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68-547: Mandurriao ( [manduˈryaw] ) is a district in Iloilo City , Philippines , located in the province of Iloilo , on the island of Panay in the Western Visayas region . It is the second-largest district by geographical area as well as the third-most populous district, with 62,240 people in the 2020 census. Mandurriao is one of the major business districts of Iloilo City, along with Iloilo City Proper . Mandurriao

136-478: A 2008 research brief published by the World Bank as part of its Trade Costs and Facilitation Project, increasing transparency in the region's trading system is critical if APEC is to meet its Bogor Goal targets. The APEC Business Travel Card , a travel document for visa-free business travel within the region is one of the concrete measures to facilitate business. In May 2010 Russia joined the scheme, thus completing

204-668: A FTAAP arose due to the lack of progress in the Doha round of World Trade Organization negotiations, and as a way to overcome the "noodle bowl" effect created by overlapping and conflicting elements of the copious free trade agreements – there were approximately 60 free trade agreements in 2007, with an additional 117 in the process of negotiation in Southeast Asia and the Asia-Pacific region. In 2012, ASEAN+6 countries alone had 339 free trade agreements – many of which were bilateral. The FTAAP

272-461: A dozen other economies that have applied for membership in APEC. Colombia applied for APEC's membership as early as in 1995, but its bid was halted as the organisation stopped accepting new members from 1993 to 1996, and the moratorium was further prolonged to 2007 due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis . As a regional organization, APEC has always played a leading role in the area of reform initiatives in

340-789: A famous tradition, followed for most (but not all) summits, involves the attending leaders dressing in a national costume of the host country. APEC has three official observers: the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Secretariat, the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council and the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat. APEC's Host Economy of the Year is considered to be invited in the first place for geographical representation to attend G20 meetings following G20 guidelines. The initial inspiration for APEC came when

408-703: A former city on its own with a large population of Spanish Filipino residents, it is home to a large number of old mansions and heritage houses such as the Lopez Mansion , the Lizares Mansion , the Ledesma Mansion , the Casa Mariquit , etc. The district is also home to Central Philippine University , which has been ranked as the first Western Visayan university on the list of Asia's and the world's best universities by Quacquarelli Symonds . Jaro, along Mandurriao,

476-530: A new campus of National University is currently under construction next to SM City Iloilo. Mandurriao is mostly served by jeepneys and white-metered taxis. Tricycles and trisikads are also being used as transportation within the district for shorter distances. The Aleosan Transport Terminal (Hibao-an Terminal) in Hibao-an Norte, Mandurriao serves routes to central Iloilo towns or ALEOSAN ( Alimodian , Leon , San Miguel ) towns, vice versa. In March 2019,

544-475: A new start to global free-trade negotiations while condemning terrorism and other threats to security. APEC also criticised North Korea for conducting a nuclear test and a missile test launch that year, urging the country to take "concrete and effective" steps toward nuclear disarmament . Concerns about nuclear proliferation in the region was discussed in addition to economic topics. The United States and Russia signed an agreement as part of Russia's bid to join

612-560: A proposal to build the current Iloilo Airport outside of the city. In 2007, the new airport in Cabatuan, Iloilo was opened, rendering the old airport in Mandurriao available for privatization. Megaworld Corporation acquired the 72-hectare site of the old airport for ₱1.2 billion (approximately $ 2.5 million) with plans to develop it into Iloilo City's new central business district (CBD), known as Iloilo Business Park . The transformation of

680-748: A specially designed aloha shirt as a gift but were not expected to wear it for the photo. Leaders in Bali, Indonesia at the 2013 conference wore a batik outfit; in China 2014 Tang suit jackets; in the Philippines 2015 barong tagalogs ; in Peru 2016 vicuña wool shawls; in 2017 Vietnamese silk shirts. APEC has been criticised for promoting free trade agreements that would impose restrictions on national and local laws, which regulate and ensure labour rights, environmental protection and safe and affordable access to medicine. According to

748-467: Is home to Santo Niño de Arévalo , the third-oldest Santo Niño figure in the Philippines. It is also home to Camiña Balay nga Bato , a heritage house and a restaurant in the district that was constructed in 1865. The district of Arevalo has 13 barangays . (2020) Lapuz is the geographically smallest and least populous district in Iloilo City. It is considered the gateway to Iloilo City, being

