42-568: MMC may stand for: Construction [ edit ] Modern methods of construction (MMC, such as Modular, Volumetric or Panelised Construction) Business [ edit ] MADE Modular Consultants , Specialist Construction Consultancy, part of MADE Global Works Group Mail.com Media Corp. , a former name of the US digital media company PMC Marsh & McLennan Companies , an American-based global professional services firm Master Municipal Clerk,
84-592: A 3-axle double-decker bus manufactured by Alexander Dennis Madhavaram Milk Colony , a neighbourhood in northern part of the city Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Member of the Magic Circle, initials used after one's name to denote membership to The Magic Circle Manang Marsyangdi Club , a leading football club in Nepal Matara Municipal Council , the local council for Matara, Sri Lanka Maximum material condition Member of Municipal Council ,
126-572: A DNA crosslinker used in cancer treatment as an anti-tumour antibiotic chemotherapeutic agent Modernising Medical Careers , covering the changes to post-graduate medical training in the United Kingdom Myelomeningocele , a kind of Spina bifida congenital defect of the spine Hospitals and medical colleges [ edit ] Mackay Medical College , a medical college in New Taipei City, Taiwan Madras Medical College ,
168-510: A Modern Methods of Construction working group was established by the UK's Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) to develop a definition framework. With inputs from Build Offsite , Homes England , National House Building Council (NHBC) and Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS), the Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) framework definition was published in 2019. It
210-668: A Multimedia Center of the Zagreb University Referral Center MultiMedia Commands , a multimedia command set for computer storage buses MultiMedia controller, such as the eMMC MultiMediaCard , a solid state disk or flash memory data storage device Malicious mobile code , malware Education [ edit ] Martin Methodist College , a private, liberal arts college located in Pulaski, Tennessee, U.S. Marymount Manhattan College ,
252-433: A certification in the US for a municipal clerk Material Móvil y Construcciones (MMC), a predecessor company to Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles MMC Corporation Berhad , a Malaysian investment holding company MMC Norilsk Nickel (Nornickel), a Russian mining and smelting company MMC Ventures , a UK venture capital firm that has funded companies such as Boticca Monopolies and Mergers Commission ,
294-416: A former British car manufacturing company Minor model change, another term for an automotive facelift Other uses [ edit ] 4-MMC (4-Methylmethcathinone), a stimulant drug Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC , a single-decker city bus manufactured by Alexander Dennis Alexander Dennis Enviro400 MMC , a 2-axle bus model manufactured by Alexander Dennis Alexander Dennis Enviro500 MMC ,
336-613: A further £30m in September 2021. Despite a further fund-raising round, raising £100m in December 2022, Ilke Homes went into administration on 30 June 2023, with most of the company's 1,150 staff made redundant, and creditors owed £320m, including £68m owed to Homes England. L&G Modular Homes halted production in May 2023, blaming planning delays and the COVID-19 pandemic for its failure, with
378-782: A hospital in Springfield, Illinois, U.S. MetroWest Medical Center , a teaching hospital in Framingham, Massachusetts, U.S. Metropolitan Medical Center , a tertiary hospital in Tondo, Manila, Philippines Monash Medical Centre , a tertiary hospital in Clayton, Victoria, Australia Montefiore Medical Center , a hospital in the Bronx, New York, U.S. Muhammad Medical College , a medical college in Mirpurkhas, Sindh, Pakistan Mymensingh Medical College ,
420-537: A journal The Roman numerals for 2100 A US Navy hull classification symbol: Coastal minelayer (MMC) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title MMC . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MMC&oldid=1214344311 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
462-541: A liberal arts college located in Manhattan, U.S. Miles Macdonell Collegiate , a high school in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Medicine [ edit ] The Marine Mammal Center , an institution for marine mammal research and medicine Medical male circumcision Methenmadinone caproate , a progestin that was never marketed Migrating motor complex , a cleaning reflex of the gastrointestinal tract Mitomycin C ,
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#1732851181237504-760: A medical college in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Magadh Medical College , a medical college in Gaya, India Maine Medical Center , a hospital in Portland, Maine, U.S. Makati Medical Center , a tertiary hospital in Makati, Philippines Medicaid managed care , managed care organizations (MCOs) that accept a set payment – “capitation” – for these services Meharry Medical College , a medical college in North Nashville, Tennessee, U.S. Memorial Medical Center (Springfield, Illinois) ,
