45-533: Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited ( MDL ) ( IAST : Majhagānv Dawk Shipbuilders Limiṭeḍ ), formerly called Mazagon Dock Limited , is a company with shipyards situated in Mazagaon , Mumbai. It manufactures warships and submarines for the Indian Navy and offshore platforms and associated support vessels for offshore oil drilling . It also builds tankers , cargo bulk carriers , passenger ships and ferries. MDL
90-629: A dry dock for ships up to 26,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT). It has a building berth and two slipways for hull construction. It has a covered all-weather non-tidal wet basin for fitting-out medium and small ships and another fitting-out complex for ships with three berths alongside. In addition, it has two river jetties for berthing smaller vessels up to 60 metres (200 ft) in length. GRSE has engine assemble, test, repair and overhaul facilities in Ranchi, which acquires 62 acres of land. GRSE and Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port, Kolkata (SMPK) have inked
135-568: A macron ). Vocalic (syllabic) consonants, retroflexes and ṣ ( / ʂ ~ ɕ ~ʃ/ ) have an underdot . One letter has an overdot: ṅ ( /ŋ/ ). One has an acute accent : ś ( /ʃ/ ). One letter has a line below: ḻ ( / ɭ / ) (Vedic). Unlike ASCII -only romanisations such as ITRANS or Harvard-Kyoto , the diacritics used for IAST allow capitalisation of proper names. The capital variants of letters never occurring word-initially ( Ṇ Ṅ Ñ Ṝ Ḹ ) are useful only when writing in all-caps and in Pāṇini contexts for which
180-756: A Master Ship Repair Agreement (MSRA) with the US Government , represented by NAVSUP Fleet Logistics Center (FLC) Yokosuka , for United States Navy 's Military Sealift Command Fleet Support Ships. The ships operated by MSC are non-commissioned US Navy “support vessels” with civilian crews bearing the prefix “ USNS ”. Under the agreement, the US Naval ships of the Central Command that are in voyage are to be repaired in India. MDL builds offshore oil drilling platforms. It operates facilities at Alcock, Mumbai, and Nhava Yard for
225-502: A century of scholarly usage in books and journals on classical Indian studies. By contrast, the ISO 15919 standard for transliterating Indic scripts emerged in 2001 from the standards and library worlds. For the most part, ISO 15919 follows the IAST scheme, departing from it only in minor ways (e.g., ṃ/ṁ and ṛ/r̥)—see comparison below. The Indian National Library at Kolkata romanization , intended for
270-757: A complement of 70 personnel. The vessel will have diesel-electric propulsion and 3 deck cranes will be fitted on board to handle research equipment. The ARS will be able to deploy, tow, and retrieve a variety of equipment, including acoustic modules; conduct high-resolution surveys of sound velocity profiles in time and/or space; and gather data on ocean tides and currents for use in survey optimisation, underwater mooring design, and offshore deployments. Additionally, it will be able to launch, moor, and maintain independent sonobuoys as well as gather data from them. The ship will be able to conduct acoustic system experiments at various speed regimes while remaining silent due to its broad speed range. The ARS will also be equipped with
315-467: A dynamic positioning mechanism that will enable it to hold its place until Sea State 4 . As of March 2024, GRSE has designed and built 108 warships and patrol vessels for the Indian Navy and the Coast Guard for the last 63 years. Vessels built at GRSE include guided-missile frigates , corvettes , fleet tankers , fast patrol vessels , amphibious warfare vessels and hovercraft . GRSE has built
360-433: A font, etc. It can be enabled in the input menu in the menu bar under System Preferences → International → Input Menu (or System Preferences → Language and Text → Input Sources) or can be viewed under Edit → Emoji & Symbols in many programs. Equivalent tools – such as gucharmap ( GNOME ) or kcharselect ( KDE ) – exist on most Linux desktop environments. Users of SCIM on Linux based platforms can also have
405-438: A long-term concession agreement for GRSE to operate 3 dry docks. Here, GRSE undertakes multiple dry dock repairs of ships up to 160 m length, 20 m beam, and 7 m draught . These docks are situated inside a wet basin, which allows for docking and undocking operations independent of river tidal requirements. The wet basin also has multiple berthing facilities for afloat maintenance and refit operations. On 1 July 2006, GRSE acquired
450-466: A maximum speed of 22 knots (41 km/h) with an approximate displacement of 1,350 tonnes. GRSE has been short-listed for a patrol boat project for Vietnam worth ₹ 600 crore (US$ 72 million) and is also bidding for an order of two frigates for Philippines . GRSE was reported to be the lowest bidder to supply two light frigates to the Philippines . A total of four firms joined the bidding for
495-596: A new Acoustic Research Ship (ARS) with the Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers , Kolkata . The order worth ₹ 490.98 crore (US$ 59 million) was signed in Kochi . The ARS will have an overall length of 90 m (300 ft) and a beam of 14 m (46 ft). It will be able to achieve speeds ranging up to 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph). The ship will have a minimum endurance of 30 days or 4,500 nmi (8,300 km; 5,200 mi). It will have
