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32-500: It is best known as the historical river of Lembah Bujang . This Kedah location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Malaysia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lembah Bujang The Bujang Valley ( Malay : Lembah Bujang ) is a sprawling historical complex and has an area of approximately 224 square kilometres (86 sq mi), with

64-516: A combined meaning of "bachelor scholars" who pursued spiritual studies instead of wordly ties. For the past two decades, students from universities around Malaysia have been invited for research and have done their graduate works at the Valley. Much of the historical links is still vague considering not many of the scriptures and writings survive. Even the temples did not survive the onslaught of age because their wooden roofing has rotted and withered over

96-604: A cresent and a fourteen-pointed federal star Or, the sinister Vert a tiger holding a torch and a kris proper and the base Or a Bunga Raya or hibiscus flower also proper. The crest featured a scroll inscribed with the words 'Zidni Ilman', which means increase me in knowledge, a reference to the word in Surah 20 Taha, Verse 114 of the Quran . In 2010, the University's corporate logo was created by its Centre for Corporate Communications, featuring

128-738: A temporary campus housing three main faculties, the Faculties of Science, Arts and Islamic Studies. In October 1977, UKM moved to its present premises which form the main campus in Bangi . The campus has a size of 1,096 ha (2,710 acres). UKM has two health campuses, the Kuala Lumpur campus in Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, and the UKM Medical Centre in Cheras . The Kuala Lumpur campus consists of

160-501: Is a public research university located in Bandar Baru Bangi , Hulu Langat District , Selangor , Malaysia . Its teaching hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), is located in Cheras and also has a branch campus in Kuala Lumpur . There are 170,500 undergraduate students enrolled, and 90,105 postgraduate students of which 40,368 are foreign students from 35 countries. Since its establishment in 1970,

192-694: Is located in Pengkalan Bujang, Merbok . The Bujang Valley Archaeological Museum is also located that known as Sungai Batu, excavations have revealed jetty remains, iron-smelting sites, and a clay brick monument dating back to 110 AD, making it the oldest man-made structure to be recorded in Southeast Asia. The local rulers adopted Hindu - Buddhist Indian cultural and political models earlier than those of Kutai in eastern Borneo , in southern Celebes or Tarumanegara in western Java , where remains showing Indian influence have been found dating from

224-602: The Times Higher Education (THE) Guide University Rankings was published in October 2014, it was reported that UKM, along with Universiti Malaya, opted not to submit data for consideration. The UKM Strategic Centre deputy executive director Associate, Professor Dr. Masturah Markom, responded by saying that the rankings were unfair to the Malaysian educational context. She specifically cited the measurement of "industry income" in

256-590: The Cherok To'kun Inscription which was engraved on a large boulder, other inscriptions discovered in Bujang Valley are comparatively small in size and probably were brought in by Buddhist pilgrimage or traders. UNESCO made a report in 1987 endorsing the site. In 2014, some ruins of candi (temples) in Bujang were destroyed by an urban developer, causing an international outcry against attacks on cultural heritage. In 2017,

288-552: The 5th century, i. e. an Amaravati Buddha statue found in southern Sulawesi and a Sanskrit inscription found east of Jakarta. Three inscriptions found in Palembang (South Sumatra) and on Bangka Island , written in a form of Malay and in an alphabet derived from the Pallava script, are proof that these "Indonesians" had definitely adopted Indian models while maintaining their indigenous language and social system. These inscriptions reveal

320-461: The Bujang Valley was Nik Hassan Shuhaimi Nik Abdul Rahman who wrote and publish countless books and articles on this topic. He introduced a periodisation of the history of Bujang Valley as well as a theory which explains about the process of indigenisation of the Indian Culture which formed the socio-economic make up of the polity. Other earlier local archaeologist who significantly contributed to

352-723: The Faculties of Health Sciences, Pharmacy, Dentistry and the Pre-Clinical Departments of the Medical Faculty. With a size of 20 ha (49 acres), the Kuala Lumpur campus was established in 1974. The campus in Cheras consists of the Medical Faculty, the UKM Teaching Hospital ( Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz UKM (HCTM) ) and the UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI) . The Cheras campus

