Mexicans of Lebanese descent:
33-624: Lebanese diaspora : Europe Overseas Middle East Lebanese Mexicans refers to Mexican citizens of Lebanese origin. Although Lebanese Mexicans made up less than 5% of the total immigrant population in Mexico during the 1930s, they constituted half of the immigrant economic activity. Lebanese influence in Mexican culture can be seen most particularly in Mexican cuisine , where they have introduced many foods and dishes and created their own recipes such as al pastor . Interethnic marriage in
66-787: A high degree of inter-ethnic marriages in the Lebanese diaspora communities, regardless of religious affiliation, have caused many of the Lebanese diaspora not to have passed fluency in Arabic to their children, although most still maintain a Lebanese national identity . Several factors have caused Lebanese emigration, including civil wars, attacks on Lebanese sovereignty and land by Israel and Syria, and political and economic crises. The largest diaspora by far resides in Brazil , with between 5 and 7 million, followed by Colombia and Argentina , with about 1 to 3 million each. Although there are no reliable figures,
99-674: A staple in a multitude of cultures, wherever people from the Lebanese diaspora emigrated. Examples include Brazil, Canada and the United States. The language of food can contribute to feelings of cultural belonging, as shown through literary analysis. It has served as both a source of identity and income for people of the Lebanese diaspora everywhere around the world. Roman Catholicism in Lebanon The Catholic Church in Lebanon ( Arabic : الكنيسة الكاثوليكية في لبنان )
132-616: A target to the Lebanese state to create institutional connection. In 1960 the World Lebanese Cultural Union was established under the authority of the President Fouad Chehab. France has always been an important destination for the Lebanese diaspora, because Lebanon used to be administrated by the french after WWI and because French language is massively spoken in Lebanon. The Lebanese diaspora, while historically trade-related, has more recently been linked to
165-447: A total of 128 seats. Catholics are also well represented in the government and in the public life. Until the 1960s, Catholics were also the major component of the population and represented 43% of all Lebanese. By 2010, they were considered around 36% of the total population, being Maronites 30%, Melkites 5% and non-native to Lebanon Catholic rites like Armenian Catholics 1%. Muslim and Christian communities have coexisted in
198-709: Is part of the worldwide Catholic Church under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome . There were approximately 1.34 million Catholics in Lebanon in 2020, the majority of whom are not Latin Catholics but instead follow Eastern Catholic rites as part of the Catholic Church - mostly Maronite , but also Melkite as well as Catholic rites non-native to Lebanon like Armenian , Chaldean , and Syriac . The Maronite Church constitutes
231-626: Is to place colored ribbons to the image of St. Charbel to ask some favor or some miracle (see Intercession of saints ). The tradition arose in the Candelaria Church in Merced in the historic center of Mexico City. The immigration of Lebanese to Mexico has influenced Mexican culture, in particular food, including introducing kibbeh and tabbouleh , and even creating recipes such as tacos árabes . By 1765, dates , which originated in North Africa and
264-621: The Lebanese Civil War , with many Lebanese emigrating to Western countries . Because of the economic opportunities, many Lebanese have also worked in the Arab World , most notably Arab states of the Persian Gulf such as Saudi Arabia and Kuwait . The Americas have long been a destination for Lebanese migration, with Lebanese arriving in some countries at least as early as the nineteenth century. The largest concentration of Lebanese outside
297-694: The Middle East . There are also other large Lebanese communities elsewhere in Latin America, including Argentina , Colombia , Dominican Republic , Paraguay and Venezuela . Many Lebanese have also been settled for quite some time in the United States , Australia , France , Canada , the United Kingdom , South Africa and in the European Union member states . In addition, sizable populations exist in
330-687: The Six-Day War , thousands of Lebanese left Lebanon and went to Mexico, first arriving in Veracruz. Another concentration of Lebanese-Mexicans is in Baja California facing the US–;Mexican border, especially in the cities of Mexicali and Tijuana across from San Diego with a large Lebanese-American community (about 280,000), some of whose families have relatives in Mexico. Theresa Alfaro-Velcamp argues that
