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48-580: The Gallery is a memorial to James George Averell, a grandson of Hiram Sibley . After Averell died at age 26, his mother, Emily Sibley Watson , spent several years seeking a way to publicly commemorate him. Meanwhile, Rush Rhees , president of the University of Rochester , had been looking for benefactors to help him add to the University's campus, then located on Prince Street in the City of Rochester. Rhees included

96-489: A humid continental climate ( Dfb ). Winters can be harsh, with temperatures dropping to 0 °F (−18 °C) or colder nine times per year. Summers are warm and pleasant, with temperatures at or above 90 °F (32 °C) four times per year. The record high is 96 °F (36 °C), recorded on July 8, 1988, and the record low is −20 °F (−29 °C), recorded on January 24, 2011 and February 6, 2015. On average, 153 days see measurable precipitation per year. As of

144-518: A wool carder in a shop where future president Millard Fillmore then worked. At age 21, he started a foundry and machine shop in Mendon, New York . Ten years later, the business was successful enough for him to sell and afford to move to Rochester, where he was elected Sheriff of Monroe County from 1844 to 1846. He became interested in the work of Samuel Morse involving the telegraph . In 1851, Sibley along with Ezra Cornell and others organized

192-735: A 40-year career as the museum's director. Another daughter, Isabel C. Herdle, served in various curatorial roles beginning in 1932 after schooling at the University of Rochester, with graduate work at Radcliffe College and Paul Sachs' museum studies course at the Fogg , the Courtauld Institute of Art , and the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. Before joining her sister at the Memorial Art Gallery, Isabel Herdle worked for one year at

240-648: A city in 1895. The city is named in honor of Samuel Adams , a leader in the American Revolution , signer of the Declaration of Independence , and governor of Massachusetts . For much of its history, North Adams was a mill town . Manufacturing began in the city before the Revolutionary War , largely because the confluence of the Hoosic River's two branches provided water power for small-scale industry. By

288-501: A community of 18,000. From the post-war years to the mid-1980s, Sprague produced electrical components for the booming consumer electronics market, but competition from abroad led to declining sales and, in 1985, the company closed operations on Marshall Street. Its closure devastated the local economy. Unemployment rates rose and population declined. After Sprague closed, business and political leaders in North Adams sought ways to re-use

336-673: A dedicated art gallery on a map of the campus as early as 1905. The Rochester Art Club, which was the focal point for art enthusiasts of the area and which had exhibited and taught at art venues of the time ( Reynolds Arcade , the Bevier Memorial Building , and the Powers Block) supported the creation of the gallery. Since its establishment in 1912, the Gallery has existed as a department of the University with an independent board overseeing its collections and programs. Rush Rhees assembled

384-554: A household in the city was $ 35,020, and the median income for a family was $ 90,000. The per capita income for the city was $ 19,857. About 9.0% of families and 22.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 11.0% of those age 20 or over. Due to North Adams being the location of MASS MoCA , there are numerous art galleries spread throughout the city, and a few of the old mills have been converted to lofts for artists to live and work in. A new, Frank Gehry -designed Extreme Model Railroad and Contemporary Architecture Museum

432-467: A telegraph line from Alaska to Russia through the Bering Strait , the so-called Russian American Telegraph . However, this dream collapsed with the establishment of a cross- Atlantic line to Europe. Sibley was married to Elizabeth Maria Tinker (1815–1903), the daughter of Giles Tinker of Connecticut. Together, they were the parents of: After a five-day illness, Sibley died on July 12, 1888, and

480-688: Is currently represented in the United States Senate by senior Senator Elizabeth Warren and junior Senator Ed Markey . North Adams operates its own public school system, with three elementary schools (Brayton Elementary School, Greylock Elementary School and Colegrove Park Elementary School) and Drury High School , which also serves several neighboring towns. The city is also home to Charles H. McCann Technical High School , as well as several private and parochial schools. Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts (MCLA) enrolls about 1,980 students. Founded in 1894 as North Adams Normal School, in 1932,

528-524: Is home to Harriman-and-West Airport , a small regional airport. The nearest airport with national service is Albany International Airport . The freight rail line which passes through the city extends through the Hoosac Tunnel towards the east. The nearest passenger rail service to North Adams is the recently re-routed Amtrak Vermonter in Greenfield, Massachusetts , an hour to the east. Pittsfield , to

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576-703: Is located in the Eighth Massachusetts Governor's Council district and is represented by city resident Tara Jacobs. The city is patrolled by the Fourth (Cheshire) Station of Barracks "B" of the Massachusetts State Police . On the national level, North Adams is represented in the United States House of Representatives as part of Massachusetts's 1st congressional district , and is represented by Richard Neal of Springfield . Massachusetts

