111-396: Linux Mint is an Ubuntu -based and Debian -based Linux distribution . It comes bundled with a variety of free and open-source applications. Linux Mint offers three different desktop environments by default; Cinnamon , Xfce , and MATE . Linux Mint began in 2006 with a beta release, 1.0, code-named 'Ada', based on Kubuntu and using its KDE interface. Linux Mint 2.0 'Barbara'
222-573: A rolling release based directly on Debian and not tied to Ubuntu packages or its release schedule. It was announced on May 27, 2015, that the Linux Mint team would no longer support the original rolling release version of LMDE after January 1, 2016. LMDE 2 'Betsy' was a long-term support release based on Debian Jessie . When LMDE 2 was released, it was announced that all LMDE users would be automatically upgraded to new versions of MintTools software and new desktop environments before they were released into
333-401: A 'functional logind' from systemd . LMDE 3 (a.k.a. Cindy ) completed the switch from sysvinit to systemd. It was based on Debian Stretch, and released on August 31, 2018, shipping as a single edition with Cinnamon. As of July 1, 2020, this version is no longer supported. LMDE 4 (a.k.a. Debbie ) was based on Debian Buster (version 10), and was released on March 20, 2020. This version shipped
444-408: A 2 GB or larger installation medium. The last release of Ubuntu available on a minimal CD was 18.04. 32-bit x86 processors were supported up to Ubuntu 18.04. It was decided to support " legacy software ", i.e. select 32-bit i386 packages , for Ubuntu 19.10 (since out of support) and 20.04 LTS. On 9 August 2024, Ubuntu announced a change in policy to always use the latest upstream code of
555-503: A code name, using a female first name starting with the letter whose alphabetical index corresponds to the version number and ending with the letter "a" (e.g., "Elyssa" for version 5, "Felicia" for version 6). Releases were timed to be approximately one month after Ubuntu releases (which in turn are about one month after GNOME releases and two months after X Window System releases). Consequently, every Linux Mint release came with an updated version of both GNOME and X and features some of
666-501: A collaboration to work on its implementation. A version of the software was shown in a September 2015 conference, and the UK Crown Commercial Service announced an interest in using the software. On 15 December 2015, Collabora, in partnership with ownCloud, released a technical preview of LibreOffice Online branded as Collabora Online Development Edition (CODE). In July 2016 the enterprise version Collabora Online 1.0
777-399: A developer. In combination with other freezes, this helps packagers ensure that frozen features interoperate well together. Ubuntu aims to be secure by default. User programs run with low privileges and cannot corrupt the operating system or other users' files. For increased security, the sudo tool is used to assign temporary privileges for performing administrative tasks, which allows
888-461: A different set of default packages compared to the standard Ubuntu Desktop. Since they share the same package repositories, all of the same software is available for each of them. Ubuntu Core is the sole exception as it only has access to packages in the Snap Store. The server edition (like the desktop version) supports hardware virtualization and can be run in a virtual machine , either inside
999-498: A document viewer for Android 4.0 or newer was released in January 2015; in May 2015, LibreOffice Viewer for Android was released with basic editing capabilities. In February 2020, Collabora released its first officially supported version of LibreOffice (branded as Collabora Office) for Android and iOS. In July 2020, Collabora shipped an app, branded Collabora Office, for ChromeOS , as used on
1110-703: A fork. It was also the standard build mechanism for OpenOffice.org in most Linux distributions and was contributed to by said distributions. In 2007, ooo-build was made available by Novell as a software package called Go-oo (ooo-build had used the go-oo.org domain name as early as 2005 ), which included many features not included in upstream OpenOffice.org. Go-oo also encouraged outside contributions, with rules similar to those later adopted for LibreOffice. Sun's contributions to OpenOffice.org had been declining for some time. They remained reluctant to accept contributions and contributors were upset at Sun releasing OpenOffice.org code to IBM for IBM Lotus Symphony under
1221-784: A host operating system or in a hypervisor , such as VMware ESXi , Oracle , Citrix XenServer , Microsoft Hyper-V , QEMU , a Kernel-based Virtual Machine , or any other IBM PC compatible emulator or virtualiser. AppArmor security module for the Linux kernel is used by default on key software packages, and the firewall is extended to common services used by the operating system. It has versions of key server software pre-installed, including Tomcat, PostgreSQL (v12.2), Docker, Puppet, Python (v3.9), PHP (v8.0), NGINX (v1.17), and MySQL (v8.0). Ubuntu had some official distributions that have been discontinued, such as Gobuntu ; including some previously supported by Canonical, like Ubuntu Touch , that
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#17328586733731332-506: A list which is a reordering of former list, ordered by power-efficiency. On the TOP500 list, that supercomputer was ranked 170nd (and many Ubuntu-based rank higher than that). The public sector has also adopted Ubuntu. As of January 2009 , the Ministry of Education and Science of North Macedonia deployed more than 180,000 Ubuntu-based classroom desktops, and has encouraged every student in
1443-444: A partner repository that let vendors of proprietary software deliver their products to Ubuntu users at no cost through the same familiar tools for installing and upgrading software. The software in the partner repository was officially supported with security and other important updates by its respective vendors. Canonical supported the packaging of the software for Ubuntu and provided guidance to vendors. However, in anticipation for
1554-522: A proprietary contract, rather than under an open source licence. Sun was purchased by Oracle Corporation in early 2010. OpenOffice.org community members were concerned by Oracle's behaviour towards open source software, specifically the Java lawsuit against Google and Oracle's withdrawal of developers, and lack of activity on or visible commitment to OpenOffice.org, as had been noted by industry observers; as Meeks put it in early September 2010, "The news from