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384-740: The Herbarium. UKM was awarded the status of a Malaysian Research University in October 2006 by the Ministry of Higher Education, a move designed to try to propel the universities into leading research universities in line with the Higher Education Strategic Plan 2007–2020. In 2006, UKM won the Prime Minister's Quality Award. The current coat of arms of the UKM was first designed by university staffer Mohd Aris Atan and has been in use since 1972. It

416-750: The Malay language was used as the university's medium of instruction. A Sponsoring Committee chaired by Syed Nasir Ismail , a Malay intellectual, was set up to prepare a report recommending the establishment of UKM. Other prominent members of this committee include Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (Tun) , Malaysia's fourth Prime Minister, who was then the Education Minister, and Dr. Mohd Rashdan Haji Baba, who later became UKM's first Vice-Chancellor. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia opened its doors on 18 May 1970 to 192 undergraduate students in Jalan Pantai Baru, Kuala Lumpur ,

448-480: The antiquity department at Muzium Negara has eyewitness accounts of magnificent objects such as a 10-feet-tall Raja Bersiung Throne and various idols and items from the Valley. In 2013, it was reported that, a 1,200-year-old Hindu Temple at the site, identified as Candi No. 11, had been demolished by a land developer. Candi 11 was one of the most ancient of the Old Kedah kingdom and was amongst 17 registered candi. In

480-452: The coat of arms accompanied by the names of the university in Malay and English. The Malay name (UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA) is big and presented in upper case, with the letters U, K and M bigger than the rest. The English name ( The National University of Malaysia ) is small, italicised and presented in sentence case. The National University of Malaysia is currently one of the three public universities in Malaysia to adopt its coat of arms,

512-506: The compasses and gear represent technology, the tiger represents strength and courage and the book represents knowledge. It is blazoned : The first coat of arms of the university designed by the First Dean of the Faculty of Arts, Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas , was different from the present one. It was blazoned as: Tierced per pall reversed, the dexter Gules on a bend Azure fimbriated Argent

544-503: The discoveries reported by Col. Low and has recently been subjected to a fairly exhaustive investigation by Dr. Quaritch Wales . An inscribed stone bar, rectangular in shape, bears the ye-dharma hetu formula in Pallava script of the 7th century, thus proclaiming the Buddhist character of the shrine near the find-spot (site I) of which only the basement survives. It is inscribed on three faces in 6th century, possibly earlier. Except for

576-606: The discovery of a set of new iron smelting sites, Sungai Batu site enlarging the settlement area to 1,000 square kilometres (390 sq mi). Bujang Valley situated near Merbok , Kedah , between 1,217-metre Mount Jerai in the north and Muda River in the south. It is the richest archaeological area in Malaysia . The area consists of ruins that may date more than 1,500 years old. More than 50 ancient pagoda temples, called candi (pronounced as "chandi"), have also been unearthed. The most impressive and well-preserved of these

608-484: The early 5th century. Relics found in the Bujang Valley are now on display at the archaeological museum. Items include inscribed stone caskets and tablets, metal tools and ornaments, ceramics, pottery, and Hindu icons. The archaeological remains suggest a Buddhist polity once existed in the area. In Sanskrit the term bhujangga means "scholar", thus the name itself is roughly translated into "Scholars' Valley". The Malaysian word bujang means "bachelor" and suggests

640-561: The existence of a Dapunta Hyang (lord) of Srivijaya who led an expedition against his enemies and who curses those who will not obey his law. Being on the maritime route between China and South India , the Malay peninsula was involved in this trade The Bujang Valley, being strategically located at the northwest entrance of the Strait of Malacca as well as facing the Bay of Bengal , was continuously frequented by Chinese and south Indian traders. Such

672-530: The face of public criticism, the Kedah State Government sought to deflect blame by claiming that it was powerless to do anything because the land was privately owned and further, that the site had not been gazetted as a historical site. After the controversy, the Tourism and Heritage Ministry has agreed to consider gazetting the Bujang Valley as heritage site. Before the 1970s, the research in Bujang Valley

