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Marion Zimmer Bradley

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Marion Eleanor Zimmer Bradley (June 3, 1930 – September 25, 1999) was an American author of fantasy , historical fantasy , science fiction , and science fantasy novels and is best known for the Arthurian fiction novel The Mists of Avalon and the Darkover series. She was noted for the feminist perspective in her writing.

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41-546: Bradley began writing at the age of 17 and later graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Hardin-Simmons University . She co-founded the Society for Creative Anachronism in 1966. She also served as the editor of the long-running Sword and Sorceress anthology series. She was posthumously awarded the World Fantasy Award for lifetime achievement in 2000. Though Bradley remained popular during her lifetime her reputation

82-499: A child whom Breen was interested in sexually. In response to these allegations, on July 2, 2014, Victor Gollancz Ltd , the publisher of Bradley's digital backlist, began donating all income from the sales of Bradley's e-books to the charity Save the Children . Janni Lee Simner donated advances and royalties from her two Darkover short stories and, at the request of her husband, Larry Hammer, payment for his sale to Bradley's magazine, to

123-456: A daughter, Moira Greyland, who is a professional harpist and singer, and a son, Mark Greyland. Moira's son, RJ Stern, is a college football player who was featured on season 5 of Last Chance U on Netflix . In 1965, Bradley graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Hardin-Simmons University in Abilene, Texas . Afterward, she moved to Berkeley, California , to pursue graduate studies at

164-601: A decade. They officially divorced on May 9, 1990, the year Breen was arrested on child molestation charges after a 13-year-old boy reported that Breen had been molesting him for four years. She had edited Breen's book Greek Love (published pseudonymously), which was dedicated to her (named simply as "[his] wife"), and in 1965 had contributed an article, "Feminine Equivalents of Greek Love in Modern Literature", to Breen's journal The International Journal of Greek Love . She allegedly had knowledge of Breen's sexual interests and

205-403: A dispute with a fan over an unpublished Darkover novel of Bradley's that had similarities to one of the fan's stories. As a result, the novel remained unpublished and Bradley demanded the cessation of all Darkover fan fiction. In the 1970s, as part of the contemporary wave of enthusiasm for J. R. R. Tolkien 's fictional world of Middle-earth , she wrote an essay about Éowyn 's supposed love for

246-455: A doctorate in physical therapy , the first in Texas which is open to private citizens, as well as Doctor of Education (Ed.D.). HSU students come from diverse backgrounds and a variety of Christian denominations . With an approximate enrollment of 1,500 students, the student-to-teacher ratio was 33:1. In 2016, U.S. News & World Report ranked Hardin-Simmons 33 among Regional Universities in

287-509: A farm in Albany, New York , and began writing at the age of 17. She was married to Robert Alden Bradley from October 26, 1949, until their divorce on May 19, 1964. They had a son, David Robert Bradley (1950–2008). During the 1950s she was introduced to lesbian advocacy organization the Daughters of Bilitis . After her divorce, Bradley married numismatist Walter H. Breen on June 3, 1964. They had

328-570: A known child rapist and molesting her own daughter and others even more tragic." G Willow Wilson , who, along with Bradley, is a fellow World Fantasy Award winner, said she was "speechless". Diana L. Paxson , who collaborated with Bradley on a number of novels and who continued to write novels set in the Avalon Series after Bradley's death, said that she was "shocked and appalled to read Moira Greyland's posts about her mother... I never personally observed, nor had any reason to suspect, that (Bradley)

369-737: A small farm animal petting area. The activities have become a fun educational opportunity for Abilene-area elementary school-aged children. The Hardin–Simmons athletic teams are called the Cowboys/Cowgirls. The university is a member of the Division III level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), primarily competing in the American Southwest Conference since the 1996–97 academic year. as of November 2016 had won 75 conference titles,

410-454: A writing center, academic advisors, library services, faculty mentors, disability services, health services, peer mentors, and counseling. HSU's grounds include six residence halls and eight apartment complexes as well as campus houses. Campus infrastructure is built in classic brick architecture, and the school's golden-domed, red brick clock tower serves as its signature building, along with the 30 by 41-ft stained glass wall of Logsdon chapel, on

451-604: Is affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas . Hardin–Simmons University was founded as Abilene Baptist College in 1891 by the Sweetwater Baptist Association and a group of cattlemen and pastors who sought to bring Christian higher education to the Southwest. The purpose of the school would be "to lead students to Christ, teach them of Christ, and train them for Christ." The original land

