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79-583: The Langdon Street Historic District is a historic neighborhood east of the UW campus in Madison, Wisconsin - home to some of Madison's most prominent residents like John B. Winslow, Chief Justice of the state Supreme Court, and nationally recognized historian Frederick Jackson Turner. The district has a high concentration of period revival style buildings - many built from 1900 to 1930 to house Greek letter societies , and many designed by Madison's prominent architects. In 1986

158-473: A "suburban-like feel". The area is also a commercial district, and contains Hilldale Shopping Center , an outdoor shopping center containing restaurants and national retail chains. The Capitol Square Area is Madison's central business district . It is home to high-rise apartments, restaurants, and shopping outlets. It contains several museums and is home to the Wisconsin State Capitol building and

237-482: A attic for themselves to live in. The third story is Prairie Style on the exterior and Craftsman on the inside. Joseph Jastrow was a Polish-born psychology professor. He was interested in North African culture and built a Moorish -styled study in the attic, with a stained glass skylight and dark, carved wall panels. His wife Rachel Jastrow led women's causes in town. The John Bradley Winslow house at 131 Langdon St

316-555: A center for progressive political activity, protests, and demonstrations, and contemporary Madison is considered the most politically liberal city in Wisconsin. The presence of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, as well as other educational institutions has a significant impact on the economy , culture , and demographics of Madison. As of 2021, Madison is the fastest-growing city in Wisconsin. Madison's economy features

395-473: A gambrel roof is similar to that of a mansard roof, but a gambrel has vertical gable ends instead of being hipped at the four corners of the building. A gambrel roof overhangs the façade , whereas a mansard normally does not. Gambrel is a Norman English word, sometimes spelled gambol such as in the 1774 Boston carpenters' price book (revised 1800). Other spellings include gamerel, gamrel, gambril, gameral, gambering, cambrel, cambering, chambrel referring to

474-461: A greater proportion of annual rainfall, but winter still sees significant precipitation. As of the census of 2020 , the population was 269,840. The population density was 3,391 inhabitants per square mile (1,309.3/km ). There were 126,070 housing units at an average density of 1,584 per square mile (611.6/km ). Ethnically, the population was 8.7% Hispanic or Latino of any race. When grouping both Hispanic and non-Hispanic people together by race,

553-458: A house with a gambrel-roof,—   Standing still, if you must have proof.— "Gambrel?—Gambrel?"—Let me beg   You'll look at a horse's hinder leg,— First great angle above the hoof,—   That's the gambrel; hence gambrel-roof.) An earlier reference from the Dictionary of Americanisms , published in 1848, defines gambrel as "A hipped roof of a house, so called from

632-632: A large and growing technology sector, and the Madison area is home to the headquarters of Epic Systems , American Family Insurance , Exact Sciences , Promega , American Girl , Sub-Zero , Lands' End , Spectrum Brands , a regional office for Google , and the University Research Park, as well as many biotechnology and health systems startups. Madison is a popular visitor destination , with tourism generating over $ 1 billion for Dane County's economy in 2018. Before Europeans, humans inhabited

711-439: A large seasonal temperature variance: winter temperatures can be well below freezing, with moderate to occasionally heavy snowfall and temperatures reaching 0 °F or −17.8 °C on 17 mornings annually; high temperatures in summer average in the lower 80s °F (27–28 °C), reaching 90 °F (32.2 °C) on an average 12 afternoons per year, with lower humidity levels than winter but higher than spring. Summer accounts for

790-516: A male householder with no wife present, and 53.3% were non-families. 36.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age in the city was 30.9 years. 17.5 percent of residents were under the age of 18; 19.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.4% were from 25 to 44; 21.9% were from 45 to 64; and 9.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of

869-414: A photo from 1896-1900 in the walking tour guide. Some time after, the 2-story portico with the columns and the door frame with the broken pediment were added to remake it as a more stylish Colonial Revival. The Dean John and Phoebe Johnson house at 626 N Henry St was built in 1902, designed by Claude & Starck as a modest Queen Anne-styled building but with some influence of Prairie Style showing in

