Misplaced Pages

#529470

24-456: The Little Salmon River rises at an elevation of 6,280 feet (1,915 m) above sea level on Blue Bunch Ridge in the Sawtooth Range of south-central Idaho, near Payette Lake . From there, it flows north through the broad Meadows Valley past Meadows and New Meadows , where it receives Goose Creek from the right and Mud Creek from the left. The river then enters a canyon, cutting across

48-598: A named geographic feature in the state, and gives the drainage basin area, mouth coordinates, and river mile, specifically the distance from the mouth of the tributary to the mouth of its parent stream. Some islands are named for their river mile distance, for example the Allegheny River in Pennsylvania has Six Mile Island, Nine Mile Island, Twelve Mile Island, and Fourteen Mile Island. (The last two islands form Allegheny Islands State Park , although Fourteen Mile Island

72-622: A past activity in the valley, and tourism and fishing are growing industries. In a rare occurrence with rivers, the Little Salmon starts out in a developed, relatively flat area and flows through mountains further downstream, bearing some resemblance to the Klamath River , which also begins in an agricultural valley before cutting through mountains to the sea. Historically, the Nez Perce , Shoshone , and Bannock Native American tribes inhabited

96-581: A result of a rift valley developing between the Rocky Mountains and the Columbia Plateau section of the Intermontane Plateaus . Columbia River basalts underlie much of the western and central parts of the watershed, while other types of volcanic rock of closer origin form the foundations of the eastern mountains. The entire watershed is dissected by fault-block rifting. The water table

120-498: Is a measure of distance in miles along a river from its mouth . River mile numbers begin at zero and increase further upstream. The corresponding metric unit using kilometers is the river kilometer . They are analogous to vehicle roadway mile markers , except that river miles are rarely marked on the physical river; instead they are marked on navigation charts, and topographic maps. Riverfront properties are sometimes partially legally described by their river mile. The river mile

144-426: Is developing a 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) to keep up with growing needs for high quality topographic data. 3DEP is a collection of enhanced elevation data in the form of high quality LiDAR data over the conterminous United States, Hawaii, and the U.S. territories. There are three bare earth DEM layers in 3DEP which are nationally seamless at the resolution of 1/3, 1, and 2 arcseconds. River mile A river mile

168-407: Is high, and soils are generally well drained and of volcanic origin. The upper section of the watershed is a broad and low-gradient, sediment-floored valley used primarily for agriculture and ranching activities. It also has most of the basin's population. The rest of the river flows in a wild, deep, and narrow canyon mostly undeveloped with the exception of US Highway 95. Logging has also been

192-518: Is just the name of the river and the location in river miles. In cases where there is ambiguity, for example when more than one stream has the same name, it uses a series of river mile strings referring to the distance to the ocean along either the Ohio River (and Mississippi River ) or through Lake Erie (and the Saint Lawrence Seaway ). Another example of a River Mile System is utilized by

216-486: Is mainly used when referring to points on the Earth's surface, while altitude or geopotential height is used for points above the surface, such as an aircraft in flight or a spacecraft in orbit, and depth is used for points below the surface. Elevation is not to be confused with the distance from the center of the Earth. Due to the equatorial bulge , the summits of Mount Everest and Chimborazo have, respectively,

240-524: Is not the same as the length of the river, rather it is a means of locating any feature along the river relative to its distance from the mouth, when measured along the course (or navigable channel) of the river. River mile zero may not be exactly at the mouth. For example, the Willamette River (which discharges into the Columbia River ) has its river mile zero at the edge of the navigable channel in

264-493: The 1850s and established farms, ranches and towns. Communications to the outside world was limited until the construction of roads and railroads in the early 20th century. Despite that, the region has still remained relatively isolated. The Payette National Forest and Nez Perce National Forest cover portions of the Little Salmon River watershed, but at no point does the river flow over federally protected lands. However,

SECTION 10

#1732845405530

288-749: The Columbia, some 900 feet (270 m) beyond the mouth. Also, the river mile zero for the Lower Mississippi River is located at Head of Passes , where the main stem of the Mississippi splits into three major branches before flowing into the Gulf of Mexico . Mileages are indicated as AHP (Above Head of Passes) or BHP (Below Head of Passes). River miles are used in a variety of ways. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , in its 2001 Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams , lists every named stream and every unnamed stream in