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492-760: The Baptist General Convention of Texas since 1941. The university publicly experienced financial challenges in the late 2010s, continuing into 2020 as the state and the Baptist General Convention of Texas reduced the funding levels of programs in which the university participates. In 2018, the university ended nine undergraduate and four graduate programs and closed five campus extensions (Logsdon Seminary campuses in Coppell, Lubbock, Corpus Christi and McAllen; Acton MBA Program in Austin). These changes also included terminations of staff and faculty. Two years later, in 2020,

533-505: The Camelot legend from the point of view of Morgaine and Gwenhwyfar . It grew into a series of books and, like the Darkover series, the later novels are written with or by other authors and have continued to appear since Bradley's death. Bradley was posthumously awarded the World Fantasy Award for lifetime achievement in 2000. In 2000, shortly after Bradley's death, author Stephen Goldin ,

574-574: The University of California, Berkeley between 1965 and 1967. In 1966, with her brother Paul Edwin Zimmer , she helped found and name the Society for Creative Anachronism and was involved in developing several local groups, some in New York after her move to Staten Island . Bradley and Breen separated in 1979 but remained married. They also continued a business relationship and lived on the same street for over

615-426: The underground newspaper The East Village Other , the neo-Pagan periodical Green Egg and also Sybil Leek's Astrology Journal , where she wrote horoscopes and book reviews and had her own column as well as occasionally worked as editors with her husband Walter Breen. Hardin-Simmons University Hardin–Simmons University ( HSU ) is a private Baptist university in Abilene, Texas , United States. It

656-578: The 1950s and 1960s, she published her own fanzines, including Astra's Tower , Day*Star , and Anything Box . She also co-edited fanzines, including Ugly Bird with Redd Boggs , MEZRAB with her first husband Robert Bradley, and Allerlei with her second husband Walter Breen. Bradley contributed to several other fanzines, including The Gorgon and The Nekromantikon . For many years, Bradley actively encouraged Darkover fan fiction . She encouraged submissions from unpublished authors and reprinted some of it in commercial Darkover anthologies. This ended after

697-1258: The 1990s Bradley said she would return to Christianity , telling an interviewer: "I just go regularly to the Episcopalian church ... That pagan thing ... I feel that I've gotten past it. I would like people to explore the possibilities." After suffering declining health for years, Bradley died at Alta Bates Medical Center in Berkeley on September 25, 1999, four days after suffering a heart attack . Her ashes were later scattered at Glastonbury Tor in Somerset , England. ( co-written by Rosemary Edghill (uncredited)) (also known as The Children of Kings trilogy ) (written by Deborah J. Ross ) (with Holly Lisle ) (with her brother Paul Edwin Zimmer ) (edited by Marion Zimmer Bradley, with some short stories by her, but mostly by other writers) Bradley created several different fanzines, including The Anything Box (2 issues, 1959), Astra's Tower (5 issues, 1947–50), Astra's Tower, Special Leaflet (5 issues, 1952–62), Day*Star (28 issues, 1954–72), Fantasy Ambler (1 issue, 1962), Gemini, Jr. (1 issue, 1951), Gemini FAPA (3 issues, 1951–60), On

738-574: The 1996-2019 period, and an NCAA Division III National Championship title in 2010. 32°28′37″N 99°44′02″W  /  32.477°N 99.734°W  / 32.477; -99.734 Falcons of Narabedla Falcons of Narabedla is a science fiction novel by American writer Marion Zimmer Bradley set in the universe of her Darkover series. It was first published in book form in English by Ace Books in 1964, as an Ace Double with Bradley's collection The Dark Intruder and Other Stories on

779-488: The American anti-sexual assault organization Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network . A number of science fiction authors have publicly condemned Bradley. Among the first was John Scalzi , who expressed his horror within a day of the allegations being made public. Hugo Award winner Jim C. Hines wrote that Bradley's positive effect on her readers and associates "makes the revelations about Marion Zimmer Bradley protecting

820-494: The May 1957 issue of Other Worlds . Early in her career, writing as Morgan Ives, Miriam Gardner, John Dexter, and Lee Chapman, Bradley produced several works outside the speculative fiction genre, including gay and lesbian pulp fiction novels; I Am a Lesbian was published in 1962. Though relatively tame by today's standards, her novels were considered pornographic when published. Her 1958 novel The Planet Savers introduced