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816-481: Is home to modern large developments in the city, namely Sta. Lucia Land's Green Meadows East township, SM Prime's 48-hectare SM Jaro township, etc. The district of Jaro has a total of 42 barangays . (2020) Molo is the most densely populated district, with a population density of 13,797 people per square kilometer, as well as the second-most populated district. It is famous for its Gothic - Renaissance Molo Church and several old heritage houses, including

884-463: Is known as the birthplace of the popular Filipino noodle soup dish, La Paz Batchoy . The district features the largest district plaza in Iloilo City. It is home to numerous notable institutions in the city, namely, West Visayas State University , Iloilo Science and Technology University , Western Institute of Technology , St. Therese – MTC Colleges , Hua Siong College of Iloilo , etc. The district of La Paz has 25 barangays . (2020) Jaro

952-401: Is known for its modern developments and vibrant nightlife scene. The district is home to several major mixed-use developments, including Iloilo Business Park , Atria Park District , SM Iloilo Complex , Smallville Business Complex , and Gaisano Iloilo City Center. Due to its dynamic environment, Mandurriao is sometimes nicknamed "The District That Never Sleeps" of Iloilo. The name Mandurriao

1020-458: Is known for its modern, large mixed-use developments, such as Megaworld Corporation 's Iloilo Business Park , Ayala Land 's Atria Park District , SM Prime Holdings ' SM Iloilo Complex , Gaisano Group of Companies ' Iloilo City Center, etc., where the majority of the city's high-rise buildings are located. It is also home to many upscale restaurants, bars, nightclubs, hotels, condominiums, and business process outsourcing (BPO) offices, as well as

1088-531: Is more ambitious in scope than the Doha round, which limits itself to reducing trade restrictions. The FTAAP would create a free trade zone that would considerably expand commerce and economic growth in the region. The economic expansion and growth in trade could exceed the expectations of other regional free trade areas such as the ASEAN Plus Three (ASEAN + China, South Korea and Japan). Some criticisms include that

1156-421: Is recognized as one of the highest-level multilateral blocs and oldest forums in the Asia-Pacific region, and exerts significant global influence. The heads of government of all APEC members except Taiwan (which is represented by a ministerial-level official as economic leader ) attend an annual APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting. The location of the meeting rotates annually among the member economies, and

1224-633: Is the largest and most populous district of the city, comprising 35% of the city's total land area and 29% of the city's population. It is the center of faith in the Western Visayas region, being home to the Jaro Metropolitan Cathedral , the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Jaro , the metropolitan see that covers the whole province of Iloilo , as well as Antique , Guimaras , and Negros Occidental . Jaro being

1292-646: The 2001 Leaders' Meeting in Shanghai, APEC leaders pushed for a new round of trade negotiations and support for a program of trade capacity-building assistance, leading to the launch of the Doha Development Agenda a few weeks later. The meeting also endorsed the Shanghai Accord proposed by the United States, emphasising the implementation of open markets, structural reform, and capacity building . As part of

1360-528: The Asia-Pacific region. Following the success of ASEAN 's series of post-ministerial conferences launched in the mid-1980s, APEC started in 1989, in response to the growing interdependence of Asia-Pacific economies and the advent of regional trade blocs in other parts of the world; it aimed to establish new markets for agricultural products and raw materials beyond Europe. Headquartered in Singapore , APEC

1428-486: The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)'s series of post-ministerial conferences, launched in the mid-1980s, had demonstrated the feasibility and value of regular conferences among ministerial-level representatives of both developed and developing economies. By 1986, the post-ministerial conferences had expanded to embrace 12 members (the then six members of ASEAN and its six dialogue partners). The developments led Australian Prime Minister Bob Hawke to believe in

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1496-537: The Bike Capital of the Philippines , there is also a network of the country's longest protected bike lanes that follows the long stretch of Diversion Road that traverses Mandurriao's new business center. The bike lane stretches from Iloilo Esplanade up to Ungka in Jaro. 10°43′N 122°32′E  /  10.717°N 122.533°E  / 10.717; 122.533 Districts of Iloilo City The City of Iloilo