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#1732859075268540-519: A transfer of technology from MDL to diversify warship building capabilities to other yards, as well as to make room at MDL for larger projects. The next class of vessels designed and built by MDL was Project 15 Delhi -class guided-missile destroyers . These were powered by gas turbines and displaced 6,200 tonnes. The first of the class, INS Delhi , was launched in February 1991 and commissioned on 15 November 1997. The second, INS Mysore ,
585-751: Is a public sector undertaking managed by the Ministry of Defence , with the Government of India holding an 84.83% stake. Its shipbuilding segment has indigenously built stealth frigates , destroyers , guided-missile destroyers , corvettes , landing platform docks , missile boats , patrol boats , trailing suction hopper dredgers , cargo ships , cargo-passenger ships , platform supply vessels , Voith tugs and BOP vessels, while its submarine segment has built conventional submarines and stealth submarines . Both segments have also performed repair and refit activities. The company's shipyards were established in
630-623: Is a transliteration scheme that allows the lossless romanisation of Indic scripts as employed by Sanskrit and related Indic languages. It is based on a scheme that emerged during the 19th century from suggestions by Charles Trevelyan , William Jones , Monier Monier-Williams and other scholars, and formalised by the Transliteration Committee of the Geneva Oriental Congress , in September 1894. IAST makes it possible for
675-782: Is by setting up an alternative keyboard layout . This allows one to hold a modifier key to type letters with diacritical marks. For example, alt + a = ā. How this is set up varies by operating system. Linux/Unix and BSD desktop environments allow one to set up custom keyboard layouts and switch them by clicking a flag icon in the menu bar. macOS One can use the pre-installed US International keyboard, or install Toshiya Unebe's Easy Unicode keyboard layout. Microsoft Windows Windows also allows one to change keyboard layouts and set up additional custom keyboard mappings for IAST. This Pali keyboard installer made by Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator (MSKLC) supports IAST (works on Microsoft Windows up to at least version 10, can use Alt button on
720-508: Is one of India's leading shipyards , located in Kolkata . It builds and repairs commercial and naval vessels. GRSE also exports the ships that the company builds. Founded in 1884 as a small privately-owned company on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River , it was renamed as Garden Reach Workshop in 1916. GRSE was nationalised by the Government of India in 1960. The company was awarded
765-504: Is undertaking 7 ICG and 2 SMPK vessel refit. GRSE delivered the corvette MCGS Barracuda to Mauritius on 20 December 2014. The contract was worth $ 58.5 million. With this, India joined the elite club of warship exporters. The Mauritius offshore patrol vessel has an integrated bridge system and cutting edge controls and main engines and can support 83 member crew. It measures 74.10 metres (243.1 ft) in length and 11.40 metres (37.4 ft) in breadth and will be capable of moving at
810-642: The Indian Coast Guard . These vessels are specialised ships built for patrolling, policing, and search and rescue operations in India's exclusive economic zone . Each carries a helicopter on board. Seven such ships have been delivered. Based on the order from the Border Security Force (BSF), the yard started construction of floating border outposts (BOPs). Essentially these BOPs are floating police stations with four high-speed boats. The yard has delivered 9 out of an order of 14 BOPs. Among other ships,
855-503: The Philippine Navy project: GRSE; Hyundai Heavy Industries Inc. and Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co. Ltd., both from South Korea ; and Navantia S.A. of Spain . GRSE's light frigate would have been a design based on the Indian Navy 's Kamorta-class corvette. On 22 June 2024, GRSE secured a contract for design, construction and delivery of four multi-purpose vessels (MPV) to transport windmill blades. The deal
900-555: The 18th century. Ownership of the yards passed through entities including the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company and the British-India Steam Navigation Company . Eventually, 'Mazagon Dock Limited' was registered as a public company in 1934. The shipyard was nationalised in 1960 and is now a public sector undertaking (PSU) of the Government of India . In 2024, it became India's 18th PSU to receive
945-583: The Miniratna public sector undertaking status, with accompanying financial and operational autonomy in September 2006. GRSE is the first Indian shipyard to build 100 warships. GRSE has ship building facilities in Kolkata and a diesel engine plant in Ranchi . It has a large computer-aided design (CAD) centre for ship modelling and design. There are four workshops for plate preparation and steel fabrication. GRSE has
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#1732859075268990-549: The Mumbai peninsula and on the mainland. The yard has the capability to build warships, submarines, and merchant ships up to 30,000 deadweight tons (DWT). It can also fabricate wellhead platforms, process and production platforms, and jack-up rigs for oil exploration. The first warship built by MDL was the 2900-ton displacement INS Nilgiri , the lead ship of her class . She was launched on 15 October 1966 and commissioned on 23 June 1972. Five more frigates of this class were built over
