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34-618: The name of the regional council stems from the fact that its territory was part of the land allotted to the Tribe of Judah , according to the Bible. The regional council administers moshavim , kibbutzim , Arab villages and other rural settlements in the Jerusalem corridor , north and south of the Jerusalem-Tel Aviv highway , from Jerusalem in the southeast to Latrun in the northwest, and down to

68-641: A 14th-century treatise, the " Kebre Negest ", assert descent from a retinue of Israelites who returned with the Queen of Sheba from her visit to King Solomon in Jerusalem , by whom she had conceived the Solomonic dynasty's founder, Menelik I . Both Christian and Jewish Ethiopian tradition has it that these immigrants were mostly of the Tribes of Dan and Judah; hence the Ge'ez motto Mo`a 'Anbessa Ze'imnegede Yihuda ("The Lion of

102-492: Is traditionally symbolized by a lion. In Genesis , the patriarch Jacob ("Israel") gave that symbol to this tribe when he refers to his son Judah as a Gur Aryeh' גּוּר אַרְיֵה יְהוּדָה , "Young Lion" ( Genesis 49 :9) when blessing him. In Jewish naming tradition the Hebrew name and the substitute name are often combined as a pair, as in this case. The Lion of Judah was used as a Jewish symbol for many years, and as Jerusalem

136-663: The Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible . It is also mentioned in the Book of Revelation of the New Testament as a term representing Jesus of Nazareth , according to Christian theology . The Lion of Judah was also one of the titles used by Ethiopian emperors from the Solomonic dynasty . The biblical Judah (in Hebrew : Yehuda ) is the eponymous ancestor of the Tribe of Judah , which

170-560: The Israel National Trail , biking and historical sight seeing. Other attractions include natural phenomenon as Avshalom stalactites cave and natural water springs. Mate Yehuda is also home to goat cheese farms, over 30 wineries, including award-winning Katlav and Nevo , 11 breweries and dozens of artists. The regional council has sister city -like partnerships with these municipalities: The regional council and Beit Shemesh are linked to South Africa and Washington, D.C. , in

204-750: The Israelite tribes (the Jebusites still held Jerusalem ), Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes. Judah's portion is described in Joshua 15 as encompassing all the Southern Land of Israel , specially the Negev , the Wilderness of Zin and Jerusalem. However, the consensus of modern scholars is that this conquest never occurred. Other scholars point to extra-biblical references to Israel and Canaan as evidence for

238-525: The Levites and Kohanim were preserved, but Jerusalem became the sole place of worship and sacrifice among the returning exiles, northerners and southerners alike. According to the biblical account, at its height, the tribe of Judah was the leading tribe of the Kingdom of Judah, and occupied most of the territory of the kingdom, except for a small region in the northeast occupied by Benjamin , and an enclave towards

272-532: The Partnership 2gether program of the Jewish Agency for Israel . 31°45′N 34°53′E  /  31.750°N 34.883°E  / 31.750; 34.883 Tribe of Judah According to the Hebrew Bible , the tribe of Judah ( שֵׁבֶט יְהוּדָה ‎, Shevet Yehudah ) was one of the twelve Tribes of Israel , named after Judah , the son of Jacob . Judah was the first tribe to take its place in

306-497: The Queen of Sheba from her visit to King Solomon in Jerusalem , by whom she had conceived the Solomonic dynasty's founder Menelik I . As Solomon was of the tribe of Judah, his son Menelik I would continue the line, which according to Ethiopian history was passed directly down from king to king until Emperor Haile Selassie I (ostensibly the 225th king from King David ) was deposed in 1974. Both Christian and Jewish Ethiopian history have it that there were also immigrants of

340-401: The "united monarchy" are exaggerated, and a minority believe that the "united monarchy" never existed at all. Disagreeing with the latter view, Old Testament scholar Walter Dietrich contends that the biblical stories of circa 10th-century BCE monarchs contain a significant historical kernel and are not simply late fictions. On the accession of Rehoboam , Solomon 's son, in c. 930 BCE,

374-623: The Book of Judges is a reliable historical account. The Book of Samuel describes God's repudiation of a monarchic line arising from the Southern Tribe of Benjamin due to the sinfulness of King Saul , which was then bestowed onto the tribe of Judah for all time in the person of King David . In Samuel's account, after the death of Saul, all the tribes other than Judah remained loyal to the House of Saul, while Judah chose David as its king. However, after

