23-729: The Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company ( 首都圏新都市鉄道株式会社 , Shuto-ken Shin Toshi Tetsudō kabushiki gaisha , lit. " Metropolitan Area ’s New City Railway Stock Company") is a third-sector railway operating company in Japan. It was established on 15 March 1991 to construct the 58.3 km Tsukuba Express (then known as the Jōban Shinsen ) commuter railway line from Akihabara in Tokyo to Tsukuba in Ibaraki Prefecture . The Tsukuba Express line
46-485: A population density of 2,642 people/km . It is the second-largest single metropolitan area in the world in terms of built-up or urban function landmass at 8,547 km (3,300 mi ), behind only the New York City metropolitan area at 11,642 km (4,495 mi ). With over US$ 2 trillion GDP Tokyo remains the second wealthiest metropolitan area in the world also behind New York. There are various definitions of
69-521: A (broken) loop about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from central Tokyo. Situated along the loop are the major cities of Yokohama (to the south of Tokyo), Hachiōji (to the west), Ōmiya (now part of Saitama City, to the north), and Chiba (to the east). Within the Route 16 loop, the coastline of Tokyo Bay is heavily industrialised, with the Keihin Industrial Area stretching from Tokyo down to Yokohama, and
92-473: A CSA and an MSA/μSA is that the social and economic ties between the individual MSAs/μSAs within a CSA are at lower levels than between the counties within an MSA. CSAs represent multiple metropolitan or micropolitan areas that have an employment interchange of at least 15% (% commuting from A to B plus % commuting from B to A). CSAs often represent regions with overlapping labor and media markets. As of 2023, there are 181 combined statistical areas across
115-564: A combination of adjacent metropolitan (MSA) and micropolitan statistical areas (μSA) across the 50 U.S. states and the territory of Puerto Rico that can demonstrate economic or social linkage. CSAs were first designated in 2003. OMB defines a CSA by various combinations of adjacent metropolitan and micropolitan areas with economic ties measured by commuting patterns. CSAs retain their own designations as metropolitan or micropolitan statistical areas in their respective larger combined statistical areas. The primary distinguishing factor between
138-841: A study by Center for Spatial Information Service , the University of Tokyo . Abbreviations: CF for National Census Final Data (every 5 years by JSB), CR for Civil Registry (compiled by local governments, monthly as per legal requirement), CP for Census Preliminary. The National Capital Region ( 首都圏 , Shutoken ) of Japan refers to the Greater Tokyo Area as defined by the Metropolitan Area Readjustment Act [ ja ] ( 首都圏整備法 , Shutoken-seibi-hō ) of 1956, which defines it as "Tokyo and its surrounding area declared by government ordinance." The government ordinance defined it as Tokyo and all six prefectures in
161-511: Is easily considered the world's largest in terms of both daily passenger throughput with a daily trips of over 40 million (20 million different passengers) as well as physical extent with approximately 2,578 kilometres (1,602 mi) of track. Shinjuku station is used by an average of 3.34 million people per day, making it the world's busiest train station. Some 57 percent of all Greater Tokyo residents used rail as their primary means of transport in 2001. JR East and many other carriers crisscross
184-501: Is treated as one of the forty-seven prefectures of Japan . The metropolis is administered by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government as a whole. Central Tokyo, situated in the eastern portion of Tokyo Metropolis, was once incorporated as Tokyo City , which was dismantled during World War II . Its subdivisions have been reclassified as special wards ( 特別区 , tokubetsu-ku ) . The twenty three special wards currently have
207-543: The Keiyō Industrial Zone from Tokyo eastwards to Chiba. Along the periphery of the main urban area are numerous new suburban housing developments such as the Tama New Town . The landscape is relatively flat compared to most of Japan, most of it comprising low hills. Outside the Route 16 loop the landscape becomes more rural. To the southwest is an area known as Shōnan , which contains various cities and towns along
230-399: The combined statistical area of New York City , at 30,671 square kilometres (11,842 sq mi) and 21.9 million people. Other metropolitan areas such as Greater Jakarta are considerably more compact as well as more densely populated than Greater Tokyo. (populations listed for those over 300,000) Tokyo is legally classified as a to ( 都 ) , which translates as "metropolis", and
253-403: The 23 special wards, formerly treated as a single city but now governed as separate municipalities, and containing many major commercial centres such as Shinjuku , Shibuya , Ikebukuro and Ginza . Around the 23 special wards are a multitude of suburban cities which merge seamlessly into each other to form a continuous built up area, circumnavigated by the heavily travelled Route 16 which forms
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#1733105106932276-576: The Greater Tokyo Area, and between 1,000 and 1,200 railway stations depending on one's definition of the area, most designed for heavy use, usually long enough to accommodate 10-car (200 metres (660 ft) long) trains. Stations are designed to accommodate hundreds of thousands of passengers at any given time, with miles of connecting tunnels linking vast department stores and corporate offices. Tokyo Station has underground connections that stretch well over 4 kilometres (2.5 mi), and Shinjuku Station has well over 200 exits. Greater Tokyo's Railway Network