1665-451: A score of 5/5, stating "We haven't found a single problem with the distro... we're more than satisfied with the smooth, user-friendly experience that Linux Mint 15, and Cinnamon 1.8, provides for it to be our main distro for at least another 6 months". In 2016, reviews of Linux Mint 18 "Sarah" were somewhat mixed, with several that were quite favorable and others critical of several specific new problems, with multiple reviews complaining about
1776-453: A semi- rolling release development model, which periodically introduced 'Update Packs' (tested snapshots of Debian Testing). Installing an Update Pack allowed the user to keep LMDE 1 current, without having to reinstall the system every six months as with Mint Main. As of May 17, 2015, it has an upgrade path to LMDE 2. LMDE 2 (a.k.a. Betsy ) was released on April 10, 2015. LMDE 2 was based on Debian Jessie , and received automatic updates to
1887-519: A single edition using Cinnamon. LMDE 5 (a.k.a. Elsie ) was based on Debian Bullseye (version 11), and was released on March 20, 2022. It shipped with the Cinnamon desktop environment and supported both amd64 and i386 architectures. Linux Mint Debian Edition 6 "Faye" entered public beta with Debian Bookworm base, Cinnamon 5.8, and enhanced features, but only for testing purposes. LMDE 6 was released on 27 September 2023. Individual users and companies using
1998-862: Is cross platform software . The Document Foundation developers target Microsoft Windows (IA-32 and x86-64), Linux (IA-32, x86-64, and ARM ) and macOS (x86-64 and ARM ). There are community ports for FreeBSD , NetBSD , OpenBSD and Mac OS X 10.5 PowerPC receive support from contributors to those projects, respectively. LibreOffice is also installable on OpenIndiana via SFE. Historically, predecessors of LibreOffice, dating back to StarOffice 3, have run on Solaris with SPARC CPUs that Sun Microsystems (and later Oracle) made. Unofficial ports of LibreOffice, whose versions are now obsolete, have supported SPARC. Current unofficial ports of LibreOffice 5.2.5 run only on Intel-compatible hardware, up to Solaris 11. In 2011, developers announced plans to port LibreOffice both to Android and to iOS . A beta version of
2109-475: Is a Linux distribution derived from Debian and composed mostly of free and open-source software . Ubuntu is officially released in multiple editions: Desktop , Server , and Core for Internet of things devices and robots . The operating system is developed by the British company Canonical and a community of other developers, under a meritocratic governance model. As of October 2024 ,
2220-535: Is a free and open-source office productivity software suite, a project of The Document Foundation (TDF). It was forked in 2010 from OpenOffice.org , an open-sourced version of the earlier StarOffice . It consists of programs for word processing; creating and editing spreadsheets, slideshows, diagrams, and drawings; working with databases ; and composing mathematical formulae. It is available in 120 languages. TDF does not provide support for LibreOffice, but enterprise-focused editions are available from companies in
2331-434: Is also officially supported. Live images are the typical way for users to assess and subsequently install Ubuntu. These can be downloaded as a disk image ( .iso ) and subsequently burnt to a DVD or USB flash drive and then booted. Other methods include running the live version via Ventoy , UNetbootin , Universal USB Installer , or Startup Disk Creator (a pre-installed tool on Ubuntu, available on machines already running
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#17328586733732442-504: Is also prevalent on VPS platforms such as DigitalOcean . Ubuntu has support for OpenStack, with Eucalyptus to OpenStack migration tools added by Canonical. Ubuntu 11.10 added focus on OpenStack as the Ubuntu's preferred IaaS offering though Eucalyptus is also supported. Another major focus is Canonical Juju for provisioning, deploying, hosting, managing, and orchestrating enterprise data center infrastructure services, by, with, and for
2553-521: Is available in Writer, Calc and Base. It is used to write small programs known as "macros", with each macro performing a different task, such as counting the words in a paragraph. Members of the OpenOffice.org community who were not Sun Microsystems employees had wanted a more egalitarian form for the OpenOffice.org project for many years; Sun had stated in the original OpenOffice.org announcement in 2000 that
2664-416: Is available to configure it. Ubuntu compiles its packages using GCC features such as PIE and buffer overflow protection to harden its software. These extra features greatly increase security at the performance expense of 0.01% in 64-bit . Ubuntu also supports full disk encryption as well as encryption of the home and private directories. The system requirements vary among Ubuntu products. For
2775-456: Is available with a number of desktop environments to choose from, including the default Cinnamon desktop, MATE and Xfce . Other desktop environments can be installed via APT , Synaptic, or via the custom Mint Software Manager. Linux Mint implements Mandatory Access Control with AppArmor to enhance security by default, and restricts the default network-facing processes. Linux Mint actively develops software for its operating system. Most of
2886-417: Is given its own -updates repository (e.g. intrepid-updates). The repository is supported by Canonical Ltd. for packages in main and restricted, and by the community for packages in universe and multiverse. All updates to the repository must meet certain requirements and go through the -proposed repository before being made available to the public. Updates are scheduled to be available until the end of life for
2997-584: Is more limited than that of Main, because the developers may not have access to the source code . It is intended that Main and Restricted should contain all software needed for a complete desktop environment. In addition to the above, in which the software does not receive new features after an initial release, Ubuntu Backports is an officially recognised repository for backporting newer software from later versions of Ubuntu. The -updates repository provides stable release updates (SRU) of Ubuntu and are generally installed through update-manager. Each release