546-454: A medical college in Mymensingh, Bangladesh Transport [ edit ] Mitsubishi Motors Corporation , a Japanese automobile company Merchant Mariner Credential , a professional qualification document for those in the maritime industry Moore Market Complex , a terminus in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Morgan Motor Company , a British car manufacturing company Morris Motors ,
588-654: A member of municipal councils in Sri Lanka Metal matrix composite , a type of composite material with fibers dispersed in a metallic matrix Mickey Mouse Club , a long-running children's variety television series Mini Magellanic Cloud , a separated section of the Small Magellanic Cloud galaxy Manbij Military Council , a military council established by the Syrian Democratic Forces Modular Multi-Level Converter ,
630-482: A modern approach, some of its processes - notably prefabrication, but also standardisation of components - were extensively deployed during the 20th century. MMC, particularly in the UK, has been challenging to implement due to the volatility of the UK housing market, while the increasingly globalised nature of the supply chain for products such as panelised cladding systems also creates issues - for example, concerns about working conditions in remote off-site factories, and
672-571: A petition was filed by Harworth, a Yorkshire based property developer, but settled out of court. Also in August 2024, housebuilder Persimmon wrote off a £25m investment in TopHat it made in 2023, due to "a re-assessment of risks within the modular build sector". In October 2024, having accumulated a loss of around £87m since 2016, TopHat confirmed it was winding down its Derby factory operations, with most staff being made redundant. In January 2024, following
714-424: A small mushroom with its stem attached to the inner lining of an organ) located above the ureteropelvic junction. Subjects received mitomycin gel once a week (mitomycin gel 4 mg per mL instillations via ureteral catheter or nephrostomy tube) for six weeks and, if assessed as a complete response (complete disappearance of the papillary tumor), monthly for up to eleven additional months. Efficacy of mitomycin gel
756-423: A sort of power electronics converter Mongols Motorcycle Club , an international outlaw motorcycle club Monopoly Millionaires Club , a defunct American lottery game Moving Micro Cross , a cartridge type developed by Bang & Olufsen to replace ceramic pickups in high fidelity systems Multi-member constituency, part of an election system; see Electoral district Museum Management and Curatorship ,
798-613: A special series of microprocessors designed to expand the capabilities of certain games for the Nintendo Entertainment System Microsoft Management Console , a framework for system administration tools in modern Microsoft Windows operating systems MIDI Machine Control , part of the MIDI specification Mobile-to-mobile convergence , a technology used to handle wireless traffic in telephony and computer networks Multimedia Center, Zagreb, Croatia ,
840-618: Is a cancer of the lining of the urinary system. Mitomycin is also used as a chemotherapeutic agent in glaucoma surgery. Pregnant women should not take mitomycin gel because it may cause harm to a developing fetus or newborn baby. It causes delayed bone marrow toxicity and therefore it is usually administered at 6-weekly intervals. Prolonged use may result in permanent bone-marrow damage. It may also cause lung fibrosis and renal damage . Anticancer treatments with chemotherapeutic agents often impair brain cell function leading to memory loss and cognitive dysfunction . In order to understand
882-421: Is accomplished by reductive activation of mitomycin to form a mitosene , which reacts successively via N - alkylation of two DNA bases. Both alkylations are sequence specific for a guanine nucleoside in the sequence 5'-CpG-3'. Mitomycin gel is an alkylating drug, meaning it inhibits the transcription of DNA into RNA, stopping protein synthesis and taking away the cancer cell's ability to multiply. Mitomycin
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#1732851181237924-460: Is cancers, particularly bladder cancers and intraperitoneal tumours. It is now well known that a single instillation of this agent within 6 hours of bladder tumor resection can prevent recurrence. The second is in eye surgery where mitomycin C 0.02% is applied topically to prevent scarring during glaucoma filtering surgery and to prevent haze after PRK or LASIK ; mitomycin C has also been shown to reduce fibrosis in strabismus surgery . The third
966-1015: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Modern methods of construction Modern methods of construction (MMC) is a term used mainly in the UK construction industry to refer to "smart construction" processes designed to improve upon traditional design and construction approaches by focusing on (among other things) component and process standardisation, design for manufacture and assembly ( DfMA ), prefabrication , preassembly , off-site manufacture (including modular building ) and onsite innovations such as additive manufacture ( 3D printing ). While such modern approaches may be applied to infrastructure works (bridges, tunnels, etc.) and to commercial or industrial buildings, MMC has become particularly associated with construction of residential housing. However, several specialist housing businesses established to target this market did not become commercially viable. The MMC term started to enter common industry use in
