Plain weave (also called tabby weave , linen weave or taffeta weave ) is the most basic of three fundamental types of textile weaves (along with satin weave and twill ). It is strong and hard-wearing, and is used for fashion and furnishing fabrics. Fabrics with a plain weave are generally strong, durable, and have a smooth surface. They are often used for a variety of applications, including clothing, home textiles, and industrial fabrics.
6-525: Taffeta (archaically spelled taffety or taffata ) is a crisp, smooth, plain woven fabric made from silk , nylon , cuprammonium rayons , acetate , or polyester . The word came into Middle English via Old French and Old Italian, which borrowed the Persian word tāfta (تافته), which means "silk" or "linen cloth". As clothing, it is used in ball gowns , wedding dresses , and corsets , and in interior decoration, for curtains or wallcovering. It tends to yield
12-413: A stiff cloth with a starched appearance that holds its shape better than many other fabrics and does not sag or drape. Silk taffeta is of two types: yarn-dyed and piece-dyed. Piece-dyed taffeta is often used in linings and is quite soft. Yarn-dyed taffeta is much stiffer and is often used in evening dresses. Shot silk taffeta was one of the most highly-sought forms of Byzantine silk , and may have been
18-575: Is also known as one-up-one-down weave or over and under pattern. Examples of fabric with plain weave are chiffon , organza , percale and taffeta . According to the 12th-century geographer al-Idrīsī , in Andalusī-era Almería , imitations of Iraqī and Persian silks called «عَتَّابِيِّ» — ‘attābī — were manufactured, which David Jacoby identifies as "a taffeta fabric made of silk and cotton (natural fibers) originally produced in Attabiya,
24-693: The 1990s, taffeta has been largely produced on mechanical looms in the Bangalore area. From the 1970s until the 1990s, the Jiangsu province of China produced fine silk taffetas: these were less flexible than those from Indian mills, however, and the latter continue to dominate production. Other countries in South-East and Western Asia also produce silk taffeta, but these products tend not yet to be equal in quality or competitiveness to those from India. Taffeta has seen use for purposes other than clothing fabric, including
30-606: The fabric known as purpura . Modern taffeta was first woven in Italy and France and until the 1950s in Japan. Warp-printed taffeta or chiné , mainly made in France from the 18th century onwards, is sometimes called "pompadour taffeta" after Madame de Pompadour . Today, most raw silk taffeta is produced in India and Pakistan. There, even in the modern period, handlooms have been widely used, but since
36-438: The following: Plain weave In plain weave cloth, the warp and weft threads cross at right angles, aligned so they form a simple criss-cross pattern. Each weft thread crosses the warp threads by going over one, then under the next, and so on. The next weft thread goes under the warp threads that its neighbor went over, and vice versa. A balanced plain weave can be identified by its checkerboard -like appearance. It
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