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948-466: A photo in the walking tour guide. Romanzo was an attorney, D.A., and assemblyman. When this house was built he was U.S. district judge in western Wisconsin. A year after he also became a professor of law at the UW. The John J. Suhr House at 121 Langdon St is a 2.5 story brick house built in 1886, designed by John Nader in Second Empire style . The hallmark of the style is the mansard roof . This house

1027-489: A state in 1848, Madison remained the capital, and the following year it became the site of the University of Wisconsin (now University of Wisconsin–Madison ). The Milwaukee & Mississippi Railroad (a predecessor of the Milwaukee Road ) connected to Madison in 1854. Madison incorporated as a city in 1856, with a population of 6,863, leaving the unincorporated remainder as a separate Town of Madison . The original capitol

1106-616: A thousand acres (4 km ) of swamp and forest land on the isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona, with the intention of building a city in the Four Lakes region. He purchased 1,261 acres for $ 1,500. When the Wisconsin Territory was created in 1836 the territorial legislature convened in Belmont, Wisconsin . One of the legislature's tasks was to select a permanent location for the territory's capital. Doty lobbied aggressively for Madison as

1185-423: A wooden bar used by butchers to hang the carcasses of slaughtered animals. Butcher's gambrels, later made of metal, resembled the two-sloped appearance of a gambrel roof when in use. Gambrel is also a term for the joint in the upper part of a horse's hind leg, the hock . In 1858, Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. wrote: Know old Cambridge? Hope you do.—   Born there? Don't say so! I was, too. (Born in

1264-509: Is Prairie Style , with an emphasis on the horizontal and unadorned geometric shapes, with stucco exterior and a flared hip roof . It was built by Ole Norseman, Madison's city clerk at the time. Norseman built an identical house next door in 1914, lived there, and rented this house out. The Hanks Bungalow #1 at 211 Lakelawn Place is one of four adjacent bungalows built in 1914 by attorney and realtor Stanley Hanks. The four are similar 1.5 story side-gabled structures with full-width porches across

1343-586: Is a 3-story structure built in 1925, designed by Law & Law in Mediterranean Revival style. Typical of that style, it has a brown brick exterior and a low-pitched hip roof covered with red tile. Beta Theta Pi was one of the first fraternities at Madison, with its chapter established in 1873. The Villa Maria at 615 Howard Place is an apartment building designed by Frank Riley in Spanish Colonial Revival style and built 1925-26. Hallmarks of

1422-498: Is a central gathering place on Lake Mendota . Memorial Union Terrace is home to uniquely designed "terrace chairs" with a sunburst design that have become a symbol of the city. The Memorial Union hosts concerts, plays, and comedy and is home to multiple restaurants and ice cream shops serving both the University of Wisconsin–Madison campus and the greater city. Henry Vilas Zoo is a 28-acre (11 ha) public zoo owned by Dane County which receives over 750,000 visitors annually. It

1501-514: Is a well-preserved Queen Anne house built in 1892, with a cross-gable roof, a gambrel -roofed wing, shingles in the gable ends, and a two bay windows. Alexander was an insurance businessman. The Jastrow house at 237 Langdon was built in 1891, two stories in Queen Anne style. But then around 1908 the Jastrows remodeled the house, remaking the first two stories into apartments and adding a third story and

1580-399: Is clad in cream brick, with tall windows and a mansard-roofed tower above the front entrance, topped with metal cresting. The classical-style porch is a later addition. John J. Suhr Sr was a German immigrant who founded Madison's German-American Bank in 1885. His son John Jr. directed the bank and lived in this house until 1957 - one of the few old families to persist in the neighborhood through