1008-456: Is in esophageal and tracheal stenosis where application of mitomycin C onto the mucosa immediately following dilatation will decrease re-stenosis by decreasing the production of fibroblasts and scar tissue. In April 2020, mitomycin gel, sold under the brand name Jelmyto , was approved in the United States for the treatment of low-grade upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC). Urothelial cancer
1050-650: The 2010s, as government backing (including via Homes England ) for MMC grew, several UK companies (for example, Ilke Homes , L&G Modular Homes , House by Urban Splash , Modulous, Lighthouse and TopHat) were established to develop modular homes as an alternative to traditionally-built residences. From its Knaresborough , Yorkshire factory (opened in 2018, closed in 2023), Ilke Homes delivered two- and three-bedroom 'modular' homes that could be erected in 36 hours. Homes England invested £30m in Ilke Homes in November 2019, and
1092-840: The 2017 Transforming Infrastructure Performance from the Infrastructure and Projects Authority (IPA), the 2019 Construction Sector Deal , the Construction Playbook (2020, 2022), and the IPA's 2021 TIP Roadmap to 2030 . The 2022 Playbook and TIP Roadmap also encouraged procurement of construction projects based on product 'platforms' ("Platform Design for Manufacture and Assembly, PDfMA") comprising kits of parts, production processes, knowledge, people and relationships required to deliver all or part of construction projects. The UK Government has also invested in MMC initiatives and businesses. During
1134-526: The IPA's Transforming Infrastructure Performance committed the government to "smart construction, using modern methods, including offsite manufacture". It said: "Smart construction (or 'modern methods of construction') offers the opportunity to transition from traditional construction to manufacturing, and unlock the benefits from standard, repeatable processes with components manufactured offsite." Recognising that terms such as MMC, prefabrication and off-site construction were prone to different interpretations,
1176-722: The Movement for Innovation (M4I) and the Construction Best Practice Programme (CBBP). However, the emergence of some non-traditional methods substantially predated Egan's report; procurement of prefabricated homes , for example, was a UK government response to housing shortages after both World Wars, the CLASP created prefabricated schools in the late 1950s, and the 1964-1970 Labour government engaged in an "Industrialised Building Drive". MMC has been repeatedly advocated in UK government construction strategy statements including
1218-571: The basis of these impairments, mice were treated with mitomycin C, a chemotherapeutic agent, and cells of the prefrontal cortex were examined. This treatment resulted in an increase of the oxidative DNA damage 8-oxo-dG , a decrease in the enzyme OGG1 that ordinarily repairs such damage and epigenetic alterations . These alterations at the DNA level may explain, at least in part, the impairments of cognitive function after chemotherapy. Common side effects are ureteric obstruction (narrowing or blockage of
1260-402: The de-skilling impacts on traditional capabilities in local communities. Moreover, re-classifying activities as manufacturing rather than construction would also materially impact the headline labour productivity of the construction sector. Also "Off-site factories are essentially transient entities. There is hence no guarantee they will be able to supply replacement components in the future. And
1302-520: The early 2000s following the publication of the Egan Report , Rethinking Construction , in November 1998. An industry task force chaired by Sir John Egan , produced an influential report on the UK construction industry , which did much to drive efficiency improvements in UK construction industry practice during the early years of the 21st century, with its recommendations implemented through initiatives including
MMC - Misplaced Pages Continue
1344-733: The effect of mitomycin gel in subjects with a complete response was also evaluated using urine cytology, ureteroscopy and biopsy (if warranted) every three months for a year following the initiation of therapy. Nineteen subjects (46%) who achieved a complete response continued to have a complete response at the twelve-month mark. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted the application for mitomycin gel priority review along with breakthrough therapy , fast track , and orphan drug designations. The FDA granted approval of Jelmyto to UroGen Pharma, Inc. Potential bis-alkylating heterocyclic quinones were synthesised in order to explore their antitumoral activities by bioreductive alkylation. In
