tested by a series of Confederate offensives beginning in the summer of 1862, which culminated in Union General William Rosecrans 's Army of the Cumberland routing Confederate General Braxton Bragg 's Army of Tennessee at the Battle of Stones River in Murfreesboro in December 1862 and January 1863. This was one of

6080-487: The state's three Grand Divisions . According to the Tennessee State Constitution , no more than two of the state supreme court 's five justices can come from any one Grand Division. The Supreme Court rotates meeting in courthouses in each of the three divisions. The Supreme Court building for Middle Tennessee is in Nashville . A similar rule applies to certain other commissions and boards, in order to prevent

6160-498: The state's total land area. According to custom, Middle Tennessee consists of the portion of the state east of the Tennessee River 's western crossing of the state (in which it flows northward back into Tennessee after having flowed through northern Alabama ) and west of the dividing line between the Eastern and Central time zones . Exceptions to this rule are that Hardin County , which

6240-421: The term "Middle Tennessee" has legal as well as socioeconomic and cultural meaning. Middle Tennessee comprises one of the state's three Grand Divisions , whose boundaries are defined by state law. The others are East Tennessee and West Tennessee , each with distinctive history, geography, and demographics. The total land area of Middle Tennessee is 17,009.41 square miles (44,054.2 km), representing 41.27% of

6320-481: The total number of general officers who may be on active duty. The total number of active duty general officers is capped at 218 for the Army, 62 for the Marine Corps, 170 for the Air Force, and 21 for the Space Force. The President or Secretary of Defense may increase the number of slots for one branch, so long as they subtract an equal number from another. Some of these slots are reserved by statute. For promotion to

6400-423: Was issued on July 14, 1775, establishing that brigadier generals would wear a ribbon, worn across the breast, between coat and waistcoat, pink in color. Later, on June 18, 1780, it was prescribed that brigadier generals would instead wear a single silver star on each epaulette . At first, brigadier generals were infantry officers who commanded a brigade ; however, over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries,

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