363-628: The United Arab Emirates and Singapore , as well as West Africa , particularly Ivory Coast and Ghana . A law passed in 2008 permitted Lebanese abroad to vote in Lebanese elections, starting in 2013. Lebanese diaspora is often viewed as one of the most successful and influential diasporas in the world. Many Lebanese entrepreneurs and business people worldwide have proved very successful in all kinds of sectors and contexts. Lebanese abroad are considered "rich, educated and influential." Remittances from Lebanese abroad to family members within
SECTION 10
#1732855057021396-645: The 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1892, the first Lebanese arrived in Mexico from Beirut in French ships to Mexican ports such as Puerto Progreso , Veracruz and Tampico . At that time, Lebanon was not an independent nation ; the territory was held by the Ottoman Empire and later became a French protectorate . Roughly 100,000 Arabic-speakers settled in Mexico during this time period. They settled in significant numbers in Yucatán , Veracruz , Puebla , Mexico City and
429-452: The Indy 500 Bobby Rahal , Carlos Alberto captain of Brazil 1970 world cup champion, FIFA World Cup record holder Mario Zagallo , Bolivian national goalkeeper Jose Issa , chess Grandmaster Jennifer Shahade and Olympic medalists Jordyn Wieber , Florencia Habif , Matt Abood , Thaisa Daher and Beatriz Haddad Maia , top-10 woman tennis professional. Lebanese cuisine has engrained itself as
462-477: The Lebanese community, regardless of religious affiliation, is very high; most have only one parent with Lebanese ethnicity. As a result, some of them speak Arabic fluently. But the majority, especially among younger generations, speak Spanish as first language. Carlos Slim , formerly the richest man in the world, is an example of Lebanese Mexican success in Mexican society. Lebanese immigration to Mexico started in
495-3234: The Lebanese diaspora include Presidents and Vice-Presidents, e.g. Juan Lechin (Bolivia), Michel Temer (Brazil), Julio Teodoro Salem , Abdalá Bucaram , Alberto Dahik , Jamil Mahuad (all in Ecuador), Jacobo Majluta Azar , Luis Abinader (Dominican Republic), Julio Cesar Turbay (Colombia), Alberto Abdala (Uruguay) and Mario Abdo (former president of Paraguay ). Other famous politicians include Ralph Nader , 2000, 2004 and 2008 US presidential candidate, Alex Azar former United States Secretary of Health, Spencer Abraham former United States Secretary of Energy , Mark Esper former United States Secretary of Defense, John Sununu former White House Chief of Staff, Darrell Issa US politician, George J. Mitchell US Politician and Peace Envoy, Charlie Crist Governor of Florida, Philip Habib US Politician and Peace Envoy, Victoria Reggie Kennedy American lawyer and diplomat, politician and author Jeanine Pirro , US Representative Donna Shalala , US Representative Ray Lahood , Governor of Sao Paulo State in Brazil Paulo Maluf , Edward Seaga Prime Minister of Jamaica and Benjamin Miguel Harb Bolivian politician and lawyer. Notable military and astronauts include US army general John Abizaid , Navy Seal and Medal of Honor recipient Michael Monsoor as well as astronaut and Congressional Space Medal of Honor recipient Christa McAuliffe . Computer scientists include Richard Rashid , Tony Fadell and Jean Paoli . Famous businessmen of Lebanese descent include Carlos Slim Helú , Carlos Ghosn , Nicolas Hayek , John J. Mack , Jacques Nasser , Debra Cafaro , Joseph J Jacobs , Joe Jamail , Swiss-Lebanese banker Salim Sfeir , Swiss-Brazilian banker Edmond Safra , Mauricio Gonzalez Sfeir , Lucie Salhany , Kevin O' Leary , Marcus Lemonis , Canadian industrial psychologist Gad Saad , and famous names in entertainment like Danny Thomas , Marlo Thomas , Salma Hayek , Shakira , Jenna Dewan , Terrence Malick , Tom Shadyac , Tony Shalhoub , Kathy Najimy , Tiffany , Jim Backus , Jane Wiedlin , Kristy McNichol , Zoe Saldana , James Stacy , Catherine Keener , Vince Vaughn , Amy Yasbeck , Khrystyne Haje , Skandar Keynes , Jace Norman , Morena Baccarin , Barbara Mori , Omar Sharif , Ricardo Darin , Xavier Dolan , Damian Bichir , Paul Anka , Emilio Stefan , Drake 's long time producers and Grammy winners Noah "40" Shebib and Oliver El-Khatib, Alfredo Bojalil , Oscar-winning composer Gabriel Yared , guitarists Dick Dale , Tommy Bolin and G. E. Smith , Armand Van Helden , Tyler Joseph , Jack Barakat , Bazzi , Thomas Rhett , Patrick Gemayel , comedian el Gran Sandy , Uruguayan actress Dahd Sfeir , Mika , models Yamila Diaz-Rahi , Daniella Sarahyba and Zaira Nara ; Miss Universe Bolivia Lenka Nemer , and sportsmen like Doug Flutie , Rony Seikaly , Marcos Bagdhatis , Sammy Giammalva , professional tennis player and coach, Patrick Maroon , Johnny Manziel , surfers Kelly Slater and Maya Gabeira , winner of