1564-636: The Eusebio Villanueva Building , the Javellana Building, the Aduana Building , etc., which can be found on every major street of the district. Iloilo City Proper has the most barangays in Iloilo City with a total of 45 barangays. City Proper is the second-most densely populated Iloilo City district with a population density of 12,435 people per square kilometer. (2020) La Paz is the city's third-largest district by land area. It

1632-546: The Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board announced the opening of a new Premium Point-to-Point Bus Service in Iloilo City with express bus services from Festive Walk Transport Hub in Iloilo Business Park to Iloilo International , Kalibo International , and Caticlan airports in Cabatuan , Kalibo , and Boracay ( Caticlan, Malay ), respectively. In addition to Iloilo City's being

1700-505: The Pacific Economic Cooperation Council in 1980 and then APEC in 1989. In the wake of the 2006 summit, economist C. Fred Bergsten advocated a Free Trade Agreement of Asia-Pacific, including the United States amongst the proposed parties to any agreement at that time. His ideas convinced the APEC Business Advisory Council to support this concept. Relatedly, ASEAN and existing free trade agreement (FTA) partners negotiated

1768-660: The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), not officially including Russia. The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) without China or Russia involved became the US-promoted trade negotiation in the region. At the APEC summit in Beijing in 2014, the three plans were all in discussion. President Obama hosted a TPP meeting at the US Embassy in Beijing in advance of the APEC gathering. The proposal for

1836-404: The Western Visayas region. All the economic activities in the city have been mainly concentrated in the district since the 19th century; however, in the 21st century, they have slowly shifted to the districts of Mandurriao and Jaro due to a lack of space for new developments in the old City Proper. Iloilo City Proper is known for its late 19th and early 20th century commercial structures, such as

1904-399: The 2011 APEC meeting, U.S. President Barack Obama joked that he looked forward to seeing the leaders dressed in "flowered shirts and grass skirts". After viewing previous photos, and concerned that having the leaders dress in aloha shirts might give the wrong impression during a period of economic austerity, Obama instead decided it might be time to end the tradition. Leaders were given

1972-536: The 2014 APEC summit in Beijing, APEC leaders agreed to launch "a collective strategic study" on the FTAAP and instruct officials to undertake the study, consult stakeholders and report the result by the end of 2016. APEC Executive Director Alan Bollard revealed in the Elite Talk show that FTAAP will be APEC's big goal out into the future. The Trans-Pacific Partnership included 12 of the 21 APEC members and had provisions for

2040-580: The APEC conference, the APCs are funded independently and choose their own research topics. As of December 2018, there are 70 APCs among the member economies. An annual conference is usually held in the host economy for that year. The APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC) was created by the APEC Economic Leaders in November 1995 with the aim of providing advice to the APEC Economic Leaders on ways to achieve

2108-479: The Asia-Pacific region, and outlining business views about priority regional issues. ABAC is also the only non-governmental organisation that is on the official agenda of the APEC Economic Leader's Meeting. Since its formation in 1989, APEC has held annual meetings with representatives from all member economies. The first four annual meetings were attended by ministerial-level officials. Beginning in 1993,

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2176-475: The Bogor Goals and other specific business sector priorities, and to provide the business perspective on specific areas of co-operation. Each economy nominates up to three members from the private sector to ABAC. These business leaders represent a wide range of industry sectors. ABAC provides an annual report to APEC Economic Leaders containing recommendations to improve the business and investment environment in

2244-617: The Iloilo Convention Center was constructed on the former site of the airport's passenger terminal, which had been demolished between 2012 and 2013. The Iloilo Convention Center played a pivotal role in hosting the APEC Finance meetings in the same year, showcasing Iloilo's capacity to host international events. The development of the Iloilo Business Park and the surrounding area in Mandurriao has significantly transformed

2312-652: The Republic of China, participating under the name "Chinese Taipei") alongside People's Republic of China (see Cross-Strait relations ), as well as Hong Kong, which entered APEC as a British colony but it is now a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China . APEC also includes three official observers: ASEAN , the Pacific Islands Forum and the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council . India has requested membership in APEC, and received initial support from