624-712: Is proposed to be built in North Adams. The city is home to the North Adams SteepleCats of the New England Collegiate Baseball League (NECBL). The SteepleCats play at Joe Wolfe Field in North Adams. The SteepleCats hold the NECBL record for highest single-game attendance. The record was made on July 4 , 2006, in a game against the Holyoke Giants in front of 6,714 fans. Holyoke won the game 3–2. North Adams' first professional sports franchise

672-757: The Hiram Sibley Homestead , located in Mendon was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. The surrounding area of the homestead is known as the hamlet of Sibleyville, named in Sibley's honor. His home in Rochester is a part of the East Avenue Historic District . The Hiram Sibley Building was built in 1925 at the corner of East Avenue and Alexander Street in Rochester, New York. It

720-525: The Mohawk Trail , which ascends to the West Summit along a steep, curving road. While the trail ends here, Massachusetts Route 2 , which the trail is coextensive with, continues westward into Williamstown and towards New York . Route 8 also passes through the city, passing from Adams through the city and northward into Clarksburg. Route 8A , also known as 8A-U (for "upper"), runs parallel to Route 8 east of

768-662: The United States Census Bureau , North Adams has a total area of 20.6 square miles (53.4 km ), of which 20.3 square miles (52.7 km ) is land and 0.27 square miles (0.7 km ), or 1.31%, is water. North Adams is bordered by Clarksburg to the north, Florida to the east, Adams to the south, and Williamstown to the west. North Adams is located in the valley created by the Hoosic River , which has been walled and floored with concrete in portions to prevent floods. The city's Natural Bridge State Park contains

816-582: The census of 2010, there were 13,708 people, 5,652 households, and 3,156 families residing in the city. The city, which is the smallest in Massachusetts, ranks second (after Pittsfield) out of 32 cities and towns in Berkshire County by population. The population density was 665.4 inhabitants per square mile (256.9/km ), ranking it 2nd in the county. There were 6,523 housing units at an average density of 316.7 per square mile (122.3/km ). The racial makeup of

864-632: The de Young museum. Today, the Gallery is supported primarily by its membership, the University of Rochester, and public funds from Monroe County and the New York State Council on the Arts . The Gallery's permanent collection comprises over 13,000 works of art, including works by Monet, Cézanne, Matisse, Homer and Cassatt. Contemporary masters in the collection include Wendell Castle , Albert Paley and Helen Frankenthaler . Works include: Besides hosting exhibitions, classes, and educational programs,

912-481: The Gallery puts on such major events as the biennial Rochester-Finger Lakes Exhibition and the annual Clothesline Festival. [REDACTED] Media related to Memorial Art Gallery at Wikimedia Commons Hiram Sibley Hiram W. Sibley (February 6, 1807 – July 12, 1888), was an American industrialist , entrepreneur , and philanthropist who was a pioneer of the telegraph in the United States. Sibley

960-638: The Hoosac River's water power. The 1850 census marked the official shift of the town from agriculture to industry, since more factory workers than farmers now resided in the town. In 1870 the use of Chinese strikebreakers from California to break the North Adams strike at the Sampson Shoe Factory (today part of the Mass MoCA complex) was an important step in the movement of Chinese from the west coast to

1008-661: The New York and Mississippi Valley Printing Telegraph Company in Rochester. Sibley later served as first president of Western Union Telegraph Company . In 1861, Jeptha Wade , founder of Western Union, joined forces with Benjamin Franklin Ficklin and Hiram Sibley to form the Pacific Telegraph Company . With it, the final link between the eastern and western coasts of the United States was made by telegraph. In conjunction with Perry Collins , Sibley later hoped to build

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1056-659: The Normal School became the State Teachers College of North Adams. In 1960, the college changed its name to North Adams State College and added professional degrees in Business Administration and Education. In 1997, the name changed to Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, reflective of specialty school status within the Massachusetts State College system. North Adams is the western terminus of

1104-658: The Sibley College of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanic Arts, as well as the building which housed it, Sibley Hall, at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York . The program is now known as the Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, and is located in parts of Upson, Grumman and Rhodes Halls. Sibley Hall is now a part of the Cornell University College of Architecture, Art, and Planning . Sibley's home,

1152-437: The U.S. government during World War II to design and manufacture crucial components of advanced weapons systems, including the atomic bomb . With state-of-the-art equipment, Sprague was a major research and development center, conducting studies on electricity and semi-conducting materials. After the war, its products were used in the launch systems for NASA's Gemini missions, and by 1966 Sprague employed 4,137 workers in

