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83-413: LBCC serves San Pedro , Catalina Island and the cities of Long Beach , Lakewood and Signal Hill . During the 2015–2016 academic year, the college had an enrollment of 33,818 students. Founded in 1927, Long Beach City College was initially housed at Wilson Classical High School in southeast Long Beach. The 1933 Long Beach earthquake resulted in classes being held at Recreation Park until 1935, when

166-546: A 15% reduction in maximum benefits (as well as other reductions) of the AFDC program beginning in 1991 that illustrates some of these impacts. After 7 years, the employment rates and average wages were somewhat higher for AFDC recipients who had been placed in the reduced-benefit program than in the control group. This could be explained by participants having a greater need for employment income when their benefits are smaller. The average disposable incomes (including wages and benefits) for

249-428: A cause for concern the decreased time CalWORKs participants are able to spend parenting their children due to increased time working in the formal sector instead. Despite these hardships associated with welfare-to-work programs, CalWORKs is generally viewed favorably by participants. In particular, the job search components are viewed as helpful in obtaining a job for unemployed participants. Indeed, 91% of those leaving

332-517: A certificate has been earned. Appropriate course selection will also facilitate transfer to a four-year college or university music performance program. " Many of the professors were and still are successful professionals in the music industry ( see below ). There are many former students and alumni that attended the Commercial Music Program who became successful professionals in the music industry ( see below ). Due to budget restraints,

415-549: A child under 6) of work, or work-related activities such as job training, job search assistance, or community service. In 2017, California had a WPR of 61%, thanks mainly to the 52% of recipients of federal money who had un-subsidized employment. The State has responded to accountability to Federal work participation requirements in several ways. Governor Jerry Brown proposed reforms—enacted in 2012—to require recipients to be engaged in Federally-approved work activities after

498-420: A form of workfare . There is also a lifetime cap of 48 months of benefits received, with some benefits restricted to 24 months. Only 50% of CalWORKs recipients are still enrolled one year after they first entered the program, and only 33% remain past two years. Two years after they first enrolled, the average recipient has used only 9 months of benefits. While the long-term effects of CalWORKs on California as

581-535: A four-year degree in 2000, about average when compared with the city and the county at large, and the percentage of those residents with more than a high school diploma was high for the county. San Pedro is served by the Los Angeles Unified School District . The area is within Board District 7. As of 2023, Tanya Ortiz Franklin represents the district. San Pedro High School , Mary Star of

664-468: A major waterfront food hall and park under development, slated to open in 2024. Warehouse 1, the largest warehouse west of Chicago at the time it was built in 1917, is now a California State Historical Landmark, while a historic naval warehouse built in 1944 houses Crafted at the Port of Los Angeles , a permanent craft marketplace. The Frank Gehry –designed Cabrillo Marine Aquarium had its origins in

747-521: A major city in Southern California. San Pedro was a township in the 1860 census. The township consisted of the present-day South Bay communities, Compton and western Long Beach . Census records report a population of 359 in 1860. The township was renamed Wilmington Township for 1870. In 1906, the city of Los Angeles annexed the Harbor Gateway , a long, narrow strip of land connecting

830-536: A parent who is choosing not to work) or unintentionally (e.g. for a parent that is unable to meet the requirements). Workfare policies also add burdens to those who do receive aid, which again are unintentional in some cases, such as parents left unemployed by a contraction in the labor market being required to apply for weekly quotas of (scarcely available) jobs or attend job-readiness classes. These differences between welfare programs without work requirements and workfare programs like CalWORKs that are inter-connected with

913-541: A poverty rate for the state. Several such measures are calculated, including the Census Bureau ’s Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) and the Public Policy Institute of California’s California Poverty Measure (CPM). The current CPM poverty rate in is 20%, but it is estimated it would be 21% without CalWORKs benefits. That 1 percentage point reduction corresponds to about 380,000 Californians kept "out" of poverty by

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996-663: A second LBCC campus was opened on the former site of Hamilton Junior High School in 1949 as a result of increased enrollment after World War II. This campus was originally called the Business and Technology Division Campus and eventually became known as the Pacific Coast Campus while the Liberal Arts Campus remained the same. At this time a survey is being conducted to inquire with the Faculty, Staff and Students if they feel that