3108-458: Is not allowed to be modified , its distribution is still permitted. Non-free software is usually unsupported (Multiverse), but some exceptions (Restricted) are made for important non-free software. Supported non-free software includes device drivers that can be used to run Ubuntu on some current hardware, such as binary-only graphics card drivers . The level of support in the Restricted category
3219-426: Is now maintained by volunteers (UBports Community). Alongside the official flavours are those that are unofficial. These are still in the process of becoming recognised as official flavours by Canonical. Ubuntu offers Ubuntu Cloud Images which are pre-installed disk images that have been customised by Ubuntu engineering to run on cloud-platforms such as Amazon EC2 , OpenStack , Microsoft Azure and LXC . Ubuntu
3330-407: Is possible to skip an LTS upgrade, going straight from 16.04 LTS to 18.04.5 LTS, by waiting for a point release that supports such updating. LTS releases have optional extended security maintenance (ESM) support available, including e.g. 18.04 "Bionic" that is otherwise out of public support, adding support for that version up to 2028, giving a total of 10 years. Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) ,
3441-408: Is the default office suite of the most popular Linux distributions . LibreOffice Online is an online office suite that includes the applications Writer, Calc, and Impress, and provides an upstream for projects such as commercial Collabora Online . It is the most actively developed free and open-source office suite, with approximately 50 times the development activity of Apache OpenOffice ,
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3552-616: Is the last version to support the FTP protocol. New features include: In late 2017 The Document Foundation held a competition for the new mascot of LibreOffice. The mascot was to be used primarily by the community, and was not intended to supersede existing logos for the project. Over 300 concepts were submitted before the first evaluation phase. The mascot contest was cancelled soon after new submissions stopped being accepted. The Document Foundation cited their lack of clear rules and arguments among community members as their reasoning for cancelling
3663-455: Is the variant officially recommended for most users. It is designed for desktop and laptop PCs and is officially supported by Canonical. A number of variants are distinguished simply by each featuring a different desktop environment, or, in the case of Ubuntu Server, no desktop. LXQt and Xfce are often recommended for use with older PCs that may have less memory and processing power available. Most Ubuntu editions and flavours simply install
3774-483: The Apache Software Foundation , where the project was accepted for a project incubation process within the foundation, thus becoming Apache OpenOffice . In an interview with LWN in May 2011, Ubuntu founder Mark Shuttleworth blamed The Document Foundation for destroying OpenOffice.org because it did not license its code under Oracle's Contributor License Agreement . In opposition to Shuttleworth's view,
3885-622: The Free Software Foundation . Extensions and scripts for LibreOffice can be written in C++, Java, CLI , Python, and LibreOffice Basic . Interpreters for the latter two are bundled with most LibreOffice installers, so no additional installation is needed. The application programming interface for LibreOffice is called " UNO " and is extensively documented. LibreOffice Basic is a programming language similar to Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) but based on StarOffice Basic . It
3996-663: The GStreamer multimedia framework in Linux to render multimedia content such as videos in Impress and other programs. Visually, LibreOffice used the large " Tango style" icons that are used for the application shortcuts, quick launch icons, icons for associated files and for the icons found on the toolbar of the LibreOffice programs in the past, and used on the toolbars and menus by default. They were later replaced by multiple icon themes to adapt
4107-453: The LibreOffice suite. The 18.x series follows the pattern set by the 17.x series, by using Ubuntu 16.04 LTS as a base. Linux Mint does not communicate specific release dates as new versions are published 'when ready', meaning that they can be released early when the distribution is ahead of schedule or late when critical bugs are found. New releases are announced, with much other material, on
4218-689: The Linux kernel at the time of each Ubuntu release, even if the kernel code hasn't seen a stable release. As of version 24.10, a default installation of Ubuntu contains a minimal selection of software, namely a web browser ( Firefox ) and basic GNOME utilities (including the desktop). Many additional software packages are accessible from the built-in Ubuntu Software (previously Ubuntu Software Center ) as well as any other APT-based package management tools. Many additional software packages that are no longer installed by default, such as Evolution , GIMP , Pidgin , and Synaptic , are still accessible in
4329-501: The RAR file format . Additionally, third-party application suites are available for download via Ubuntu Software and the Snap store , including many games such as Braid , Minecraft and Oil Rush , software for DVD playback and media codecs. Each Ubuntu release has a version number that consists of the year and month number of the release. For example, the first release was Ubuntu 4.10 as it
4440-400: The root account to remain locked and helps prevent inexperienced users from inadvertently making catastrophic system changes or opening security holes. Polkit is also being widely implemented into the desktop. Most network ports are closed by default to prevent hacking. A built-in firewall , Uncomplicated Firewall , allows end-users who install network servers to control access. A GUI
4551-1055: The 'Ubuntu stack' (cloud computing infrastructure). The first LTS releases were supported for three years on the desktop and five years on the server; since Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, desktop support for LTS releases was increased to five years as well. LTS releases get regular point releases with support for new hardware and integration of all the updates published in that series to date. Ubuntu packages are based on Debian 's unstable branch, which are synchronized every six months. Both distributions use Debian's deb package format and package management tools (e.g. APT and Ubuntu Software ). Debian and Ubuntu packages are not necessarily binary compatible with each other, however, so packages may need to be rebuilt from source to be used in Ubuntu. Many Ubuntu developers are also maintainers of key packages within Debian. Ubuntu cooperates with Debian by pushing changes back to Debian, although there has been criticism that this does not happen often enough. Ian Murdock ,