1659-564: Is home to much of the nightlife of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, as it is the location of several bars and performance venues ranging from comedy clubs to multiple large theaters, including the Overture Center, which features local ballets and Broadway touring casts. State Street is also home to Freakfest , the annual Halloween party in Madison. A newer event on State Street is the Madison Night Market occurring four nights during

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1738-518: Is now home to "Greek Row" at the University of Wisconsin-Madison . It is well known for its Fraternity and Sorority houses. Madison, Wisconsin Madison is the capital city of the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the seat of Dane County . The population was 269,840 as of the 2020 census , making it the second-most populous city in Wisconsin, after Milwaukee , and the 77th-most populous in

1817-522: Is one of ten remaining free zoos in North America. Gambrel Europeans historically did not distinguish between a gambrel roof and a mansard roof but called both types a mansard. In the United States, various shapes of gambrel roofs are sometimes called Dutch gambrel or Dutch Colonial gambrel with bell-cast eaves, Swedish, German, English, French, or New England gambrel. The cross-section of

1896-580: Is the best example of Italianate style in the district. Built in 1874, it stands 2.5 stories with low-pitched roofs with wide eaves supported by paired brackets, with tall windows and brick and stucco walls. John Davies was a UW professor of physics, and one of the first to conduct high-level research at the UW. The Romanzo and Sarah Bunn house at 104 Langdon St was built around 1878, designed by David R. Jones in Second Empire style. Two original mansard-roofed towers have been removed, but can be seen in

1975-474: Is when fraternities began to move in. Gorham's sawmill at the end of Lake Street had been replaced around 1860 by Mendota Agricultural Works, which became Madison Manufacturing Company, and did well until the Panic of 1873 . Madison Manufacturing finally folded in 1890. With that, the land was subdivided into residential lots. Around the same time, the UW was growing, from 539 students in 1886 to 2,422 in 1899. Meanwhile,

2054-566: Is within the city as well; it is connected to the Yahara River chain by Wingra Creek. The Yahara flows into the Rock River , which flows into the Mississippi River . Downtown Madison is located on an isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona. The city's trademark of "Lake, City, Lake" reflects this geography. The city's lowest elevation is the intersection of Regas Road and Corporate Drive on

2133-676: The First Unitarian Society of Madison , makes its home in the historic Unitarian Meeting House, designed by one of its members, Frank Lloyd Wright . The Gates of Heaven Synagogue in James Madison Park is the eighth-oldest-surviving synagogue building in the U.S. Madison is home to the Freedom from Religion Foundation , a non-profit organization that promotes the separation of church and state . There were 53 homicides reported by Madison Police from 2000 to 2009. The highest total

2212-766: The Monona Terrace . The capitol square holds several public events for the city of Madison including the Dane County Farmers' Market , Concerts on the Square , Taste of Madison and Art Fair on the Square . The area's nightlife is served by several bars and live music venues. State Street , which links the University of Wisconsin campus with the Capitol Square, is lined with restaurants, espresso cafes, and shops. Only pedestrians, buses, emergency vehicles, delivery vehicles, and bikes are allowed on State Street. State Street

2291-882: The United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin , and government-adjacent nonprofit organizations and lobbying groups such as CatholicVote.org , the Center for Media and Democracy , Freedom From Religion Foundation , League of Wisconsin Municipalities , and MacIver Institute . Other non-governmental business and research associations and organizations are also based in Madison, including Advanced Media Workflow Association , International Dairy-Deli-Bakery Association , Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco , Soil Science Society of America , and Tavern League of Wisconsin . Madison also contains

2370-631: The University of Wisconsin–Madison , a research institution that employs over 25,000 faculty and staff. It is the official state university of Wisconsin and the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System . Madison is home to a large biotech and health information technology scene. Notable companies headquartered in Madison in this field include Epic Systems , Panvera (now part of Invitrogen) , Exact Sciences , and Promega . Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals , Thermo Fischer Scientific, pipette manufacturer Gilson, Catalent , and Fortrea have operations in

