The Max Rubner Institute (MRI), Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food is a higher federal authority of the Federal Republic of Germany in the portfolio of the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL). The research focus is on consumer health protection in the nutrition sector. In this field, the MRI advises the BMEL.
7-565: The institute was named after the physician and physiologist Max Rubner . Until January 1, 2008, the institute was called the Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food (BfEL). The president of the MRI is Tanja Schwerdtle. The institution's headquarters are in Karlsruhe . Other locations are Kiel , Detmold and Kulmbach . The Münster site has been closed; "the fish quality department
14-438: Is a calorie". In 1902, Rubner expressed his belief that this was over-simplistic, stating "the effect of specific nutritional substances upon the glands" may modify the effect of specific foods on energy balance, a view that is now increasingly accepted. With Otto Heubner (1843–1926), he performed important studies involving energy metabolism in infancy. In 1883 Rubner introduced the "surface hypothesis", which stated that
21-569: Is currently still located in Hamburg." In total, the institute employs around 200 scientists at its various sites. The MRI is a member of the Working Group of Departmental Research Institutions. The MRI's predecessor, the Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, was established on January 1, 2004, through the merger of the following institutions: Max Rubner Max Rubner (2 June 1854, Munich – 27 April 1932, Berlin )
28-440: The metabolic rate of birds and mammals that maintain a steady body temperature is roughly proportional to their body surface area. Max Rubner is also known for his "rate-of-living theory", which proposed that a slow metabolism increases an animal's longevity. His observation was that larger animals outlived smaller animals and that the metabolic rates of larger animals were slower pro rata . The theory might have been inspired by
35-412: The elimination of fatigue. Rubner is remembered for his research in metabolism , energy physiology, hygiene and dietary thermogenesis . His best-known research centres on what he termed the "isodynamic law" of calories (demonstrated in 1873, and published a decade later), according to which the form of human calorie intake is irrelevant to its effect on energy balance, often paraphrased as "a calorie
42-493: Was a German physiologist and hygienist . He studied at the University of Munich and worked as an assistant under Adolf von Baeyer and Carl von Voit (doctorate 1878). Later on, he taught as a professor at the University of Marburg (1885–1891), and in 1891 succeeded Robert Koch as a professor of hygiene at the University of Berlin . In 1909 he succeeded Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann as chair of physiology at Berlin. Rubner
49-470: Was co-founder of the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie , and became its director in 1913. With his assistant Gerhard Albrecht, Rubner set out to study labour not just as the expenditure of energy, but also the use of intellect. They rejected taylorism as being over concerned with economic outputs, but rather advocated an approach which was more concerned with a biophysical approach to
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