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49-451: The sculptures consist of four male figures made of granite, bearing spherical lamps in their hands. The square-jawed figures have muscular chests, but the bottom parts of their bodies consist of columns decorated in a way typical to Saarinen. The men have haircuts typical of the Awakening movement. It is said that the peasant Jalmari Lehtinen, born in the late 19th century, posed as a model for

98-530: A cleaner environment at the statue conference in Verona , Italy . They have also been dressed in various outfits. The stone men campaign paid well off: the sympathetic characters caused VR's public image to rise and interest in train travel to increase. The stone men campaign has won several prizes, such as the Grand Effie and Gold Effie prizes for efficient marketing information. Marketing Finland has also awarded

147-507: A curiosity. Reflecting capacity of renewal and a more tolerant bend, the movement has on several occasions organized 'rainbow conventicles' in order to create safe space for the LGBT community first in Helsinki as part of Helsinki Pride 2019 and as part of summer festival in 2023. Despite being traditionally even hostile to culture, the movement has inspired prominent Finnish artists and experienced

196-464: A hymn. If a speech is considered inappropriate, it is, according to custom, acceptable to interrupt the speaker by starting a hymn. Often the hymns and speeches are spontaneously thematically related, thus forming a chain of thoughts. It is the custom to start the gathering with coffee and end it with free discussion. This also provides opportunity for participants to withdraw into private discussion with pastors or lay speakers if necessary. The hymnal of

245-420: A meditative rhythm without accompaniment. The text of hymns is mostly prayer. Singing is interrupted by short speeches. The original form of seurat is democratically organized: only few speakers are invited and opportunity is given for anyone present to speak. Speech is usually held in a sitting position from the place of the speaker — not from a pulpit. Hymn selection is also free: anyone can select and start

294-403: A museum facility near the main entrance that hosted several exhibitions annually. The park is easily accessible from the city centre by tram lines 3, 8, and 9, as well as bus line 23. Linnanmäki currently features 42 rides along with various non-ride attractions. The park's most iconic ride is Vuoristorata , a wooden roller coaster that opened in 1951. It is the most recognisable symbol of

343-471: A personal wristband for each day of the season. Separate priority boarding tickets are also offered for Taiga and Swingi, allowing riders to skip the line through a dedicated entrance. Linnanmäki hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, such as the popular iik!week horror festival and the traditional Valokarnevaali ("Carnival of Light"). These events are held in the autumn and have been organized since 2016 and 2006, respectively. Until 2019,

392-425: A platform above a water tank , shielded by a net. For a fee, visitors attempted to hit a target on a pole with a ball. If successful, the target's release mechanism would trigger, causing the performer to fall into the water. In the 1970s, men were also included as performers after a women's organisation highlighted the issue of gender equality . In 1978, Naisasialiitto Unioni , a Finnish women's organisation, sent

441-430: A popular movement supported and organized independently by adherents among the peasant population. Later, interest of lutheran clergy with pietist leanings was revived and an element of national revival was added. In 1880s the son of Nils Gustav Malmberg, Wilhelmi Malmivaara , rose to a leading position. He embraced modern means of communication by founding the periodical Hengellinen Kuukauslehti in 1888 and establishing

490-464: A quiet and simple life and taking responsibility in society. In modern times the movement expressed concerns about social justice in Finnish society. Conventicle or seurat are the typical religious gathering of the movement. Traditionally they were organized in homes, but can nowadays also take place in congregation halls and other places. Typically, seurat lasts about one hour. Hymns are sung in

539-438: A revival in the 1970s and 1980s by being featured in plays and in the hugely popular Finnish opera. The Finnish author Juhani Aho grew up within the movement and it was the subject of many of his novels and short stories. The Finnish composer Joonas Kokkonen produced the opera The Last Temptations , which portrayed the life of Paavo Ruotsalainen. The opera was composed for the famous Finnish bass Martti Talvela , whose friend

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588-420: A variety of family-friendly and kiddie rides . Admission to the park is free, but most rides require either a ride ticket or the more popular wristband. The wristband grants unlimited access to all rides for the entire day, subject to height restrictions. As of 2013 , the wristband price is the same for all customers, regardless of age or height. Additionally, a season pass is available, providing customers with

637-581: Is a Lutheran religious movement in Finland which has found followers in the provinces of Savo and Ostrobothnia . The origins of the movement are in the 18th century. It has functioned inside the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland throughout its existence. Formerly very pietist , the movement is currently considered within mainstream Finnish Lutheranism. Theologically, the Awakening emphasized