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4662-399: The 17.x series, and for two years applications would be backported to 17.x, with security updates until 2019. The latest release is Linux Mint 22 "Wilma", released on July 25, 2024. As an LTS release, it will be supported until 2029. Linux Mint Debian Edition , not compatible with Ubuntu, is based on Debian and updates are brought in continuously between major versions (of LMDE). In 2016,
4773-569: The Character dialog. LibreOffice supports a "hybrid PDF" format, a file in Portable Document Format (PDF) which can be read by any program supporting PDF, but also contains the source document in ODF format, editable in LibreOffice by dragging and dropping. The LibreOffice project uses a dual LGPLv 3 (or later) / MPL 2.0 license for new contributions to allow the license to be upgraded. Since
4884-534: The Fedora LibreOffice Special Interest Group instead of Red Hat. LibreOffice Online is the online office suite edition of LibreOffice. It allows for the use of LibreOffice through a web browser by using the canvas element of HTML5 . Development was announced at the first LibreOffice Conference in October 2011, and is ongoing. The Document Foundation, IceWarp , and Collabora announced
4995-502: The Linux Mint blog. On January 3, 2018, the Linux Mint Team released news of Linux Mint 19 'Tara'. The team stated that the 19.x releases would use GTK 3.22 and be based on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, with support provided until 2023. On June 29, 2018, Linux Mint 19 'Tara' Cinnamon was released. Then, on December 24, 2019, Linux Mint 19.3, 'Tricia' was released, with security updates available until 2023. On June 27, 2020, Linux Mint 20 'Ulyana'
5106-479: The Linux Mint team released the X-Apps , a collection of applications that aims to work across different GTK-based desktop environments such as but not limited to Cinnamon, Budgie, Unity, MATE, and XFCE; most of these applications have a traditional user interface (UI), for example, using a menu bar instead of a header-bar. According to the team, the integration of many applications as tied to specific environments and that
5217-528: The OS) directly from a USB drive (making, respectively, a live DVD or live USB medium). Running Ubuntu in this way is slower than running it from a hard drive , but does not alter the computer unless specifically instructed by the user. If the user chooses to boot the live image rather than execute an installer at boot time, there is still the option to then use the Ubuntu Desktop Installer once booted into
5328-446: The OS. Starting with version 18, the installer provides an option to install third-party, proprietary software. Linux Mint comes bundled with a wide range of application software , including LibreOffice , Firefox , Thunderbird , HexChat , Pidgin , Transmission , and VLC media player . Additional programs can be downloaded using the package manager, adding a PPA , or adding a source to
5439-635: The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), or OpenDocument , an international standard developed jointly by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). LibreOffice also supports the file formats of most other major office suites, including Microsoft Office , through a variety of import and export filters. LibreOffice can use
5550-468: The OpenOffice.org Community Council involved with The Document Foundation step down from the OOo Community Council, claiming a conflict of interest. The name "LibreOffice" was picked after research in trademark databases and social media and checks to ensure it could be used for URLs in various countries. Oracle rejected requests to donate the OpenOffice.org brand to the project. LibreOffice
5661-535: The Oracle OpenOffice conference was that there was no news." Discussion of a fork started soon after. On 28 September 2010, The Document Foundation was announced as the host of LibreOffice, a new derivative of OpenOffice.org. The Document Foundation's initial announcement stated their concerns that Oracle would either discontinue OpenOffice.org, or place restrictions on it as an open source project, as it had on Sun's OpenSolaris . LibreOffice 3.3 beta used
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#17328586733735772-620: The Ubuntu Server. As Ubuntu is distributed freely and historically there was no registration process (still optional ), Ubuntu usage can only be roughly estimated. In 2015, Canonical's Ubuntu Insights page stated "Ubuntu now has over 40 million desktop users and counting". W3Techs Web Technology Surveys estimated in November 2020 that: W3Techs analyses the top 10 million websites only. Wikimedia Foundation data (based on user agent ) for September 2013 shows that Ubuntu generated
5883-569: The Ubuntu desktop release 22.04 LTS, a PC with at least 2 GHz dual-core processor, 4 GB of RAM and 25 GB of free disk space is recommended. For less powerful computers, there are other Ubuntu distributions such as Lubuntu and Xubuntu . Ubuntu also supports the ARM architecture . It is also available on Power ISA , while older PowerPC architecture was at one point unofficially supported, and now newer Power ISA CPUs ( POWER8 ) are supported. The x86-64 ("AMD64") architecture
5994-420: The Ubuntu project. On 12 March 2009, Ubuntu announced developer support for third-party cloud management platforms, such as those used at Amazon EC2 . In 2011, Ubuntu's default desktop was changed from GNOME 2 to the in-house Unity instead of GNOME 3 . After nearly 6.5 years, the default desktop was changed back to GNOME 3 in 2017 upon the release of version 17.10 . Ubuntu, since 16.04.5, requires
6105-507: The Windows 2000 operating system. New features include: New features include: This was the last version to support the Windows XP and Vista operating system. This version removed support for Firefox personas. This is the first version added experimental support for Windows ARM64 platform. This is the first version to provide experimental support for Apple Silicon-based ARM Macs. This
