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22-535: Nagoya Railroad Co., Ltd. ( 名古屋鉄道株式会社 , Nagoya Tetsudō Kabushiki Gaisha ) , often abbreviated to as Meitetsu ( 名鉄 ) , is a private railway company operating around Aichi Prefecture and Gifu Prefecture of Japan . TYO : 9048 Some of the more famous trains operated by Meitetsu include the Panorama Car and the Panorama Car Super , both of which offer views through their wide front windows. While

44-523: A public transit railway owned and operated by private sector, almost always organized as a joint-stock company , or in Japanese: kabushiki gaisha (lit. stock company), but may be any type of private business entity. Although the Japan Railways Group (JR Group) companies are also kabushiki gaishas, they are not classified as private railways because of their unique status as the primary successors of

66-770: A large proportion of intercity rail service (including the Shinkansen high-speed rail lines) and commuter rail service. JR Hokkaido , JR Shikoku , and JR Freight ( JRF ) are governed by the Act for the Passenger Railway Companies and Japan Freight Railway Company  [ ja ] , also known as the JR Companies Act , and are under the control of the public Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency (JRTT), while JR East , JR Central , JR West , and JR Kyushu are completely floated in

88-461: A nationwide freight operator. Unlike some other groups of companies, the JR Group is made up of independent companies, and it does not have group headquarters or a holding company to set the overall business policy. The six passenger railways of the JR Group are separated by region. Nearly all their services are within the prescribed geographic area. However, some long-distance operations extend beyond

110-619: A regular basis. Nippon Sharyo has produced nearly every car that Meitetsu operates or has operated, a notable exception being its Class EL120 , an electric locomotive, which was produced by Toshiba , but very few units were produced for Meitetsu. The Class EL120 is one of the few locomotives that Meitetsu possesses. The following are the train types that Meitetsu operates today, as well as selected types that Meitetsu has retired. As Meitetsu formed out of multiple mergers, it owned many deficit lines previously owned by other companies. The railway lines were also seeing competition from cars, due to

132-511: A strike is severely limited by government legislation; there is very little tolerance for railway work stoppage. Employees of private railways may legally strike but its unheard of in Japan. There have only been two notable railroad strikes in Japanese history, both by employees of government run entities (government employees are legally barred from striking): One in 1973, and a major strike protesting

154-694: A variety of other businesses that depend on the traffic generated through their transit systems: hotels, department stores, supermarkets, resorts, and real estate development and leasing. Japanese railways, whether government run, semi-public, or private business, are subject to the regulations enforced by the Railway Bureau  [ ja ] of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism . They may join unions such as National Railway Workers' Union and General Federation of Private Railway and Bus Workers' Unions of Japan , but their abilities to call

176-481: Is famous for its red trains, including its famous 7000 series "Panorama Car" which was retired in 2009 after a career lasting nearly half a century. The most recent cars, however, are not solid red but rather brushed steel as in the case of the 4000 series and 5000 series , or white as in the case of the 1700 series and 2000 series . While the company used to engage in the freight business and still possesses some freight locomotives, it no longer carries freight on

198-659: The JR Group ( JRグループ , Jeiāru Gurūpu ) or simply JR , is a group of railway companies in Japan that underwent division and privatization of the government-owned Japanese National Railways (JNR) on April 1, 1987. It consists of six passenger railway companies, one freight railway company, and two non-service companies. Most of the liability of the JNR was assumed by the JNR Settlement Corporation . The JR Group operates

220-804: The Japanese National Railways (JNR). Voluntary sector railways (semi-public) are additionally not classified as shitetsu due to their origins as rural, money-losing JNR lines that have since been transferred to local possession, in spite of their organizational structures being corporatized. Among private railways in Japan, the Japan Private Railway Association  [ ja ] categorizes 16 companies as "major" operators. They are often profitable and tend to be less expensive per passenger-kilometer than JR trains that also run less dense regional routes. Private railways corporations in Japan also run and generate profits from

242-694: The Panorama Super train is used extensively for the railroad's limited express service, the older and more energy-consuming Panorama Car train has been retired, the last run being on 27 December 2008. In the Tōkai region around Nagoya , it is a central firm of the Meitetsu Group , which is involved in transport , retail trade , service industry , and real estate , among other industries. As of March 2023, Meitetsu operated 444.2 kilometres (276.0 mi) of track, 275 stations, and 1,076 train cars, being one of

