Misplaced Pages

#304695

34-596: The strategic importance of the location of Maizuru and its potential for development into a military port for operations in the Sea of Japan towards Korea , Russia and even China was recognized early by the Imperial Japanese Navy. During the administrative re-organization of the navy in 1889, Maizuru was designated as the headquarters of the Fourth Naval District ( 第四海軍区 , dai-yon kaigunku ), and its harbor

68-659: A circular-type kofun  [ ja ] . Famous examples include Hokenoyama Kofun in the Makimuku ruins , dated to around 250 AD, and Nyotaizan Kofun . Octagonal Kofun  [ ja ] ( 八角墳 , hakkaku-fun ) are a very rare kind of kofun characteristic of Emperors. Many Japanese Emperors were buried in them including Empress Kōgyoku in Kengoshizuka Kofun , Emperor Tenji in his Mausoleum , and Emperor Jomei in Dannozuka Kofun From

102-604: A unicameral city council of 26 members. Maizuru contributes two members to the Kyoto Prefectural Assembly . In terms of national politics, the city is part of Kyoto 5th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . Maizuru has a mixed economy, with commerce, agriculture, forestry, tourism and commercial fishing all playing major roles. Industry, centered on wood processing and shipbuilding , have declined severely due to overseas competition, but Japan Marine United ,

136-419: A circular one. They tend to be smaller than Zenpokoenfun . Yanaida Nunōyama Kofun is one of the largest of the type . There is a specific style exemplified by Yadani Kofun and Jinyama Tumulus Cluster and Rokuji Kozuka Kofun and Tomisaki Kofungun of Ōzuka-Senbōyama Sites as yosumi-tosshutsugata ( 四隅突出形 ) , which is square or rectangular, with protrusions on each of its four corners; however, it

170-707: A large shipbuilding corporation, has one of its main shipyards in Maizuru. Maizuru has 20 public elementary schools and seven public middle schools operated by the town government and two public high schools operated by the Kyoto Prefectural Department of Education. There is also one private high school. The community previously had a North Korean school , Maizuru Korean Elementary and Junior High School ( 舞鶴朝鮮初中級学校 ). [REDACTED] JR West – Maizuru Line [REDACTED] JR West – Obama Line [REDACTED] Kyoto Tango Railway – Miyazu Line Maizuru

204-426: A round mound and lacks the square segment. {{Ill| Square kofun (方墳, hōfun) are a kind of kofun that possesses only a square mound and lacks the round segment. They are typically relatively smaller than the other shapes of mounded tombs. Scallop Kofun  [ ja ] is a kind of kofun defined by a circular body with a small part extending. This can make it an interrmediate between a Keyhole-shaped kofun and

238-534: Is Daisen Kofun in Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture . The funeral chamber was located beneath the round part and comprised a group of megaliths. In 1972, the unlooted Takamatsuzuka Tomb was found in Asuka , and some details of the discovery were revealed. Inside the tightly assembled rocks, white lime plasters were pasted, and colored pictures depict the 'Asuka Beauties' of the court as well as constellations. A stone coffin

272-522: Is a city in Kyoto Prefecture , Japan . As of 28 February 2022 , the city had an estimated population of 78,644 in 34817 households and a population density of 230 persons per km². The total area of the city is 342.13 square kilometres (132.10 sq mi). Maizuru is located in northern Kyoto Prefecture, facing scenic Maizuru Bay on the Sea of Japan to the north and Fukui Prefecture to

306-603: Is dotted with sightseeing spots. There is Maizuru Repatriation Memorial Museum, a commemorative hall which documents the return of half a million servicemen and detainees from Soviet internment , and an observatory which overlooks the Rias seashore of the Maizuru Bay. Kofun Kofun ( 古墳 , from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia . Kofun were mainly constructed in

340-575: Is generally assumed to be evidence of the Yamato court's expansion in this age. However, some argue that it simply shows the spread of culture based on progress in distribution, and has little to do with a political breakthrough. A few tombs from the mid-Baekje era were excavated around the Yeongsan River basin in South Korea. The design of these tombs are notably different. The tombs that were discovered on

374-641: Is most prevalent in western Japan in areas influenced by the Izumo culture . Joenkahofun  [ ja ] ( 上円下方墳 ) is a rare kind of kofun with a round dome top and a square bottom. They are associated with the Asuka Period . Musashi Fuchū Kumano Jinja Kofun in Fuchū in Tokyo and Miyazuka Kofun are two notable examples. Corridor-type kofun  [ ja ] ( 横穴式石室 , yokoana-shiki sekishitsu ) are