1079-649: A sub-base of Los Angeles Air Force Base , serves as privatized housing and an administrative annex for Department of Defense service members and dependents under the management of Tierra Vista Communities. The United States Coast Guard 's Sector Los Angeles-Long Beach is based at Coast Guard Base LA/LB on Terminal Island in San Pedro. Base LA/LB is home to many tenant commands including Aids to Navigation Team LA/LB , Maritime Safety and Security Team 91103 , Port Security Unit 311 , CGIS Pacific Region DET , CG Motion Picture Office, 4 Sentinel-class Fast Response Cutters,

1162-797: A total of 174.5 points. [1] Hall of Champions, the indoor athletics venue, was the home of the now-defunct Long Beach Breakers of the American Basketball Association 's current incarnation. Men's intercollegiate teams are: baseball , basketball , cross country , football , golf , soccer , swimming & diving , track and field , volleyball , and water polo . Women's intercollegiate teams are: basketball , cross country , golf , soccer , softball , swimming & diving , tennis , track and field , volleyball , and water polo . San Pedro, Los Angeles San Pedro ( / s æ n ˈ p iː d r oʊ / san PEE -droh ; Spanish for ' Saint Peter ')

1245-489: A variety of services intended to help them find and prepare for employment. The most current requirements, and application instructions, can be found on the CDSS CalWORKs website ; the main requirements are: To receive benefits, parents must fulfill requirements such as working 30 hours per week and/or applying for a specified number of jobs per week and/or participating in training and readiness programs. This makes CalWORKs

1328-433: A vibrant Japanese immigrant community of about 3,000 people who lived in what had been described as a "typical Japanese Fishing Village" on Terminal Island (East San Pedro). These Japanese immigrants pioneered albacore fishing out of San Pedro Bay and harvesting abalone off White Point, thus leading the way in establishing a viable fishing industry in San Pedro. The 48-hour forced expulsion of these San Pedro residents and

1411-467: A whole are complex and multi-faceted, some immediate effects on those receiving aid are easier to quantify. The resources available to each Californian (i.e. their income, accounting for taxes and benefits such as medical care) can be compared to an estimate of the resources required to meet their basic needs (a poverty threshold varying based on factors such as family size and local cost-of-living) to label them as “in” or “out” of poverty, and thus determine

1494-413: A wide variety vocational programs spanning various occupational trades. The college is recognized nationally for its nursing program, and has an honors program for its high-achieving students. The English as a Second Language (ESL) program is one of the largest on campus. The college is divided into six schools. The School of Business and Social Science provides academic and vocational programs in

1577-566: Is a neighborhood located within the South Bay and Harbor region of the city of Los Angeles, California , United States. Formerly a separate city, it consolidated with Los Angeles in 1909. The Port of Los Angeles , a major international seaport, is partially located within San Pedro. The district has grown from being dominated by the fishing industry, to a working-class community within the city of Los Angeles, to an increasingly dense and diverse community. The peninsula, including all of San Pedro,

1660-534: Is a public charter high school, fusing a college preparatory program with elective coursework in International Business and Maritime Studies. Such studies reinforce the significant impact of California's ports on the global economy and international trade. As of 2012, test scores tended to be higher in the area's elementary schools than in its middle and high schools. Under certain specific circumstances, residents of San Pedro may be admitted into schools in

1743-400: Is an academic, counseling and mentoring program helping students build the skills necessary for academic success and career goals. Student Success Centers (LAC/PCC)- Academic support and learning assistance for students across the disciplines. Long Beach City College offers a wide range of programs, including business, health, trade and industry, communications, and liberal arts, as well as

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1826-453: Is considered highly diverse ethnically, with a diversity index of 63.0. In 2000, whites made up 44.2% of the population, Latinos were at 40.8%, blacks at 6.1%, Asians at 4.8% and others at 4.1%. Mexico and Italy were the most common places of birth for the 24.5% of the residents who were born abroad, considered a low percentage of foreign-born when compared with the city as a whole. The $ 57,508 median household income in 2008 dollars