528-625: The Lebanese identity to create strong networks to help its members out. Over the course of time, immigration has indeed yielded Lebanese "commercial networks" throughout the world. Lebanese migrants play an important role in assisting Lebanon and its people through financial support, touristic visits, starting businesses and trades. In West Africa, dozens of Lebanese entrepreneurs have established diverse business concerns in Ivory Coast , Senegal , Nigeria , Cameroon , Burkina Faso and other countries, and are viewed as business dynasties contributing to
561-496: The Middle East is in Brazil , which has, according to some sources, at least 6 million Brazilians of Lebanese ancestry , making Brazil's population of Lebanese greater than the entire population of Lebanon. According to a research conducted by IBGE in 2008, covering only the states of Amazonas, Paraíba, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso and Distrito Federal, 0.9% of white Brazilian respondents said they had family origins in
594-610: The Middle East, were introduced into Mexico by the Spaniards. The fusion between Arab and Mexican food has highly influenced the Yucatecan cuisine. The majority of Lebanese-Mexicans are Christians who belong to the Maronite , Roman Catholic , Eastern Orthodox and Melkite Catholic confessions. The Lebanese initially practiced Catholicism independently from other Mexicans, but learned to speak Spanish; Lebanese-Mexican children quickly joined
627-492: The Porfiriato era, 1876-1910, promoted immigration from the Middle East. However the revolution of 1910-20 saw a surge in xenophobia and nationalism based on "mestizaje." The Middle Eastern community divided into the economically prosperous Lebanese Mexicans who took pride in a distinct Lebanese-Mexican identity, while the downscale remainder often merged into the mestizo community. One Lebanese cultural tradition in Mexico itself
660-550: The capital Beirut was redrawn: 65,000 Shiite Muslims abandoned their neighborhoods, and Nabaa chout; from interior regions, in contrast, to the capital flowed 80,000 Maronites and Druzes. As a result of the Civil War, West Beirut was progressively abandoned by Christians. Also, a mass exodus fleeing saw tens of thousands of civilians, including Christians, Druze and Sunni Muslims . Not enough internal upheavals, during this period, tens of thousands of Palestinian refugees entered
693-485: The country (4.6 million citizens). The diaspora population consists of Christians , Muslims , Druze , and Jews . The Christians trace their origin to several waves of emigration , starting with the exodus that followed the 1860 Lebanon conflict in Ottoman empire. Under the current Lebanese nationality law , the Lebanese diaspora do not have an automatic right to return to Lebanon. Varying degrees of assimilation and
SECTION 20
#1732855057021726-401: The country for centuries. Cohabitation was sanctioned by a National Pact in 1943, which created a democracy based on religious communities. The country became a good example of religious and ethnic coexistence. But that lasted only a few decades. The larger communities, Christian and Muslim, were upset by the long Lebanese Civil War that raged between 1975 and 1990. The religious geography of
759-467: The country were estimated at $ 8.9 billion in 2014 and accounted for 18% of the country's economy. However, there remains a great untapped potential for further collaboration and cooperation between the diaspora and the Lebanese in their home country. Foreign direct investment is below 7% of the GDP, and almost half the Lebanese population is in tertiary education. Throughout its history, the Lebanese diaspora used
792-686: The country's mainstream religious activities. Since the early 1950s Lebanese Muslims settled in Mexico, in southern regions such as Chiapas , Oaxaca , Michoacan , and Guadalajara . They were responsible for the opening of the first mosque in Mexico, built in the city of Torreon , in Coahuila, and named Suraya. Lebanese diaspora Lebanese diaspora : Europe Overseas Middle East Lebanese diaspora refers to Lebanese migrants and their descendants who emigrated from Lebanon and now reside in other countries. There are more people of Lebanese origin living outside Lebanon than within
825-692: The country. At the end of the Lebanese Civil War , Christians, by majority, were discovered minority. In 1995 it was held a Special Assembly of Bishops for the Lebanon, convened by Pope John Paul II in Rome. Since 1954 the Holy See has its own seat in Lebanon, the Apostolic Vicariate of Beirut . with 15,000 Latin Catholics, 161 priests and 8 parishes in 2010. In the same year, there were 1,382,400 Catholics in Lebanon (mainly Eastern Catholics ), with 23 episcopal sees, 1,603 priests and 1,253 parishes belonging to