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264-688: The Railway Technical Research Institute and Railway Information Systems Co., Ltd. To cover various non-railway business areas, each regional operator in the JR Group has its own group of subsidiary companies with names like "JR East Group" and "JR Shikoku Group". Owned by JRTT Owned by JRTT Owned by JRTT Owned by the 7 railway companies above JR maintains a nationwide railway network as well as common ticketing rules that it inherited from JNR. Passengers may travel across several JR companies without changing trains and without purchasing separate tickets. However, trains running across

286-603: The Tokyo Metropolitan Government (pending privatization). The Japan Private Railway Association counts Tokyo Metro as one of the 16 major private railways. In the United States , a private railroad is a railroad owned by a company and serves only that company, and does not hold itself out as a "common carrier" (i.e., it does not provide rail transport services for the general public). Japan Railways Group The Japan Railways Group , more commonly known as

308-458: The 1970s, passenger and freight business had declined, and fare increases had failed to keep up with higher labor costs. The JR Group companies were formed out of the privatization of the Japanese National Railways in 1987. In 1987, the government of Japan took steps to divide and privatize JNR. While division of operations began in April of that year, privatization was not immediate: initially,

330-409: The boundaries of JR companies have been reduced. JR maintains the same ticketing rules based on the JNR rules and has an integrated reservation system known as MARS (jointly developed with Hitachi ). Some types of tickets (passes), such as Japan Rail Pass and Seishun 18 Ticket , are issued as "valid for all JR lines" and accepted by all passenger JR companies. Various unions represent workers at

352-422: The boundaries. The Shirasagi train service between Nagoya and Kanazawa , for instance, uses JR West rolling stock but the segment of track between Nagoya and Maibara is owned by JR Central, whose crew manage the train on that section. Japan Freight Railway Company operates all freight service on the network previously owned by JNR. In addition, the group includes two non-operating companies. These are

374-462: The breakup (and layoffs of tens of thousands of employees) of JNR in 1985. Though private railways such as industrial railways have existed in Japan they are not deemed shitetsu nor mintetsu in Japanese, as their purpose is not public transit. Tokyo Metro is a member of Japan Private Railway Association but is under special laws and its stock is owned by the Japanese Government and

396-583: The fact that Aichi prefecture has a notable automobile industry in cities such as Toyota . Meitetsu has abolished over 15 lines over the past 70 years, while also closing sections with low ridership. Additionally, with the collapse of Bubble economy in the 1990s, and the privatization of JNR , formation of Central Japan Railway Company , the company also cut the number of companies in its corporate group from 250 to 139. Private railway In Japan , private sector railway ( 私鉄 or 民鉄 , Shitetsu or Mintetsu ) , commonly simply private railway , refers to

418-470: The government retained ownership of the companies. Privatization of some of the companies began in the early 1990s. By October 2016, all of the shares of JR East, JR Central, JR West and JR Kyushu had been offered to the market and they are now publicly traded. On the other hand, all of the shares of JR Hokkaido, JR Shikoku and JR Freight are still owned by Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency , an independent administrative institution of

440-682: The largest private railway companies in Japan. Meitetsu was founded on June 25, 1894, as the Aichi Horsecar Company. Over time, Meitetsu has acquired many small railway and interurban companies in the Nagoya area, many of whom were constructed and operated before and during World War II. For example, Meitetsu acquired its Kōwa Line on the Chita Peninsula from its merger with Chita Railroad on February 1, 1943, and it acquired its Mikawa Line from its merger with Mikawa Railroad . Meitetsu

462-736: The state. All the JR Group companies operating in the Honshū region are constituents of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indexes. [REDACTED]   [REDACTED] Hokkaido [REDACTED]   [REDACTED] East [REDACTED]   [REDACTED] Central [REDACTED]   [REDACTED] West [REDACTED]   [REDACTED] Shikoku [REDACTED]   [REDACTED] Kyushu The Japan Railways Group consists of seven operating companies and two other companies that do not provide rail service. The operating companies are organized into six passenger operators and

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484-441: The stock market ; in addition, JR East, JR Central and JR West are constituents of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices. Because the railways used to be owned by the government, Japanese people generally make a distinction between JR railways (including former JR lines that are now third sector ) and other private railways , and JR railways are almost always denoted differently from other private railways when shown on maps. By

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