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19-793: Lasswell or Laswell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Alva Lasswell (1905–1988), American Marine Corps officer who decoded the message that led to the death of Yamamoto Bill Laswell (born 1955), American bassist, producer and record label owner Butch Laswell (1958–1996), American stunt performer Fred Lasswell (1916–2001), American cartoonist Greg Laswell (born 1974), American musician, recording engineer, and producer Harold Lasswell (1902–1978), American political scientist and communications theorist Mary Lasswell (1905–1994), American author Shirley Slesinger Lasswell (1923–2007), American brand marketing pioneer [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with

38-532: A poor starting point, but a starting point. Next they had to unravel the cipher itself. It was Lieutenant Joseph Finnegan, a linguist-cryptanalyst, who finally hit upon the method that the Japanese had used to lock up their date-time groups. Layton describes this method as "involving a 12 x 31 (12 rows for months, 31 columns for day) garble check. The 31 kana [Japanese syllabic scripts] of the first row were A, I, U, E, O, KA, KI …………….HA, HI, HU, HE, HO. The second row

57-437: A result, Admiral Chester Nimitz was able to prepare an ambush using his three remaining aircraft carriers. Lasswell was promoted to lieutenant colonel on August 7, 1942. On April 14, 1943, a coded Japanese message was intercepted by American radio operators. After 18 hours of effort by the team at Station HYPO, it turned out to be the itinerary for a visit by Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto to the Japanese front lines near Rabaul and

76-530: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Alva B. Lasswell Alva Bryan "Red" Lasswell (January 3, 1905 – October 28, 1988) was a United States Marine Corps linguist and cryptanalyst during World War II . In 1942, he contributed to the identification of Midway Atoll as the Japanese military target codenamed AF. In April 1943, Lasswell helped decrypt the coded itinerary of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto , leading to his interception by Army Air Forces fighter planes near Rabaul . Lasswell

95-679: The USS Tennessee was a "fatal mistake" on the part of the Japanese , and that Finnegan's survival "cost (the Japanese) the war." He was reattached to the Division of Naval Communications after the attack and promoted to Lieutenant Commander on January 1, 1942. Edwin T. Layton , in his book " And I Was There: Pearl Harbor and Midway -- Breaking the Secrets " (1985) recounts a tremendous effort by Finnegan on

114-762: The United States Naval Academy , he graduated fifteenth in a class of 153 in 1928. Finnegan served as an ensign on the battleship USS  Florida from August 1928 to November 1930. Promoted to lieutenant (junior grade) in 1931, he helped commission the heavy cruiser USS  New Orleans in February 1934 and then served as her radio officer. Later in 1934, Finnegan was selected by the Office of Naval Intelligence to attend three years of full immersion Japanese language and culture training in Tokyo . While still there, he

133-412: The surname Lasswell . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lasswell&oldid=998071611 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

152-590: The Hypo team concerning the exact date on which the attack on Midway would occur. This involved the date-time groups in Japanese naval messages. Layton refers to the date-time data as being “superenciphered,” meaning that this data was preencoded even before it was added to the JN-25 cipher. When Hypo made their all-out effort to crack this, they started by searching the stacks of printouts and punched cards for five-digit number sequences. Those they found were in low grade codes,

171-581: The location of Japanese military installations. The couple later had two sons and, as of 2006, three grandchildren and four great-grandchildren. Lasswell Hall at Fort George G. Meade in Maryland, the headquarters of Marine Corps Forces Cyberspace Command , was named in his honor. On November 4, 2019, Lasswell was inducted into the Cryptologic Hall of Honor at National Security Agency headquarters. Joseph Finnegan (cryptographer) Joseph Finnegan

190-507: The northern Solomon Islands . Lasswell and his supervisor Jasper Holmes delivered the translated message to the Pacific Fleet intelligence officer Edwin Layton , who in turn passed it on to Admiral Nimitz. Yamamoto was killed in an attack by planes from the U.S. Army Air Forces 339th Fighter Squadron on April 18, 1943. Lasswell was promoted to colonel on November 5, 1943. After the end of