861-560: The Ragged Edge (1 issue, undated), and Catch Trap (at least issues 89–106, early 1960s). She co-edited several other fanzines, including Allerlei (at least 17 issues, 1960–65, with Walter Breen), Anduril (1 issue, 1962, with David Bradley and Paul Zimmer), MEZRAB (7 issues, 1950–52, with Robert A. Bradley), and Ugly Bird (2 issues, 1956–59, with Redd Boggs ). She also contributed to The Ladder and The Mattachine Review . As Elfrieda or Elfrida Rivers, she contributed at least to

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902-745: The West. That same year, Princeton Review included the university among its Best Western Colleges. In 2016 Campus Pride ranked the university among the worst schools in Texas for LGBT students. Chapel services are held weekly for the entire student body. Neighborhood outreach programs are also available in which students can participate. Baptist Student Ministries (BSM) offers free noon lunches for students every Wednesday. The BSM provides possibilities for students to get involved in Bible study groups and go on mission trips, in addition to hosting concerts and other campus events. Campus resources include career services,

943-530: The campus' southeast corner. HSU was named one of the 50 Most Beautiful Christian Colleges and Universities in 2017. Western Heritage Day is an annual celebration of the heritage and way of life in the American frontier that has occurred since the Abilene Centennial Celebration in 1981. The event is held on the HSU campus and includes activities such as trick roping, pit branding, chuck wagon snacks, and

984-1105: The first 15 years after HSU restarted its football program (1990–2005), the Hardin–Simmons Cowboy football team had the best winning percentage (77.4%) of all Texan college football programs. Also, the men's basketball team won two Border Conference titles, in 1953 and 1957, advancing to the NCAA basketball tournament each time. The Cowboys are one of fourteen teams to have played in the tournament and no longer be in Division I; they are also one of five such teams to have appeared in more than one tournament. Hardin–Simmons competes in 16 intercollegiate varsity sports: Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, soccer, tennis and track & field; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, softball, tennis, track & field and volleyball. Hardin–Simmons women's soccer has been HSU's single-most successful athletic program with 22 ASC Conference Championships in

1025-446: The hero Aragorn called "Of Men, Halflings, and Hero Worship" for the Astra's Tower fanzine. She also penned two short fanfic stories about Arwen , publishing them in chapbook format. One story, "The Jewel of Arwen" (originally published in a different form in the fanzine I Palantir #2, August 1961), appeared in her professional anthology The Best of Marion Zimmer Bradley (1985), but

1066-665: The most of any school. The Cowboys/Cowgirls also competed in the Division III-based Texas Intercollegiate Athletic Association (TIAA) from 1990–91 to 1995–96. Hardin–Simmons previously competed as a member of the Border Intercollegiate Athletic Association (BIAA; also known as the Border Conference ) from 1941–42 to 1961–62, during which time the football team won three conference championships . For

1107-507: The other side. The story first appeared in the May 1957 issue of the magazine Other Worlds . The name "Narabedla" is the name of the star " Aldebaran " spelled backwards. The novel concerns a person who is transported into the future and an alien world where Terrans and Darkovans have meshed and become decadent. This article about a 1960s fantasy novel is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . See guidelines for writing about novels . Further suggestions might be found on

1148-543: The planet of Darkover , which became the setting of a popular series by Bradley and other authors. The Darkover milieu is a science fantasy fictional world, with science fiction as well as fantasy overtones: Darkover is a lost human colony where psi powers developed to an unusual degree, and work like magic, while technology has regressed to a more-or-less medieval stage. Bradley wrote many Darkover novels by herself, but in her later years collaborated with other authors for publication; her literary collaborators have continued

1189-415: The series since her death. Bradley took an active role in science fiction and fantasy fandom , promoting interaction with professional authors and publishers and making several important contributions to the subculture. In her teens she wrote letters to the pulp magazines of the time, such as the above-mentioned Amazing Stories and Thrilling Wonder Stories . Starting in the late 1940s and continuing in

1230-551: The short story "Outpost". "Outpost" was published in Amazing Stories Vol. 23, No. 12, the December 1949 issue; it had previously appeared in the fanzine Spacewarp Vol. 4, No. 3, in December 1948. Her first professional publication was a short story "Women Only", which appeared in the second (and final) issue of Vortex Science Fiction in 1953. Her first published novel-length work was Falcons of Narabedla , first published in

1271-763: The stepfather of a boy who had been molested by Walter Breen , started a website claiming that Bradley had been fully aware of her husband's crimes and made no effort to report them or protect his victims. In 2014, Moira Greyland, the daughter of Bradley and Breen, accused Bradley of sexual abuse from the age of 3 to 12. In an email to The Guardian , Greyland said that she had not spoken out before because "I thought that my mother's fans would be angry with me for saying anything against someone who had championed women's rights and made so many of them feel differently about themselves and their lives. I didn't want to hurt anyone she had helped, so I just kept my mouth shut". Greyland also confirmed Goldin's statements by saying that Bradley

