57-456: Leng may refer to: Leng (surname) (冷), a Chinese surname Leng (plateau) , a fictional plateau Leng (slang) , British slang meaning: very attractive person/object, commonly used by Generation Z and Alpha. Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Leng . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
114-784: A blue-water navy , regular naval exercises and patrols have increased in the Taiwan Strait , the Senkaku Islands / Diaoyutai in the East China Sea, and within the nine-dash line in the South China Sea, and all of which China claims as its territory despite the Republic of China (ROC, i.e. Taiwan), Vietnam, Brunei, Malaysia and the Philippines each also claiming a significant part of the South China Sea . Some exercises and patrols of
171-609: A commander (a Rear Admiral or Vice Admiral) and a Political Commisar. All PLAN headquarters are subordinate to the PLA Joint Staff Department and the Chairman of the Central Military Commission. The navy has 240,000 personnel, including 15,000 marines. The People's Liberation Army Navy is divided into three fleets: The People's Liberation Army Surface Force consists of all surface warships in service with
228-442: A few large patrol ships that significantly enhanced their operations; while Customs, militia, Armed Police and Fishery Law Enforcement operated hundreds of small patrol craft . For maritime patrol services, these craft are usually quite well armed with machine guns and 37mm anti-aircraft guns. In addition, these services operated their own small aviation fleets to assist their maritime patrol capabilities, with Customs and CMS operating
285-587: A fleet of 68 submarines. The PLAN Coastal Defence Force is a land-based branch of the PLAN in charge of coastal defence , with a strength of around 25,000 personnel. Also known as the coastal defense troops, they serve to defend China's coastal and littoral areas from invasion via amphibious landings or air attacks . Between the 1950s and 1960s, the Coastal Defense Force was primarily assigned to repel any Kuomintang attempts to infiltrate, invade and harass
342-546: A revolt in Wuhan in July 1967, but the service largely avoided the turmoil affecting the country. Although it paid lip service to Mao and assigned political commissars aboard ships, the Navy continued to train, build, and maintain the fleets as well the coastal defense and aviation arms, as well as in the performance of its mission. In the 1970s, when approximately 20 percent of the defense budget
399-880: A seven-ship task force from the North Sea Fleet joined warships from the Russian Pacific Fleet to participate in Joint Sea 2013 , bilateral naval maneuvers held in the Peter the Great Bay of the Sea of Japan . To date, Joint Sea 2013 was the largest naval drill yet undertaken by the People's Liberation Army Navy with a foreign navy. On 2 April 2015, during the violent aftermath of a coup d'état in Yemen and amid an international bombing campaign ,
456-598: A sign of the growing status of China, while the CMC chairman , Hu Jintao , indicated that China is neither seeking regional hegemony nor entering an arms race. Predictions by Western analysts that the PLAN would outnumber the USN submarine force as early as 2011 have failed to come true because the PRC curtailed both imports and domestic production of submarines. Beginning in 2009, China ordered 4 Zubr-class LCAC from Ukraine and bought 4 more from
513-446: A vital component of the PLAN, especially as the surface warships of the PLAN continue to improve in terms of anti-ship and air-defence capabilities and the PLAN's power projection begins to extend beyond the first island chain . Today the primary weapons of the coastal defense troops are the HY-2 , YJ-82 and C-602 anti-ship missiles. The PLAN Marine Corps was originally established in
570-644: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles PLA Navy The People's Liberation Army Navy , also known as the People's Navy , PLA Navy or simply Chinese Navy , is the naval warfare branch of the People's Liberation Army , the national military of the People's Republic of China. It is composed of five sub-branches: the Surface Force , the Submarine Force , the Coastal Defense Force ,
627-703: Is the Mandarin pinyin and Wade–Giles romanization of the Chinese surname written 冷 in Chinese character and Vietnamese surname written Lãnh . It is listed 377th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames . As of 2008, it is the 246th most common surname in China, shared by 300,000 people. Notable people [ edit ] Leng Bao ( 冷苞 ; 3rd century AD), Eastern Han dynasty general Yangqi Fanghui ( 杨岐方会 ; 992 – ca. 1049), lay surname Leng, founder of
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#1732847739100684-658: The Luhu -class guided missile destroyer Harbin , the Luda -class guided missile destroyer Zhuhai , and the replenishment oiler Nancang began the PLA Navy's first circumnavigation of the Pacific Ocean, a 98-day voyage with port visits to Mexico, Peru, Chile, and the United States, including Pearl Harbor and San Diego . The flotilla was under the command of Vice Admiral Wang Yongguo,
