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26-590: The Metropolitan Palace , also known as Greek Catholic Archbishops Palace , opposite St. George's Cathedral in Lviv , Ukraine, has been the principal residence of the Metropolitans of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church since the 16th century. The current building was erected in 1761-62 to Clement Fessinger's designs and displays traits of the transition from Baroque to Neo-Classical . The façade bears

52-638: A belfry , the Baroque Metropolitan Palace and chapter house, as well as a garden enclosed behind two gates. 49°50′19.48″N 24°0′46.19″E  /  49.8387444°N 24.0128306°E  / 49.8387444; 24.0128306 Union of Brest The Union of Brest took place in 1595–1596 and represented an agreement by Eastern Orthodox Churches in the Ruthenian portions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth to accept

78-601: A plaque in memory of Archbishop Andrey Sheptytsky . On the west side of the palace extends an old flower garden . Pope John Paul II stayed at the palace during his 2001 visit to Ukraine. This Ukrainian Greek Catholicism -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a Ukrainian building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . St. George%27s Cathedral, Lviv A church has stood on St. George Hill ( Ukrainian : Святоюрська гора , translit. sviatoyurs'ka hora ) since around 1280, dating back to

104-605: A time when the area was still part of the Principality of Halych-Volhynia . After the original wooden church and the fortress it was situated in were destroyed by King Casimir III of Poland in 1340, a four-column Byzantine basilica was constructed for the local Eastern Orthodox Church . In July 1700, the Act of Unification of the Lviv archeparchy with the Holy See (the Bishop of Rome –

130-705: The Latin Church . In 1595, both Hedeon Balaban and Mykhailo Kopystenskyi withdrew their signatures from the agreement. That same year the Archbishop of Polotsk, Nathaniel Sielitskyi, died, and was replaced with Herman Zahorksyi. The union was solemnly and publicly proclaimed in the Hall of Constantine in the Vatican . Canon Eustachy Wołłowicz , of Vilnius , read in Ruthenian and in Latin

156-518: The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth gathered in synod in the city of Brest . They signed a declaration of their readiness to reunite with Rome. The 33 articles of Union were accepted by Pope Sixtus V . At first widely successful, the Union lost some of its initial support within the following several decades, mainly due to its enforcement on the Orthodox parishes, which provoked several massive uprisings. At

182-562: The Pope ) was proclaimed in this older version of St. George's when Bishop Joseph Shumlanskyi openly embraced the Union of Brest (1596). Construction of the present Cathedral was started in 1746 by Metropolitan Athanasius Szeptycki and finished in 1762 by Leo Szeptycki . Following the necessity of transferring the seat of the metropolitan of the Church to Lviv in the 1800s, St. George's Cathedral became

208-699: The Tsardom of Russia , where he finally acknowledged the Russian Orthodox Church in Moscow (estranged from Constantinople since the 1440s) and consecrated Patriarch Job of Moscow as the Eastern Orthodox All-Russian Patriarch (a dignity previously held by Isidore from 1437 to 1441). Patriarch Jeremias II deposed the Metropolitan of Kiev, Onesiphorus Divochka  [ uk ] , and with

234-557: The Catholic Churches were made on several occasions, including an instance in 1452 in which the deposed Metropolitan of Kiev , Isidore (in office from 1437 to 1441), endorsed the 1439 Union of Florence and formally promised the unity of the Ruthenian Orthodox Church with Rome. In 1588–1589, Patriarch of Constantinople Jeremias II traveled across Eastern Europe, particularly the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and

260-508: The Church of Rus' into Greek Catholic and Greek Orthodox jurisdictions. The greatest noble to oppose it was Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski . In 1620, the Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Ruthenia was erected under the care of the Patriarchate of Constantinople for dissenting Eastern Orthodox faithful. This resulted in parallel successions of metropolitans to the same ecclesiastical title in

286-789: The Pope's authority while maintaining Eastern Orthodox liturgical practices, leading to the formation of the Ruthenian Uniate Church , which currently exists as the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church . History of Christianity in Ukraine Rome-oriented Christians and their Byzantium-oriented counterparts formally severed connections from 1054. Subsequent attempts to unify Eastern Orthodox believers and

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312-839: The Ruthenians "should remain with that which was handed down to us in the Holy Scriptures, in the Gospel, and in the writings of the holy Greek Doctors, that is, that the Holy Spirit proceeds, not from two sources and not by a double procession, but from one origin, from the Father through the Son." The bishops asked to be dispensed from the obligation of introducing the Gregorian Calendar , so as to avoid popular discontent and dissensions, and insisted that

338-549: The Ruthenians his support. A medal was struck to commemorate the event, with the inscription: Ruthenis receptis . On the same day the bull Magnus Dominus et laudabilis nimis was published, announcing to the Roman Catholic world for the first time that Ruthenians were in the unity of the Roman Church. The bull recites the events which led to the union, the arrival of Pociej and Terlecki at Rome , their abjuration, and