686-490: Is a moderate movement accepting the ordination of women as pastors and having a liberal attitude toward sexual minorities. A study published in 2010 by the Finnish Church Research Centre revealed that supporters of the Awakening differ significantly from the supporters of other Finnish Lutheran revival movements in their liberal views toward e.g. sexual ethics. It has been typical to the movement to emphasize

735-407: Is also an important source of income for the movement. The festival is organized on a moving basis in different towns in the original area of the movement and occasionally in larger cities. Student ministry was originated when families wanted to provide a safe home in Helsinki for students of theology. Youth ministry was started in the 1970s. Christian folk high schools have been very important for

784-470: Is an amusement park in Helsinki , Finland. It was opened on 27 May 1950 and is owned by the non-profit Children's Day Foundation ( Finnish : Lasten Päivän Säätiö , Swedish: Stiftelsen Barnens Dag ), which operates the park to raise funds for Finnish child welfare work. In 2023, the foundation donated € 4.5 million, and so far has donated a total of over €130 million to this cause. Linnanmäki

833-426: Is portrayed as in later literature, a farmer without formal education, he consumed religious literature and engaged in religious life of people whilst developing a skill of containing the arising religious ecstacies of people. His main achievement was the application of learning of devotional literature in support of religious life and delivering consoling spiritual advice on the basis of his experience. Gradually, in

882-464: Is the act of God and the Holy Spirit alone according to Luther's principle sola gratia . God is great, human beings are small. The Gospel is preached on a low level amongst the people where the movement is also lived. Religious views have been formulated primarily by the early leaders of the movement. Among them, especially Paavo Ruotsalainen's views still continue to influence thinking. Today, it

931-411: Is the oldest and most popular amusement park in Finland. It has many rides of different types and sizes, and of the all Nordic amusement parks, Linnanmäki has the most rides in relation to the number of visitors. It also has other attractions, including arcades, games, kiosks, restaurants and an outdoor stage on which different performers appear in the summer. The park is open from spring to autumn;

980-575: The Finnish Missionary Society . Missionary support is channelled through the FMS. Independently the movement has operations among Finns and Finno-Ugric people in Russia and Estonia. [REDACTED] Media related to Awakening (religious movement) at Wikimedia Commons Linnanm%C3%A4ki Linnanmäki ( Swedish : Borgbacken , colloquially Lintsi , lit.   ' Hill Of The Castle ' )

1029-513: The Pasila machinery yard to be restored. The lamps in the lanterns borne by the sculptures were also renewed and replaced by LED lights to achieve better conservation of energy and better functionality. Awakening (Finnish religious movement) Bible Translators Theologians The Awakening ( Finnish : herännäisyys , Finnish pronunciation: [ˈherænːæi̯syːs] ; or körttiläisyys , Finnish: [ˈkørtːilæi̯syːs] )

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1078-503: The Vuoristorata roller coaster and resulting from rider negligence. The first incident occurred in 1953 when the roller coaster's brakeman , who had finished his shift, sat in the front row for the final ride of the evening. He did not secure the safety bar, fell off, and was struck by the train. In 1985, a young male guest sitting in the front row managed to open the safety bar and stood up to wave to his friends. He then fell in front of

1127-458: The conventicle known as the seurat which consists of singing of hymns as prayer interrupted with short speeches as commentary to the prevailing mood. It is nowadays widely assumed that the roots of Herännäisyys lay in several 18th-century popular religious revival movements e.g. in Savo province. There were occasions when groups of people had trance-like religious experiences, for instance in

1176-552: The 1820s, Paavo Ruotsalainen rose as the leader figure in the movement. Simultaneously a religious revival started in Kalajoki . The movement was encouraged by pastors Jonas Lagus and Nils Gustav Malmberg . In the 1830s the two revivals got in touch and united. The movement has always been strongest in Savo, Ostrobothnia and in Kainuu . Through Lutheran clergy, its influence has expanded beyond

1225-707: The Advertiser of the Year prize to the VR Group in 2007. As well as the VR Group advertisements, Lyhdynkantajat has been featured in the drawings by cartoonist Kari Suomalainen . The Linnanmäki amusement park also includes reconstructions of the Lyhdynkantajat sculptures. There they support the railing of the monorail train going around the park at the level of building roofs. The sculptures were renovated and cleaned in summer 2013. They were dismantled into parts and taken into

