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30-567: Veuillot was born of humble parents in Boynes ( Loiret ). When he was five years of age, his parents relocated to Paris. With little education, he gained employment in a lawyer's office, and was sent in 1830 to serve with a newspaper of Rouen , and afterwards to Périgueux . Initially, Veuillot supported the July Monarchy of Louis Phillippe criticizing both Republicans and supporters of the deposed Bourbon Dynasty . He returned to Paris in 1837, and

60-615: A Petit-Fils de France . He was the last legitimate descendant of Louis XV of France in the male line. Henri d'Artois was born on 29 September 1820, in the Pavillon de Marsan , a portion of the Tuileries Palace that still survives in the compound of the Louvre Palace in Paris . His father, the duc de Berry , had been assassinated seven months before Henri's birth. At birth, Henri

90-539: A comprehensive and valuable life, Louis Veuillot . After the First Vatican Council , Veuillot's influence began to wane. In 1879 Pope Pius IX released a letter praising him, but also regretting his "bitter zeal" in advocating his views. Among the lower clergy Veuillot retained influence. Politically he returned to advocating the restorations of the Bourbon Monarchy under Henri, Count of Chambord . Veuillot

120-521: A consequence, after seven days, a period in which legitimist monarchists considered that Henri had been the rightful monarch of France, the Chamber of Deputies decreed that the throne should pass to Louis Philippe, who was proclaimed King of the French on 9 August. Henri and his family left France and went into exile on 16 August 1830. While some French monarchists recognised him as their sovereign, others disputed

150-529: A monograph. Matthew Arnold said of him: M. Louis Veuillot is a polemic worthy of the golden age of polemics. He is singly devoted to ultramontanism; he lives on a small fixed salary from the proprietors of the Univers; he is a man of the purest and simplest domestic life; he is poor, and has a large family, but he has refused all offers of place and salary from the government, and maintains his entire independence. And Orestes Brownson wrote: [Veuillot] manifests

180-527: A napkin!" In 1873 another attempt to restore the monarchy failed for the same reasons. Henri traveled to Paris and tried to negotiate with the government, to no avail; and on 20 November, the National Assembly confirmed Marshal The 1st Duke of Magenta as Chief of State of France for the next seven years. The Third Republic was established (with then Chief of State, the Duke of Magenta , as President of

210-479: A year later visited Rome during Holy Week . There he embraced ultramontane sentiments, and became an ardent champion of Catholicism . The results of his conversion were published in Pélerinages en Suisse (1839), Rome et Lorette (1841) and other publications. Veuillot's embrace of Ultramontanism led to his violent rejection of Bourgeois society and norms. He had little regard for theological nuance and held fast to

240-757: Is according to your principles; when I am stronger than you, I take away your freedom because that is according to my principles", is quoted in Frank Herbert 's Children of Dune . Boynes Boynes ( French pronunciation: [bwan] ) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France . This Loiret geographical article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Henri, Count of Chambord Henri, Count of Chambord and Duke of Bordeaux ( French : Henri Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné d'Artois, duc de Bordeaux, comte de Chambord ; 29 September 1820 – 24 August 1883)

270-729: The Mortara case to the point where it put him at odds with Napoleon III whom he had previously supported, causing the latter to temporarily suppress the journal. Veuillot's two-pronged assault on the Jews and liberalism would influence the anti-Semitism of Édouard Drumont , who worked for L'Univers in his youth. Drumont, who in his turn was an employer of Charles Maurras , was admired by Karl Lueger , whom Adolf Hitler acknowledged as an influence in Mein Kampf . A misattributed quote to Veuillot, "When I am weaker than you, I ask you for freedom because that

300-627: The University of Paris . In 1848, he became editor of the newspaper, which was suppressed in 1860, but revived in 1867, when Veuillot resumed his ultramontane propaganda, causing a second suppression of his journal in 1874. Veuillot then occupied himself by writing polemical pamphlets against liberal Catholics , the Second French Empire and the Italian government. His services to the papal see were recognized by Pope Pius IX , on whom he wrote (1878)

330-480: The French throne. During his customary visit to congratulate the newborn's mother, the duke made such offensive remarks about the baby's appearance that the lady holding him was brought to tears. On 2 August 1830, in response to the July Revolution , Henri's grandfather, Charles X, abdicated , and twenty minutes later Charles' elder son Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême , himself renounced his rights, in favour of

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360-657: The Republic ) to wait for Henri's death and his replacement by his distant cousin, the more liberal Count of Paris , of the Orléanist branch of the House of Bourbon. Initially, the monarchist majority in Parliament believed this to be temporary, until such time as the Count of Paris could return to the throne. However, by the time this occurred in 1883, public opinion had swung behind the Republic as

390-403: The best intentions on his part, is fitted only to bring about the very results he most deprecates. Notwithstanding his hostility to those who regret the loss of parliamentary freedom, and his devotion to Imperialism, he has not been able to save his journal from an avertissement ; and it would seem that, after having aided in erecting an Absolute government for his country, and in breaking down all

420-568: The courtesy title of Count of Chambord (from the château de Chambord , which had been presented to him by the Restoration government, and which was the only significant piece of personal property of which he was allowed to retain ownership upon his exile), continued his claim to the throne throughout the July Monarchy of Louis Philippe, the Second Republic and Empire of Napoléon III , and

450-505: The crown only on condition that France abandon its tricolour flag (associated with the French Revolution ) and return to the use of the fleur de lys flag, comprising the historic royal arms of France. He rejected a compromise whereby the fleur-de-lys would be the new king's personal standard, and the tricolour would remain the national flag. Pope Pius IX , upon hearing Henri's decision, notably remarked "And all that, all that for

