54-523: Lenox Library may refer to: Lenox Library (Massachusetts) , a public library located in Lenox, Massachusetts Lenox Library (New York City) , a former library founded by James Lenox which was a predecessor of the New York Public Library Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
108-507: A city on September 5, 1883, when voters accepted the city charter, "The act to establish the city of Northampton. 1883-Chapter 250," as passed and approved. Immigrant groups that settled Northampton in large numbers included Irish , Polish , and French-Canadians . In 1890 a small number of German-Jewish families arrived in Northampton, most of them coming from New York or Boston. By 1905 there were almost 5000 foreign-born residents among
162-478: A female householder with no husband present, and 50.9% were non-families. Of all households 37.2% were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.81. In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.7% age 19 and under, 9.8% from 20 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 30.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
216-530: A group of Revolutionary War veterans (who called themselves Shaysites) stopped the civil court from sitting in Northampton, in an uprising known as Shays' Rebellion . In 1805 a crowd of 15,000 gathered in Northampton to watch the executions of two Irishmen convicted of murder: Dominic Daley , 34, and James Halligan , 27. The crowd, composed largely of New England White Anglo-Saxon Protestants , lit bonfires and expressed virulently anti-Irish and anti-Catholic sentiments. The trial evidence against Daley and Halligan
270-674: A house on Park Street until 1857). In 1851 opera singer Jenny Lind , the " Swedish Nightingale", declared Northampton to be the "Paradise of America", from which Northampton took its nickname "The Paradise City". Clarke Schools for Hearing and Speech (formerly the Clarke School for the Deaf) was founded in Northampton in 1867. It was the United States' first permanent oral school for the deaf. Alexander Graham Bell and Grace Coolidge have served as heads of school. Smith College for women
324-659: A number of notable special collections, many of which have a connection to Lenox in some manner. These collections are housed in a variety of locations within Lenox Library. One of these collections is the Tanglewood Papers, which include historical documents on the history of the Berkshire Symphonic Festival and the Berkshire Music Center before Tanglewood , as well as the founding of Tanglewood and
378-481: A prominent site in downtown Lenox, on the east side of Main Street between Walker and Housatonic Streets. It is a 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 -story masonry structure, built out of brick with stone and wooden trim. Its front facade is dominated by monumental two-story pillars and pilasters , which articulate the three bays . The main entrance is in the center bay, topped by a segmented-arch transom window. The building cornice
432-650: A simple stone landmark stands marking the site of Daley and Halligan's executions. In 1835 Northampton was linked to the ocean by the New Haven and Northampton Canal , but the canal enterprise foundered and after about a decade was replaced by a railroad running along the same route. A flood on the Mill River on May 16, 1874, obliterated almost the entire Northampton neighborhood of Leeds , killing 139 people in Leeds and areas of neighboring towns. From 1842 until 1846 Northampton
486-637: A souring of relations between the Wampanoag and the Massachusetts Bay colonists, eventually leading to the expanded Algonquian alliance, which took part in King Philip's War . Northampton was part of the Equivalent Lands compromise. Its territory was enlarged beyond the original settlement, but later portions would be carved up into separate cities, towns, and municipalities. Southampton , for example,
540-412: Is 104 miles (167 km) by highway east of Northampton. New York City is 161 miles (259 km) southwest of Northampton. The Connecticut River's Oxbow is within Northampton's city limits, at the northern base of Mount Nonotuck . Northampton has a humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfb ), typical of western Massachusetts. Winters are cold and snowy, and summers are warm and humid. Precipitation
594-538: Is evenly distributed year-around, with an annual average of 46.14 inches (1,172 millimetres). As of the census of 2010, there were 28,549 people, 12,000 households, and 5,895 families residing in the city. Northampton has the most lesbian couples per capita of any city in the US. The population density was 833.7 inhabitants per square mile (321.9/km ). There were 12,728 housing units (12,000 occupied) at an average density of 360.0 per square mile (139.0/km ). The racial makeup of