1274-467: The amusement park is known, is built on a hill and takes its name from Vesilinnanmäki ( lit.   ' Water Castle Hill ' ), a name given by locals in the early 20th century due to the presence of two water towers built in 1876 and 1938, respectively. Although the towers were disconnected from the water grid in 2003 and are no longer operational, they are protected by the city's zoning plan and cannot be demolished. There have been plans to utilize

1323-577: The amusement rides and attractions, the park is home to the Peacock theatre, a historic venue built in 1957, renowned for its musical productions. Visitors can also explore the Sea Life aquarium, the only Sea Life centre in the Nordic countries, which opened in 2002. Linnanmäki operates from April to October, though the theatre and aquarium are open year-round. From 1996 to 2005, the park also housed Linnanmäen museo ,

1372-663: The bear sculpture of the main stairway of the National Museum and the bronze sculptures at the end triangle of the House of the Estates . The Lyhdynkantajat sculptures are well known. According to a survey by Helsingin Sanomat in 2008 Lyhdynkantajat was the tenth most popular of the four hundred outdoor sculptures in Helsinki. The winner was Äidinrakkaus ("Motherly love") by Emil Cedercreutz , with Havis Amanda by Ville Vallgren at

1421-418: The fields when collecting hay. The most famous of these occurred on Telppäsniitty in 1796. The original leader of the movement was Juhana Lustig . Paavo Ruotsalainen represents a new kind of personality of the 19th-century, formed by the emerging reading habit in the countryside at a period when especially religious literature became available for wider audience. Instead of the mythological religious leader he

1470-626: The figures. Lehtinen, who had worked as a gardener in Wikström's Visavuori home studio, had served as the model for some of Wikström's earlier sculptures as well. The Visavuori art museum contains many competition sketches of the Lyhdynkantajat sculptures. The granite figures have probably been made at the Ab Granit Oy factory in Hanko , like the pedestal of the Elias Lönnrot monument . The actual sculpting

1519-454: The greatness of God, the sinfulness of man, and the insignificance of human efforts towards salvation (see monergism ). Today, the Awakening movement is widely known in Finland through an annual Awakening Festival Herättäjäjuhlat . The festival, held in July, attracts around 30,000 visitors and remains the second largest annual religious event in Finland. The Awakening brought with it a form of

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1568-567: The main stairway of the National Museum of Finland . However, Saarinen ended up ordering the four male figures designed by Wikström. The four giant stylised male figures have each been sculpted with the same gypsum model. The sculptures have been compared to massive stone sculptures found in Egyptian and Assyrian sculpture art. Wikström was interested in ancient sculpture art, and the figures were inspired by ancient herms , columns whose upper part

1617-597: The meditative singing of its hymns. Traditionally, typical for the movement has been a strict code of conduct for the adherents. Dancing, colorful clothes, theater and music have been frowned upon. The second Finnish name of the movement, körttiläisyys , is said to derive from the adherents' typical black clothing with a characteristic körtti ( Swedish : skört ) i.e. a pleat in the back. Adherents wanted to emphasize their freedom from fashion and simple life by dressing in simple black clothes and simple hairstyle. The use of characteristic clothing has declined and become

1666-519: The movement (N=660). Thus, those reflecting the heritage of the Awakening form the largest group in clergy. The movement strictly holds on to the Lutheran theological basis of the church of Finland. However, its mission is to point of the significance of faith in the life of the individual and empower people to follow Christ. The movement strongly emphasized that faith and salvation are acts of God. Humans cannot contribute towards their salvation. Salvation

1715-525: The movement is Siionin Virret (Hymns of Zion), which originally was a translation of a Swedish Herrnhut movement hymnal from 1740, Sions Sånger . The hymnal has been reorganized and complemented several times. The newest reformation was published in 2017. Many of the hymns have been included in the official hymnal of the Evangelical Lutheran Church . Most characteristic of the movement has been

1764-449: The movement. They were established by the movement when the educational level in the countryside was still relatively low. Currently nine folk schools are loosely affiliated with the movement. They are located in Eurajoki , Jyväskylä , Kajaani , Lapua , Lieksa , Lapinlahti , Ylivieska , Turku and Valkeala . The supporters of the movement were actively involved in the establishment of

1813-405: The opening day is around May Day and the closing is in the third week of October. Linnanmäki is visited by about a million guests annually. In August 2006, Linnanmäki received its fifty-millionth visitor. In 1950, six Finnish child welfare organisations leased an area in the middle of a recreational zone in Helsinki, consisting of two parks, to establish an amusement park. Initially, the lease