1909-685: Is important for understanding how it affects Californians participating in it. Conditioning the provision of welfare benefits on work requirements increases the burdens on families trying not to 'fall through the cracks' between safety net programs. Even without work requirements, families face application processes for the various separate welfare programs in California that require considerable time, effort, and diligence—and often yield one or more rejections. Work requirements are an additional burden in that process as well as barrier rejecting more families from receiving CalWORKs aid, whether intentionally (e.g. for

1992-696: Is managed by the California Department of Social Services (CDSS), but is operated and administered locally by the 58 counties of California . In Los Angeles County , the county Department of Public Social Services (DPSS) administers CalWORKs. It has a caseload larger than any other jurisdiction except the States of California and New York and an annual budget of over $ 3 billion. Federally recognized native tribes are also eligible to receive federal TANF funding to administer TANF programs ("Tribal TANF"). The State of California also provides funding to supplement

2075-593: Is the Battleship Iowa museum and attraction, the Los Angeles Maritime Museum (the largest maritime museum in California), and the museum ship SS Lane Victory (a fully operational Victory ship of World War II and National Historic Landmark ). Ports O' Call Village , a tourist destination, which provided shopping venues, waterfront eateries, was demolished in 2019 to make way for West Harbor ,

2158-515: The Dalmatia (especially the islands of Brač , Hvar , Vis and Korčula ) region, has been present in San Pedro since the settlement began more than 200 years ago. The City of Los Angeles even named a stretch of 9th Street "Croatian Place" in honor of the city's old Croatian community. The Norwegian presence can be felt at the Norwegian Seamen's Church . Until February 1942, San Pedro was home to

2241-663: The Emergency Shipbuilding Program , including the SS Lane Victory , now a designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark museum ship in San Pedro. The neighborhood is bordered to the north by the fellow Los Angeles City neighborhood of Harbor City and the city of Torrance , to the east by the Los Angeles City neighborhood of Wilmington and the city of Long Beach , to the south by the Pacific Ocean , and to

2324-465: The Hawaiian Islands to deter Japanese aggression until the attack on Pearl Harbor . The fleet post office , supply depot, fuel depot, degaussing range, ECM repair facility, and naval training schools for small craft, fire fighters, merchant ship communications, and anti-submarine attack remained at San Pedro through World War II; but the battle fleet never returned. San Pedro was selected as

2407-953: The LADOT DASH San Pedro line travels up and down Western, and the LADOT Commuter Express travels west to Downtown Long Beach. Line 950 of the Los Angeles Metro Busway 's J Line terminates in downtown San Pedro. The line runs north to Downtown Los Angeles following the Harbor Freeway (I-110) and Harbor Transitway before following the El Monte Busway along the San Bernardino Freeway (I-10) east to its northeastern terminus in El Monte . Heading south from Harbor Beacon Park & Ride along Beacon Street,

2490-597: The Palos Verdes Peninsula Unified School District located in the neighboring Palos Verdes Peninsula ; specifically they may attend Miraleste Intermediate School and Palos Verdes High School . This admittance is only granted if a student's parent or guardian is enlisted in the US military , has a parent or guardian employed within the Palos Verdes Peninsula, has a grandparent residing within

2573-760: The Spanish Crown deeded Rancho San Pedro , a tract of over 75,000 acres (300 km ), to retired soldier Juan José Domínguez, who helped explore California with the Portolá expedition in 1769–1770. Rancho San Pedro was the first land grant in the Alta California portion of the Province of Las Californias in New Spain . When New Spain won its independence from the Spanish Empire and Alta California became part of Mexico,

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2656-590: The USCGC Argus Offshore Patrol Cutter, USCGC George Cobb Coastal Buoy Tender, CG Boat Station LA/LB, as well as supporting marine units of U.S. Customs and Border Protection , Los Angeles County Lifeguards , and LA Sheriffs . The Federal Bureau of Prisons operates the Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island on Terminal Island and in San Pedro. Just 23.8% of San Pedro residents aged 25 or older had completed

2739-860: The Commercial Music Program at Long Beach City College was one of 11 programs that were discontinued in 2013. In 2022, LBCC re-opened the Commercial Music Program. The School of Health and Science is home to the nursing program, making the school the 2nd largest at the college. In addition to programs in Registered and Vocational Nursing , the school provides academic and vocation programs in Diagnostic Medical Imaging and Emergency Medical Technician , Life Sciences such as Anatomy , Biology , Health Education , and Physiology , Physical Sciences such as Chemistry , Physics , Environmental Science , and Mathematics , Engineering , . The School of Language Arts provides academic and vocational programs in