741-568: The Chinese Civil War , including many elements of the Republic of China Navy which had defected. Until the late 1980s, the PLAN was largely a riverine and littoral force ( brown-water navy ) mostly in charge of coastal defense and patrol against potential Nationalist amphibious invasions and territorial waters disputes in the East and South China Sea (roles that are now largely relegated to
798-736: The French frigates Nivôse and Prairial , as well as exercises with the Peruvian Navy . The flotilla was under the command of Vice Admiral Ding Yiping, the commander-in-chief of the North Sea Fleet, and Captain Li Yujie was the commanding officer of the Qingdao . Overall, between 1985 and 2006, PLAN naval vessels visited 18 Asian-Pacific nations, 4 South American nations, 8 European nations, 3 African nations, and 3 North American nations. In 2003,
855-698: The Marine Corps and the Naval Air Force , with a total strength of 350,000 personnel, including 70,000 marines and 30,000 naval aviation personnel. The PLAN's combat units are deployed among three theater command fleets , namely the North Sea , East Sea and South Sea Fleet , which serve the Northern , Eastern and Southern Theater Command , respectively. The PLAN was formally established on 23 April 1949 and traces its lineage to maritime fighting units during
912-682: The North Sea Fleet , based at Qingdao , Shandong; the East Sea Fleet , based at Ningbo ; and the South Sea Fleet , based at Zhanjiang , Guangdong – and about 1,000 ships of which only approximately 350 are ocean going. The rest are small patrol or support craft. The 350,000-person Navy included Naval Air Force units of 34,000 men, the Coastal Defense Forces of 38,000, and the Marine Corps of 56,500. Navy Headquarters, which controlled
969-704: The PLA Navy Leng Rong ( 冷溶 ; born 1953), Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Leng Xueyan (冷雪艳 born 1972), runner, Asian Games gold medalist References [ edit ] ^ "百家姓" [Hundred Family Surnames] (in Chinese). Guoxue . Retrieved 2014-10-28 . ^ 中国最新300大姓排名（2008） [300 most common surnames in China (2008)] (in Chinese). Taiwan.cn. 2009-01-06 . Retrieved 2014-10-28 . [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
1026-473: The People's Armed Police , under the local (provincial) border defense command, prior to its reorganization and consolidation as an unified service. It was formed from the integration of several formerly separate services such as China Marine Surveillance (CMS), General Administration of Customs , Armed Police, China Fishery Law Enforcement and local maritime militia . The CMS performed mostly coastal and ocean search and rescue or patrols, and received quite
1083-594: The People's Liberation Army Air Force , including fighter aircraft , bombers , attack aircraft , tankers , reconnaissance / early warning aircraft , electronic warfare aircraft , maritime patrol aircraft , transport aircraft and helicopters of various roles. The PLA Naval Air Force has traditionally operated from coastal air bases , and received older aircraft than the PLAAF with less ambitious steps towards mass modernization . Advancements in new technologies, weaponry and aircraft acquisition were made after 2000. With
1140-583: The South China Sea in 1984 and 1985, and the visit of two naval ships to three South Asian nations in 1985. In 1982 the navy conducted a successful test of an underwater-launched ballistic missile . The navy also had some success in developing a variety of surface-to-surface and air-to-surface missiles , improving basic capabilities. In 1986, the Navy's order of battle included two Xia -class SSBNs armed with twelve CSS-N-3 missiles and three Han-class SSNs armed with six SY-2 cruise missiles . In
1197-575: The Zumwalt-class destroyers . The dominance of Chinese shipbuilding capacity (over 230 times greater than the United States, according to the Alliance for American Manufacturing ) have led the Office of Naval Intelligence to project that China will have 475 battle force ships by 2035 while the USN will have 305 to 317, which would put the United States in a numerical and operational disadvantage especially in
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#17328477391001254-563: The surname Leng . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leng_(surname)&oldid=1250332058 " Categories : Surnames Chinese-language surnames Individual Chinese surnames Hidden categories: CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh) CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh) Articles with short description Short description
1311-458: The 1950s and then re-established in 1979 under PLAN organisation. It consists of around 20,000 marines , and is based in the South China Sea with the South Sea Fleet . The Marine Corps are considered elite troops, and are rapid deployment forces trained primarily in amphibious warfare and sometimes in air assaults to establish a beachhead or act as a spearhead during assault operations against enemy targets. The marines are equipped with
1368-415: The 1980s, under the leadership of Chief Naval Commander Liu Huaqing , the navy developed into a regional naval power, though naval construction continued at a level somewhat below the 1970s rate. Liu Huaqing was an Army officer who spent most of his career in administrative positions involving science and technology. It was not until 1988 that the People's Liberation Army Navy was led by a naval officer . Liu