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#1732844979781648-601: Is sponsored by Mr. & Mrs. Matthew D.M. Keator Family in memory and honor of the Keator and Piretti Families. Very little of the collection has been digitized. A few items were sampled from the collection for the Digital Commonwealth Collection through Boston Public Library . They can be located there by searching for "Tanglewood". They are also located in the Digital Library of America . The biggest users of
702-429: Is studded with modillion blocks, as is the gable supported by the pillars above the entrance. The hip roof is encircled by a lower balustrade , and is crowned by an open belfry and cupola . A substantially larger addition, made in 1889, extends to the rear of the building; it is also topped by a hip roof with cupola. The main block was built in 1815–16 to a design by Isaac Damon of Northampton , and served as
756-477: Is the county seat of Hampshire County, Massachusetts , United States. As of the 2020 census , the population of Northampton (including its outer villages, Florence and Leeds ) was 29,571. Northampton is known as an academic, artistic, musical, and countercultural hub. It features a large politically liberal community along with numerous alternative health and intellectual organizations. Based on U.S. Census demographics, election returns, and other criteria,
810-465: Is the principal public library of Lenox, Massachusetts . It is managed by the non-profit Lenox Library Association, founded in 1856, and is located at 18 Main Street, in the former Berkshire County Courthouse that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The library was incorporated in 1856 and in 1874 moved into its current home, the former Berkshire County courthouse which
864-593: The Clarke Schools for Hearing and Speech . Northampton was known as "Norwottuck", or "Nonotuck", meaning "the midst of the river", named by its original Pocumtuc inhabitants. According to various accounts, Northampton was given its present name by John A. King (1629–1703), one of the first white settlers in Northampton, or possibly in King's honor, since it is supposed that he came to Massachusetts from Northampton, England , his birthplace. The Pocumtuc confederacy occupied
918-740: The Connecticut River Valley from what is now southern Vermont and New Hampshire into northern Connecticut . The Pocumtuc tribes were Algonquian and traditionally allied with the Mahican confederacy to the west. By 1606 an ongoing struggle between the Mahican and Iroquois confederacies led to direct attacks on the Pocumtuc by the Iroquoian Mohawk nation . The Mahican confederacy had been defeated by 1628, limiting Pocumtuc access to trade routes to
972-670: The Knowledge Corridor —a cross-state cultural and economic partnership with other Connecticut River Valley cities and towns. Northampton is part of the Springfield Metropolitan Area , one of western Massachusetts 's two separate metropolitan areas. It sits approximately 19 miles (31 km) north of the city of Springfield . Northampton is home to Smith College , the Hotel Northampton, Northampton High School , Smith Vocational and Agricultural High School , and
1026-509: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 35.8 square miles (92.6 km ), of which 34.2 square miles (88.7 km ) are land and 1.5 square miles (3.9 km ), or 4.22%, are water. A total of 21% of the city is permanently protected open space. Within Northampton's city limits are the villages of Florence and Leeds. Northampton is bordered to the north by the towns of Hatfield and Williamsburg , to
1080-455: The poverty line , including 15.1% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over. Northampton's public schools include four elementary schools (kindergarten through 5th grade), one middle school (6th to 8th grade), one high school (9th to 12th grade), and one vocational-agricultural high school (9th to 12th grade). There are several private schools in Northampton and a number of charter schools in surrounding towns. According to
1134-515: The 20,000 people of the city. During the mid-20th century, Northampton experienced several decades of economic decline, bottoming in the 1970s, related to the emergence of the Rust Belt phenomenon. Though western Massachusetts lies outside of the Rust Belt geographically, the centrality of commerce and the arts to Northampton's economy left it economically vulnerable, in particular when compounded with