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408-494: The House of David. These tribes formed the Kingdom of Judah , which existed until Judah was conquered by Babylon in c. 586 BCE and the population was deported. When the Jews returned from Babylonian exile , residual tribal affiliations were abandoned, probably because of the impossibility of reestablishing previous tribal land holdings. However, the special religious roles decreed for

442-807: The Land of Israel, occupying its Southern part. Jesse and his sons, including King David , belonged to this tribe. The Tribe of Judah played a central role in the Deuteronomistic history , which encompasses the books of Deuteronomy through II Kings . After the death of King Solomon , the Tribe of Judah, along with the Tribe of Benjamin , the Tribe of Dan and the Levites formed the Southern Kingdom of Judah , with Jerusalem as its capital. The kingdom lasted until its conquest by Babylon in c. 586 BCE. The tribe's symbol

476-523: The Solomonic Ethiopian emperors and nobles including Sabagadis Woldu , Kenfu Hailu , Wube Haile Mariam , Tewodros II , Yohannes IV , Menelik , and Haile Selassie and was depicted on the flag of Ethiopia from 1897 to 1974. Due to its association with Haile Selassie, it continues to be an important symbol among members of the Rastafari movement . The Lion of Judah motif figured prominently on

510-674: The Ten Northern Tribes of Israel under the leadership of Jeroboam from the Tribe of Ephraim split from the House of David to create the Northern Kingdom in Samaria . The Book of Kings is uncompromising in its low opinion of its larger and richer neighbor to the north and understands its conquest by Assyria in 722 BCE as divine retribution for the Kingdom's return to idolatry. The Tribes of Judah, Southern Dan and Benjamin remained loyal to

544-473: The Tribe of Judah has conquered"), one of many names for Jesus of Nazareth. Lion of the Tribe of Judah The Lion of Judah ( Hebrew : אריה יהודה , Aryeh Yehudah ) is a Jewish national and cultural symbol , traditionally regarded as the symbol of the tribe of Judah . The association between the Judahites and the lion can first be found in the blessing given by Jacob to his fourth son, Judah , in

578-582: The Tribes of Dan and Judah that accompanied Makeda back from her visit to Solomon; hence the Ge'ez motto Mo`a 'Anbessa Ze'imnegede Yihuda ("The Lion of Judah has conquered"), included among the titles of the Emperor throughout the Solomonic Dynasty. The Lion of Judah is a prominent symbol in the Rastafari movement . It represents Emperor Haile Selassie I as well as being a symbol of strength, kingship, pride and African sovereignty. Rastafari consider

612-640: The area of Beit Shemesh ( Ha'ela Valley ) in the south. The settlements vary greatly in their character. There are religious, secular and mixed Jewish communities, two Arab communities, and the only mixed Arab-Jewish village in Israel - Neve Shalom . Many of the Jewish communities in the Mateh Yehuda district were established by immigrants from India , Yemen , Iraq , Iran and countries in Eastern Europe . 30% of

646-507: The death of Ish-bosheth , Saul's son and successor to the throne of Israel, all the other Israelite tribes made David, who was then the King of Judah, king of a single Re-United Kingdom of Israel. The Book of Kings follows the expansion and unparalleled glory of the United Monarchy under King Solomon . A majority of scholars believe that the accounts concerning David and Solomon's territory in

680-720: The destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 586 BCE. Many more Jews migrated to Babylon in CE 135 after the Bar Kokhba revolt and in the centuries after. The triumph or victory of "the Lion of the Tribe of Judah", who is able to open the scroll and its seven seals , forms part of the vision of the writer of the Book of Revelation in the New Testament. Ethiopia 's traditions, recorded and elaborated in

714-604: The king, particularly Hezekiah . After the Assyrians destroyed their cities, survivors fled to Jerusalem and fully assimilated with the inhabitants by 538 BC, when the Babylonian exiles returned to Jerusalem. Many of the Jewish leaders and prophets of the Hebrew Bible claimed membership in the tribe of Judah. For example, the literary prophets Isaiah , Amos , Joel , Micah , Obadiah , Zechariah , and Zephaniah , all belonged to

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748-653: The lands of the Palestinian village of Battir in the West Bank , as well as a few of its buildings, lie on the Israeli side of the Green Line . These parts of Battir are nominally within the regional council's area of jurisdiction, but authority over them is exercised by the PA municipality of Battir in practice. The tourist activities in the area include mountain hiking, major sections on

782-639: The lion of Judah as their emblem or even as their names. It was depicted on a map of the Upper Nile published in 1683 by the Italian Jobi Ludolfi describing the Lion of Judah symbol as the royal insignia of the Ethiopian Empire . The Solomonic dynasty of Ethiopia claims to have its patrilineal origin in the Israelite Royal House of Judah. The Lion of Judah served as the hereditary title of