2822-585: The Pacific Coast and beyond aboard cruise lines such as Royal Caribbean and Crystal Cruises , as well as a ferry to Catalina Island via the Catalina Express . San Pedro anchors the southern end of Los Angeles City Council District 15 , which has long been represented only by residents of San Pedro. The neighborhood, according to the Los Angeles Times, "despite accounting for less than one-third of

2905-494: The Palos Verdes Peninsula, or if the student simply lives in a closer vicinity to a PVPUSD school than any other LAUSD schools. Private schools in San Pedro include: The Los Angeles Public Library operates the San Pedro Regional Branch Library at 931 South Gaffey Street. The late Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley attended its opening in 1983. San Pedro News-Pilot , a newspaper, closed in 1998. San Pedro

2988-590: The San Pedro Bay in 1542. Santa Catalina Island , named after Catherine of Alexandria , was claimed for the Spanish Empire the next day, on her feast day, November 25. In 1602–1603, Sebastián Vizcaíno (1548–1624) officially surveyed and mapped the California coastline, including San Pedro Bay, for New Spain . The anglicized pronunciation is "san-PEE-dro". European settlement began in 1769 as part of an effort to populate California, although trade restrictions encouraged more smuggling than regular business. In 1784,

3071-453: The Sea is a prominent landmark with a steeple-top statue overlooking the harbor. On 28th Street, between Gaffey Street and Peck Avenue, is a steep section of public roadway. For about 50 feet (15 m), the street climbs at a 33.3% angle, although the rest of the street is less steep. Ethnically diverse San Pedro was a magnet for European immigrants from various countries for years, reflected in

3154-585: The Sea High School , and the Port of Los Angeles High School are the primary high schools within the region. San Pedro High School is home to the protected landmarks in the form of The English Language Arts and Administration Buildings (c. 1939, 1936, resp.). The school celebrated its 100-year anniversary in 2003. It is home to both the Marine Science and Police Academy Magnet programs. Port of Los Angeles High School

3237-483: The Spring Sing variety show, and Mini Grand Prix, a three-man push-cart race tournament. Each of the campuses has its own Alpha Gamma Sigma chapter. The campuses were well known for their high populations of resident domestic rabbits, though since 2011 the population has diminished substantially. The rabbits were humanely trapped and spayed or neutered. Over 200 rabbits were happily adopted, while around three dozen of

3320-527: The TANF grants received by tribes located within the State. This is allotted based on the number of families receiving benefits from each Tribal TANF program. For Federally recognized tribes that do not implement TANF programs, county CalWORKs administrators are required to make CalWORKs benefits available. Members of unrecognized tribes are treated by the counties as residents, and so can receive CalWORKs as well. CalWORKs

3403-519: The Tongva today and retain a cultural significance. First contact with Europeans occurred in 1542 with Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo , the Spanish explorer who noted the extensive presence of the plank boats of the neighboring Chumash . San Pedro was named for St. Peter of Alexandria , as his feast day is November 24 on the ecclesiastical calendar of Spain, the day on which Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo discovered

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3486-537: The campus to the east. The Pacific Coast Campus is situated north of Pacific Coast Highway , bordered by Orange Avenue to the west, Walnut Avenue to the east, and Mary Butler School to the north. Year round, there is a mild climate moderated by ocean breezes from the Pacific. Most students, faculty and staff commute to campus. Long Beach Transit serves both campuses, with routes 93, 101, 103, and 112 serving LAC, and routes 71, 171, 172, 173, 174, and 175 serving PCC. Due to

3569-539: The city to the northern border of Wilmington , and in 1909, the larger city consolidated with Wilmington and with San Pedro. In 1929, the city experienced the Sunken City Disaster , where an earthquake caused multiple homes to slide off a cliff into the sea. In 1888, the War Department took control of a tract of land next to the bay and added to it in 1897 and 1910. This became Fort MacArthur in 1914 and