480-640: The early years of the Third Republic . In November 1846, the Count of Chambord married his second cousin Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este , daughter of Duke Francis IV of Modena and Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy . The couple had no children. In 1870, as the Second Empire collapsed following its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War at the battle of Sedan on 2 September 1870,

510-542: The form of government which, in the words of the former President Adolphe Thiers , "divides us least". Thus, Henri could mockingly be hailed by republicans such as Georges Clemenceau as "the French Washington " – the one man without whom the Republic could not have been founded. Henri died on 24 August 1883 at his residence in Frohsdorf , Austria , at the age of 62, bringing the male line of Louis XV to an end. He

540-549: The head of the House of France (as distinguished from the House of Bourbon ) would be the head of the Orléans line, i.e. Prince Philippe, Count of Paris . This was accepted by many Legitimists, and was the default on legal grounds; the only surviving Bourbon male line more senior was the branch of the Kings of Spain, descended from King Philip V , which had however renounced its right to inherit

570-468: The overall philosophies of Joseph de Maistre and Louis de Bonald , the original Catholic counter-revolutionary thinkers. Veuillot viewed all issues through the prism of their relationship to the Church and thought any disruption of the faith was a catastrophe. For this reason, he expressed surprise when he learned that his friend Joseph-Théophile Foisset was working on a new edition of Blaise Pascal since he

600-499: The royalists became a majority in the National Assembly. The Orléanists agreed to support the Count of Chambord's claim to the throne, with the expectation that upon his death, with him lacking any sons, he would be succeeded by their own claimant, Philippe d'Orléans, Count of Paris . With Henri backed by both Legitimists and Orléanists, the restoration of monarchy in France seemed a likely possibility. However, he insisted that he would accept

630-559: The safeguards established by constitutionalism to freedom of thought, freedom of speech, and public discussion, the police have had the cruelty to take him at his word, and give him a taste of the despotism he has been willing to fasten upon others. Some of his papers were collected in Mélanges Religieux, Historiques et Littéraires (12 vols., 1857–1875), and his Correspondance (7 vols., 1883–85) has great political interest. His younger brother, Eugène Veuillot, published (1901–1904)

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660-420: The temper and breeding of a fanatic, and seems to act on the principle that whoever differs on any important point in history, politics, or philosophy, from himself, must needs be a bad Catholic, or no Catholic at all. We question not his sincerity, we question not his personal piety; but we do question his qualification to be a Catholic leader. His mind is too narrow and one-sided for that, and his leadership, with

690-594: The throne of France as a condition of the Treaty of Utrecht . However, several of Henri's supporters, including his widow, chose to disregard his statements and the Treaty, arguing that no one had the right to deny that the senior direct male-line Bourbon was the head of the House of France and thus the legitimate King of France; the renunciation of the Spanish branch would be, under this interpretation, illegitimate and therefore void. Thus

720-497: The validity of the abdications of his grandfather and of his uncle. Still others recognised the July Monarchy of Louis Philippe. With the deaths of his 79-year-old grandfather in 1836 and of his uncle in 1844, young Henri became the genealogically senior claimant to the French throne. His supporters were called Legitimists , to distinguish them from the Orléanists , the supporters of the family of Louis Philippe. Henri, who preferred

750-465: The young Duke of Bordeaux. Charles X urged his cousin Louis Philippe of Orléans, as Lieutenant général du royaume , to proclaim Henri as Henry V, King of France . Louis Philippe requested the Duke of Bordeaux to be brought to Paris to have his rights recognised. The duchess of Berry was forbidden to escort her son; therefore, both the grandfather and the mother refused to leave the child in France. As

780-416: Was a Jansenist . In 1840, Veuillot joined the staff of the newspaper Univers Religieux , a journal created in 1833 by Abbé Migne , and soon helped make it the leading organ of ultramontane propaganda as L'Univers . His methods of journalism, which made great use of irony and ad hominem criticism, had already provoked more than one duel, and he was imprisoned for a brief time for his polemics against

810-483: Was a virulent anti-Semite. As early as the 1840s, he wrote articles in L'Univers defaming Jews, portraying them as alien vagabonds, accusing them of blood libel , and asserting that the Talmud commanded Jews to hate all Christians. He contemptuously dismissed Jews who criticized him as "the deicide people", claiming they were a foreign element which plotted to control all of French society. Veuillot's hatred intensified during

840-640: Was buried in the crypt of his grandfather Charles X, in the church of the Franciscan Kostanjevica Monastery in Gorizia , Austria (now Slovenia ). His personal property, including the Château de Chambord , was left to his nephew Robert I, Duke of Parma , son of Henri's late sister. Henri's death left the Legitimist line of succession distinctly confused. On the one hand, Henri himself had accepted that

870-484: Was given the title of duc de Bordeaux . Because of his birth after his father's death, when the senior male line of the House of Bourbon was on the verge of extinction, one of his middle names was Dieudonné (French for "God-given"). Royalists called him "the miracle child". Louis XVIII was overjoyed, bestowing 35 royal orders to mark the occasion. Henri's birth was a major setback for the Duke of Orleans ' ambitions to ascend

900-506: Was the Legitimist pretender to the throne of France as Henri V from 1844 until his death in 1883. Henri was the only son of Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry , born after his father's death, by his wife, Princess Carolina of Naples and Sicily , daughter of King Francis I of the Two Sicilies . The Duke himself was the younger son of Charles X . As the grandson of Charles X, Henri was

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