1200-620: The United States, the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art , North Adams has in recent years become a center for tourism, culture and recreation. North Adams was first settled in 1745 during King George's War , when the most western of a line of defensive forts was built along the bank of the Hoosic River , and occupied by Massachusetts militiamen and their families. During the war, Canadian and Native American forces laid siege to Fort Massachusetts 30 prisoners were taken to Quebec ; half died in captivity. In 1747 Fort Massachusetts

1248-561: The city was 93.0% White , 1.8% African American , 0.4% Native American , 1.1% Asian , 0.2% Pacific Islander , 0.8% from other races , and 2.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population. There were 5,652 households, out of which 23.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.4% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.2% were non-families. 39.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.0% had someone living alone who

1296-511: The city, including the Noel Field Athletic Complex, just south of the downtown, and the recently constructed Alcombright Athletic Complex, in the city's west end. North Adams is governed by the mayor-council form of government ( list of mayors of North Adams, Massachusetts ). The city has its own services, including police, fire and public works. The city's public library is the largest in northern Berkshire County and has access to

1344-550: The east coast, resulting in east coast Chinatowns in the United States . On a national scale, the North Adams strike became known as the primary trigger to the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act by the U.S. Congress in 1882. North Adams was also the headquarters for building the Hoosac Tunnel starting in 1851 and completed in 1874, adding an east–west connection to Boston and Albany to the existing 1842 rail connection to New York. Prior to that time, inter-regional travel

1392-573: The fort as a memorial site. It was dedicated in 1933 and operated as a historical tourist site until the 1960s. The 1933 Fort's replica chimney is located at the rear of the Central Markets Supermarket that opened at the site in 1960 and closed in 2016 as a Price Chopper Supermarket. The historic site was conveyed to the City of North Adams by the Golub family in 2017. The town was incorporated separately from Adams in 1878, and reincorporated as

1440-469: The gallery to start its permanent collection. Significant early gifts acquired from exhibitions included: Willard Metcalf 's [Golden Carnival] , Joaquín Sorolla 's [Oxen on the Beach] and Paul Dougherty 's [Coast of Cornwall, near St. Ives] . George Herdle organized an ambitious exhibition schedule with multiple exhibitions changing monthly. Significant early exhibitions included the 1914 exhibition at which

1488-636: The initial board of managers, including the Art Club's president, George L. Herdle, in November 1912 and by the eighth of the following October, presided over the Gallery's opening. The inaugural exhibition, curated by George Herdle, consisted of contemporary American paintings, many of which were for sale, on loan from the artists or their dealers. Since the Gallery had no endowment for acquisitions in its first decades, exhibitions were an opportunity for donors to acquire works and then immediately gift their purchases to

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1536-646: The largest employer in North Adams, with some 3,200 workers by 1905. Despite decades of success, falling cloth prices and the lingering effects of the Great Depression forced the company to close its Marshall Street operation in 1942 and consolidate at smaller facilities in Adams. Later that year, the Sprague Electric Company bought the former print works site. Sprague physicists , chemists , electrical engineers , and skilled technicians were called upon by

1584-626: The late 1700s and early 1800s, businesses included wholesale shoe manufacturers ; a brick yard ; a saw mill ; cabinet-makers ; hat manufacturers; machine shops for the construction of mill machines; marble works; wagon and sleigh-makers; and an ironworks , which provided the pig iron for armor plates on the Civil War ship, the Monitor . Expansion westwards started with the creation of three mill villages, Blackinton in 1821, Greylock in 1846 and Braytonville in 1832, located to take advantage of

1632-605: The main route, and is located entirely within city limits. The nearest interstate highway is Interstate 91 to the east, almost an hour away. North Adams appears on that highway's signs at Exit 26, located in Greenfield . The city is the northern terminus of several lines of the Berkshire Regional Transit Authority (BRTA) and also has regional service. Intercity bus service is provided in nearby Williamstown by Peter Pan Lines with connections to New York City , as well as towns and cities between. North Adams

1680-527: The only natural white marble bridge in North America. Formed by glacial melt by 11,000 BCE , the arch and abandoned quarry have long attracted attention from hikers, including Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1838, who wrote of it (among other local features) in his An American Notebook . To the east, the city is bordered by the western face of the Hoosac Range , with visibility on its West Summit extending throughout