3652-545: The college acquire neighboring Veterans Memorial Stadium from the City of Long Beach. Even before it acquired the stadium, as far back as the early 1970s, the college was allowed to use its facilities as a practice field and to provide several hundred much-needed parking for students of the college. In recent years, the college has upgraded the stadium playing surface, its swimming pool facility, as well as established wireless internet and e-mail services in 2005. Bond Measure E has seen

3735-551: The college from the Long Beach Unified School District . In that decade and the 1980s, Proposition 13 signaled retrenchment for the college, with many popular classes and services folding. Also during the 1980s, the arrival of refugees from Southeast Asia resulted in the need for extensive courses in the ESL program. This program became the largest at the college due to a later wave of amnesty applicants. 1987 saw

3818-474: The college moved into its Liberal Arts Campus in Lakewood Village at Carson Street and Clark Avenue. During and after World War II , the college increased so rapidly that a new campus had to be established. This was realized in 1949 with the establishment of the Pacific Coast Campus, occupied on the former site of Hamilton Junior High School. As Long Beach City College grew in the 1970s, state law separated

3901-667: The college moved to the campus on the corner of Carson and Clark. Reorganization brought together all post-high school education in 1944, resulting in the name becoming Long Beach City College, and splitting into the Liberal Arts Division, the General Adult Division, and Technical Institute Division. The Liberal Arts Division remained on the original Junior College campus, and became known as the Liberal Arts Campus. The General Adult Division and Technical Institute Division offered courses at surrounding educations centers, until

3984-1969: The college's programs and activities including note-takers, readers, interpreters and assistance with registration. English as a Second Language Office (PCC) - Provides bilingual information on college services and benefits by ESL Counselors and Advisors, offers the ESL test, and provides assistance with online registration. Extended Opportunity Programs & Services (LAC/PCC) - Retention program designed to assist qualified students with educational counseling, priority registration, assistance with transfer and assistance with textbooks/supplies. Cooperative Agencies Resources for Education (LAC/PCC) - Additional assistance for EOPS students who are single parents, head of household, have at least one child 13 years of age or younger and are participating in CalWORKs or GAIN. Honors Program (LAC/PCC) - Provides classes and programs to prepare high-achieving students for transfer to competitive four-year colleges and universities. International Students Program (LAC) - Services in immigration matters; academic, career and personal counseling; and housing assistance to international students. American Language and Culture Institute (LAC) - Provides English language preparation and an F-1 visa for international students. Transfer Center (LAC/PCC) - Helps new and transfer-bound students with registration and transfer workshops, LBCC online access, and assists in communication with university representatives. TRIO Go Project (PCC) - Academic, career, financial, and personal advising services for students who are either first-generation college students, low income and/or learning/physically disabled. It offers academic and transfer counseling services, tutoring, cultural enrichment, and field trips. Growth and Opportunities (GO) Project Puente (LAC) - Prepares educationally underserved students to transfer to four-year colleges and universities. It

4067-523: The construction of a Child Development Center at the PCC, and construction for new buildings on both campuses are underway, including a new South Quad Complex Building on the formers LAC golf mall, a new Industrial Technology Building at the PCC, and a new East Campus for the Culinary Arts Program. Long Beach Junior College opened its doors at Woodrow Wilson High School in 1927 to 503 students, and in 1935,

4150-414: The design and implementation of their TANF programs, they must meet certain requirements to receive Federal funds. This puts the generosity or austerity of CalWORKs to some degree under the control of Federal legislation, and it has lately been growing more austere, as described above. The effects of such reductions in benefits are of course varied and complex. California conducted a controlled experiment of

4233-610: The district's population has enjoyed outsize influence as the district's traditional base of political power." The United States Postal Service operates the San Pedro Post Office at 839 South Beacon Street and the Eastview Post Office at 28649 South Western Avenue. The USPS also operates the Seafarers Post Office at Suite A at 93 Berth in close proximity to the San Pedro Post Office. Fort MacArthur , now

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4316-542: The exploration and development of career and employment goals. CalWORKs (PCC) - Supportive services to county public assistance (welfare) recipients in the form of dedicated CalWORKs counselors, case management, childcare, work-study. Child Development Center (LAC/PCC) - Quality child care is given to 2- to 5-year-old children of Long Beach City College students, faculty and staff. Disabled Students Programs and Services (LAC/PCC) - DSPS provides many support services that enable students with disabilities to participate in