1862-458: The park and was one of the first permanent rides constructed there. Technically, the oldest ride at Linnanmäki is Karuselli, a carousel built in Germany in 1896, which has been at Linnanmäki since 1954. Linnanmäki has eight roller coasters, complemented by other major attractions, including three tower rides, a Ferris wheel , a river rapids ride , and several spinning rides. Linnanmäki also offers

1911-539: The publishing company Herättäjä 1892. The movement was institutionalized through the founding of the Herättäjä Society (Sisälähetysseura Herättäjä) in 1912. The movement was positioned with the political nationalist right-wing movements. According to a poll taken by Church Labor Unions in 2010, 48% of the Finnish Lutheran clergy recognized the influence of awakening in their thinking and 28% were associated with

1960-530: The region of origin. In the mid-19th century, the unity of the movement was challenged. Eventually the Evangelical revival led by Fredrik Gabriel Hedberg split from the movement and was organized separately. Simultaneously the movement entered a time of crisis when originally sympathetic clergymen distanced themselves from the movement in protest against Paavo Ruotsalainen, but especially N. G. Malmberg, whom they accused of sinful living. The movement lingered on as

2009-456: The season's last day featured a grand fireworks display, but this has not been organized since 2020 due to concerns over responsibility. Vedenneitohalli (English: Mermaid hall ) was a popular dunk tank attraction at Linnanmäki from 1951 to 1980. Operated by Finnish fairground operator Lauri Seiterä and his wife Johanna, the attraction featured young female performers dressed in swimsuits, referred to as mermaids . The performers would lie on

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2058-541: The second place. Lyhdynkantajat have entered public knowledge under the name Kivimiehet ("The stone men") via an advertisement campaign by the VR Group . The sculptures have been used in print advertisements through image manipulation and animated on television since 2002. In the advertisements, the sculptures have got legs and have travelled to several cities across Finland, have spent a winter vacation in Lapland and discussed

2107-475: The society is Simo Juntunen. The society employs 20 persons — mostly pastors or lay preachers . Herättäjä-Yhdistys publishes books and music, organizes confirmation classes in the homestead of Paavo Ruotsalainen — Aholansaari in Nilsiä , and continues publication of Henki Magazine and other periodicals. By far the most significant activity is the organization of the summer festival, herättäjäjuhlat . The festival

2156-481: The towers year-round in support of the amusement park's activities. The older, angular tower, located near the park's perimeter and the oldest water tower in Helsinki, currently serves as a maintenance and storage facility for the park. The newer, cylindrical tower, which dominates the park and its surroundings, houses an indoor roller coaster called Linnunrata eXtra . Since its opening in 1950, Linnanmäki has had two fatalities related to ride accidents, both involving

2205-454: The train and was run over. Linnanmäki is situated in the Alppila sub-district of Alppiharju , 2.5 km (1.6 mi) north of Helsinki 's city centre, the capital of Finland. The park is located on a hill that offers a nice view of the city. The park has no distinct theming and feels relatively compact and densely packed, with rides and attractions in close proximity to each other. Beyond

2254-515: Was Awakening movement lay preacher Aku Räty. The umbrella organization of the movement is Herättäjä-Yhdistys (the Awakening Society), which is based in Lapua . The former chair person (2010) of the society was a laywoman, Kaisa Rönkä, the first woman in Finland to act as the head of Finnish revival movements. Rönkä was succeeded by Jukka Hautala as the chairperson in 2011. The executive director of

2303-450: Was done by a sculptor named Talja and his son. The bear figures of the old Vyborg railway station in Vyborg , Russia were also made by the aforementioned men. The Lyhdynkantajat sculptures combine romantic nationalist granite Art Nouveau style with ancient art. Saarinen's first sketches of the sculptures feature bears, which had also been used at the old Vyborg railway station as well as

2352-453: Was granted for three years. However, in 1953, the city extended the lease and allocated 5.37 hectares (13.3 acres) for the park. Following the city plan approved in 1956, the amusement park was further expanded to over 7.2 ha (18 acres). In 1957, the welfare organisations formed the non-profit Children's Day Foundation, which continues to manage and develop the amusement park. Today, the site covers 7.5 hectares (19 acres). Linnanmäki, as

2401-462: Was sculpted to resemble a human figure, originally that of the god Hermes . In Wikström's time, herms were also a popular phenomenon in the architecture of Vienna , Austria . Emil Wikström, the designer of the Lyhdynkantajat sculptures, was one of the most important sculptors during the Golden Age of Finnish Art . As well as Lyhdynkantajat , he also designed other architectural sculptures, such as

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