2380-509: The United States, South Korea, Australia, and Papua New Guinea. Officials have decided not to allow India to join for various reasons, including the fact that India does not border the Pacific Ocean, which all current members do. However, India was invited to be an observer for the first time in November 2011. Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Macau , Mongolia, Laos, Cambodia, Costa Rica, Colombia , Panama, and Ecuador, are among

2448-588: The World Trade Organization. The APEC Australia 2007 Leaders' Meeting was held in Sydney from 2–9 September 2007. The political leaders agreed to an "aspirational goal" of a 25% reduction of energy intensity correlative with economic development. Extreme security measures including airborne sharpshooters and extensive steel-and-concrete barricades were deployed against anticipated protesters and potential terrorists. However, protest activities were peaceful and

2516-664: The Yusay-Consing Mansion, more popularly known as the Molo Mansion . Pancit Molo is the district's most popular dish, which is a pork dumpling soup made with wonton wrappers. Molo was known as the Chinese district of Iloilo, which is the area that the Chinese Filipino residents of Iloilo lived in. It is also hailed as the "Athens of the Philippines," being the birthplace of numerous great philosophers and political leaders in

2584-441: The accession of other APEC members, five of which expressed interest in membership. In 1993, APEC Leaders decided to establish a network of APEC Study Centres (APCs) among universities and research institutions in member economies. The purpose is to foster cooperation among tertiary and research institutes of member economies, thus having better academic collaboration on key regional economic challenges. To encourage independence from

2652-581: The accord, the meeting committed to develop and implement APEC transparency standards, reduce trade transaction costs in the Asia-Pacific region by five percent over five years, and pursue trade liberalisation policies relating to information technology goods and services. In 2003, Jemaah Islamiah leader Riduan Isamuddin had planned to attack the APEC Leaders Meeting to be held in Bangkok in October. He

2720-405: The annual meeting rotates among the members. Currently, APEC has 21 members. The criterion for membership, however, is that each member must be an independent economic entity, rather than a sovereign state. As a result, APEC uses the term member economies rather than member countries to refer to its members. One result of this criterion is that membership of the forum includes Taiwan (officially

2788-605: The annual meetings are named APEC Economic Leaders' Meetings and are attended by the heads of government from all member economies except Taiwan, which is represented by a ministerial-level official. In 1997, the APEC meeting was held in Vancouver . Controversy arose after officers of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police used pepper spray against protesters. The protesters objected to the presence of autocratic leaders such as Indonesian president Suharto . At

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2856-410: The area of business facilitation. The APEC Trade Facilitation Action Plan (TFAPI) has contributed to a reduction of 6% in the cost of business transactions across the region between 2002 and 2006. According to APEC's projections, the cost of conducting business transactions will be reduced by another 5% between 2007 and 2010. To this end, a new Trade Facilitation Action Plan has been endorsed. According to

2924-505: The circle. APEC first formally started discussing the concept of a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) at its summit in 2006 in Hanoi. However, the proposal for such an area has been around since at least 1966 and Japanese economist Kiyoshi Kojima  [ ja ] 's proposal for a Pacific Free Trade agreement proposal. While it gained little traction, the idea led to the formation of Pacific Trade and Development Conference and then

2992-559: The city. Mandurriao is home to four major mixed-use development townships , namely Iloilo Business Park , Atria Park District , SM Iloilo Complex , and Iloilo City Center. The developments are located close to each other, forming a central business district (CBD) referred to as the Iloilo Business Triangle or Mandurriao Business District. Mandurriao has the highest concentration of high-rise buildings in Iloilo City. The economic activities in Mandurriao continue to thrive, with

3060-445: The continuous growth of business process outsourcing (BPO) companies, upscale hotels, residential towers, large malls, parks, and offices throughout the district. Mandurriao has several academic institutions. The most notable ones are namely, Ateneo de Iloilo–Santa Maria Catholic School , Iloilo Scholastic Academy , Santa Isabel College of Iloilo City, St. Joseph School, and Mandurriao National High School, among others. Additionally,