1425-449: The 2001 Hainan Island incident , a major submarine accident in 2003, and naval incidents involving the U.S. MSC-operated ocean surveillance ships Victorious and Impeccable during 2009. At the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the PLAN, 52 to 56 vessels were shown in manoeuvres off Qingdao in April 2009 including previously unseen nuclear submarines. The demonstration was seen as
1482-467: The 2020s, increasing its operational capacity, commissioning new ships, and constructing naval facilities. Observers note that the PLAN's ongoing modernization is intended to build up the Chinese surface fleet and fix existing issues that limit the capability of the PLAN. Observers have noted that the PLAN's expansion will allow it to project Chinese power in the South China Sea and allow for the navy to counter
1539-577: The Chinese coastline. After the Sino-Soviet split and the abandonment of KMT's plans to recapture the Mainland , the Coastal Defense Force was focused on defending China's coast from a possible Soviet sea-borne invasion throughout the 1960s to 1980s. With the fall of the Soviet Union , the threat of an amphibious invasion of China has diminished and therefore the branch is often considered to no longer be
1596-570: The Hellenic Navy (Greece). These hovercraft/LCACs are built to send troops and armored vehicles (tanks, etc.) onto beaches in a fast manner, acting as a landing craft, and were viewed to be a direct threat to Taiwan's pro-independence movement as well as the conflict over Senkaku Islands . China is continually shifting the power balance in Asia by building up the Navy's Submarines, Amphibious warfare, and surface warfare capabilities. Between 5–12 July 2013,
1653-525: The Navy. Between 1989 and 1993, the training ship Zhenghe paid ports visits to Hawaii, Thailand, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India. PLAN vessels visited Vladivostok in 1993, 1994, 1995, and 1996. PLAN task groups also paid visits to Indonesia in 1995; North Korea in 1997; New Zealand, Australia, and the Philippines in 1998; Malaysia, Tanzania, South Africa, the United States, and Canada in 2000; and India, Pakistan, France, Italy, Germany, Britain, Hong Kong, Australia, and New Zealand in 2001. In March 1997,
1710-743: The PLA following the surrender of Japan . In 1949, Mao Zedong asserted that "to oppose imperialist aggression, we must build a powerful navy". During the Landing Operation on Hainan Island , the communists used wooden junks fitted with mountain guns as both transport and warships against the ROCN. The navy was established on 23 April 1949 by consolidating regional naval forces under Joint staff Department command in Jiangyan (now in Taizhou, Jiangsu ). The Naval Academy
1767-463: The PLAN conducted its first joint naval exercises during separate visits to Pakistan and India. Bi-lateral naval exercises were also carried out with exercises with the French, British, Australian, Canadian, Philippine, and United States navies. On 26 December 2008, the PLAN dispatched a task group consisting of the guided missile destroyer Haikou (flagship), the guided missile destroyer Wuhan , and
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1824-420: The PLAN helped ten countries get their citizens out of Yemen safely, evacuating them aboard a missile frigate from the besieged port city of Aden . The operation was described by Reuters as "the first time that China's military has helped other countries evacuate their people during an international crisis". China's participation in international maritime exercises is also increasing. In RIMPAC 2014 , China
1881-700: The PLAN in recent years went as close as the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of Japan, Taiwan, and Alaska although undisputed territorial waters have been not been crossed except in cases of innocent passage . As of 2024 , the PLAN is the second-largest navy in the world by total displacement tonnage — at 2 million tons in 2024, behind only the United States Navy (USN) — and the largest navy globally by number of active sea-going ships (excluding coastal missile boats , gunboats and minesweepers ) with over 370 surface ships and submarines in service, compared to approximately 292 ships and submarines in
1938-486: The PLAN's accelerating efforts to expand its capabilities beyond territorial waters, it would be likely for the Marine Corps to play a greater role in terms of being an offshore expeditionary force similar to the USMC and Royal Marines . The People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force (PLANAF) is the naval aviation branch of the PLAN and has a strength of around 25,000 personnel and 690 aircraft. It operates similar hardwares to
1995-506: The PLAN. They are organised into flotillas spread across the three main fleets. The People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force consists of all nuclear and diesel-electric submarines in service with the PLAN. The PRC is the last of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council which has not conducted an operational ballistic missile submarine patrol, because of institutional problems. It operates