1035-559: The Navratna status from the Indian government. Vice Admiral Narayan Prasad, AVSM, NM, IN (Retd), is the Chairman & Managing Director (CMD) of Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited. The retired naval officer took over his current position on 30 December 2019. The company's activities are shipbuilding, submarine building, and fabrication of offshore structures. It has manufacturing facilities on both
1080-620: The area of Sanskrit studies make use of free OpenType fonts such as FreeSerif or Gentium , both of which have complete support for the full repertoire of conjoined diacritics in the IAST character set. Released under the GNU FreeFont or SIL Open Font License , respectively, such fonts may be freely shared and do not require the person reading or editing a document to purchase proprietary software to make use of its associated fonts. Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd , abbreviated as GRSE ,
1125-410: The class was commissioned on 29 April 2010. The last ship of the class, INS Sahyadri , was launched on 27 May 2005 and commissioned on 21 July 2012. Kolkata -class vessels are the next-generation of guided-missile destroyers in the 7,400-tonne range to be designed and built at MDL. They incorporate stealth features. The lead vessel of the class was launched on 30 March 2006. At least three vessels of
1170-431: The class were planned. All three are in active service. Visakhapatnam -class vessels are the next-generation of guided-missile destroyers in the 7,500-tonne range to be designed and built at MDL. They incorporate stealth features and improved weapons and avionics compared to the Kolkata class. The lead vessel of the class was launched in 2018. At least four vessels of the class are planned. Nilgiri class vessels are
1215-515: The class – the lead ship, INS Godavari , INS Ganga and INS Gomati . MDL designed and built the first two vessels of the Khukri -class corvettes for the Indian Navy. The lead vessel of the class was commissioned on 23 August 1989, and the second, INS Kuthar , on 7 June 1990. The remainder of the class was built at Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) following
1260-467: The construction and delivery of 5th ship was signed on 3 October 2024. On 1 July 2024, GRSE received another $ 21 million order for a 800-tonne Advanced Ocean-Going Tug from the Bangladesh Navy . The tugboat will be delivered within 24 months of signing the contract. The tugboat is expected to measure 61 meters in length, about 15.80 meters in width and have a draught of nearly 6.80 meters. The order
1305-905: The construction of platforms with wellhead , water injection and production separator and glycol process capabilities, as well as jackup rigs , SBMs and other offshore structures. Repair and maintenance jobs on offshore rigs are undertaken at Alcock; jackets up to 80 metres (260 ft) length and 2,200-tonne weight can be constructed. At Nhava, jackets up to 80 metres (260 ft) length and 2,300-tonne weight, main decks up to 550-tonne weight and helipads of 160-tonne weight can be constructed. The yard builds specialist vessels able to clean oil spills and fight fires on offshore drilling platforms. A welding training school develops and maintains welding techniques and procedures. 18°58′02″N 72°51′00″E / 18.96713°N 72.84993°E / 18.96713; 72.84993 IAST The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration ( IAST )
1350-526: The consumer edition since XP. This is limited to characters in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). Characters are searchable by Unicode character name, and the table can be limited to a particular code block. More advanced third-party tools of the same type are also available (a notable freeware example is BabelMap ). macOS provides a "character palette" with much the same functionality, along with searching by related characters, glyph tables in
1395-625: The convention is to typeset the IT sounds as capital letters. For the most part, IAST is a subset of ISO 15919 that merges the retroflex (underdotted) liquids with the vocalic ones ( ringed below ) and the short close-mid vowels with the long ones. The following seven exceptions are from the ISO standard accommodating an extended repertoire of symbols to allow transliteration of Devanāgarī and other Indic scripts , as used for languages other than Sanskrit. The most convenient method of inputting romanized Sanskrit
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1440-524: The following notable warships for the Indian Navy . Current contracts of the Shipyard includes 8 Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft , 3 Project 17A-class frigates , Next Generation Offshore Patrol Vessel , Sandhayak-class survey vessel . GRSE also undertakes ship refitting operations. Some of the notable projects of the Ship Repair Division of GRSE includes: – As of August 2024, GRSE
1485-407: The loss-making Rajabagan Dockyard (RBD) of Central Inland Water Transport Corporation (CIWTC). RBD's facilities with its 600 metres (2,000 ft) waterfront helped alleviate some of GRSE's space constraints and increase its production capacity. As of 2011, the shipyard was undergoing a ₹ 530 crore (US$ 64 million) upgrade programme, expected to be completed by March 2012. The second phase of