299-506: The Greater Tokyo Area, each of which tries to incorporate different aspects. Some definitions are clearly defined by law or government regulation, some are based coarsely on administrative areas, while others are for research purposes such as commuting patterns or distance from Central Tokyo . Each definition has a different population figure, granularity, methodology, and spatial association. Notes and sources: All figures issued by Japan Statistics Bureau, except for Metro Employment Area,
322-519: The Kantō region plus Yamanashi Prefecture. While this includes all of Greater Tokyo, it also includes sparsely populated mountain areas as well as the far-flung Bonin Islands which are administered under Tokyo. Using the "One Metropolis Three Prefectures" definition, Tokyo is 13,555.65 square kilometres (5,233.87 sq mi), a similar size to that of Los Angeles County , and almost two-thirds smaller than
345-469: The United States, plus another three in the territory of Puerto Rico. The following table lists the 181 combined statistical areas (CSAs) of the United States with the following information: Metropolitan statistical areas that are not also combined with other MSAs or CBSAs are not listed below. The following sortable table lists the three combined statistical areas (CSAs) of Puerto Rico with
368-565: The Yamanote line. The Shuto Expressway system connects to other national expressways in the capital region. Tokyo and Yokohama are major commercial seaports, and both the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force and United States Navy maintain naval bases at Yokosuka . Combined statistical area Population Combined statistical area ( CSA ) is a United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) term for
391-1181: The coast of Sagami Bay , and to the west the area is mountainous. Many rivers run through the area, the major ones being Arakawa and Tama River . Tokyo metropolitan area is the second largest metropolitan economy in the world only behind New York . Sources: Conversion rates – Exchange rates – OECD Data The Greater Tokyo Area has two major airports, Tokyo International Airport , commonly known as Haneda Airport (once chiefly domestic, now turning international) and Narita International Airport (chiefly international as well). Minor facilities include Chōfu and Ibaraki Airport . Tokyo Heliport serves helicopter traffic, including police, fire, and news. Japan Civil Aviation Bureau handles air traffic in large part but various military facilities handle air traffic in part: Hyakuri Air Base ( Japan Air Self-Defense Force ), Utsunomiya Air Field ( Japan Ground Self-Defense Force ), and Yokota Air Base ( United States Air Force ). Greater Tokyo has an extensive railway network comprising high-speed rail , commuter rails , subways , monorails , private lines , trams and others. There are around 136 individual rail lines in
414-689: The legal status of cities, with individual mayors and city councils, and they call themselves "cities" in English. However, when listing Japan's largest cities , Tokyo's twenty three wards are often counted as a single city. Western Tokyo , known as the Tama Area ( Tama-chiiki 多摩地域) comprises a number of municipalities, including these suburban cities: The core cities of the Greater Tokyo Area outside Tokyo Metropolis are: The other cities in Chiba, Kanagawa and Saitama Prefectures are: source: stat.go.jp census 2005 In
437-521: The major metropolitan area (MMA) definition used by the Japanese Statistics Bureau, the following cities in Ibaraki , Tochigi , Gunma , Yamanashi , and Shizuoka Prefectures are included: Tighter definitions for Greater Tokyo do not include adjacent metropolitan areas of Numazu - Mishima (approx. 450,000) to the southwest, Maebashi - Takasaki - Ōta - Ashikaga (approx. 1,500,000 people) on
460-462: The northwest, and Greater Utsunomiya [ ja ] (approx. 1,000,000) to the north. If they are included, Greater Tokyo's population would be around 39 million. Takasaki-Maebashi is included as part of the Tokyo-Yokohama area in the definition of urban areas by Demographia. At the centre of the main urban area (approximately the first 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Tokyo Station ) are
483-501: The prefectures of Chiba , Gunma , Ibaraki , Kanagawa , Saitama , and Tochigi ) as well as the prefecture of Yamanashi of the neighboring Chūbu region . In Japanese , it is referred to by various terms, one of the most common being Capital Region ( 首都圏 , Shuto-ken ) . As of 2016, the United Nations estimates the total population at 38,140,000. It covers an area of approximately 13,500 km (5,200 mi ), giving it
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#1733105106932506-611: The region with a network of rail lines. The most important carriers include Keihin Kyūkō Electric Railway ( Keikyū ), Keisei Electric Railway , Keiō Electric Railway , Odakyū Electric Railway , Seibu Railway , Tōbu Railway , and Tōkyū Corporation . In addition to Tokyo's two subway systems — Tokyo Metro and Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation ( Toei and Toden lines), Yokohama also has two subway lines . The Tokyo Monorail provides an important shuttle service between Haneda Airport and Hammatsucho station on
529-492: Was opened on 24 August 2005. As of 2019, the company is owned by the following local governments and municipalities. This article about a Japanese railway corporation or company-related topic is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Greater Tokyo Area The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world, consisting of the Kantō region of Japan (including Tokyo Metropolis and
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