2449-570: The Wisconsin State Capitol building. The University of Wisconsin–Madison , the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System , is located in the city. Other cultural institutions include the Henry Vilas Zoo , Madison Museum of Contemporary Art , Olbrich Botanical Gardens , Overture Center for the Arts , and Wisconsin Historical Museum . Madison is home to an extensive network of parks,

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2528-463: The eaves and cornice returns . The entry porch is supported by Ionic columns , with a balustrade above. Frank was involved in real estate and helped found the forerunner of Ray-O-Vac batteries, a big industry in Madison. After Frank died, Mary lived in the house until 1927, when the Alpha Phi sorority moved in. The Norseman house at 613 Howard Place is a 2-story hip-roofed house built in 1910. It

2607-480: The villages of Maple Bluff and Shorewood Hills . Madison shares borders with its largest suburb, Sun Prairie , and three other suburbs, Middleton , McFarland , and Fitchburg . Other suburbs include the city of Verona and the villages of Cottage Grove , DeForest , and Waunakee as well as Mount Horeb , Oregon , Stoughton , and Cross Plains . According to the United States Census Bureau ,

2686-478: The 1960s and 1970s, the Madison counterculture was centered in the neighborhood of Mifflin and Bassett streets, referred to as "Miffland". The area contained many three-story apartments where students and counterculture youth lived, painted murals, and operated the co-operative grocery store, the Mifflin Street Co-op. Residents of the neighborhood often came into conflict with authorities, particularly during

2765-1003: The Madison metro area as well as Rock County (Janesville–Beloit metropolitan area) and Sauk County (Baraboo micropolitan area). The population of this region as of the 2020 census was 910,246. Madison is the episcopal see for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison . InterVarsity Christian Fellowship /USA has its headquarters in Madison. The Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod has three churches in Madison: Eastside Lutheran Church, Our Redeemer Lutheran Church, and Wisconsin Lutheran Chapel. The Evangelical Lutheran Synod has fifteen churches in Madison, including Grace Lutheran Church, Holy Cross Lutheran Church, and Our Saviour's Lutheran Church. Most American Christian movements are represented in

2844-409: The UW had closed North Hall in 1885, forcing all male students to find lodging off campus. Homes near campus were converted into student housing, which made the area less appealing to the businessmen and professionals who had lived there earlier. Here are some important buildings in the district, and good examples of architectural styles, in roughly the order built: The Davies house at 29 Langdon St

2923-408: The United States. The Madison metropolitan area had a population of 680,796. The city is located on an isthmus and lands surrounding five lakes— Lake Mendota , Lake Monona , Lake Wingra , Lake Kegonsa and Lake Waubesa . Madison was founded in 1836 and is named after American Founding Father and President James Madison . As the state capital, Madison is home to government chambers including

3002-494: The Waterfront Festival (June), La Fete de Marquette (July), Orton Park Festival (August), and Willy Street Fair (September). The Willy Street neighborhood is a hub for Madison's bohemian culture. Houses lining the street are often painted colorfully, and the area has several murals. Madison, along with the rest of the state, has a humid continental climate ( Köppen : Dfa ), characterized by variable weather patterns and

3081-709: The administration of the Republican mayor Bill Dyke . Dyke was viewed by students as a direct antagonist in efforts to protest the Vietnam War because of his efforts to suppress local protests. The annual Mifflin Street Block Party became a focal point for protest, although by the late 1970s it had become a mainstream community party. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, thousands of students and other citizens took part in anti-Vietnam War marches and demonstrations , with more violent incidents drawing national attention to

3160-500: The area in and around Madison for about 12,000 years. The Ho-Chunk called the region Teejop (pronounced Day-JOPE [J as in Jump]) meaning "land of the four lakes" (Mendota, Monona, Waubesa, and Kegonsa). Numerous effigy mounds , constructed for ceremonial and burial purposes over 1,000 years earlier, dotted the rich prairies around the lakes. Madison's modern origins begin in 1829, when former federal judge James Duane Doty purchased over