4399-1011: The fields of Business Administration , Computer and Business Information Systems, Computer and Office Technologies, Distributive Education, History and Political Science and Public Service and Social Sciences . It is the largest school at the college. The School of Creative Arts and Applied Sciences provides academic and vocational programs in the fields of art and photography , child development , family and consumer studies , which include fashion , food and nutrition , and interior design , music , radio and television , speech communication , theatre , dance and film . The Commercial Music Program at Long Beach City College provided: A " Certificate of Achievement [that] will prepare students for an entry-level position as an audio engineer in fields such as: recording studio, live sound, mastering, music video, foley, television, film, theater, and multi-media. " as well as an " Associate Degree [that] will prepare students for career advancement once

4482-576: The fields of English , English as a Second Language, and Foreign Languages . The School of Physical Education and Athletics offers classes to assist in health and well-being, and hosts intercollegiate athletic events. The School of Trade and Industrial Technologies provides academic and vocational programs in the fields of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration , Auto/Diesel Mechanics , Aviation Maintenance and Pilot Training , Construction , Horticulture , Drafting , Electronics and Electricity , Machine Tool , Sheet Metal , and Welding . Most of

4565-637: The final home port of the battleship USS  Iowa  (BB-61) . The Iowa now serves as a museum ship and memorial recognizing "the positive contributions of this battleship and its crew at critical moments in American history". Additionally, the United States Maritime Commission commissioned private San Pedro and Long Beach shipbuilders such as the Calship to build attack transports , Liberty ships, and Victory ships during World War II under

4648-468: The first 24 months of aid (during which time a more flexible set of work activities is available). This change was also intended to decrease the time recipients spend in the program, hence cutting costs at the same time as guarding against a reduction in Federal funding. The State also extends this accountability to the counties through a policy of decreasing funding to counties that don't meet the Federal rate in

4731-550: The first-ever time the Pepsi/NATYCAA Cup, State Associations Division, from the National Association of Two-Year College Athletic Administrators ( NATYCAA ). This award represents the best junior college athletics program in the state of California. LBCC won the award by 20.5 points over second-place Mount San Antonio College , buoyed by state titles in men's water polo, women's soccer, baseball, and men's volleyball, for

4814-519: The increasing student enrollment, there have been issues regarding parking, and as a consequence, those with parking permits usually arrive early during the first few weeks of each semester to avoid traffic. Recent construction projects from Bond Measure E have aggravated the parking situation, but this will be temporary upon completion. Long Beach City College offers a variety of Student Support Services and Programs. These programs are: Career & Job Services (LAC/PCC) - Career counselors assist with

4897-428: The labor market make workfare programs less able to aid parents that are already doing as much as they can to secure jobs that would provide sufficient income. This creates what Eva Bertram describes as "a three-sided trap, defined by a lack of assistance for the nonworking poor, inadequate support for those in low-wage jobs, and few exits from the low-wage sector to middle-class jobs." Other researchers have identified as

4980-409: The line turns west along First Street, then south along Pacific Avenue down to its southern terminus at 21st Street. Heading back north, the line turns west on 22nd Street, north on Gaffey Street, and finally east onto 19th Street before once again meeting Pacific Avenue and turning north. Downtown San Pedro stops include: The Port of Los Angeles is a seaport located in San Pedro Bay and together with

5063-632: The nation. The Long Beach City Vikings compete in the California South Coast Conference , which is part of the California Community College Athletic Association . They formerly competed in the now-defunct California Metropolitan Conference . The Long Beach City College Viking's 1950 football team celebrated what would be their first of five national championships:(1950, 1960 , 1962, 1964 , 1995) The 2005-06 season saw Long Beach City College win for

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5146-588: The nearby Channel Islands of California . The heavy cruisers of the Scouting Force were transferred from the Atlantic to San Pedro in response to the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria . By 1934, 14 battleships, two aircraft carriers , 14 cruisers, and 16 support ships were based at San Pedro. On April 1, 1940, the Pacific Fleet battleships sailed to Hawaii for annual fleet exercises. The battleships remained in