6216-458: The adjective portion of the code name; for example, the 24.04 LTS release is commonly known as "Noble". Releases are timed to be approximately one month after GNOME releases. Upgrades from one LTS release to the next LTS release (e.g. Ubuntu 16.04 LTS to Ubuntu 18.04 LTS etc.) are supported, while upgrades from non-LTS have only supported upgrade to the next release, regardless of its LTS status (e.g. Ubuntu 23.10 to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS). However, it
6327-400: The announcement of the team that it could develop an IPTV application. Linux Mint has multiple editions based on Ubuntu, with various desktop environments available. It also has a Debian -based edition. As of Linux Mint 13, there are two main editions developed by the core development team and using Ubuntu as a base. One includes Linux Mint's own Cinnamon as the desktop environment while
6438-506: The application software installed by default is free software. In addition, Ubuntu redistributes some hardware drivers that are available only in binary format, but such packages are clearly marked in the restricted component. Current long-term support (LTS) releases are supported for five years, and are released every two years. Since the release of Ubuntu 6.06, every fourth release receives long-term support. Long-term support includes updates for new hardware, security patches and updates to
6549-516: The computers' BIOS must support booting from USB). In newer versions of Ubuntu, the Ubuntu Live USB creator can be used to install Ubuntu on a USB drive (with or without a live CD or DVD). Creating a bootable USB drive with persistence is as simple as dragging a slider to determine how much space to reserve for persistence; for this, Ubuntu employs casper . Ubuntu divides most software into four domains to reflect differences in licensing and
6660-411: The contest. Since March 2014 and version 4.2.2, two different major "released" versions of LibreOffice are available at any time in addition to development versions (numbered release candidates and dated nightly builds). The versions are designated to signal their appropriateness for differing user requirements. Releases are designated by three numbers separated by dots. The first two numbers represent
6771-475: The core of the OpenOffice.org codebase was donated to the Apache Software Foundation , there is an ongoing effort to get all the code rebased to ease future license updates. LibreOffice supports third-party extensions. As of July 2017 , the LibreOffice Extension Repository lists more than 320 extensions. Another list is maintained by the Apache Software Foundation and another one by
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#17328586733736882-561: The country to use Ubuntu-powered computer workstations; the Spanish school system has 195,000 Ubuntu desktops. The French police, having already started using open-source software in 2005 by replacing Microsoft Office with OpenOffice.org , decided to transition to Ubuntu from Windows XP after the release of Windows Vista in 2006. By March 2009, the Gendarmerie Nationale had already switched 5,000 workstations to Ubuntu. Based on
6993-591: The degree of support available. Some unsupported applications receive updates from community members known as "Masters of the Universe" (MOTU), but not from Canonical Ltd. Free software includes software that has met the Ubuntu licensing requirements, which roughly correspond to the Debian Free Software Guidelines . Exceptions, however, include firmware , in the Main category, because although some firmware
7104-588: The development is done in Python and the source code is available on GitHub. The Cinnamon desktop environment is a fork of GNOME Shell with Mint Gnome Shell Extensions (MGSE) on top. It was released as an add-on for Linux Mint 12 and has been available as a default desktop environment since Linux Mint 13. Hypnotix is the IPTV software developed by the Mint team. The first prototype was released in 2020 following positive reaction to
7215-592: The ecosystem. LibreOffice uses the OpenDocument standard as its native file format, but supports formats of most other major office suites, including Microsoft Office , through a variety of import and export filters. It is available for a variety of computing platforms , with official support for Microsoft Windows , macOS , and Linux and community builds for many other platforms. Ecosystem partner Collabora uses LibreOffice upstream code and provides apps for Android , iOS , iPadOS , and ChromeOS . LibreOffice
7326-416: The end of November 2014 and supported until April 2019. In mid-2014 the, successor to 17 Qiana was announced to be 17.1 Rebecca; the development team said that from a technical point of view Linux Mint was no longer tied to the Ubuntu schedule, so it could be released at any time, although the six-month cycle provided rhythm, leading to a late November 2014 target. Linux Mint 17 LTS would be the first release of
7437-413: The former Sun executive Simon Phipps argued in the interview for the same online magazine, that the lay-off was an inevitable business decision by Oracle, not impacted by existence of LibreOffice. In March 2015, an LWN.net comparison of LibreOffice with its cousin project Apache OpenOffice concluded that "LibreOffice has won the battle for developer participation". This was the last version to support
7548-490: The founder of Debian, had expressed concern about Ubuntu packages potentially diverging too far from Debian to remain compatible. Before release, packages are imported from Debian unstable continuously and merged with Ubuntu-specific modifications. At some point during the release process, the Debian Import Freeze is implemented. This prevents the automatic import of packages from Debian without an explicit request from
7659-421: The improvements brought in by the latest Ubuntu release. Support for most releases was discontinued two months after the next release, but since mid-2008 v5, every fourth release has been labelled a long-term support version, indicating that it is supported (with updates) for longer, three years for v5 and v9, and five years thereafter. Linux Mint 17 "Qiana" LTS was released on May 31, 2014, remaining current until
