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37-461: Camp Las Pulgas , also called 43 Area Camp Pendleton , is subcamp of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton . The camp was built during World War II . It was used for training US Marines before departing to the Pacific War and housed them upon their return. The camp had a mix of tents and quonset huts . Las Pulgas is Spanish for The Fleas . The World War II, Korean War , and Vietnam War tent camp

74-636: A Major League Baseball All-Star Game that was played at what is now SDCCU Stadium . In a 2002 letter to the United States Environmental Protection Agency , Marine Corps Commandant J.L. Jones stated to the Transportation Corridor Agencies (TCA), who operates the toll roads in Orange County , “Frankly, my preference is that the proposed toll road not be constructed on or near Camp Pendleton. This construction

111-536: A Christian woman five or six leagues (15 to 18 miles (24 to 29 km)) from Antioch. Having embraced Christianity and consecrated her virginity to God, Margaret was disowned by her father, adopted by her nurse, and lived in the country keeping sheep with her foster mother. Olybrius, Governor of the Roman Diocese of the East , asked to marry her, with the demand that she renounce Christianity . Upon her refusal she

148-557: A Spanish expedition led by Captain Gaspar de Portolá explored northward from Loreto, Baja California Sur , seeking to reach Monterey Bay , something never before done overland by Europeans. On July 20 of that year , the expedition arrived in the area now known as Camp Pendleton, and as it was the feast day of St. Margaret , they christened the land in the name of Santa Margarita. The expedition went on to establish military outposts and Franciscan missions at San Diego and Monterey . During

185-446: A United States Postal Office. Gaspar de Portolá 's expedition with Junípero Serra and Joan Crespí camped at the spot in 1769. Father Crespí named the place La Canada de los Rosales or Rose Canyon, after seeing the wild Castilian roses that grew in the canyon. A few years later a Mission San Luis Rey de Francia survey party camped at the canyon and found and were hurt by many fleas, thus Camp Las Pulgas . The area became part of

222-425: A fence law that forced Forster to construct fencing around the extensive rancho lands. It was purchased by wealthy cattleman James Clair Flood and managed by Irishman Richard O'Neill, who was eventually rewarded for his faithful service with half ownership. Under the guidance of O'Neill's son, Jerome, the ranch made a profit of nearly half a million dollars annually, and the house was modernized and refurbished. In

259-435: Is a patroness of pregnant women, servant maids, kidney-sufferers, and against diabolical infestations. In art, she is often represented as a shepherdess, or pictured escaping from, or standing above, a dragon. While Western iconography typically depicts St. Margaret emerging from the dragon, Eastern Byzantine iconography tends to focus on her battle with the demon in her cell and depicts her grabbing him by his hair and swinging

296-507: Is in the Mainside Complex, at the southeastern end of the base, and the remote northern interior is an impact area. Daytime population is around 100,000. Recruits from nearby Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego spend four weeks at Pendleton's Edson Range receiving field training; after graduating from recruit training , newly minted infantry Marines return to the base's School of Infantry for further training. Camp Pendleton remains

333-410: Is one more encroachment venture that will hinder [our] ability to prepare for war. It will also result in additional losses of natural areas that support endangered species, thus placing an even greater burden on Camp Pendleton to protect the region’s biodiversity.” In 2008, after the rejection of the proposed toll road extension of SR 241 through San Onofre State Beach Park for environmental reasons,

370-590: Is one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers and is one of the saints with whom Joan of Arc claimed to have spoken. According to a 9th-century martyrology of Rabanus Maurus , Margaret suffered at Antioch in Pisidia (in what is now Turkey) in c. 304, during the Diocletianic Persecution . She was the daughter of a pagan priest named Aedesius. Her mother having died soon after her birth, Margaret was nursed by

407-492: Is ongoing. The original ranch house has been declared a National Historic Site as well as the Las Flores Adobe . The base's diverse geography, spanning over 125,000 acres (506 km ), plays host to year-round training for Marines in addition to all other branches of the U.S. military . Amphibious and sea-to-shore training takes place at several key points along the base's 17 miles (27 km) of coastline. The main base

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444-772: Is the major West Coast base of the United States Marine Corps and is one of the largest Marine Corps bases in the United States. It is on the Southern California coast in San Diego County and is bordered by Oceanside to the south, San Clemente in Orange County to the north, Riverside County to the northeast, and Fallbrook to the east. The base was established in 1942 to train U.S. Marines for service in World War II . By October 1944, Camp Pendleton

481-635: The 1996 Republican National Convention , accompanying national anthem performers. Among the more famous performers who were accompanied by the Camp Pendleton color guard have been Frankie Laine , Herb Alpert , Wilson Phillips , Jewel , Trisha Yearwood and the Dixie Chicks , all of whom had performed the National Anthem at either a World Series game, Super Bowl , or, in Wilson Phillips' case,

