Leonardo is a 2.5 foot social robot , the first created by the Personal Robots Group of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology . Its development is credited to Cynthia Breazeal . The body is by Stan Winston Studios, leaders in animatronics. Its body was completed in 2002. It was the most complex robot the studio had ever attempted as of 2001. Other contributors to the project include NevenVision, Inc., Toyota, NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center , and the Navy Research Lab. It was created to facilitate the study of human–robot interaction and collaboration. A DARPA Mobile Autonomous Robot Software (MARS) grant, Office of Naval Research Young Investigators Program grant, Digital Life , and Things that Think consortia have partially funded the project. The MIT Media Lab Robotic Life Group, who also studied Robonaut 1, set out to create a more sophisticated social-robot in Leonardo. They gave Leonardo a different visual tracking system and programs based on infant psychology that they hope will make for better human-robot collaboration. One of the goals of the project was to make it possible for untrained humans to interact with and teach the robot much more quickly with fewer repetitions. Leonardo was awarded a spot in Wired Magazine’s 50 Best Robots Ever list in 2006.
28-625: [REDACTED] Look up Leonardo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Leonardo or The Leonardo may refer to: Arts and entertainment [ edit ] Leonardo Journal , an arts journal Leonardo (Italian magazine) , a philosophy magazine published in Florence, Italy, in 1903–1907 Leonardo (journal) , published by the MIT Press Leonardo ( Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ) , one of
56-472: A Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation research vessel The Leonardo (Salt Lake City) , a science and art museum in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States Leonardo, an airline booking system owned by Rostec , a state-owned Russian conglomerate. See also [ edit ] Leonard (disambiguation) Leonardi (disambiguation) San Leonardo (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
84-415: A Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation research vessel The Leonardo (Salt Lake City) , a science and art museum in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States Leonardo, an airline booking system owned by Rostec , a state-owned Russian conglomerate. See also [ edit ] Leonard (disambiguation) Leonardi (disambiguation) San Leonardo (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
112-587: A philosophy magazine published in Florence, Italy, in 1903–1907 Leonardo (journal) , published by the MIT Press Leonardo ( Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ) , one of the main characters in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise Leonardo (TV channel) , an Italian television channel Leonardo (2011 TV series) , a CBBC television series which centers around teenage Leonardo da Vinci played by Jonathan Bailey Leonardo (2021 TV series) , an Italian-American television series Leonardo
140-742: A social robot created by the Personal Robots Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Leonardo MPLM , a multi-purpose logistics module used to re-supply the International Space Station Leonardo (company) , an aerospace and defence technology conglomerate headquartered in Italy Leonardo (supercomputer) , a petascale supercomputer, currently under construction in Bologna CRV Leonardo ,
168-413: A social robot created by the Personal Robots Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Leonardo MPLM , a multi-purpose logistics module used to re-supply the International Space Station Leonardo (company) , an aerospace and defence technology conglomerate headquartered in Italy Leonardo (supercomputer) , a petascale supercomputer, currently under construction in Bologna CRV Leonardo ,
196-409: Is a key factor in the success of a personal robot. It must be able to learn quickly using the mechanisms humans already use (like spatial scaffolding, shared attention, mimicry, and perspective taking). It also cannot require an extensive amount of time. And finally, it should be a pleasure to interact with, which is why aesthetics and expression are so important. These are all important steps in bringing
224-412: Is blended with his programming. In a task where one human wants cookies and another crackers from two locked locations and one of them has switched the locations, Leonardo can watch the first human trying to get to where he thinks the cookies are and open a box with cookies, helping him achieve his goal. All of Leonardo's social skills work together so it can work alongside humans. When a human asks it to do