SECTION 10

#1732855878305

408-588: Is not specified. For example, in the Mozu kofun group, in Sakai, several of the circular parts are facing north, while other face east. However, there is no such formation in the Yanagimoto kofun group. Haniwa , terracotta figures, were arrayed above and in the surroundings to delimit and protect the sacred areas. Kofun range from several metres to over 400 m long. The largest, which has been attributed to Emperor Nintoku ,

442-682: Is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List . The kofun tumuli have assumed various shapes throughout history. The most common type of kofun is known as a zenpō-kōen-fun ( 前方後円墳 ) , which is shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above. There are also circular-type ( empun  [ ja ] ( 円墳 ) ), "two conjoined rectangles" typed ( zenpō-kōhō-fun  [ ja ] ( 前方後方墳 ) ), and square-type ( hōfun  [ ja ] ( 方墳 ) ) kofun. Orientation of kofun

476-406: Is unique in that it is not a true rectangle, but has a narrow waist, similar to a "two conjoined rectangles" type ( zenpō-kōhō-fun  [ ja ] ( 前方後方墳 ) ). The slope of the mound is covered with fukiishi -like stones, with a row of larger stones marking its edge, and is surrounded by a two-meter wide moat. The yosumi-tosshutsugata style is unique to the late middle Yayoi period and

510-454: The Battle of Sekigahara , Tokugawa Ieyasu awarded the entire province of Tango to Kyōgoku Takatomo , who established Miyazu Domain . To ensure the succession of his line, Kyōgoku Takatomo gave 35,000 koku of his holdings to his third son, Kyōgoku Takamitsu, and established a cadet branch of the clan at Tango-Tanabe Domain , based at Maizuru Castle. The Kyōgoku were replaced by a cadet branch of

544-610: The Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD. The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period , which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds ( zempō-kōen fun ( 前方後円墳 ) ). The Mozu - Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun

578-640: The Makino clan ,who ruled until the Meiji restoration in 1871. The town of Maizuru was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. The same year, the Maizuru Naval District was created and the associated Maizuru Naval Arsenal for ship basing, construction, and repair was created in 1901. In the Russo-Japanese War , many warships were based there, due to its proximity to

612-544: The Sea of Japan . Maizuru was raised to city status on August 1, 1938. After the Second World War, Maizuru was a key port for returning Japanese servicemen and detainees from continental Asia for over 13 years. Today, JMSDF Maizuru Naval Base is a key district headquarters for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force . Maizuru has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and

646-469: The Korean peninsula were built between the 5th and 6th centuries CE. There remain questions about who were buried in these tombs such as nobility, aristocracy, warriors or mercenaries. Keyhole-shaped kofun disappeared in the late 6th century AD, probably due to the drastic reformation in the Yamato court. Nihon Shoki records the introduction of Buddhism during this era, which led to cremation becoming

680-564: The Nara Basin. Hashihaka Kofun , which was built in the middle of the 3rd century AD, is 280 metres long and 30 metres high. Its scale is obviously different from previous Yayoi tombs. During the next three decades, about 10 kofun were built in the area. They are now known as the Makimuku Kofun Group . A wooden coffin was placed on the bottom of a shaft, and the surrounding walls were built up by flat stones. Finally, megalithic stones formed

714-575: The east. Fukui Prefecture Kyoto Prefecture Like Toyooka in Hyōgo Prefecture , Maizuru has a climate resembling the Hokuriku region rather than the rest of Kansai, though it is less wet than other Hokuriku towns during the late autumn and winter because its location on a deep inlet means the northerly winds driven by the Siberian High and Aleutian Low do not produce as much rain and/or snow. In

SECTION 20

#1732855878305

748-410: The end of the 6th century to the beginning of the 7th, the tumuli of the monarchs changed from square hōfun tumuli  [ ja ] to octagonal hakkaku-fun  [ ja ] tumuli. zenpō-kōhō-fun  [ ja ] ( 前方後方墳 , two conjoined rectangles kofun) is a kind of kofun shaped somewhat like the more keyhole shaped Zenpokoenfun , but they have a square body rather than

782-567: The military port. Although Maizuru was one of the largest military shipyards in Japan (specializing in destroyer construction), the Washington Naval Treaty of 1923 also considerably reduced the demand for warship construction, and its facilities were largely mothballed until 1936. With the Pacific War , Maizuru was reactivated as a recruiting, training, and logistical support district. It