1386-499: The enterprise incurring total losses over seven years of £295m. In November 2023, Homes England loaned £15m to TopHat, another loss-making MMC housebuilder, to fund construction of a factory in Corby ; in March 2024, the factory's opening was postponed and the company announced 70 redundancies. MD Andrew Shepherd left TopHat in May 2024. In August 2024, TopHat faced a winding-up hearing after
1428-639: The former name of the British Competition Commission MyMajorCompany , a fan-funded music label based in the United Kingdom and France Maudslay Motor Company , a British vehicle maker company based in Coventry Mitsubishi Motors Corporation , a Japanese multinational car maker company Computing [ edit ] M/M/c queue , a multi-server queueing model Memory management controller ,
1470-568: The help that it needs, set achievable goals and develop a coherent strategy." Modulous and Lighthouse went into administration in January and March 2024 respectively. In late March 2024, housing minister Lee Rowley told the Lords Committee that the government would be reviewing its MMC policies in light of the crisis in the volumetric house-building sector. He promised "a full update in late spring once we have undertaken further detailed work with
1512-568: The high-profile failures of Ilke Homes, L&G Modular and House by Urban Splash during 2022 and 2023, the House of Lords Built Environment Committee highlighted that the UK Government needed to take a more coherent approach to addressing barriers affecting adoption of MMC: "If the Government wants the sector to be a success, it needs to take a step back, acquire a better understanding of how it works and
1554-583: The more that manufactured components rely on 'high-precision engineering' the less malleable they are in terms of future adaptation." Mitomycin C Mitomycin C is a mitomycin that is used as a chemotherapeutic agent by virtue of its antitumour activity. It is given intravenously to treat upper gastro-intestinal cancers (e.g. esophageal carcinoma ), anal cancers , and breast cancers , as well as by bladder instillation for superficial bladder tumours . Mitomycin C has also been used topically rather than intravenously in several areas. The first
1596-889: The sector". Following the July 2024 general election , a House of Lords Library report was published in August 2024 ahead of a scheduled debate in September 2024; it said the new Labour government would publish a new long-term housing strategy "in the coming months". MMC refers to a variety of off-site construction methods: During the early 2000s, the Housing Corporation classified a number of offsite manufacturing initiatives. Its classification included volumetric construction (e.g. bathroom and kitchen pods), panellised construction systems, hybrid construction (volumetric units integrated with panellised systems), sub-assemblies and components (e.g. floor and roof cassettes, wiring looms, pre-fabricated plumbing), and site-based MMC approaches. In 2017,
1638-491: The ureter that may lead to excess fluid in the kidney due to a backup of urine), flank pain (pain occurring on the side of the body), urinary tract infection, hematuria (blood in the urine), renal dysfunction (inability of the kidney to function in its designed capacity), fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, dysuria (painful or difficult urination) and vomiting. Mitomycin C is a potent DNA crosslinker . A single crosslink per genome has shown to be effective in killing bacteria. This
1680-616: Was discovered in 1955 by Japanese scientists in cultures of the microorganism Streptomyces caespitosus . Mitomycin C was isolated as purple crystals by Wakaki and his coworkers from Kyowa Hakko Kogyo in 1956. It was approved based on the results of the OLYMPUS (NCT02793128) multicenter trial involving 71 subjects with low-grade upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (UTUC). These subjects had never undergone treatment (treatment-naïve) or had recurrent low-grade non-invasive UTUC with at least one measurable papillary tumor (a tumor shaped like
1722-463: Was evaluated using urine cytology (a test to look for abnormal cells in a subjects's urine), ureteroscopy (an examination of the upper urinary tract) and biopsy (if warranted) three months following the initiation of therapy. The primary endpoint was complete response at three months following initiation of therapy. A complete response was found in 41 of the 71 subjects (58%) following six treatments of mitomycin gel administered weekly. Durability of
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1764-412: Was intended to regularise and refine the term MMC by defining the broad spectrum of innovative construction techniques being applied, enabling clients, advisors, lenders and investors, warranty providers, building insurers and valuers to all build a common understanding of the different forms of MMC use. It divides factory-produced systems into seven categories: As previously mentioned, while MMC suggests
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