1728-701: The original Kodachrome two-color process was introduced, and in 1919 a controversial solo exhibition by George Bellows . Annual exhibitions of the Rochester Art Club were also held at the Gallery. In the early years, these changing exhibitions were supplemented by summer loan exhibitions from the private collections of George Eastman , the Sibleys, the Watsons, and other prominent Rochester families. With Herdle's untimely death in 1922, his daughter and University of Rochester graduate, Gertrude L. Herdle began what would become

1776-464: The proposed institution, which would serve as a platform for presenting contemporary art and developing links to the region's other cultural institutions, began in earnest. The Massachusetts legislature announced its support for the project in 1988. Subsequent economic upheaval threatened the project, but broad-based support from the community and the private sector, which pledged more than $ 8 million, ensured that it moved forward. The eventual proposal used

1824-771: The regional library networks. On the state level, North Adams is represented in the Massachusetts House of Representatives by the First Berkshire district, which covers northern Berkshire County, and is represented by former mayor John Barrett III of North Adams (elected in a special election in November, 2017). In the Massachusetts Senate , the city is represented by Sen. Paul Mark (the Berkshire, Hampshire and Franklin district, which includes all of Berkshire County and western Hampshire and Franklin counties). North Adams

1872-621: The scale and versatility of the industrial spaces to link the facility's past and its new life as the country's largest center for contemporary visual and performing arts. Since it opened, the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art (MASS MoCA) has been part of a larger economic transformation in the region based on cultural, recreational, and educational offerings. North Adams has become home for several new restaurants, contemporary art galleries, and cultural organizations. In addition, once-shuttered area factories and mills have been rehabilitated as lofts for artists to live and work in. According to

1920-421: The tri-state area. To the southwest, the city has the northern end of Mount Greylock State Reservation , ending at Mount Williams , which at 2,951 feet (899 m) above sea level is the highest point in the city. The Appalachian Trail passes through the western part of the city, crossing the summit of Mount Williams and briefly passing through Williamstown before heading north towards Vermont. North Adams has

1968-542: The vast complex. Williams College Museum of Art director Thomas Krens , who would later become Director of the Guggenheim , was looking for space to exhibit large works of contemporary art that would not fit in conventional museum galleries. When mayor John Barrett III (serving 1984–2009) suggested the vast Marshall Street complex as a possible exhibition site, the idea of creating a contemporary arts center in North Adams began to take shape. The campaign to build support for

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2016-452: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.98. In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.74% under the age of 18, 16.9% from 18 to 24, 21.4% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.75 males. The median income for

2064-489: Was born in North Adams, Massachusetts , on February 6, 1807, and later resided in Rochester, New York . He was the second son of Benjamin Sibley (1768–1829) and Zilpha ( née Davis) Sibley (1771–1824). Too poor to receive more than a country education, Sibley started training as a shoemaker's apprentice, but, unhappy with the career, went to Lima, New York , at age 17 to work in a cotton factory. The following year he became

2112-558: Was interred at Mount Hope Cemetery in Rochester. At his death, his wealth was estimated between $ 8,000,000 and $ 10,000,000. In 1874 Sibley funded a library for the University of Rochester . Completed in 1877, it was the second building of the Prince Street campus, and later became part of the Eastman School of Music . The original Sibley Library building was sold in 1956 and torn down in 1968. In 1876 Sibley founded and endowed

2160-452: Was limited to weekly stagecoaches from Albany and Greenfield. Downtown in 1860, Oliver Arnold and Company was established with the latest equipment for printing cloth. Large government contracts to supply fabric for the Union Army helped the business prosper. During the next four decades, Arnold Print Works became one of the world's leading manufacturers of printed textiles . It also became

2208-539: Was named in his honor by his son Hiram Watson Sibley, and designed by Shepley, Bulfinch and Abbott of Boston. North Adams, Massachusetts North Adams is a city in Berkshire County, Massachusetts , United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area . Its population was 12,961 as of the 2020 census . Best known as the home of the largest contemporary art museum in

2256-480: Was rebuilt with improved defenses, but was never attacked again. In a period of peace following the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle , many of the soldiers who had been garrisoned at the fort turned to farming instead by opting to each take a 190-acre package of nearby land in lieu of back-pay in the nearby township of West Hoosac (now known as Williamstown ). The North Adams Women's Club began raising funds in 1895 to reconstruct

2304-559: Was the Berkshire Battalion , an expansion team of the Federal Hockey League , which played a single season in 2014–2015. Troubled by an embezzlement charge against its coach and general manager, who had also been manager of the municipal skating ring, and fractious lease negotiations with the city, the team relocated after its single season to Dayton, Ohio . There are many athletic complexes and recreational fields throughout

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