7770-513: The kernel to be able to support the most modern hardware chipsets and devices. The Linux Mint Debian Edition ( LMDE ) uses Debian Stable as the software source base rather than Ubuntu . LMDE was originally based directly on Debian's Testing branch , but is designed to provide the same functionality and look and feel as the Ubuntu-based editions . LMDE has its own package repositories . The original LMDE (now often referred to as LMDE 1 ) had
7881-443: The lack of multimedia/codec support by default. Multimedia codecs that had previously been included in the standard Mint distribution were no longer included in "Sarah", but could be loaded with a graphical application that one Ars Technica reviewer said should be obvious for new users. ZDNet Contributing Editor Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols, reviewing Linux Mint 19 and LM 19.1 in the articles "The Linux Mint desktop continues to lead
7992-441: The latest interim release is 24.10 ("Oracular Oriole"), with most-recent long-term support release is 24.04 ("Noble Numbat"). As with other Linux distributions, all of the editions can run on a computer alone, or in a virtual machine . An upgrade to Ubuntu is released every six months, with long-term support (LTS) releases every two years. Canonical provides security updates and support for each Ubuntu release, starting from
8103-512: The latest versions of MintTools and the installed desktop environment before they were released into the Mint Main edition. LMDE 2 was available with both the MATE and Cinnamon desktop environments. Both image versions received an update in January 2017. As of the start of 2019, this version is no longer supported. Unlike the Debian version it was based on, LMDE 2 remained based on sysvinit but with
8214-492: The live environment. The Ubuntu Desktop Installer replaced the former Ubiquity installer since Ubuntu 23.04. Disk images of all current and past versions are available for download at the Ubuntu web site. Additionally, USB flash drive installations can be used to boot Ubuntu and Kubuntu in a way that allows permanent saving of user settings and portability of the USB-installed system between physical machines (however,
8325-628: The look and feel of specific desktop environment, such as Colibre for Windows, and Elementary for GNOME. LibreOffice also ships with a modified theme which looks native on GTK-based Linux distributions. It also renders fonts via Cairo on Linux distributions; this means that text in LibreOffice is rendered the same as the rest of the Linux desktop. With version 6.2, LibreOffice includes a ribbon-style GUI, called Notebookbar, including three different views. This feature has formerly been included as an experimental feature in LibreOffice 6 (experimental features must be enabled from LibreOffice settings to make
8436-429: The main edition of Linux Mint. On February 20, 2016, the Linux Mint website was breached by unknown hackers who briefly replaced download links for a version of Linux Mint with a modified version containing malware. The hackers also breached the database of the website's user forum. Linux Mint immediately took its server offline and implemented enhanced security configurations for their website and forum. Beginning with
8547-516: The most page requests to Wikimedia sites, including Misplaced Pages, among recognizable Linux distributions. As of June 2024 , Ubuntu 22.04 is used in Microsoft NDv5, a Microsofts Azure cloud computer , its fastest one (of 7 Azure supercomputers, all running on Ubuntu), currently 3rd fastest supercomputer on the TOP500 list (only beaten by the only two exaflop computers; is itself half an exaflop , only
8658-488: The move of its work on Collabora Online from The Document Foundation infrastructure to GitHub . A detailed 60-page report in June 2015 compared the progress of the LibreOffice project with the related project Apache OpenOffice. It showed that "OpenOffice received about 10% of the improvements LibreOffice did in the period of time studied." As its native file format to save documents for all of its applications, LibreOffice uses
8769-432: The ooo-build build infrastructure and the OpenOffice.org 3.3 beta code from Oracle, then adding selected patches from Go-oo. Go-oo was discontinued in favour of LibreOffice. Since the office suite that was branded "OpenOffice.org" in most Linux distributions was in fact Go-oo, most moved immediately to LibreOffice. Oracle was invited to become a member of The Document Foundation. However, Oracle demanded that all members of
8880-560: The operating system act as donors, sponsors and partners of the distribution. Linux Mint relies on user feedback to make decisions and orient its development. The official blog often features discussions where users are asked to voice their opinion about the latest features or decisions implemented for upcoming releases. Ideas can be submitted, commented upon and rated by users via the Linux Mint Community Website. The community of Linux Mint users use Launchpad to participate in
8991-569: The option available in the View menu). LibreOffice has a feature similar to WordArt called Fontwork . LibreOffice uses HarfBuzz for complex text layout , it was first introduced in 4.1 for Linux and 5.3 for Windows and macOS. Fonts with OpenType , Apple Advanced Typography or SIL Graphite features can be switched by either a syntax in the Font Name input box or the Font Features dialog from
9102-590: The other major descendant of OpenOffice.org, in 2015. The project was announced, and a beta was released on September 28, 2010. LibreOffice was downloaded about 7.5 million times between January 2011 (the first stable release) and October 2011. The project claimed 120 million unique downloading addresses from May 2011 to May 2015 (excluding Linux distributions), with 55 million of those from May 2014 to May 2015. The Document Foundation estimates that there are 200 million active LibreOffice users worldwide, about 25% of whom are students and 10% are Linux users. LibreOffice
9213-679: The other uses MATE . There is also a version with the Xfce desktop environment by default. Since the release of version 19 (Tara) in June 2018, the three editions are released simultaneously. Beginning with the release of Linux Mint 19, the KDE edition was officially discontinued; however, the KDE 17.x and 18.x releases were supported until 2019 and 2021, respectively. In addition to its regular ISO images, Linux Mint sometimes provides an "edge" ISO image for its latest release. This image ships with newer components such as