252-409: Is by mimicry. The same way infants learn to understand and manipulate their world is helpful for the social robot. By mimicking human facial expressions and body movement, Leo can distinguish between self and other. This ability is important for humans in taking each other's perspectives, and it's the same for a social robot. Being able to understand that “others” don't have the same knowledge it has lets
280-405: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Leonardo [REDACTED] Look up Leonardo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Leonardo or The Leonardo may refer to: Arts and entertainment [ edit ] Leonardo Journal , an arts journal Leonardo (Italian magazine) ,
308-459: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Leonardo (robot) There are approximately sixty motors in the small space of the robot body that make the expressive movement of the robot possible. The Personal Robot Group developed the motor control systems (with both 8-axis and 16-axis control packages) that they've used for Leonardo. Leonardo does not resemble any real creature, but instead has
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#1732844154946336-604: Is used in makeup effects to maintain the aesthetics of the robot. The goal of creating Leonardo was to make a social robot. Its motors, sensors, and cameras allow it to mimic human expression, interact with limited objects, and track objects. This helps humans react to the robot in a more familiar way. Through this reaction, humans can engage the robot in more naturally social ways. Leonardo's programming blends with psychological theory so that he learns more naturally, interacts more naturally, and collaborates more naturally with humans. Leonardo learns through spatial scaffolding. One of
364-1551: The International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology " The Leonardo ", a 1933 short story written in Russian by Vladimir Nabokov Leonardo, the assistant of inventor Clyde Crashcup People [ edit ] Main article: Leonardo (given name) Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519), Italian polymath Leonardo Araújo , Brazilian former footballer and manager, most recently the sporting director of Paris Saint-Germain Leonardo (footballer, born 1974) , Brazilian forward Leonardo Pereira da Silva (1974–2016) Leonardo (footballer, born 1976) , Brazilian winger Leonardo dos Santos Silva Leonardo (footballer, born 1982) , Brazilian striker Leonardo Gonçalves Silva Leonardo (footballer, born March 1986) , Brazilian centre-back Leonardo José Aparecido Moura Leonardo (footballer, born September 1986) , Brazilian attacking midfielder Leonardo Rodrigues Perreira Leonardo (footballer, born 1987) , Brazilian left-back Hugo Leonardo Pereira Nascimento Leonardo (footballer, born 1988) , Brazilian centre-back José Leonardo Ribeiro da Silva Leonardo (footballer, born 1992) , Brazilian forward Leonardo da Silva Souza Leonardo (footballer, born 1997) , Brazilian forward Leonardo Nascimento Lopes de Souza Places [ edit ] Leonardo (St. Louis, Missouri) , listed on
392-519: The Musical: A Portrait of Love , a 1993 musical Leonardo/ISAST , the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology " The Leonardo ", a 1933 short story written in Russian by Vladimir Nabokov Leonardo, the assistant of inventor Clyde Crashcup People [ edit ] Main article: Leonardo (given name) Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519), Italian polymath Leonardo Araújo , Brazilian former footballer and manager, most recently
420-593: The National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis, Missouri , United States Leonardo, New Jersey , United States The Leonardo (Sandton) , Johannesburg, South Africa Fort Leonardo , Żabbar, Malta Science and technology [ edit ] Leonardo (dinosaur) , a mummified Brachylophosaurus found in Montana Leonardo (moth) , a genus of moths of the family Crambidae Leonardo (robot) ,
448-429: The National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis, Missouri , United States Leonardo, New Jersey , United States The Leonardo (Sandton) , Johannesburg, South Africa Fort Leonardo , Żabbar, Malta Science and technology [ edit ] Leonardo (dinosaur) , a mummified Brachylophosaurus found in Montana Leonardo (moth) , a genus of moths of the family Crambidae Leonardo (robot) ,
476-466: The appearance of a fanciful being . Its face was designed to be expressive and communicative since it is a social robot. The fanciful, purposefully young look is supposed to encourage humans to interact with it in the same way they would with a child or pet. A camera mounted in the robot's right eye captures faces. A facial feature tracker developed by the Neven Vision corporation isolates the faces from