1530-560: The next nine years for the Indian Navy. While construction of the Nilgiri class was being completed, the Indian Navy proposed requirements for an indigenously designed and built frigate. This new frigate was to be of wholly Indian design and manufacture. To address these requirements, MDL designed and built the Godavari -class guided-missile frigates with a 3,800-tonne displacement and the ability to embark two helicopters. MDL built three ships of
1575-426: The next-generation of guided-missile frigates in the 6,500-tonne range to be designed and built at MDL and GRSE. They incorporate stealth features. The lead vessel of the class was launched on 28 September 2019. Seven vessels of the class were built by MDL and GRSE. INS Mahendragiri , the seventh and final ship of the class was launched in Mumbai on 1 September 2023. The yard builds offshore patrol vessels (OPVs) for
1620-670: The opportunity to install and use the sa-itrans-iast input handler which provides complete support for the ISO 15919 standard for the romanization of Indic languages as part of the m17n library. Or user can use some Unicode characters in Latin-1 Supplement, Latin Extended-A, Latin Extended Additional and Combining Diarcritical Marks block to write IAST. Only certain fonts support all the Latin Unicode characters essential for
1665-590: The reader to read the Indic text unambiguously, exactly as if it were in the original Indic script. It is this faithfulness to the original scripts that accounts for its continuing popularity amongst scholars. Scholars commonly use IAST in publications that cite textual material in Sanskrit, Pāḷi and other classical Indian languages. IAST is also used for major e-text repositories such as SARIT, Muktabodha, GRETIL, and sanskritdocuments.org. The IAST scheme represents more than
1710-464: The right side of the keyboard instead of Ctrl+Alt combination). Many systems provide a way to select Unicode characters visually. ISO/IEC 14755 refers to this as a screen-selection entry method . Microsoft Windows has provided a Unicode version of the Character Map program (find it by hitting ⊞ Win + R then type charmap then hit ↵ Enter ) since version NT 4.0 – appearing in
1755-483: The romanisation of all Indic scripts , is an extension of IAST. The IAST letters are listed with their Devanagari equivalents and phonetic values in IPA , valid for Sanskrit , Hindi and other modern languages that use Devanagari script, but some phonological changes have occurred: * H is actually glottal , not velar . Some letters are modified with diacritics : Long vowels are marked with an overline (often called
1800-483: The transliteration of Indic scripts according to the IAST and ISO 15919 standards. For example, the Arial , Tahoma and Times New Roman font packages that come with Microsoft Office 2007 and later versions also support precomposed Unicode characters like ī . Many other text fonts commonly used for book production may be lacking in support for one or more characters from this block. Accordingly, many academics working in
1845-709: The upgrade programme was scheduled to commence from June 2013. Among commercial and scientific ships, GRSE builds oceanographic and hydrographic research vessels , marine acoustic research ships, non-propelled dredgers , grab hopper dredgers, trailing suction hopper dredgers, tugboats , and bulk carriers . On July 16, 2024, GRSE signed a contract with the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), Ministry of Earth Sciences , Government of India , for construction of an advanced Ocean Research Vessel (ORV). On 29 October 2024, Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory (NPOL) under DRDO placed an order for
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1890-555: The yard has built three fast missile boats, a cadet training ship, and other utility ships for the Indian Navy. It has also built Kangan class water tankers for the Iranian naval forces. The Shishumar -class submarines are a variant of the Type 209 diesel-electric submarine designed by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft . Two vessels of this class were constructed at MDL, which are the first indigenously built submarines in India. INS Shalki
1935-444: Was commissioned on 2 June 1999, followed by the last ship in the series, INS Mumbai , on 22 January 2001. The 6000-ton Shivalik -class (Project 17) frigates are the first warships with stealth features to be designed and built in India. These multi-role, guided-missile frigates have reduced radar signature and have entered service from 2010 onwards. At least three of this class have been constructed at MDL. The lead vessel of
1980-507: Was commissioned on 7 February 1992 and INS Shankul was commissioned on 28 May 1994. MDL has build six diesel-electric submarines of the Kalvari class under a technology-transfer agreement with Naval Group . INS Kalvari , the first in this class, was commissioned on 14 December 2017 from Naval Dockyard in Mumbai . In September 2023, MDL became the second Indian shipyard after Kattupalli Shipyard of Larsen & Toubro to sign
2025-408: Was signed by Carsten Rehder Schiffsmakler and Reederei , a German shipbuilding entity and GRSE for a value of $ 54 million. The vessels would displace 7,500 tonnes and will be 120 metres long and 17 metres wide with a maximum draght of 6.75 metres. GRSE secured an order of additional 4 MPVs under the " Option Agreement ". This brings the total order value of $ 108 million for 8 ships. The contract for
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