9324-649: The popular Chromebook line of notebook computers as well as other form factors of computers. The LibreOffice Impress Remote application for various mobile operating systems allows for remote control of LibreOffice Impress presentations. In June 2023, Red Hat announced that it will no longer support LibreOffice on future editions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux in order to focus on Wayland support and other priorities towards workstation users. LibreOffice will still be available via distribution-neutral Flatpak . Starting with LibreOffice 7.6 on Fedora 39, packaging and maintenance of LibreOffice on Fedora Linux will be managed by
9435-424: The project would eventually be run by a neutral foundation and put forward a more detailed proposal in 2001. Ximian and then Novell had maintained the ooo-build patch set, a project led by Michael Meeks , to make the build easier on Linux and because it was difficult to get contributions accepted by Sun, even from corporate partners. It tracked the main line of development and was not intended to constitute
9546-449: The release date until the release reaches its designated end-of-life (EOL) date. Canonical generates revenue through the sale of premium services related to the Ubuntu software and donations from those who download Ubuntu directly. Ubuntu is named after the Nguni philosophy of ubuntu , "humanity to others" with a connotation of "I am what I am because of who we all are". Since
9657-497: The release of Linux Mint 18 (Sarah), the OEM version, and the No Codecs version was discontinued in order to reduce the number of ISO images that needed to be maintained. Starting with Linux Mint 20 only 64-bit architecture is supported. This is because Canonical decided to drop 32-bit support from Ubuntu 20.04, which is the base from which Linux Mint 20 is derived. LMDE still supports both
9768-420: The release of Linux Mint 5 in 2008, every fourth release was labeled a long-term support (LTS) version, indicating that it was supported (with updates) for longer than traditional releases. Versions 5 and 9 had three years of support, and all LTS versions following received five years of support. On May 31, 2014, with the release of Linux Mint 17, the Linux Mint team adopted a new release strategy. Starting with
9879-492: The release of Mint 17, all future versions were planned to use an LTS version of Ubuntu as a base, until 2016. Under this strategy, Mint 17.1 was released on November 29, 2014, Mint 17.2 was released on June 30, 2015, and Mint 17.3 was released on December 4, 2015. The 17.x releases are intended to be an easy, optional upgrade. All three versions included upgrades to the Cinnamon and MATE Desktop Environments and various Mint tools. In addition, Mint 17.2 and 17.3 included an upgrade to
9990-536: The release of Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Canonical closed the partner repository, as the only package still hosted in it was Adobe Flash , which would not be released with 22.04. Ubuntu developer Steve Langasek said in a development mailing list that he felt the "Snap Store has matured to the point that I believe it supersedes the partner archive". A Personal Package Archive (PPA) is a software repository for uploading source packages to be built and published as an Advanced Packaging Tool (APT) repository by Launchpad . While
10101-751: The release of the first version in 2004, Ubuntu has become one of the most popular Linux distributions for general purposes and is backed by large online communities like Ask Ubuntu . Numerous community-editions of Ubuntu also exist. It is also popular for cloud computing , with support for OpenStack . Ubuntu is built on Debian 's architecture and infrastructure, and comprises Linux server, desktop and discontinued phone and tablet operating system versions. Ubuntu releases updated versions predictably every six months, and each release receives free support for nine months (eighteen months prior to 13.04) with security fixes, high-impact bug fixes and conservative, substantially beneficial low-risk bug fixes. The first release
10212-409: The release. In addition to the -updates repository, the unstable -proposed repository contains uploads that must be confirmed before being copied into -updates. All updates must go through this process to ensure that the patch does truly fix the bug and there is no risk of regression . Updates in -proposed are confirmed by either Canonical or members of the community. Canonical previously hosted
10323-485: The repositories and installable by the main tool or by any other APT-based package management tool. Cross-distribution snap packages and Flatpaks are also available, that both allow installing software, such as some of Microsoft's software, in most of the major Linux operating systems (such as any currently supported Ubuntu version and in Fedora ). The default file manager is GNOME Files , formerly called Nautilus. All of
10434-614: The rest" in July 2018 and "The better-than-ever Linux desktop" in December 2018, noted Mint's quality, stability, security and user-friendliness compared to other popular distributions. ZDNet 's review of Linux Mint 19.2 said: "After looking at many Linux desktops year in and out, Linux Mint is the best of the breed. It's easy to learn (even if you've never used Linux before), powerful, and with its traditional windows, icons, menus, and pointers (WIMP) interface, it's simple to use." In 2024, Linux Mint 22
10545-456: The sources file in the /etc/apt/ directory. Linux Mint allows networking ports to be closed using its firewall , with customized port selection available. The default Linux Mint desktop environments , Cinnamon and MATE , support many languages. Linux Mint can also run many programs designed for Microsoft Windows (such as Microsoft Office ), using the Wine compatibility layer . Linux Mint
10656-544: The success of that transition, it planned to switch 15,000 more over by the end of 2009 and to have switched all 90,000 workstations over by 2015 (GendBuntu project) . Lt. Colonel Guimard announced that the move was very easy and allowed for a 70% saving on the IT budget without having to reduce its capabilities. In 2011, Ubuntu 10.04 was adopted by the Indian justice system. LibreOffice LibreOffice ( / ˈ l iː b r ə / )
10767-488: The term is used exclusively within Ubuntu, Launchpad's host, Canonical , envisions adoption beyond the Ubuntu community. Some third-party software that does not limit distribution is included in Ubuntu's multiverse component. The package ubuntu-restricted-extras additionally contains software that may be legally restricted, including support for DVD playback, Microsoft TrueType core fonts , many common audio/video codecs , and unrar, an unarchiver for files compressed in