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704-551: The government of Malaysia announced that more research on the site is still needed, thus excluding it from the Malaysian tentative list. The government also said that Bujang's Merbok Museum and Pengkalan Bujang held historical significance to the site. The Bujang Valley is currently in the process of being nominated by Malaysia into the UNESCO World Heritage List since 2013. In 2017, the government announced that they will make more research and conservation efforts in

736-532: The other two are the University of Malaya (UM) and University of Science Malaysia (USM) . The following is a list of vice-chancellors of the National University of Malaysia. As of November 2024, there are a total of 12 faculties, 2 schools and 12 research institutes in UKM offering various undergraduate and postgraduate programmes. Majority of them are located in the main UKM campus in Bangi . When

768-520: The past 1,200 years. The museum itself is inadequate and not organised, much of the findings are elsewhere scattered from Museum Negara to Singapore (which once formed a part of Malaysia). Folk stories and oral history also provide place for a magnificent kingdom of jewels and gold. Outside peninsular and insular Southeast Asia, oral history in India suggests the presence of golden chariots and jewels in hidden caves at Bujang Valley and Mount Jerai. Some visitors to

800-564: The research of Bujang Valley include from Leong Sau Heng, Mohd Supian Sabtu, Kamarudin Zakaria, and Zulkifli Jaafar. After 2008, The Centre for Global Archaeological Research (CGAR) from University Sains Malaysia , led by Mohd Mokhtar Saidin explored a new archaeological complex which reveals dozens of new sites, said to be dated from the 2nd century CE. Claudius Ptolemaeus (Greek: Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος; c. 90 – c. 168), known in English as Ptolemy,

832-526: The southern part of the Indochinese peninsula and the western part of the Indonesian archipelago. These coastal cities had a continuous trade as well as tributary relation with China from very early period, at the same time being in constant contact with Indian traders. The rulers of the western part of Indonesia adopted Indian cultural and political models e.g. proof of such Indian influence on Indonesian art in

864-639: The valley to preserve its outstanding universal value. The site's inclusion to the world heritage list is backed by diplomats from India, Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Singapore, the Philippines, Timor-Leste, Bangladesh, Japan, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, Laos, Brunei, Papua New Guinea, Maldives, and Sri Lanka. 5°44′16″N 100°24′50″E  /  5.73778°N 100.414°E  / 5.73778; 100.414 National University of Malaysia The National University of Malaysia ( Malay : Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , abbreviated as UKM )

896-400: Was a Greek geographer, astronomer, and astrologer who had written about Golden Chersonese , which indicates trade with India and China has existed since the 1st century AD. As early as the 1st century AD, Southeast Asia was the place of a network of coastal city-states, the centre of which was the ancient Khmer Funan kingdom in the south of what is now Vietnam. This network encompassed

928-416: Was done by western archaeologists, the most prominent ones include H.G. Quaritch Wales, Dorothy Wales, and Alastair Lamb. After the 1970s, local archaeologists were trained to continue the research, excavations and reconstructions of sites were done by National University of Malaysia and University of Malaya in collaboration with National Museum . The most prominent local archaeologist who did research in

960-465: Was modified to its present form by publications officer Zulkifli Ibrahim, which was launched on 29 July 2000 in conjunction with the university's 30th anniversary, with stripes added to the tiger's body. The arms is depicted as a quartered shield featuring an atomic symbol, a compass , a gear, a Malayan tiger and the national flower, Bunga Raya, or hibiscus rosa-sinensis , with an overlaid book placed on top of it. The atomic symbol represents science,

992-600: Was opened in 1997. Besides these campuses, UKM operates seven research stations (RS): The Tasik Chini RS, The Marine Ecosystem RS, The Langkawi Geopark RS, The Marine RS, The Fraser's Hill RS, The Plant Biotechnology RS and in the main campus itself, the UKM Campus Living Laboratory, which comprises the UKM Permanent Forest Reserve, or its Malay name, Hutan Simpan Kekal UKM as well as the Fernarium and

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1024-407: Was proven by the discovery of trade ceramics, sculptures, inscriptions and monuments dated from the 5th to 14th century CE. The Bujang Valley was continuously administered by different thalassocratical powers including Funan , Srivijaya and Majapahit before the trade declined. In Kedah there are remains showing Buddhist and Hindu influences which has been known for about a century now from

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