5229-564: The neighboring Port of Long Beach, is promoted as "America's Port" and consistently ranked as the top one and two busiest ports in the Western Hemisphere. The port has 25 cargo terminals, 82 container cranes, 8 container terminals, and 113 miles (182 km) of on-dock rail within 7,500 acres (3,000 ha) of land and water with 43 miles (69 km) of waterfront. The port's top three trading partners were China (including Hong Kong), Japan, and Vietnam. The World Cruise Center offers cruises up and down

5312-457: The now-defunct Associated Men's Students (AMS) and Associated Women's Students (AWS). LBCC is also known for having a nationally renowned volunteer service program, as well as the oldest community college intramural athletics program in the nation. There are campus-run radio and television stations, as well as a campus-run newspaper, named the Viking. Traditional events include Homecoming Week,

5395-503: The now-fixed animals were too wild to become pets and have been allowed to continue roaming the campus. Long Beach City College has 21 athletic programs for men and women. The teams are known as the Vikings, and they have won 16 national and 84 state championships as of Spring 2006. The mascot is a viking named Ole. The Vikings are recognized as a powerhouse in some of the most competitive community college conferences in California, as well as

5478-555: The number of restaurants representing diverse cuisines, especially Croatian , Portuguese , Mexican , Italian , Irish and Greek . San Pedro is home to the largest Italian-American community in Southern California, centered on the "Via Italia" (South Cabrillo Avenue). San Pedro is also considered the heart of the Croatian and Norwegian communities in Los Angeles. The Croatian community, originally composed of seafarers and fishermen from

5561-448: The old Cabrillo Beach Marine Museum which was located in the historic Bath House at Cabrillo Beach . The Point Fermin Light , a Victorian-era structure built in the late 19th century, is a museum and park on a bluff overlooking the ocean. The Korean Bell of Friendship is a massive bronze memorial bell donated by South Korea in 1976 to the people of Los Angeles. The church of Mary Star of

5644-448: The program in 2001 were currently employed, and 97% had been employed at some point while enrolled. The majority of those staying in the program or returning after a brief period not enrolled had been employed while in the program as well. While CalWORKs seems to be effective at getting participants some employment, the quality of that employment is a bigger challenge. The large number of participants who are employed and receiving benefits at

5727-438: The program than they had with the AFDC. The California Legislature initially created CalWORKs to be more generous than many other states' TANF implementations, but has since reformed it to be generally more austere. The lifetime benefit cap, for example, was initially set at 60 months but was reduced in 2011 to 48 months, and split in 2012 so that partial restrictions applied after 24 months. Although states have broad freedom in

5810-806: The program. Of all welfare programs in the state, only CalFresh and earned income tax credits (the federal EITC and the new CalEITC) are responsible for larger reductions (2 percentage points each). This is a larger reduction than the nation-wide average for TANF programs, but by other metrics CalWORKs performs on-par with other states. As far as can be determined from Census (CPS) data, CalWORKs achieves similar effects for low-income families as programs in comparable states. Specifically, no significant differences were found in poverty rates, unemployment rates, TANF (CalWORKs) enrollment rates, or education/training enrollment rates when comparing likely CalWORKs-eligible families. Looking beyond this binary in-or-out of poverty type of effect, CalWORKs' welfare-to-work nature

5893-594: The razing of their homes and shops, as part of the Japanese-American internment during World War II, is described in Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston 's memoir Farewell to Manzanar . A total of 80,065 people lived in San Pedro's 12.06 square miles, according to the 2000 U.S. census—averaging 6,640 people per square mile, near Los Angeles' total population density. The median age was 34 in the San Pedro neighborhood, considered average for Los Angeles. San Pedro

5976-562: The reduced-benefit group stayed approximately equal to that of the control group, however, as increases in wages made up for decreases in benefits. This disposable income (for both groups) remained well below the poverty line. A key way the Federal government exerts its influence is by threatening a reduction in funding unless at least 50% of families receiving monthly payments meet work or job training requirements. Specifically, to be counted toward this Work Participation Rate (WPR), parents must perform 30 hours per week (20 for single parents with