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1312-436: The time) in accessing and abusing multiple unrelated young boys, knowing he was a pedophile who was engaging in sexual contact with children as young as eight. Greyland states that Bradley and her live-in female partner (whom Greyland refers to as her step-mother) both admitted to knowledge of the abuse and purposefully avoided investigating, questioning, or notifying any authorities. Bradley was also accused of attempting to adopt

1353-660: The university announced that it would close Logsdon Seminary and end an additional 22 academic programs with accompanying terminations of staff and faculty. The university was granted an exception to Title IX in 2016 which allows it to legally discriminate against LGBT students for religious reasons. HSU offers six undergraduate degrees with 70 majors, and seven graduate degrees with 18 programs. Pre-professional programs include dentistry , engineering , medicine , law , pharmacology , physical therapy , and seminary . HSU offers courses in geography, Greek, Hebrew, humanities, and physical sciences, as well. The university offers

1394-669: Was abusing either of her children." While she was attending the College for Teachers (now University at Albany, SUNY ) in Albany, Bradley became involved in Western esoteric tradition . She later completed a Rosicrucian correspondence course. In the late 1950s or early 1960s, Bradley and Walter H. Breen founded the Aquarian Order of the Restoration based on the work of Dion Fortune . By 1961 she

1435-511: Was aware of her husband's behavior and chose not to report him. Greyland reported that she was not the only victim and that she was one of the people who reported her father for child molestation, for which he received multiple convictions. In December 2017, Bradley's daughter published a detailed biography of her mother, including her pedophilia and sexual abuse, in a book entitled The Last Closet: The Dark Side of Avalon . Additionally, according to Greyland, Bradley assisted Breen (her husband at

1476-423: Was donated to the university by rancher C.W. Merchant. The school was renamed Simmons College in 1892 in honor of an early contributor, James B. Simmons . By 1907 it claimed an enrollment of 524 and a staff of 49. In 1925, it became Simmons University . It was renamed Hardin–Simmons University in 1934 in honor of Mary and John G. Hardin, who were also major contributors. The university has been associated with

1517-562: Was dropped from later reprints. She continued to contribute to different science fiction and fantasy fanzines and magazines throughout her career. In 1966, Bradley became a co-founder of the Society for Creative Anachronism and is credited with coining the name of that group. Bradley was the editor of the long-running Sword and Sorceress anthology series, which encouraged submissions of fantasy stories featuring original and non-traditional heroines from young and upcoming authors. Although she particularly encouraged young female authors, she

1558-544: Was formally initiating others, including Ramfis S. Firethorn. Bradley was active in Darkmoon Circle, which was founded in 1978 by several women who were members of her Aquarian Order of the Restoration. Bradley renovated her garage to provide a meeting room for Darkmoon Circle as well as for other local Pagan groups. In 1981 Bradley, Diana L. Paxson , and Elisabeth Waters incorporated the Center for Non-Traditional Religion. In

1599-461: Was not averse to including stories from men in her anthologies. Mercedes Lackey was one of many authors who first appeared in the anthologies. Bradley also maintained a large family of writers at her home in Berkeley, California . Following Bradley's death, the anthology was edited by Elizabeth Waters and continued until 2019. Her most famous single novel may be The Mists of Avalon , a retelling of

1640-570: Was posthumously marred when in 2014 it was revealed by her children, daughter Moira Greyland and son Mark Greyland, that she was guilty of child sexual abuse , and for allegedly assisting her second husband, convicted child abuser Walter Breen , in sexually abusing multiple unrelated children. Bradley's daughter Moira Greyland said that Bradley had not only been aware of Breen's child molestation activities but also sexually abused her. Many science fiction authors have since publicly condemned Bradley. Born Marion Eleanor Zimmer on June 3, 1930, she lived on

1681-702: Was said to have accepted his sexual abuse of a 14-year-old boy. Bradley stated that when she was a child she enjoyed reading adventure fantasy authors such as Henry Kuttner , Edmond Hamilton , C.L. Moore , and Leigh Brackett , especially when they wrote about "the glint of strange suns on worlds that never were and never would be". Her first novel and much of her subsequent work show their influence strongly. At 17, she began her first novel The Forest House , her retelling of Norma ; she finished it before her death. Bradley made her first sale as an adjunct to an amateur fiction contest in Amazing Stories in 1949 with

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