3128-466: The country. Molo District is composed of 25 barangays . The barangay of Calumpang in Molo is Iloilo City's most populous barangay, with a population of 15,994 people (2020 census). Molo is also the most densely populated district in Iloilo City, with a population density of 13,797 people per square kilometer. (2020) Mandurriao is the second-largest district by land area and the third-most populous. It

3196-530: The district underwent significant transformation and evolved into a bustling business district. The former fishponds and salt beds have given way to urban development, paving the way for the emergence of the city's new commercial hub. Today, Mandurriao stands as a thriving area with a vibrant mix of residential, commercial, and business establishments. It has become an important center of commerce and economic activity within Iloilo City. The district's urban development has attracted various industries, contributing to

3264-423: The diversion of trade within APEC members would create trade imbalances, market conflicts and complications with nations of other regions. The development of the FTAAP is expected to take many years, involving essential studies, evaluations and negotiations between member economies. It is also affected by the absence of political will and popular agitations and lobbying against free trade in domestic politics. At

3332-479: The former airport site into the Iloilo Business Park has attracted significant investment from prominent companies. Alongside Megaworld Corporation, Ayala Corporation , SM Development Corporation , and Gaisano Group of Companies have also invested in the surrounding area of Mandurriao. This influx of investment has led to the development of commercial and residential projects, including office buildings, shopping centers, hotels, and residential condominiums. In 2015,

3400-485: The growth and prosperity of the city as a whole. Mandurriao Airport was built in 1937 and has served as the gateway to Iloilo. The airport was also used as a World War II airfield. In the 1990s, the Philippine aviation industry liberalized and air travel increased in the country, and problems at Mandurriao Airport began to emerge, prompting the national government as well as the city and provincial government's agreement to

3468-542: The landscape and economic profile of the district. It has become a vibrant center for business, commerce, and leisure, attracting both local and foreign investments while contributing to the overall growth and progress of Iloilo City. Mandurriao hosts a growing Indian community near the Nanak Darbar Indian Sikh Temple where it held the Guinness world record, for simultaneous candle lighting by 100,000 people for

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3536-581: The largest mall in Iloilo, SM City Iloilo . The district of Mandurriao is divided into 18 barangays . (2020) Arevalo is the westernmost and farthest district from Iloilo City Proper. It is well-known for its seafood restaurants along the seashores of Villa Beach , which hosts the Paraw Regatta Festival , annually. The district's parish, the Archdiocesan Shrine of Santo Niño de Arevalo,

3604-403: The leaders dressing to reflect the culture of the host member. The tradition dates to the first such meeting in 1993 when then-U.S. President Bill Clinton insisted on informal attire and gave the leaders leather bomber jackets . At the 2010 meeting, Japan had the leaders dress in smart casual rather than the traditional kimono . Similarly, when Honolulu was selected in 2009 as the site for

3672-676: The location of the Iloilo International Port , the Iloilo Ro-ro (roll-on, roll-off) Port, and the Iloilo Fastcraft Terminal. The district of Lapuz has 12 barangays . (2020) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ( APEC / ˈ eɪ p ɛ k / AY -pek ) is an inter-governmental forum for 21 member economies in the Pacific Rim that promotes free trade throughout

3740-836: The necessity of region-wide co-operation on economic matters. In January 1989, Bob Hawke called for more effective economic co-operation across the Pacific Rim region. This led to the first meeting of APEC in the Australian capital of Canberra in November, chaired by Australian Foreign Affairs Minister Gareth Evans . Attended by ministers from twelve countries, the meeting concluded with commitments to hold future annual meetings in Singapore and South Korea . Ten months later, representatives of 12 Asia-Pacific economies met in Canberra, Australia, to establish APEC. The APEC Secretariat, based in Singapore,

3808-607: The security envelope was penetrated with ease by a spoof diplomatic motorcade manned by members of the Australian television program The Chaser , one of whom was dressed to resemble the Al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden . The APEC Chile 2019 , originally to be held 16–17 November 2019 in Chile, was cancelled due to ongoing protests by sections of its population over inequality, the cost of living and police repression. The 2023 APEC meeting

3876-478: The seventh and youngest district of Iloilo City. Iloilo City is composed of one legislative district, which has been divided into seven administrative districts, each of which consists of barangays. City Proper is the second-most densely populated district and the heart of Iloilo City. It serves as the civic center of the city, housing the seat of the city and provincial government buildings, as well as other local, provincial, and regional government offices of