518-513: The Californios , became the landed gentry of Alta California . In 1841, two brothers, Pio Pico and Andrés Pico , became the first private owners of Rancho Santa Margarita. More land was later added to the grant, giving it the name of Rancho Santa Margarita y Las Flores , which stayed with the ranch until the Marine Corps acquired it in 1942. The design of the ranch's cattle brand is seen in

555-690: The Korean War , $ 20 million helped expand and upgrade existing facilities, including the construction of Camp Horno . When Camp Pendleton trained the country's fighting force for the Korean and Vietnam Wars , approximately 200,000 Marines passed through the base on their way to the Far East. Beginning in 1954, Camp Pendleton has hosted a variation of Basic Training familiarization for teenagers age 14 to 17. This training, called "Devil Pups", promotes physical fitness, instills discipline and promotes love of country and

592-725: The parish church of the British Houses of Parliament in London . There is also a Saint Margaret Shrine in Bridgeport, Connecticut . She is recognised as a saint by the Catholic Church , being listed as such in the Roman Martyrology for 20 July. She was also included from the 12th to the 20th century among the saints to be commemorated wherever the Roman Rite was celebrated, but

629-681: The Delta and Charlie training areas, Zulu Impact Area and Case Springs on the base. In early 2021, there were around 90 adults, and 14 calves were expected in April. Margaret the Virgin 17 July ( Byzantine Christianity ) Epip 23 ( Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria ) (Martyrdom) Margaret , known as Margaret of Antioch in the West, and as Saint Marina the Great Martyr ( Ancient Greek : Ἁγία Μαρίνα ) in

666-593: The East, is celebrated as a saint on 20 July in Western Christianity , on 30th of July ( Julian calendar ) by the Eastern Orthodox Church , and on Epip 23 and Hathor 23 in the Coptic Orthodox Church . She was reputed to have promised very powerful indulgences to those who wrote or read her life or invoked her intercessions ; these no doubt helped the spread of her following. Margaret

703-778: The Marine Corps. The camp's stables display a plaque and statue commemorating a horse, Sergeant Reckless , which served with the Marine Corps in Korea. In 1975 Camp Pendleton was the first U.S. military base to provide accommodations for Vietnamese evacuees in Operation New Arrivals . Over 50,000 refugees came to the base in the largest humanitarian airlift in history. Camp Pendleton has continued to grow through renovations, replacing its original tent camps with more than 2,626 buildings and over 500 miles of roads. Preservation of Camp Pendleton heritage and Marine Corps history

740-586: The TCA filed for permission to build on the northwestern portion of the base. A spokesman for Camp Pendleton denied the request in 2010, stating that they could only allow the toll road to run through the San Onofre State Beach Park because their training missions could not be completed without the proposed land. In fact, the California gnatcatcher , an endangered species , resides on the northwestern portion of

777-592: The base still includes breeding habitat for birds such as the western snowy plover and California gnatcatcher . The coastal bluffs have many of the few existing specimens of the Pendleton button-celery , which was named for the base. Rare mammals on the base include the Pacific pocket mouse and Stephens's kangaroo rat . Fourteen American bison were introduced from the San Diego Zoo between 1973 and 1979. They roam

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814-402: The base's logo today. In 1863, an Englishman named John (Don Juan) Forster (Pio Pico's brother-in-law) paid off Pico's gambling debts in return for the deed to the ranch. During his tenure as owner, he expanded the ranch house, built in 1827, and developed the rancho into a thriving cattle industry. Forster's heirs were forced to sell the ranch in 1882 because of a series of droughts and

851-453: The base. The TCA funded a study in 2013 to remove the California gnatcatcher from the endangered species list, which would have made it easier to negotiate the construction and planning of the 241's extension through the San Onofre State Beach Park. Areas 11-16 are collectively known as "Mainside." Camp Pendleton was built on a wide swath of coastal land that once supported an estuary at

888-471: The base. Wartime training facilities at the base included landing craft school, amphibious tractor school, beach battalion school, amphibious communications school , Naval Construction Battalion Training Center and a medical field service school at the naval hospital at Santa Margarita Ranch, now Naval Hospital Camp Pendleton . The facility was used as a discharge base for soldiers returning from Europe and Asia after World War II ended in 1945. During

925-490: The century to which she belonged is uncertain". Doubts about her story are not new: by the Middle Ages , hagiographer Jacobus de Voragine (author of the well-known Golden Legend ) considered her martyrology to be too fantastic and remarked that the part where she is eaten by the dragon was to be considered a legend. The Greek Marina came from Antioch in Pisidia (as opposed to Antioch of Syria ), but this distinction