858-471: The data from the list and calculates the amount of Lebanese residents as a percentage of the total population of the respective country. Note: An important percentage of Middle-Easterners in Argentina , Brazil , Colombia , Mexico , Venezuela , Bulgaria , Romania , Italy , Portugal and Spain are of Lebanese ancestry. They are denoted ** for this purpose. The Lebanese government increasingly sees
891-434: The development of the local economies in the region. The list below contains approximate figures for people of full or partial Lebanese descent by country of residence, largely taken from the iLoubnan diaspora map. Additional reliable cites have been provided where possible. Additional estimates have been included where they can be cited; where applicable, these are used in place of the iLoubnan figures. The figure below uses
924-623: The diaspora as a critical resource for investment and new immigrants. A 2016 television ad tried to entice Lebanese in the United States to move to Lebanon to help improve the standard of living. The Lebanese government launched the DiasporaID program in August 2017 to better connect Lebanese abroad to Lebanon itself. Funding for the project was provided by USAID with an objective of improving foreign investment in Lebanon. On August 8, 2017, Lebanese President Michel Aoun advocated children of Lebanese in
957-442: The diaspora is estimated to be around 4 to 14 million people, far more than the internal population of Lebanon of around 4.6 million citizens in 2020. According to other estimates, the number of Lebanese living outside the country is thought to at least double the number of citizens living inside, which means at least 8 million people. Of the diaspora, 1.2 million are Lebanese citizens . The Lebanese diaspora has always been
990-1943: The diaspora take on Lebanese citizenship during a speech to the Maronite Diaspora Institution at Baabda Palace . [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] John Maron • Charbel Makhluf • Estephan El Douaihy • Elias Peter Hoayek • Youssef Bey Karam • Former Lebanese President Camille Chamoun • Fairuz • Khalil Gibran • Former Lebanese President Bachir Gemayel • Carlos Slim • Sabah • Carlos Ghosn • Elie Saab • Charles Elachi • John Abizaid • Etienne Saqr • Donna Shalala • Ray LaHood • Michel Temer • U.S. Presidency Candidate Ralph Nader • Miss USA 2010 Rima Fakih • Amal Clooney • Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir • Bechara Boutros al-Rahi • Lebanese President Michel Suleiman Famous scientists of Lebanese descent include: Peter Medawar (Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine), Elias Corey (Nobel Prize in Chemistry), Ardem Patapoutian (Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine), Michael Atiyah (Fields Medalist, Mathematics), Michael DeBakey (medical innovator), Mona Nemer (Canada's Chief Science Advisor ) and geneticists Huda Zoghbi , Anthony Atala and Joanne Chory . Famous writers include William Peter Blatty , Nelly Sfeir Gonzalez , film director Alex Garland , Nassim Nicholas Taleb and screenwriters and film producers Geoff Johns , Tony Thomas , Ronald Schwary , Tomas Langmann , Mario Kassar and Michael Tadross . Prominent members of
1023-674: The largest Eastern Catholic church represented in both Lebanon, and the Middle East . The "Land of the Cedars", as Lebanon is known, is the only one in the region where Catholics play an active role in national politics. Besides the President of the Republic , which by the Constitution of Lebanon must be a Maronite Catholic, in the Lebanese Parliament there are 43 seats reserved to Catholics out of
Lebanese Mexicans - Misplaced Pages Continue
1056-403: The northern part of the country (mainly in the states of Baja California , Nuevo León , Sinaloa , Chihuahua , Coahuila , and Durango , as well as the city of Tampico and Guadalajara ). Although Lebanese people made up less than 5% of the total immigrant population in Mexico during the 1930s, they constituted half of the immigrant economic activity. During the 1948 Israel-Lebanon war and
1089-782: The six Catholic rites. These numbers stayed consistent for the next ten years In addition to the Latin Church in Lebanon there are five other Catholic Churches sui iuris. Each is characterized by a liturgical rite specific differences. Among them, the main in Lebanon is the Syro-Antiochene. The Catholic Antiochian Rite form two distinct groups: the Maronite Church (main Catholic religious branch in Lebanon) and Syriac Catholic Church . Both churches have their patriarchal see in Lebanon. However,
#20979