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#17328449797811188-751: The Annual Rhubarb Festival and Terry a la Berry concerts. In the summer the Lenox Farmers Market takes place near the park typically between the end of May through September. The library has public internet workstations, a children's reading room, a larger reading room titled the Sedgwick Reading Room as well as a multi-purpose gallery space named the Welles Galley for patrons to utilize. Northampton, Massachusetts The city of Northampton / n ɔːr θ ˈ h æ m p t ə n /
1242-556: The Berkshire Author Collection and the MacKinstry Illustrator Collection. This space serves as a reading room for patrons or a meeting room for small groups. The Legacy Room is a gift of Legacy Bank (now Berkshire Bank). Next to the Lenox library is a park in the center of town named Roche Reading Park after William D. Roche, a long-time treasurer of the Lenox Library. This space has held events such as
1296-533: The Berkshire County Courthouse until 1869, when that function was moved to Pittsfield . Although the library moved into the building in 1874, it did not fully occupy the premises immediately. Additional tenants during the late 19th century included the offices of lawyers and politicians, and the town's first telephone exchange . The rear addition, known as Sedgwick Hall, was the scene of social events, lectures, and concerts. The Lenox Library houses
1350-589: The Berkshire estates, as well as a complete set of study prints. In addition, the Library has one of the few remaining sets of Wild Flowers of New England." Edwin Hale Lincoln, a Massachusetts native, joined the photography business in the late 1800s, shooting a variety of subjects, including Rhode Island yachts, estates in Lenox, flowers native to New England, and other flora. The Elizabeth MacKinstry Collection, housed in
1404-472: The Clarke School for the Deaf) specializes in oral education (speech and lip-reading , as opposed to signing ) and holds an annual summer camp, the theme varying from summer to summer. Clarke is the oldest oral school for the deaf in the country, established in 1867 on Round Hill Road overlooking the Connecticut River Valley. The Daily Hampshire Gazette , a six-day a week morning newspaper and
1458-607: The Eighth Massachusetts Governor's Council District by Democrat Tara Jacobs. Northampton is home to Smith College , founded in 1871, A women's college (one of the Seven Sisters ), it is also one of the Five Colleges Consortium . Smith students (along with those of the associated Five Colleges ) contribute to Northampton's college town atmosphere. Clarke Schools for Hearing and Speech (formerly
1512-535: The Legacy Room, is a collection "of illustrated children’s books of the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries [which] include items of British or continental origin." MacKinstry (1879-1956) was a female children's author and illustrator, and this collection includes books penned by MacKinstry herself, as well as books by some of her favourite authors ( Randolph Caldecott , Walter Crane , and Claud Lovat Fraser ). The Legacy Room has beautiful French doors and windows houses
1566-481: The United States Calvin Coolidge (1910–1911) and James "Big Jim" Cahillane, who served from 1954 to 1960. Well-known Judge Sean M. Dunphy was the youngest elected mayor in its history, at age 28. The city also has a nine-member city council, composed of seven ward representatives and two at-large members. Councilors are elected to two-year terms and the council meets twice monthly for 10 months out of
1620-509: The building of its music pavilion, “The Shed.” The Tanglewood Papers are from the estate of a well-known summer resident, Gertrude Robinson Smith , whose fundraising efforts resulted in construction of “The Shed.” The collection is currently housed in the Keator Vault. The Keator Vault contains local historic items, unique photographs, and functions as temperature controlled preservation archive for rare materials. The Special Collections Vault
1674-528: The campus of Smith College. In recent years, downtown Northampton has seen a decline, with nearly one out of five storefronts being vacant as of September 2022. Northampton sits on the west side of the Connecticut River in the Pioneer Valley of western Massachusetts . It is located at 42°20′N 72°39′W / 42.333°N 72.650°W / 42.333; -72.650 . According to
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1728-425: The city was 87.7% White , 2.7% African American , 0.3% Native American , 4.1% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 2.4% from other races , and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.8% of the population. There were 12,000 households, out of which 21.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.6% were characterized as "husband-wife" married couples living together, 11.3% had