3239-528: The area include American Girl , Lands' End , Shopbop , Colony Brands , and John Deere . Supported by naturally fertile soil, Madison's infrastructure supports food production, processing, and distribution. Major employers include Hormel Foods , Del Monte , and Frito-Lay . The meat producer Oscar Mayer was a Madison fixture for decades, and was a family business for many years before being sold to Kraft Foods . Its Madison headquarters and manufacturing facility were shuttered in 2017. The Memorial Union

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3318-496: The area's high level of education; 48.2% of Madison's population over the age of 25 holds at least a bachelor's degree. The University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics (UW Health), and Wisconsin state government remain the largest employers in the city, while Epic Systems is the largest private sector employer. The Madison metropolitan area is home to multiple financial services companies, including

3397-700: The broad eaves, the Sullivanesque terra cotta panels on the porch columns, and the George Maher -esque arch-topped dormer. John B. Johnson was a Dean of the School of Engineering. After the Johnsons, the house was occupied by the Delta Tau Delta fraternity. The Frank and Mary Brown house at 28 Langdon St is a Colonial Revival structure built in 1905, 2.5 stories, clad in brick with corner quoins , with dentils under

3476-422: The capitol ranged in size from 10,000 to over 100,000 people and lasted for several months. On October 31, 2022, the city of Madison annexed the majority of the remaining Town of Madison . Madison is located in the center of Dane County in south-central Wisconsin, 77 miles (124 km) west of Milwaukee and 122 miles (196 km) northwest of Chicago . Madison completely surrounds the city of Monona , and

3555-431: The center of the city. But Clark foresaw that this picturesque ridge of good, well-drained land would one day be in demand for house lots in a city beset by swamps and marshes on an already small isthmus between two large lakes." Proving Clark right, two of the wealthiest men in Madison built homes in what would become the district in 1851: banker, future mayor and legislator Levi Baker Vilas built an Italianate mansion at

3634-498: The city and UW campus. These include: These protests were the subject of the 1979 documentary The War at Home . David Maraniss 's 2004 book, They Marched into Sunlight , incorporated the 1967 Dow protests into a larger Vietnam War narrative. Tom Bates wrote the book Rads on the subject ( ISBN   0-06-092428-4 ). Bates wrote that Dyke's attempt to suppress the annual Mifflin Street Block Party "would take three days, require hundreds of officers on overtime pay, and engulf

3713-594: The city has a total area of 94.03 square miles (243.54 km ), of which 76.79 square miles (198.89 km ) is land and 17.24 square miles (44.65 km ) is water. The city is sometimes described as The City of Four Lakes , comprising the four successive lakes of the Yahara River : Lake Mendota ("Fourth Lake"), Lake Monona ("Third Lake"), Lake Waubesa ("Second Lake") and Lake Kegonsa ("First Lake"), although Waubesa and Kegonsa are not actually in Madison, but just south of it. A fifth smaller lake, Lake Wingra ,

3792-475: The city was 49.2% male and 50.8% female. The Madison metropolitan area , as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget , is the area consisting of Columbia , Dane, Green , and Iowa counties anchored by the city of Madison. As of the 2020 census, the metro area had a population of 680,796. The Madison– Janesville – Beloit combined statistical area consists of the four counties in

3871-479: The city was 71.0% White , 9.5% Asian , 7.4% Black or African American , 0.5% Native American , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 3.8% from other races , and 7.8% from two or more races. The 2020 census population of the city included 548 people incarcerated in adult correctional facilities and 9,909 people in university student housing. According to the American Community Survey estimates for 2016–2020,

3950-434: The city was 78.9 percent white, 7.3 percent black, 0.4 percent American Indian, 7.4 percent Asian, 2.9 percent other races, and 3.1 from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.8 percent of the population. There were 102,516 households, of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had