816-561: The most of all prefectures (16,577 sites), and Chiba Prefecture has the second most (13,112 sites). Most of the tombs of chiefs in the Yayoi period were square-shaped mounds surrounded by ditches. The most notable example in the late Yayoi period is Tatetsuki Mound Tomb in Kurashiki, Okayama . The mound is about 45 metres wide and 5 metres high and has a shaft chamber. Broken pieces of Tokushu-kidai , cylindrical earthenware, were excavated around

850-505: The mound. Another prevalent type of Yayoi period tomb is the Yosumi tosshutsugata funkyūbo , a square mound with protruding corners. These tombs were built in the San'in region , a coastal area off the Sea of Japan. Unearthed articles indicate the existence of alliances between native tribes in the region. One of the first keyhole-shaped kofun was built in the Makimuku area, the southeastern part of

884-461: The mountainous terrain around Maizuru port proved an impediment to expansion, and the area languished as somewhat of a backwater. This continued even through the Russo-Japanese War , despite Maizuru's more convenient location to the center of that conflict. In the post-war period, with Korea in Japanese hands, and the threats from Russia and China very much diminished, there were discussions about closing

918-413: The primary funerary means of the nobility. Keyhole Kofun, or Zenpokoenfun , are a notable type of Japanese ancient tomb consisting of a square front part ( 前方部 ) and a circular back part ( 後円部 ). The part connecting the two is called the middle part ( くびれ部 ), which looks like a keyhole when viewed from above. Round Kofun  [ ja ] (円墳, enpun ) are a kind of kofun that possesses only

952-551: The roof. Bronze mirrors , iron swords, magatama , clay vessels and other artifacts were found in good condition in undisturbed tombs. Some scholars assume that the person buried in the Hashihaka kofun was the shadowy ancient Queen Himiko of Yamataikoku , mentioned in Chinese historical texts. According to these texts, Japan was called Wa , and was a confederation of numerous small tribes or countries. The construction of gigantic kofun

986-520: The summer, however, Maizuru can be extremely oppressive as the intense radiation creates extreme humidity around the bay: on August 13, 1994 the town recorded a minimum temperature of 29 °C (84.2 °F). Per Japanese census data, the population of Maizuru has declined gradually over the past 30 years. The area of Maizuru has been inhabited since prehistoric times, and numerous traces of Jomon and Yayoi period settlements have been discovered by archaeologists. The Yura River valley in particular

1020-678: Was also a base for one of Japan's Special Naval Landing Forces , and a Naval Air Station. Maizuru was also the location of the Imperial Japanese Navy Engineering Academy. The area today is occupied in part by facilities of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force , which has preserved a portion of the original red-brick gates and a couple of buildings as commemorative museums. Admiral (after 7 August 1908) Admiral (after 1 December 1910) Maizuru, Kyoto Maizuru ( 舞鶴市 , Maizuru-shi )

1054-652: Was densely populated, and many kofun burial mounds have been found. The area became part of Tango Province in the Nara period . During the Muromachi period , the Isshiki clan ruled as shugo of the province, but were replaced in the Sengoku period with the Hosokawa clan , who constructed Tanabe Castle , whose nickname "Maizuru Castle" was later adopted as the name of the city. Following

Maizuru Naval District - Misplaced Pages Continue

1088-528: Was dredged, a breakwater constructed and docking facilities for warships established. With the First Sino-Japanese War , the port was fortified with the addition of heavy coastal artillery . However, the naval bases at Sasebo and Kure were geographically more convenient for the navy during the war, and received the bulk of the navy's attention and funding. Although naval repair facilities and shipyards Maizuru Naval Arsenal were opened in 1903,

1122-494: Was placed in the chamber, and accessories, swords, and bronze mirrors were laid both inside and outside the coffin. The wall paintings have been designated national treasures and the grave goods as important cultural property , while the tumulus is a special historic site . Kofun burial mounds and their remains have been found all over Japan, including remote islands such as Nishinoshima . A total of 161,560 kofun tomb sites have been found as of 2001. Hyōgo Prefecture has

1156-641: Was the result of the relatively centralized governmental structure in the Nara Basin, possibly the origin of the Yamato polity and the Imperial lineage of Japan. During the 5th century AD, the construction of keyhole kofun began in Yamato Province ; continued in Kawachi, where gigantic kofun, such as Daisen Kofun of the Emperor Nintoku , were built; and then throughout the country. The proliferation of keyhole kofun

#304695