816-502: The mention of "The Lion of Judah" in Genesis 49 :9 and Revelation 5 :5 of the Bible to refer to Emperor Haile Selassie I . Rastafari hail Haile Selassie I with the titles "King of kings, lord of lords, conquering Lion of Judah, elect of God, the light of the world". In 1981 Lutz Becker published archival film footage showing the occupation of Ethiopia by Fascist Italy in the documentary film The Lion of Judah . The archival footage shows

850-518: The old imperial flag, currency, stamps, etc. and may still be seen gracing the terrace of the capital as a national symbol. After the collapse of the Derg in 1990, a minor political party bearing the name Mo'a Anbessa' made its appearance. Ethiopia 's history as recorded and elaborated in a 13th-century treatise, the Kebra Nagast , asserts descent from a retinue of Israelites who returned with Makeda,

884-605: The potential historicity of the conquest. In the opening words of the Book of Judges , following the death of Joshua , the Israelites "asked the Lord" which tribe should be first to go to occupy its allotted territory, and the Tribe of Judah was identified as the first tribe. According to the narrative in the Book of Judges, the Tribe of Judah invited the Tribe of Simeon to fight with them in alliance to secure each of their allotted territories. However, many scholars do not believe that

918-496: The south-west which was occupied by Simeon . Bethlehem and Hebron were initially the main cities within the territory of the tribe. The size of the territory of the tribe of Judah meant that in practice it had four distinct regions: According to the Torah , the Tribe consisted of Descendants of Judah , the fourth son of Jacob and of Leah . Some biblical scholars view this as an etiological myth created in hindsight to explain

952-589: The southern kingdom being too far away to be involved in the battle, but Israel Finkelstein et al. claim the alternative explanation that the southern kingdom was simply an insignificant rural backwater at the time the poem was written. Professor Aaron Demsky argues that the genealogical record of Shelah and his sons was an allegory of the history of Shelanite clans in Shephelah (i.e. Judean foothills). These clans established cities such as Lecah (or Lachish ) and Mareshah . They also worked as potters and craftsmen for

986-481: The tribe's name and connect it to the other tribes in the Israelite confederation. With Leah as a matriarch, biblical scholars regard the tribe as having been believed by the text's authors to have been part of the original Israelite confederation. Like the other tribes of the Kingdom of Judah, the Tribe of Judah is entirely absent from the ancient Song of Deborah . Traditionally, this has been explained as being due to

1020-507: The tribe. The genealogies given in Matthew 1:1–6 and Luke 3:23–34 in the New Testament describe Jesus as a Descendant of David, Matthew through Solomon and Luke through Nathan . As part of the Kingdom of Judah, the tribe of Judah survived the destruction of Israel by the Assyrians , and instead was subjected to the Babylonian captivity ; when the captivity ended, the distinction between

1054-564: The tribes were lost in favour of a common identity. Since Simeon and Benjamin had been very much the junior partners in the Kingdom of Judah, it was Judah that gave its name to the identity—that of the Jews . After the fall of Jerusalem, Babylonia (modern-day Iraq), would become the focus of Judaism for 1,000 years. The first Jewish communities in Babylonia started with the exile of the tribe of Judah to Babylon by Jehoiachin in 597 BCE as well as after

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1088-482: The worship of Yahweh featured prominently in the Deuteronomistic history , encompassing the books of Deuteronomy through II Kings , which most scholars agree was reduced to written form, although subject to exilic and post-exilic alterations and emendations, during the reign of the Judahite reformer Josiah from 641–609 BCE. According to the account in the Book of Joshua , following a partial conquest of Canaan by

1122-674: Was the capital of the Kingdom of Judah , in 1950 it was included in the Emblem of Jerusalem . The phrase appears in the New Testament in Revelation 5:5 : Then one of the elders said to me, "Do not weep. See, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has conquered, so that he can open the scroll and its seven seals." This is widely regarded as a reference to the Second Coming among Christians . Many Christian organizations and ministries use

1156-415: Was the lion, and it was often represented in Jewish art. After the Babylonian captivity , the distinction between the Tribes was largely lost, but the term "Judah" gave rise to the word " Jews " In later traditions, including Christianity and Ethiopian Judaism, the " Lion of the Tribe of Judah " became a messianic symbol. The tribe of Judah, its conquests, and the centrality of its capital in Jerusalem for

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