4029-464: The city, including mainline denominations, evangelical, charismatic and fully independent churches, including an LDS stake . The city also has multiple Sikh Gurdwaras, Hindu temples, three mosques and several synagogues , a community center serving the Baháʼí Faith , a Quaker Meeting House , and a Unity Church congregation. The nation's third largest congregation of Unitarian Universalists ,

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4108-821: The city. The University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics is an important regional teaching hospital and regional trauma center, with strengths in transplant medicine, oncology, digestive disorders, and endocrinology. Other Madison hospitals include St. Mary's Hospital , Meriter Hospital , and the VA Medical Center . Information technology companies in Madison include Broadjam , Zendesk , Full Compass Systems , Raven Software , EatStreet , and TDS Telecom . Madison's community hackerspaces/makerspaces are Sector67, which serves inventors and entrepreneurs, and The Bodgery, which serves hobbyists, artists, and tinkerers. Start up incubators and connectors include StartingBlock, gener8tor and University Research Park. Epic Systems

4187-525: The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places . From Madison's founding in 1836 to the 1850s, what is now the Langdon Street district was a forested ridge west of the bustling little town around the capitol square. But in 1846 Julius T. Clark bought a block of that ridge and built the first house there. "At the time, other Madisonians felt he was foolish for living so far away from

4266-551: The east side, at 836.9 ft (255.1 m). The highest elevation is located along Pleasant View Road on the far west side of the city, atop a portion of a terminal moraine of the Green Bay Lobe of the Wisconsin glaciation , at 1,190 ft (360 m). Local identity varies throughout Madison, with over 120 officially recognized neighborhood associations, such as the east side Williamson-Marquette Neighborhood. Historically,

4345-458: The façade of a cottage, the back of the building extends three stories down the slope toward Lake Mendota. The Chi Omega sorority house at 115 Langdon St was designed by Frank Riley and built in 1926. Quite distinctive, the style is Dutch Colonial Revival , with shaped parapets on the end gables and dormers, corner quoins, and a classical entrance with pilasters , frieze , and pediment . The Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity house at 260 Langdon St

4424-446: The fraternity years. The Frederick Jackson Turner house at 629 N Frances St was built in 1893, in generally Queen Anne style, with a complex roof, a tower, and a porch facing the lake. Turner was a history professor whose " Frontier thesis " proposed the idea that America's steady advance into its western frontier influenced its character and democracy different from European nations. The Alexander and Emma Main house at 127 Langdon St

4503-489: The front - but they aren't identical. This one has a shed-roofed dormer , shingles in the gable ends and round columns supporting the front porch. The Kappa Sigma fraternity house at 124 Langdon St was designed by Frank Riley in classic Georgian Revival style and built in 1923. Typical of the style, this structure is symmetric, clad in red brick with white trim. It stands 3.5 stories, with prominent chimneys on each end. The Beta Theta Pi fraternity house at 622 Mendota Ct

4582-521: The headquarters of the Credit Union National Association (CUNA), American Family Insurance , CUNA Mutual Group , and National Guardian Life . The Onion satirical newspaper, as well as the pizza chains Glass Nickel Pizza Company and Rocky Rococo , originated in Madison. As Madison is the state capital of Wisconsin, it is home to the primary offices of most state agencies. It also has multiple federal-level bureaus, such as

4661-403: The median income for a household in the city was $ 67,565, and the median income for a family was $ 96,502. Male full-time workers had a median income of $ 56,618 versus $ 48,760 for female workers. The per capita income for the city was $ 39,595. About 6.0% of families and 16.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over. Of

4740-477: The most parks and playgrounds per capita of any of the 100 largest U.S. cities, and is considered a bicycle-friendly community . Madison is also home to nine National Historic Landmarks , including several buildings designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright , such as the UNESCO World Heritage Site Jacobs I House . Residents of Madison are known as Madisonians . Madison has long been