2052-561: The USN's operations in Asia. Chinese naval capability increased substantially in the 2010s and 2020s. According to the US-based think tank RAND Corporation , PLAN enjoyed major advantages in terms of naval technologies, missiles, and tonnage against regional rivals such as Taiwan, Japan, Vietnam, the Philippines, and India. The PLAN is organized into several departments for purposes of command, control and coordination. Main operating forces are organized into fleets, each with its own headquarters,
2109-574: The USN. However, the Chinese fleets are much newer and smaller in tonnage, as about 70% of their warships were launched after 2010 and consist mostly of newly designed destroyers , frigates and corvettes with only a few amphibious warfare ships and the two commissioned aircraft carriers , while only about 25% of the American ships were launched after 2010 and majority of their tonnage are from its eleven 100,000-ton supercarriers , 21 large amphibious assault ships and experimental capital ships such as
2166-517: The West Pacific according to a chair naval strategy professor at the Naval War College . The PLAN traces its lineage to units of the Republic of China Navy (ROCN) who defected to the People's Liberation Army towards the end of the Chinese Civil War . A number of Japanese and Manchukuo Imperial Navy gunboats used to patrol the river border with the Soviet Union were also handed over to
2223-477: The Yangqi Sect of Chan Buddhism Leng Mei (冷枚, 17th–18th century), Qing dynasty painter Leng Yu ( 冷遹 ; 1882–1959), Vice Governor of Jiangsu province Leng Jiaji ( 冷家骥 ; 1899–1957), businessman and politician Leng Xin ( 冷欣 ; 1900–1987), Lieutenant General of the Republic of China Leng Pengfei ( 冷鹏飞 ; born 1933), PLA war hero and major general Leng Kuan ( 冷宽 ; born 1938), Vice Admiral of
2280-752: The commander-in-chief of the South Sea Fleet. The Luhu -class guided missile destroyer Qingdao and the replenishment oiler Taicang completed the PLA Navy's first circumnavigation of the world (pictured) , a 123-day voyage covering 32,000 nautical miles (59,000 km; 37,000 mi) between 15 May – 23 September 2002. Port visits included Changi, Singapore; Alexandria, Egypt ; Aksis , Turkey; Sevastopol, Ukraine ; Piraeus, Greece ; Lisbon , Portugal; Fortaleza, Brazil ; Guayaquil, Ecuador ; Callao, Peru ; and Papeete in French Polynesia . The PLA naval vessels participated in naval exercises with
2337-632: The destroyer and frigate protection would have been swarmed by almost 900 fast-attack craft . Stormy weather limited the range of these small boats, however, and curtailed air support . Behind the inner ring were Coastal Defense Force personnel operating naval shore batteries of Styx missiles and guns, backed by ground force units deployed in depth. As the 21st century approached, the PLAN began to transition to an off-shore defensive strategy that entailed more out-of-area operations away from its traditional territorial waters. From 1990 to 2002, Jiang Zemin 's military reforms placed particular emphasis on
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2394-583: The introduction of China's first aircraft carrier , Liaoning , in 2012, the Naval Air Force is conducting carrier-based operations for the first time with the goal of building carrier battle group -focused blue water capabilities. The PLANAF naval air bases include: The PLAN is complemented by paramilitary maritime services such as the China Coast Guard . The Chinese Coast Guard was previously not under an independent command, considered part of
2451-506: The late 1980s, major deficiencies reportedly remained in anti-submarine warfare , mine warfare , naval electronics (including electronic countermeasures equipment), and naval aviation capabilities. The PLA Navy was ranked in 1987 as the third largest navy in the world, although naval personnel had comprised only 12 percent of PLA strength. In 1987 the Navy consisted (as it does now) of the naval headquarters in Beijing; three fleet commands –
2508-655: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leng&oldid=1236572090 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Leng (surname) Leng (冷) [REDACTED] Pronunciation Lěng (Mandarin) Language(s) Chinese Origin Language(s) Old Chinese Meaning “cold” Leng
2565-482: The navy reorganized in 1954 and 1955 into the North Sea Fleet , East Sea Fleet , and South Sea Fleet , and a corps of admirals and other naval officers was established from the ranks of the ground forces. In shipbuilding the Soviets first assisted the Chinese, then the Chinese copied Soviet designs without assistance, and finally the Chinese produced vessels of their own design. Eventually Soviet assistance progressed to
2622-509: The paramilitary China Coast Guard ), and had been traditionally a maritime support subordinate to the PLA Ground Force . Following the collapse of the Soviet Union , the Chinese leadership were freed from overland border concerns with the northern neighbor and shifted towards more forward-oriented foreign and national security policies in the 1990s, and the PLAN leaders were able to advocate for renewed attention toward limited command of