1782-470: The country in August 2005 at the eighth Prometheus Radio Project barnraising, in conjunction with the tenth annual Grassroots Radio Coalition conference. Valley Free Radio broadcasts music, news, public affairs, and locally produced radio content to listeners at 103.3 FM. In addition, Northampton is home to Northampton Community Television, which has existed in numerous forms since the mid-1980s but experienced
1836-534: The decline of Springfield's manufacturing sector, Holyoke's paper industry, and massive plant closures in the New York Capital District . Northampton has a thriving cultural center and is a popular tourist destination. The city has many eclectic restaurants and a lively arts and music scene. Three Northampton farmers markets, held weekly, sell fresh produce from local farms. Since 1982, Northampton has been host to an annual LGBT Parade and Pride event held
1890-457: The downtown to this area was a road near the Connecticut River oxbow , which was frequently subject to flooding. This led to many services such as fire and police being provided by the city of Holyoke rather than Northampton's own municipal departments, and after a number of negotiations between the two cities, Smith's Ferry was ceded to Holyoke in 1909 for a sum of $ 62,000. Congregational preacher, theologian and philosopher Jonathan Edwards
1944-563: The first Saturday in May. Since 1995 Northampton has been home to the twice-yearly Paradise City Arts Festival, held at the Three County Fairgrounds on Memorial Day weekend and Columbus Day weekend. The festival is a national juried showcase for contemporary craft and fine art. Since 2004, Northampton has been the site of Django in June, a week-long gypsy jazz music camp held annually on
1998-552: The general court of Springfield. While some settlers visited the land in the fall of 1653, they waited till early spring 1654 to arrive and establish a permanent settlement. The situation in the region further deteriorated when the Mohawk people escalated hostilities against the Pocumtuc confederacy and other Algonquian tribes after 1655, forcing many of the plague-devastated Algonquian groups into defensive mergers. This coincided with
2052-581: The music collection at the Lenox Library are the Boston University Tanglewood Institute students. The second largest users of the collection are concertgoers want to preview a specific music selection before attending the concert. Another notable collection is the Edwin Hale Lincoln Photography Collection. This collection, housed in the Keator Vault, "consists of 745 original glass plate and film negatives of
2106-477: The oldest surviving newspaper in Massachusetts, is based in Northampton, covering Hampshire and Franklin counties. Northampton is the city of license for three commercial radio stations: WLZX-FM , WEIB , and WHMP . Northampton is also home to WXOJ-LP, a low-power community radio station owned and operated by Valley Free Radio . The station was built by more than 400 volunteers from Northampton and around
2160-492: The state. The Lenox Library Association is also a member of the Massachusetts Library System which is a State-supported collaborative that provides leadership and services to foster cooperation, communication, and sharing among member libraries of all types. In fiscal year 2008, the town of Lenox spent 1.56% ($ 241,452) of its budget on its public library—some $ 47 per person. The Lenox Library building occupies
2214-492: The title Lenox Library . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lenox_Library&oldid=802392423 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Lenox Library (Massachusetts) The Lenox Library
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2268-448: The website Epodunk rates Northampton as the most politically liberal medium-size city (population 25,000–99,000) in the United States. The city has a high proportion of residents who identify as gay and lesbian and a high number of same-sex households and is a popular destination for the LGBT community. Northampton is part of the Pioneer Valley and is one of the northernmost cities in
2322-539: The website ePodunk's Gay Index, which is based on figures from the 2000 US Census, Northampton has a score of 535, vs. a national average score of 100 (i.e., Northampton's population includes 5.35 times the national average of same-sex unmarried households). According to the Human Rights Campaign, Northampton scored a 100 out of 100 on its Municipality Equality Index. Gina-Louise Sciarra is the mayor of Northampton. Previous mayors have included future President of