6059-604: The same time illustrate that neither CalWORKs' benefits nor their wages are alone sufficient to meet their family's needs. Indeed, most of those with jobs have extremely low wages (well below their poverty thresholds on average) and little opportunity for advancement. Participants identified a lack of support from CalWORKs for improving inadequate employment or for maintaining employment once hired. In short, unemployed parents in search of jobs are often able to gain employment through CalWORKs, but that does not translate directly to earning sufficient income to meet their family's needs. It

6142-441: The school's programs are located at the Pacific Coast Campus. Long Beach City College is populated with many student-run clubs and organizations. The Associated Student Body (ASB), is the largest group on campus, and is the organization that funds most of the events geared toward students at the college. The ASB Student Senate overlooks the independent clubs as well as the men's and women's social service clubs that used to be under

6225-546: The southern terminus of Interstate 110 , beginning at Gaffey Street heading 20 miles north to Downtown Los Angeles and beyond to Pasadena via the Arroyo Seco Parkway. California State Route 47 heads west from San Pedro across the Vincent Thomas Bridge, connecting San Pedro, Terminal Island, and Wilmington, to Long Beach and beyond. The LA Metro Bus 205 line travel North from 6th and Harbor up to Willowbrook,

6308-772: The trade restrictions were lifted, and the town flourished. Under United States control after 1848, when the United States defeated Mexico in the Mexican–American War , the harbor was greatly improved and expanded under the guidance of Phineas Banning and John Gately Downey , the seventh governor of California after the Free Harbor Fight . In 1868 Banning created the Los Angeles & San Pedro Railroad , Southern California's first railroad and used it to transport goods from San Pedro Bay to Los Angeles , which soon became

6391-486: The two campus names should be changed to reflect the current curriculum of each campus. The campuses are located in Long Beach, Los Angeles County , California. The Liberal Arts Campus is situated north of Interstate 405 and south of State Highway 91 , along the major roads of Carson Street, which divides the campus in two portions, Lakewood Boulevard , which borders the campus to the west, and Clark Avenue, which borders

6474-404: The west by Rancho Palos Verdes and the city of Lomita . San Pedro, Wilmington, and Terminal Island are the locations of the Port of Los Angeles . The Vincent Thomas Bridge is a 1,500-foot-long (457 m) suspension bridge linking San Pedro with Terminal Island and named after California Assemblyman Vincent Thomas . (It is the fourth longest suspension bridge in California.) Nearby

6557-484: Was a coastal defense site for many years. Woodrow Wilson transferred 200 United States Navy ships from the Atlantic to the Pacific in 1919 when tension arose between the United States and Japan over the fate of China. San Diego Bay was considered too shallow for the largest ships, so the battleships anchored in San Pedro Bay on August 9, 1919. Local availability of fuel oil minimized transportation costs, and consistently good weather allowed frequent gunnery exercises off

6640-405: Was average for the city and county. Renters occupied 56.1% of the housing units, and homeowners occupied the rest. In 2000 there were 3,394 families headed by single parents, or 17.5%, a rate that was average for the county and the city. In the same year there were 6,559 military veterans, or 11% of the population, considered high when compared to the city and county as a whole. San Pedro serves as

6723-600: Was created by the Welfare-to-Work Act of 1997. It replaced the former Greater Avenues to Independence (GAIN) program, the California implementation of the federal Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program. At the Federal level, AFDC was replaced with TANF in 1996, bringing work requirements that were stricter than those of the AFDC program, and a new cap on individuals' lifetime benefits. While these requirements for participants were stricter, TANF did give more freedom to states to design their implementations of

6806-482: Was declared 2017 Neighborhood of the year by Curbed Los Angeles. CalWORKs The California Work Opportunities and Responsibility to Kids ( CalWORKs ) program is the California welfare implementation of the federal welfare-to-work Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program that provides cash aid and services to eligible needy California families. CalWORKs provides cash aid to parents, as well as

6889-590: Was the homeland of the Tongva for thousands of years, home to the village of Chowigna along and the nearby Suangna . In other areas of the Los Angeles Basin archeological sites date back to at least about 10,000 years old. The Tongva used seafaring plank canoes or te'aats , found all throughout the coastline, to travel to and from the Channel Islands and along the coastline. The boats are still constructed by

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