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20-682: The Mandandanji occupied 15,400 square miles (40,000 km) of tribal territory, which took in the Maranoa and Balonne rivers north of St. George . Their western extension reached as far Bollon and Wallam Creek . Their northern frontier was around Donnybrook, Orallo and Yuleba . Their eastern flank was formed by Alton and Glenmorgan . Mitchell , Roma and Surat all lay within Mandandanji territory. The Mandandanji were divided into groups . The Mandandanji put up considerable resistance to white colonial encroachments on their land. They were led by

40-418: A chorus which chanted a commentary on the sequence of mimed events, one consisting in repeating the lines fed to them by Bussamarai, who orchestrated the event . The action unfolded to the rhythmic thumping of a sack of earth with sticks, to maintain the tempo. Lang then describes the three acts the tribe stage-managed. The first act of the corroboree was the representation of a herd of cattle, feeding out of

60-486: A deep line , with a fortified centre. The thinner flanks or wings were so deployed that any whites charging on horseback could not sight and dodge the spears thrown at them, compelling them to retreat. If the cavalry rallied back, he would have the wings of his troops fold back in to the core group of fighters. Bussamarai had also managed to form a coalition with 5 neighbouring tribes, and many outback stations had to be abandoned. The story of their struggles and defeat has been

80-431: A leader, Bussamarai , who was later singled out by the settler Gideon Lang as one of the cleverest Aborigines he had heard of, versatile, an orator of distinction, diplomat and warrior by turns as the occasion demanded. Known also as Eaglehawk, he developed battle tactics worthy of a general that created setbacks for the whites on several occasions of confrontation. These consisted in mustering large numbers of warriors in

100-447: A lull in the skirmishing, Bussamarai convened 500 members from his tribal amphictyony near Surat, in order to perform an unprecedented public corroboree before the local commissioner and other settlers. The scenography for the performance, conducted under moonlight, was established by setting the stage within the clearing of an open glade, 200 yards in diameter, which was girdled by thick stands of timber. About 100 women formed into

120-463: Is suede -like, less plush than velour and more like felt or chamois . The word is also used for clothing made from this fabric. Clothing made from moleskin is noted for its softness and durability. Some variants of the cloth are so densely woven as to be windproof. Its name is due to the soft brushed hand of the fabric, similar to mole fur. Though mole pelts have been used to make fur clothing, they are not referred to as "moleskin". Moleskin

140-522: Is also a term for soft, dense adhesive pads stuck to the skin to prevent blisters . Moleskin is woven of carded cotton yarn in a dense weft -faced satin weave. The surface is napped or shorn to "produce a suede-like finish". Moleskin fabric is commonly used to make trousers , also referred to as "moleskins", that are similar to jeans in terms of cut and construction. They similarly started as working menswear, but are now also much more widely worn. Moleskin-like fabric with an adhesive backing

160-428: Is needed in these types of productions, it can be worn underneath a layer or layers of the singer's clothing. This would normally cause the microphone to pick up the unwanted noises of the singer's clothing rubbing up against the body and top of the lavalier. Attaching a small strip of moleskin around the microphone body will dramatically reduce the amount of noise created by the singer's clothing and, consequently, reduces

180-407: Is used to prevent or treat blisters , cut with a hole in the centre to provide relief to the affected skin. The thickness of the surrounding moleskin further protects the blister from additional friction. Medical moleskin-like fabric with adhesive backing is also commonly used in video and/or audio productions when using a lavalier microphone . When further concealment of a lavalier microphone

200-706: The Balonne River north of St George. The Balonne eventually flows into the Darling River (via a few branches), so it contributes to the Murray-Darling Basin. From source to mouth , the Maranoa is joined by 31 tributaries including the Merivale River and descends 366 metres (1,201 ft) over its 519-kilometre (322 mi) course . The Warrego Highway crosses the river at Mitchell. The Neil Turner Weir

220-616: The confluence of the west and east branches of the river, the Maranoa River rises on the Consuelo Tableland in the Carnarvon National Park . The valleys in the river's catchment area are broad rather than gorge -like as in the nearby Carnarvon Gorge , with isolated bluffs and pillars of sandstone on sandy plains. The Maranoa passes through Mitchell and flows south towards St George . The river reaches its confluence with

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240-461: The amount of unwanted noise picked up by the lavalier microphone. West German army uniforms from the 1960s until the early 1990s were made of "moleskin" fabric in a greyish olive-drab colour, but the German moleskin was not shorn and thus had a flat, smooth outer side. Nonetheless, it was a tough, densely woven material, strongly resistant to wind and abrasion. Military snipers occasionally wrap

260-462: The forest and camping on the plain, the black performers being painted accordingly. The imitation was most skillful, the action and attitude of every individual member of the entire herd being ludicrously exact. Some lay down and chewed the cud, others stood scratching themselves with hind feet or horns, licking themselves or their calves; several rubbing their heads against each other in bucolic friendliness. The second act then began: A party of blacks

280-432: The most minute exactness. The third and final act consisted of a pitched battle between the marauding Aborigines and the stock owners. It began: with the sound of horses galloping through the timber, followed by the appearance of a party of whites on horseback, remarkably well got up. The face was painted whity brown, with an imitation of the cabbage-tree hat ; the bodies were painted, some blue and others red, to represent

300-459: The object of an intensive study by Patrick Collins. Eventually, already in this early period, the Mandandanji melded in with the Kunggari and these two were, in reports, often confused. The missionary William Ridley travelled through the district of Surat in 1855, found the natives quick at learning, and friendly, though guards were required since the area was still considered dangerous. During

320-433: The shirts: below the waist was a resemblance of the moleskin trousers , the legs being covered with reeds, tied all round, to imitate the hide leggings worn in that district as a protection against the brigalow scrub . These manufactured whites at once wheeled to the right, fired, and drove the blacks before them! the latter soon rallied, however, and a desperate fight ensued, the blacks extending their flanks and driving back

340-524: The whites were ignominiously driven from the field, amidst the frantic delight of the natives, while Eaglehawk worked himself into such a violent state of excitement that at one time the play seemed likely to terminate in a real and deadly fight. Maranoa River The Maranoa River , part of the Murray-Darling basin , is a river situated in South West Queensland , Australia. Formed by

360-407: The whites. The fictitious white men bit the cartridges, put on the caps, and went through all the forms of loading, firing, wheeling their horses, assisting each other, &c., with an exactness which proved personal observation. The native spectators groaned whenever a black-fellow fell, but cheered lustily when a white bit the dust; and at length, after the ground had been fought over and over again,

380-512: Was built on the river in 1984. It provides limited supplies for irrigation purposes. It also regulates streamflow and has recreational uses. Major flooding on the river occurred in 1990. A number of Australian folksongs (such as Sandy Maranoa and The Maranoa Drovers ) refer to this river. Moleskin Moleskin is a heavy cotton fabric , woven and then shorn to create a short, soft pile on one side. The feel and appearance of its nap

400-436: Was seen creeping towards the cattle, taking all the usual precautions, such as keeping to windward, in order to prevent the herd from being alarmed. They got up close to the cattle at last, and speared two head, to the intense delight of the black spectators, who applauded rapturously. The hunters next went through the various operations of skinning, cutting up, and carrying away the pieces, the whole process being carried out with

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