2376-648: The west by Westhampton, to the east by Hadley (across the Connecticut River), and to the south by Easthampton. The art deco Calvin Coolidge Bridge connects Northampton with Hadley across the Connecticut River. The college town of Amherst is located 7 miles (11 km) east of Northampton, next to Hadley. Springfield, the Connecticut River Valley 's most populous Massachusetts city, is located 19 miles (31 km) southeast of Northampton. Boston
2430-531: The west. The area suffered a major smallpox epidemic in the 1630s following the arrival of Dutch traders in the Hudson Valley and New England settlers in the Massachusetts Bay Colony during the previous two decades. It was in this context that the land making up the bulk of modern Northampton was sold to settlers from Springfield in 1653. On May 18, 1653, a petition for township was approved by
2484-712: The year. The three other elected city-wide bodies are the School Committee, the Trustees of Smith Vocational and Agricultural High School and the Trustees of Forbes Library. Northampton is represented in the 1st Hampshire District of the Massachusetts House of Representatives by Democrat Lindsay Sabadosa, in the Hampshire, Franklin and Worcester District of the Massachusetts Senate by Democrat Jo Comerford, and on
2538-413: Was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 75.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.9 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 56,999, and the median income for a family was $ 80,179. Males had a median income of $ 40,470 versus $ 32,003 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 33,440. About 7.8% of families and 13.5% of the population were below
2592-415: Was a leading figure in a 1734 Christian revival in Northampton. In the winter of 1734 and the following spring it reached such intensity that it threatened the town's businesses. In the spring of 1735 the movement began to subside and a reaction set in. But the relapse was brief, and the Northampton revival, which had spread through the Connecticut River Valley and whose fame had reached England and Scotland,
2646-609: Was constructed in 1815–1816. In 1973, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places and is one of several such locations in Lenox. In the early 20th century, novelist Edith Wharton worked in the library and befriended Kate Spencer, who served as partial inspiration for her 1911 novel Ethan Frome . The Lenox Library Association belongs to the C/W MARS library consortium, which allows patrons to request books and other materials from other libraries located across
2700-611: Was followed in 1739–1740 by the Great Awakening , under the leadership of Edwards. For this achievement, Edwards is considered one of the founders of evangelical Christianity . Northampton hosted its own witch trials in the 1700s, although no alleged witches were executed. Members of the Northampton community were present at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia . On August 29, 1786, Daniel Shays and
2754-547: Was founded in Northampton in 1871. Today Smith is the largest of the Seven Sisters colleges . Well-known Smith alumnae include Sylvia Plath , Barbara Bush , Nancy Reagan , Tammy Baldwin , Gloria Steinem , Madeleine L'Engle , and Julia Child . The first game of women's basketball was played at Smith College in 1892. A theft of $ 1.6 million ($ 46.5 million in 2023) from the Northampton National Bank took place on January 27, 1876. Northampton officially became
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#17328449797812808-549: Was home to a transcendentalist utopian community of abolitionists . Called the Northampton Association of Education and Industry, the community believed that the rights of all people should be "equal without distinction of sex, color or condition, sect or religion". It supported itself by producing mulberry trees and silk . Sojourner Truth , a former slave who became a national advocate for equality and justice, lived in this community until its dissolution (and later in
2862-409: Was incorporated in 1775 and included parts of the territories of modern Montgomery (incorporated in 1780) and Easthampton . Westhampton was incorporated in 1778 and Easthampton in 1809. A hamlet of Northampton, called Smith's Ferry , became separated from the rest of the city with the drawing of boundaries for Easthampton. Because the village was separated by Mount Tom , the shortest path to from
2916-482: Was sparse, circumstantial, contrived, and perjurious. The men were hanged on June 5, 1806, on Pancake Plain. Their bodies were denied a burial; they were destroyed in the local slaughterhouse. This trial "later came to be seen as epitomizing the anti-Irish sentiment that was widespread in New England in the early 19th century." Daley and Halligan were exonerated of all crimes by governor Michael Dukakis in 1984. Today
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