209-608: The war, Lasswell was awarded the Legion of Merit for his naval intelligence contributions. In 1947, Lasswell briefly served as acting commander of the 1st Marine Division . He later commanded the 7th Marine Regiment from October 1, 1947, to May 10, 1948. He retired from active duty in May 1956. Lasswell was married to Elizabeth Louise "Betty" Pearce (August 10, 1916 – May 18, 2006). They were married on June 3, 1938, in Tokyo, where Betty's father

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228-458: Was I, U, E, O ……………HE, HO, A; the third, U, E, O ……….HO, A, I, and so on, for 12 rows. At the left, representing the 12 months, was a column of 12 kana, different from those in the table – SA, AI, SU, SE, SO, TA, TI, TU, TE, TO, NA, NI (SA for January, NI for December). To encipher, for example 27 May, one picked the 5th line (May=SO), ran across to the twenty-seventh column, HA, and recorded the kana at that intersection, HO. The encipherment, then,

247-610: Was an expatriate American engineer working on electrification projects. Betty had been the top-seeded female tennis player in Japan while studying at the American School. The couple had three wedding ceremonies in one day: a church service, a Japanese civil ceremony at the Akasaka Ward Office and an American civil ceremony officiated by U.S. Ambassador Joseph Grew . Their honeymoon trip to Formosa doubled as an opportunity to map

266-628: Was born and raised in Dorchester, Massachusetts . His father was Peter Joseph Finnegan and his mother was the former Marion Catherine Connor. Joseph Finnegan had a brother and four sisters. He enlisted in the U.S. Navy in 1922 as an apprentice seaman and later served as a yeoman third class on the battleship USS  Mississippi . Finnegan attended the Naval Academy preparatory school in San Diego, California , and finished first in his class. Appointed to

285-516: Was born in McLeansboro, Illinois , but raised in Piggott, Arkansas . He attended Piggott High School and Rector High School , but never graduated. He was homeschooled by his father Charles, a teacher, and showed an aptitude for mathematics. In 1921, Lasswell moved to Oklahoma and found work as an accountant. Lasswell enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps in 1925. Selected for officer candidate school, he

304-504: Was commissioned as a second lieutenant on June 8, 1929. From 1932 to 1933, he served with the Marine detachment on USS  Arizona . Promoted to first lieutenant in 1934, Lasswell joined the 5th Marine Regiment in Quantico, Virginia , later that year. Assigned to teach FBI agents small arms marksmanship, he received a letter of commendation from Director J. Edgar Hoover . In 1935, Lasswell

323-620: Was promoted to Lieutenant in 1936. After completing his training, Finnegan was assigned to Station CAST in the Philippines in October 1937. He served there until relieved by Captain Alva Lasswell in September 1938. In 2002, Tex Biard described Finnegan as "intuitive" and "brilliant", and second only to Station Hypo chief Joseph J. Rochefort , saying that Finnegan's survival of the bombing of

342-569: Was promoted to major on April 29, 1942. After the Battle of the Coral Sea in May 1942, the team of intelligence officers at Station HYPO were hard at work trying to determine what the Japanese Navy would do next. Led by Joseph Rochefort , the team, which included Lasswell and Joseph Finnegan, established that a Japanese force of four aircraft carriers planned to strike Midway Island on June 4, 1942. As

361-437: Was sent to Tokyo for three years of full immersion Japanese language and culture training. While there, he was promoted to captain in 1936. In September 1938, Lasswell was sent to Station CAST in the Philippines to relieve Lieutenant Joseph Finnegan and receive cryptology training. This was followed by a military intelligence posting to Shanghai . Lasswell was reassigned to Station HYPO at Pearl Harbor in 1941. He

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