10878-458: The top 3 are that powerful). Other supercomputers running Ubuntu rank also high on the list e.g. NVIDIA's Selene supercomputer still ranks highly, and was fifth-fastest one in the world in November 2022 after an upgrade from seventh place, where it entered the list in June. Another Nvidia-based supercomputer using Ubuntu previously topped the Green500 list (it and the next one was also Ubuntu-based),
10989-596: The translation of the operating system and in reporting bugs. Most development is done in Python and organized online using GitHub . In a 2012 online poll at Lifehacker , Linux Mint was voted the second best Linux distribution, after Ubuntu, with almost 16% of the votes. In October 2012 (Issue 162), Linux Format named Linux Mint the best distro for 2012. In May 2013, David Hayward of TechRadar praised Linux Mint for focusing on desktop users. In July 2013 (Issue 128), Linux User & Developer gave Linux Mint 15 "Olivia"
11100-400: The two systems' bases almost identical, guaranteeing full compatibility between them, rather than requiring Mint to be a fork . In 2008, Linux Mint adopted the same release cycle as Ubuntu and dropped its minor version number before releasing version 5 'Elyssa'. The same year, in an effort to increase compatibility between the two systems, Linux Mint decided to abandon its codebase and changed
11211-407: The way it built its releases. Starting with Linux Mint 6 'Felicia', each release was based completely on the latest Ubuntu release, built directly from it, and made available approximately one month after the corresponding Ubuntu release (usually in May or November). In 2010, Linux Mint released Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE). Unlike the other Ubuntu-based editions (Ubuntu Mint), LMDE was originally
11322-514: The x86 i386 (32-bit) and amd64 (64-bit) architectures. Every version of Linux Mint is given a version number and code-named with a feminine first name ending in 'a' and beginning with a letter of the alphabet that increased with every major revision. Version 18 broke from the pattern with the name 'Sarah', though in English it retains the same final vowel sound as all of the other releases. Initially, there were two Linux Mint releases per year. Following
11433-466: Was in October 2004. Ubuntu is currently funded by Canonical Ltd . On 8 July 2005, Mark Shuttleworth and Canonical announced the creation of the Ubuntu Foundation and provided initial funding of US$ 10 million. The purpose of the foundation is to ensure the support and development for all future versions of Ubuntu. Mark Shuttleworth describes the foundation's goal to ensure the continuity of
11544-568: Was initially named BrOffice in Brazil. OpenOffice.org had been distributed as BrOffice.org by the BrOffice Centre of Excellence for Free Software because of a trademark issue. Oracle announced in April 2011 that it was ending its development of OpenOffice.org and would lay off the majority of its paid developers. In June 2011, Oracle announced that it would donate the OpenOffice.org code and trademark to
11655-576: Was released on 10 October 2010 (10–10–10). This departed from the traditional schedule of releasing at the end of October in order to get "the perfect 10", and makes a playful reference to The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy books, since, in binary , 101010 equals decimal 42 , the "Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe and Everything" within the series. Ubuntu Desktop (formally named as Ubuntu Desktop Edition, and simply called Ubuntu)
11766-440: Was released on 20 October 2004. Ubuntu releases are also given alliterative code names , using an adjective and an animal (e.g., "Bionic Beaver"). With the exception of the first two releases, code names are in alphabetical order, allowing a quick determination of which release is newer, at least until restarting the cycle with the release of Artful Aardvark in October 2017. Commonly, Ubuntu releases are referred to using only
11877-550: Was released which received mostly positive reviews. Steven Vaughan-Nichol, senior contributing editor at ZD Net praised Mint's propensity to remain the same in terms of functionality.The Register points the to the fact that unverified Flatpak packages are now off by default and users need to explicitly enable the option to make them visible. This move has reduced the number of packages in Flathub. Ubuntu Ubuntu ( / ʊ ˈ b ʊ n t uː / uu- BUUN -too )
11988-499: Was released. The same month, Nextcloud and Collabora partnered to bring CODE to Nextcloud users. By October 2016, Collabora had released nine updates to CODE. The first source code release of LibreOffice Online was done with LibreOffice version 5.3 in February 2017. In June 2019, CIB software GmbH officially announced its contributions to LibreOffice Online and "LibreOffice Online powered by CIB". In October 2020 Collabora announced
12099-399: Was released. It is an LTS version with support until 2025. On January 8, 2021, Linux Mint 20.1 'Ulyssa' was released. On July 8, 2021, Linux Mint 20.2 'Uma' was released. On January 5, 2022, Linux Mint 20.3 "Una" was released. Up to 2014 there had been two Linux Mint releases per year, about one month after the Ubuntu releases they were based on. Each release was given a new version number and
12210-533: Was the case of a growing number of GNOME applications. As of 2024, the Linux Mint team is in the process of transitioning development for X-Apps applications from being part of the Linux Mint development process to being a completely independent project. Most of them are forks of GNOME Core Applications. Linux Mint primarily uses free and open-source software . Before version 18, some proprietary software, such as device drivers , Adobe Flash Player and codecs for MP3 and DVD-Video playback, were bundled with
12321-424: Was the first version to use Ubuntu as its codebase and its GNOME interface. It had few users until the release of Linux Mint 3.0, 'Cassandra'. Linux Mint 2.0 was based on Ubuntu 6.10 , using Ubuntu's package repositories and using it as a codebase. It then followed its own codebase, building each release from the previous one, but continuing to use the package repositories of the latest Ubuntu release. This made
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