312-472: The Salmon River at the south end of Riggins , at 1,720 feet (525 m) above sea level. A U.S. Geological Survey stream gauge at the mouth recorded an average flow of 731.1 cubic feet per second (20.7 m/s) from 1952 to present. with a mean daily flow rate of 2500 cfs. The highest flow ever recorded was 12,600 cu ft/s (360 m/s) on June 17, 1974. The Little Salmon River formed as

336-637: The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, in New Mexico, on the Rio Grande. The river miles in Central New Mexico are measured from Caballo Dam upstream to near Embudo , New Mexico. For example, a river mile sign in the Albuquerque Bosque (part of Albuquerque's Open Space Park) is River Mile 184, approximately 184 miles above Caballo Dam . As mentioned earlier in this system the further you go up stream the higher

360-542: The banks of the river. Irrigation is now the primary water use in the Little Salmon River watershed. Although irrigated farmland lies all along the river, most of it is in the Meadows Valley and also in the watershed of Round Valley Creek, a major western tributary. There are 18,500 acres (75 km) of irrigated farmland in the Meadows Valley and the Round Valley Creek area, and 700 acres (2.8 km) closer to

384-463: The confluence with Round Valley Creek, marks the end of the limit for anadromous fish . However, this barrier may have been different at some point in the past, because Native Americans have traditionally fished on the Little Salmon well upriver of the falls. Other than salmon, steelhead , Pacific lamprey , several different species of trout and dace , and other species of fish, are also present. Cottonwood , willow , dogwood and alder grow along

408-482: The federal Endangered Species Act. [REDACTED] Media related to Little Salmon River at Wikimedia Commons Elevation The elevation of a geographic location is its height above or below a fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid , a mathematical model of the Earth 's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface (see Geodetic datum § Vertical datum ). The term elevation

432-579: The landscape at different scales. Tools inside the GIS allow for manipulation of data for spatial analysis or cartography. A topographical map is the main type of map used to depict elevation, often through contour lines . In a Geographic Information System (GIS), digital elevation models (DEM) are commonly used to represent the surface (topography) of a place, through a raster (grid) dataset of elevations. Digital terrain models are another way to represent terrain in GIS. USGS (United States Geologic Survey)

456-617: The largest elevation and the largest geocentric distance. In aviation, the term elevation or aerodrome elevation is defined by the ICAO as the highest point of the landing area. It is often measured in feet and can be found in approach charts of the aerodrome. It is not to be confused with terms such as the altitude or height. GIS or geographic information system is a computer system that allows for visualizing, manipulating, capturing, and storage of data with associated attributes. GIS offers better understanding of patterns and relationships of

480-438: The mouth of the river. Although no dams have been built on the river, there are three dams in the headwaters of Goose Creek , a major tributary of the river, to regulate flows for irrigation water. The total water usage for irrigation is 74,800 acre-feet (92,300,000 m) per year. Little Salmon River is home to fish species such as Steelhead , Spring-Summer Chinook , and Rainbow Trout .The former two species are listed under

504-494: The river is also completely free flowing and unobstructed by dams or dikes. Most of the watershed receives about 20 to 25 inches (510 to 640 mm) of rainfall per year. On higher mountain slopes rainfall can be up to 40 to 50 inches (100 to 130 cm) annually, and on the highest west-facing mountains, precipitation can be much higher than that. About half of the river is inhabited by namesake salmon, but at river mile  24.7 ( river kilometer  39.8) Little Salmon Falls, at

SECTION 20

#1732845405530

528-526: The watershed of the Little Salmon River. Their lifestyle depended on the river for salmon and on the surrounding lands for other animals, as well as precious natural minerals and resources that provided them with items to trade. Europeans introduced horses to the Bannock, who in turn spread their use to the Shoshones, allowing them to travel further and hunt buffalo and other big game. Settlers began arriving in

552-519: The western edge of the Salmon River Mountains , forming the boundary between Idaho and Adams counties. Most of the Little Salmon runs parallel to U.S. Route 95 , with the highway crossing it several times. It receives Hazard Creek and Payette Creek both from the right, then receives Boulder Creek, the Rapid River , and Squaw Creek from the left, and past Pollock , then joins

576-538: Was split into two parts by a dam). The state of Ohio uses the "River Mile System of Ohio", which is "a method to reference locations on streams and rivers of Ohio". This work began by hand measurements on paper maps between 1972 and 1975 and has since been converted to a computer-based electronic version, which now covers the state in 787 river mile maps. Locations of facilities such as wastewater treatment plants and water quality measurement sites are referenced via river miles. Ohio uses one of two systems. The simplest

#529470