2679-653: The point that a joint Sino-Soviet Pacific Ocean fleet was under discussion. Through the upheavals of the late 1950s and 1960s the Navy remained relatively undisturbed. Under the leadership of Minister of National Defense Lin Biao , large investments were made in naval construction during the frugal years immediately after the Great Leap Forward . During the Cultural Revolution , a number of top naval commissars and commanders were purged. Naval forces were used to suppress
2736-419: The seas as a green-water navy operating in the marginal seas within the range of coastal air parity . Into the 21st century, Chinese military officials have outlined plans to operate with blue water capability between the first and second island chains , with Chinese strategists talking about the modernization of the PLAN into "a regional blue-water defensive and offensive navy." Transitioning into
2793-560: The standard Type 95 assault rifles as well as other small arms and personnel equipment, and a blue/littoral camouflage uniform as standard. The marines are also equipped with amphibious armoured fighting vehicles (including amphibious light tanks such as the Type 63 , assault vehicles such as the ZTD-05 and IFVs such as ZBD-05 ), helicopters , naval artillery , anti-aircraft weapon systems and short range surface-to-air missiles . With
2850-501: The supply ship Weishanhu to the Gulf of Aden to participate in anti-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia. A team of 16 Chinese Special Forces members from its Marine Corps armed with attack helicopters were on board. Since then, China has maintained a three-ship flotilla of two warships and one supply ship in the Gulf of Aden by assigning ships to the Gulf of Aden on a three monthly basis. Other recent PLAN incidents include
2907-549: The three fleet commands, was subordinate to the PLA General Staff Department. In 1987, China's 1,500 km coastline was protected by approximately 70 diesel-powered Romeo - and Whiskey -class submarines, which could remain at sea only a limited time. Inside this protective ring and within range of shore-based aircraft were destroyers and frigates mounting Styx anti-ship missiles, depth-charge projectors , and guns up to 130 mm. Any invader penetrating
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#17328477391002964-491: The traditional coastal defense doctrine and force structure in favor of more green-water operations; and training in naval combined-arms operations involving submarine, surface, naval aviation , and coastal defense forces. Examples of the expansion of China's capabilities were the 1980 recovery of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) in the Western Pacific by a twenty-ship fleet, extended naval operations in
3021-425: Was allocated to naval forces, the Navy grew dramatically. The conventional submarine force increased from 35 to 100 boats, the number of missile -carrying ships grew from 20 to 200, and the production of larger surface ships , including support ships for oceangoing operations, increased. The Navy also began development of nuclear attack submarines (SSN) and nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBN). In
3078-770: Was also invited to RIMPAC 2016 despite the tension in South China Sea. PRC military expert Yin Zhuo said that due to present weaknesses in the PLAN's ability to replenish their ships at sea, their future aircraft carriers will be forced to operate in pairs. In a TV interview, Zhang Zhaozhong suggest otherwise, saying China is "unlikely to put all her eggs in one basket" and that the navy will likely rotate between carriers rather than deploy them all at once. In 2017, PLAN hospital ship Peace Ark traveled to Djibouti (treating 7,841 Djiboutians), Sierra Leone, Gabon, Republic of Congo (treating 7,508 Congolese), Angola, Mozambique (treating 9,881 Mozambiquans), and Tanzania (treating 6,421 Tanzanians). The PLAN continued its expansion into
3135-401: Was also very close to Deng Xiaoping as his modernization efforts were very much in keeping with Deng's national policies. While under his leadership Naval construction yards produced fewer ships than the 1970s, greater emphasis was placed on technology and qualitative improvement. Modernization efforts also encompassed higher educational and technical standards for personnel; reformulation of
3192-415: Was invited to send ships from their People's Liberation Army Navy; marking not only the first time China participated in a RIMPAC exercise but also the first time China participated in a large-scale United States-led naval drill. On 9 June 2014, China confirmed it would be sending four ships to the exercise, a destroyer, frigate, supply ship, & hospital ship. In April 2016, the People's Republic of China
3249-427: Was set up at Dalian on 22 November 1949, mostly with Soviet instructors. It then consisted of a motley collection of ships and boats acquired from the Kuomintang forces. The Naval Air Force was added two years later. By 1954, an estimated 2,500 Soviet naval advisers were in China—possibly one adviser to every thirty Chinese naval personnel—and the Soviet Union began providing modern ships. With Soviet assistance,
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