3944-777: The summit urged the European Union to agree to reduce farm subsidies . In a continuation of the climate information sharing initiative established by the APEC Climate Network working group, it was decided by the leaders to install the APEC Climate Center in Busan. Peaceful protests against APEC were staged in Busan, but the meeting schedule was not affected. At the Leaders' Meeting held on 19 November 2006 in Hanoi , APEC leaders called for

4012-477: The west and Pavia to the north. Mandurriao is the only district in Iloilo City without access to the Iloilo Strait . The district of Mandurriao has a total of 18 barangays. Mandurriao, serves as a hub for trade, commerce, finance, real estate , and business process outsourcing in Iloilo City, along with Iloilo City Proper. Mandurriao has experienced rapid development, becoming the fastest-growing district in

4080-423: The world peace. Mandurriao is the second-largest district in Iloilo City, covering 13.78 square kilometres (5.32 sq mi). It is 4.77 kilometres (2.96 mi) away from Iloilo City Proper . Mandurriao is bordered by the districts of Jaro to the northeast, La Paz to the east, City Proper to the southeast, Molo to the south, and Arevalo to the southwest. It also connects with the municipalities of Oton to

4148-756: Was agreed to be established in 1996. In April 2001, APEC, in collaboration with five other international organisations ( Eurostat , International Energy Agency , Organización Latinoamericana de Energía (OLADE)  [ es ] , Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and the United Nations Statistics Division ) launched the Joint Oil Data Exercise, which in 2005 became the Joint Organisations Data Initiative (JODI). The location of

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4216-415: Was captured in the city of Ayutthaya , Thailand by Thai police on 11 August 2003, before he could finish planning the attack. Chile became the first South American nation to host the Leaders' Meeting in 2004. The agenda of that year was focused on terrorism and commerce, small and medium enterprise development, and contemplation of free agreements and regional trade agreements. The 2005 Leaders' Meeting

4284-412: Was derived from the names of two crocodiles fighting named Mandu and Riao during the exploration of the Spaniards in Iloilo. The names of the crocodiles were originally from two now-defunct lakes also named Mandu and Riao , where the two crocodiles' habitats are, respectively. It later formed in the minds of the people that the place was called Mandurriao . Eventually, the letter "r" in Mandu-Riao

4352-501: Was established to co-ordinate the activities of the organisation. During the 1994 meeting in Bogor , Indonesia, APEC leaders adopted the Bogor Goals , which aimed for free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific by 2010 for industrialised economies and by 2020 for developing economies. During the November 1995 Ministerial Meeting in Osaka, Japan, a business advisory body named the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC) composed of three business executives from each member-country

4420-412: Was held in Busan , South Korea. The meeting focused on the Doha round of World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations, leading up to the WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 held in Hong Kong in December. Weeks earlier, trade negotiations in Paris were held between several WTO members, including the United States and the European Union , centred on reducing agricultural trade barriers . APEC leaders at

4488-420: Was notable for a lack of consensuses of group members on their stance over the Russia–Ukraine and Israel–Hamas conflicts as well as consensus for WTO reforms. The meeting between Biden and Xi was also seen as significant in terms of reducing tensions between the US and China. At the end of the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, the leaders gather for the official APEC Leaders' Family Photo. A tradition has

4556-443: Was originally referred to only as what is now known as Iloilo City Proper until July 16, 1937, when the surrounding municipalities of Arevalo, La Paz, Mandurriao, and Molo were consolidated with the city after it was re-chartered by the American government . The city of Jaro followed suit and was absorbed into Iloilo City on January 7, 1941. The sub-district of Lapuz became a separate district from La Paz on December 17, 2008, making it

4624-465: Was replaced with "rr". For the Spaniards, having an "rr" in a word brought further beauty and character. Mandurriao was founded in 1726. Originally a municipality in its own right, it became part of Iloilo City on July 16, 1937, along with the former towns of Arevalo , La Paz , and Molo under Act No. 719 of 1903. Initially, Mandurriao was predominantly a residential and agricultural district, known for its fishponds and salt beds. However, over time,

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