504-462: The boat using red and blue blocks only. Leonardo can also track what a human is looking at. This allows the robot to interact with a human and objects in the environment. Naturally, humans will follow a pointing gesture and/or gaze and understand that what is being pointed at or looked at is the object the other human is concerned with and about to discuss or do something with. The Personal Robots Group has used Leonardo's tracking ability and programmed
532-555: The captures. A buffer of up to 200 views of the face is used to create a model of the person whenever they introduce themself via speech. Additionally, Leonardo can track objects and faces visually using a collection of visual feature detectors that include color, skin tone, shape, and motion. The group plans that Leonardo will have skin that can detect temperature, proximity, and pressure. To accomplish this, they are experimenting with force-sensing resistors and quantum tunnelling composites . The sensors are layered over with silicon like
560-414: The main characters in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise Leonardo (TV channel) , an Italian television channel Leonardo (2011 TV series) , a CBBC television series which centers around teenage Leonardo da Vinci played by Jonathan Bailey Leonardo (2021 TV series) , an Italian-American television series Leonardo the Musical: A Portrait of Love , a 1993 musical Leonardo/ISAST ,
588-451: The robot into a home. Shared attention and perspective taking are two mechanisms Leonardo has access to that help it interact naturally with humans. Leonardo also can achieve something like empathy , however, by examining the data it gets from mimicking human facial expressions, body language, and speech. In a similar way, humans can understand what other humans might be feeling based on the same data, Leonardo has been programmed according to
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#1732844154946616-400: The robot so it can act human-like, bringing its gaze to an object the human is paying attention to. Matching the human's gaze is one way Leonardo seems to exhibit more natural behavior. Sharing attention like this is one of the ways that allows the robot to learn from a human. The robot's expressions, being able to give feedback on its “understanding” is also vital. Another way that Leo learns
644-426: The robot view its environment more accurately and make better decisions based in its programming of what to do in a given situation. It also allows the robot to distinguish between a human's intentions and their actual actions, since humans are not exact. This would allow a human without special training to teach the robot. Leonardo can explore on its own, in addition to being trained with a human, which saves time and
672-426: The rules of simulation theory, allowing it to render something like empathy. In these ways, social interaction with Leonardo seems more human-like, making it more likely humans will be able to work with the robot in a team. Leonardo can work together with a human to solve a common problem as much as his body allows. He's more effective at working shoulder-to-shoulder with a human because of the theory of mind work that
700-452: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Leonardo . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leonardo&oldid=1223010691 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
728-452: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Leonardo . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leonardo&oldid=1223010691 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
756-944: The sporting director of Paris Saint-Germain Leonardo (footballer, born 1974) , Brazilian forward Leonardo Pereira da Silva (1974–2016) Leonardo (footballer, born 1976) , Brazilian winger Leonardo dos Santos Silva Leonardo (footballer, born 1982) , Brazilian striker Leonardo Gonçalves Silva Leonardo (footballer, born March 1986) , Brazilian centre-back Leonardo José Aparecido Moura Leonardo (footballer, born September 1986) , Brazilian attacking midfielder Leonardo Rodrigues Perreira Leonardo (footballer, born 1987) , Brazilian left-back Hugo Leonardo Pereira Nascimento Leonardo (footballer, born 1988) , Brazilian centre-back José Leonardo Ribeiro da Silva Leonardo (footballer, born 1992) , Brazilian forward Leonardo da Silva Souza Leonardo (footballer, born 1997) , Brazilian forward Leonardo Nascimento Lopes de Souza Places [ edit ] Leonardo (St. Louis, Missouri) , listed on
784-451: The ways a teacher teaches is by positioning objects near to the student that they expect the student to use. This same technique, spatial scaffolding, can be used with Leonardo, who is taught to build a sailboat from virtual blocks, using only the red and blue blocks. Whenever it tries to use a green block, the teacher pulls the “forbidden” color away and moves the red and blue blocks into the robot's space. Leonardo learns, in this way, to build
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