364-610: The UGCC), concealed in the church loft, witnessed the decision to join the Metropolinate of Halychyna with the Russian Orthodox Church , along with the rest the catholic parishes across Soviet Ukraine . The Cathedral was reconsecrated as Saint Yury's , and became the mother church of the Lvіv-Ternopіl diocese. The UGCC reemerged in 1989, when it was recognized by the Soviet authorities in

390-630: The approval of the King of Poland Sigismund III , consecrated Michael Rohoza as the new Metropolitan of Kiev, Halych, and all Rus' (Jeremias was notably imprisoned by the Ottomans and by the Muscovites, and was forced to elevate the see of Moscow to a patriarchy. ). After Patriarch Jeremias II left Muscovy in 1589, four out of nine bishops of the Eastern Orthodox Church in the Ruthenian lands of

416-601: The cathedral took place in 1996 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the Union of Brest . However, restoration of the cathedral's grounds is ongoing. In August 2005, the seat of the Major Archbishop of the UGCC was moved to Kyiv , the nation's capital, changing from The Major Archbishop of Lviv to The Major Archbishop of Kyiv-Halych . However, the cathedral remains one of the most important churches in Ukraine, and functions as

442-586: The central church of the Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv . Designed by architect Bernard Meretyn and sculptor Johann Georg Pinsel , St. George's Cathedral reflects both Western influences and the traditions of Ukrainian church construction. An expressive statue of St. George the Dragon-slayer , by Pinsel, stands in the church attic. Pinsel's hands also created the stone images of Pope St. Leo and St. Athanasius who stand on guard over

468-462: The church portal "warning with their stern look about their readiness to fight against anyone not showing enough venerability." In contrast, the architecture of the courtyard has a more soothing effect on visitors. An icon for the Church parish by Luka Dolynskyi depicts the banishment of merchants from the Temple . Another icon, Apostles , conveys a very strong expression of pain and desperate begging of

494-466: The concession to the Ruthenians that they should retain their own rite, save for such customs as were opposed to the purity of Catholic doctrine and incompatible with the communion of the Roman Church. On 7 February 1596, Pope Clement VIII addressed to the Ruthenian episcopate the brief Benedictus sit Pastor ille bonus , enjoining the convocation of a synod in which the Ruthenian bishops were to recite

520-947: The human being to the Almighty to bestow eternity on "a feeble soul stiff with the fear of death." The most precious relic of the church is the Wonder-working Icon of the Virgin Mary (17th century). It was brought to Lviv from Terebovlia in 1674 by bishop Joseph Shumlianskyi. In the Cathedral's tombs are buried distinguished figures of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church. Among them are Cardinal Sylvester Sembratovych , Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytsky , Major Metropolitan Josyf Slipyj , Metropolitan Volodymyr Sterniuk , and Cardinal Myroslav Ivan Lubachivsky . The architectural ensemble of St. George's Cathedral also includes

546-448: The king of Poland should grant them, as of right, the dignity of senators. The union was strongly supported by the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania , Sigismund III Vasa , but opposed by some bishops and prominent nobles of Rus', and (perhaps most importantly) by the nascent Cossack movement for Ukrainian self-rule. The result was "Rus' fighting against Rus'", and the splitting of

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572-600: The letter of the Ruthenian episcopate to the Pope , dated 12 June 1595. Cardinal Silvio Antoniani thanked the Ruthenian episcopate in the name of the Pope, and expressed his joy at the happy event. Then Hipacy Pociej , Bishop of Volodymyr, in his own name and that of the Ruthenian episcopate, read in Latin the formula of abjuration of the 1054 Greek Schism, Bishop Cyril Terlecki of Lutsk read it in Ruthenian, and they affixed their signatures. Pope Clement VIII then addressed to them an allocution , expressing his joy and promising

598-528: The midst of Perestroika , and began to reclaim parishes which they had ceded 45 years earlier. On August 12, 1990, members of the People's Movement of Ukraine party occupied and commandeered the cathedral. Two days later, the governing council of the Lviv Oblast recognized UGCC's claim to the cathedral, and it has remained a centre for the UGCC throughout the early years of Ukraine's independence . Restoration of

624-604: The mother church of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC). After the Second World War , Soviet authorities began persecuting the UGCC, imprisoning the newly ordained Archbishop of Lviv, Josyf Slipyj , in 1945, as well as the rest of the church hierarchy. In March 1946, the cathedral hosted the Synod of Lviv , which nullified the Union of Brest. A young Volodymyr Sterniuk (future archbishop and leader of

650-568: The profession of the Catholic Faith. Various letters were also sent to the Polish king, princes, and magnates, exhorting them to receive the Ruthenians under their protection. Another bull, Decet Romanum pontificem , dated 23 February 1596, defined the rights of the Ruthenian episcopate and their relations in subjection to the Holy See . It was agreed that the formulation filioque should not be inserted in Ruthenians' Nicene Creed , and that

676-487: The request of Prince Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski , Hypatius Pociej left his post of Greater Castellan of Brześć Litewski and accepted the King's appointment to the eparchy of Volodymyr-Brest. Prince Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski considered that the Metropolitan of Kyiv should reach an agreement with the eastern patriarchs, the Patriarch of Moscow , and Metropolis of Moldavia and Bukovina for joint participation in agreement with

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