962-659: The church celebrates the dedication of a church to her name. Saint Mary church in Cairo holds a relic believed to be Margaret's right hand, previously moved from the Angel Michael Church (modernly known as Haret Al Gawayna) following its destruction in the 13th century AD. In 2022, Margaret was officially added to the Episcopal Church liturgical calendar with a feast day she shares with Catherine of Alexandria and Barbara of Nicomedia on 24 November. Margaret of Antioch

999-510: The early 1940s, both the Army and the Marine Corps were looking for land for a large training base. The Army lost interest in the project, but in February 1942 it was announced that the 122,798 acres (497 km ) of Rancho Santa Margarita y Las Flores would be transformed into the largest Marine Corps base in the country. It was named for Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton who had long advocated

1036-514: The establishment of a West Coast training base. Construction began in April as a temporary facility built to minimum standards of wood frame construction. After five months of furious building activity, the 9th Marine Regiment , under then Colonel Lemuel C. Shepherd Jr. , marched from Camp Elliott in San Diego to Camp Pendleton to be the first troops to occupy the new base. On September 25, 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt officially dedicated

1073-755: The last major undeveloped portion of the California coastline south of Santa Barbara , save for a few relatively small state parks. In 2015 the site was proposed for a large civilian airport. Since August 2004, Camp Pendleton has been one of five locations in the Department of Defense to operate the Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System (STARS) air radar. The STARS radar allows the facility to simulate air traffic for training purposes. Camp Pendleton's five-man color guard has participated in many sporting events in San Diego and at

1110-641: The mouth of the Santa Margarita River and extensive salt marsh habitat. Outlying land within the base is made up of floodplain , oak woodlands , coastal dunes and bluffs, coastal sage scrub , chaparral , and several types of wetlands, including ephemeral wetlands such as vernal pools . Wildfire is not uncommon. Research in ecology takes place on undeveloped areas of the base, which contain examples of rare and endangered California habitat types. The Department of Defense has issued management plans for various ecosystems on this territory. Land within

1147-754: The next 30 years, 21 missions were established, the most productive one being Mission San Luis Rey , just south of the present-day Camp Pendleton. At that time, San Luis Rey Mission had control over the Santa Margarita area. After 1821, following the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, some of the former members of the Portolà expedition who had stayed on (mostly garrison soldiers) were awarded large land grants ( ranchos ) by Mexican governors. The retired soldiers were joined as rancheros by prominent businessmen, officials, and military leaders. They and their children,

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1184-686: The vast California Spanish missions . With the Mexican secularization act of 1833 the land became grazing land for Andrés Pico and Pío Pico . In 1844 this became Rancho Santa Margarita y Las Flores . Andrés Pico used the land as his headquarters in the Mexican–American War . His troops foght in the Battle of San Pasqual in December 1846. After the war the land returned to grazing. Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton

1221-731: Was called Camp Las Pulgas Bivouac Area and Tent Camp 1. This area is now the parking lot for Camp Pendleton's Combat Convoy Simulator and the Training Support Division. In 1971 the camp became the home of the 11th Marine Regiment . The 11th Marine Regiment is the artillery division of the 1st Marine Division . The camp is also home to the 1st Maintenance Battalion . Also at Camp Las Pulgas - 43 Area is: Pulgas Lake, Las Pulgas Park, 11th Marine Armory, 43 Area Dental Clinic, Las Pulgas Barber Shop, 43 Area Fitness Center, 43 Area Pool, 43 Area Branch Medical Clinic, 43 Area SMP Single Marine Program Recreation Center, 43 Area Training Tank, and

1258-510: Was cruelly tortured, during which various miraculous incidents are reported to have occurred. One of these involved being swallowed by Satan in the shape of a dragon , from which she escaped alive when the cross she carried irritated the dragon's innards. Eventually, she was decapitated. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica , Margaret's story is "generally regarded to be fictitious". The Catholic Encyclopedia states "even

1295-454: Was declared a "permanent installation," and by 1946 it became the home of the 1st Marine Division . It was named after Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton (1860–1942), who had long advocated setting up a training base for the Marine Corps on the West Coast. Today it is home to myriad Operating Force units, including the I Marine Expeditionary Force and various training commands. In 1769,

1332-708: Was lost in the West. From the east her veneration spread towards England, France, and Germany, in the 11th century during the Crusades . In 1222, the Council of Oxford added her to the list of feast days, and so her cult acquired great popularity. Many versions of the story were told in 13th-century England, in Anglo-Norman (including one ascribed to Nicholas Bozon ), English, and Latin, and more than 250 churches are dedicated to her in England, most famously, St. Margaret's, Westminster ,

1369-533: Was then removed from the general calendar along with other European saints through the apostolic letter Mysterii Paschalis . The Eastern Orthodox Church knows Margaret as Saint Marina, and celebrates her feast day on 30 July. Margaret is remembered in the Church of England with a commemoration on 20 July . Every year on Epip 23 the Coptic Orthodox church celebrates her martyrdom day, and on Hathor 23

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