4819-511: The near east side of Madison. Willy (Williamson) Street contains locally owned shops, restaurants, and entertainment establishments, as well as art galleries, and the Willy Street Co-op . The houses in the Marquette neighborhood fall into two separate historic districts, Third Lake Ridge Historic District and Marquette Bungalow Historic District. The area is also the location of festivals like

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4898-403: The new capital, offering buffalo robes to the freezing legislators and choice lots in Madison at discount prices to undecided voters. He had James Slaughter plat two cities in the area, Madison and "The City of Four Lakes", near present-day Middleton . Doty named his city Madison for James Madison , the fourth President of the U.S. who had died on June 28, 1836, and he named the streets for

4977-468: The north, east, and south sides were blue collar while the west side was white collar , and to a certain extent this remains true. Students dominate on the University of Wisconsin campus and to the east into downtown, while to its south and in Shorewood Hills on its west, faculty have been a major presence since those neighborhoods were originally developed. The turning point in Madison's development

5056-423: The other 38 signers of the U.S. Constitution . Although the city existed only on paper, the territorial legislature voted on November 28, 1836, in favor of Madison as its capital, largely because of its location halfway between the new and growing cities around Milwaukee in the east and the long-established strategic post of Prairie du Chien in the west, and between the highly populated lead mining regions in

5135-432: The population age 25 and over, 95.9% were high school graduates or higher and 58.5% had a bachelor's degree or higher. As of the census of 2010, there were 233,209 people, 102,516 households, and 47,824 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,037 inhabitants per square mile (1,172.6/km ). There were 108,843 housing units at an average density of 1,417 per square mile (547.1/km ). The racial makeup of

5214-530: The resemblance to the hind leg of a horse which by farriers is termed the gambrel ." Webster's Dictionary also confusingly used the term hip in the definition of this roof. The term is also used for a single mansard roof in France and Germany. In Dutch the term 'two-sided mansard roof' is used for gambrel roofs. The origin of the gambrel roof form in North America is unknown. The oldest known gambrel roof in America

5293-447: The sides of Park Street tend to have smaller houses or condos, and a higher density of houses. The Dudgeon-Monroe neighborhood neighbors downtown Madison. It is located around Monroe Street, a commercial area which has local shops, coffee houses, dining and galleries. It is home to a neighborhood jazz fest and Wingra Park, where people can rent paddle boats and canoes at the boathouse on Lake Wingra . The Marquette neighborhood sits on

5372-472: The southeast corner of Langdon and Henry Streets, and merchant J.T. Marston built a classical mansion on the southwest corner. In 1853 Daniel Gorham started a steam sawmill at the end of Lake Street. By 1855 thirteen other lesser houses were added. UW faculty and their wives began to join the businessmen in the district. The neighborhood was then called "Big Bug Hill." The upper-class neighborhood continued to fill in with single-family homes until about 1890. 1890

5451-418: The southwest and Wisconsin's oldest city, Green Bay , in the northeast. The cornerstone for the Wisconsin capitol was laid in 1837, and the legislature first met there in 1838. On October 9, 1839, Kintzing Prichett registered the plat of Madison at the registrar's office of the then-territorial Dane County . Madison was incorporated as a village in 1846, with a population of 626. When Wisconsin became

5530-573: The student community from the nearby Southeast Dorms to Langdon Street's fraternity row. Tear gas hung like heavy fog across the Isthmus." In the fracas, student activist Paul Soglin , then a city alderman , was arrested twice and taken to jail . Soglin was later elected mayor of Madison, serving several times. In early 2011, Madison was the site for large protests against a bill proposed by Governor Scott Walker that abolished almost all collective bargaining for public worker unions. The protests at

5609-425: The style are the plain light-colored stucco walls, the groups of arch-topped windows, and the iron grillwork. The Phi Gamma Delta fraternity house at 16 Langdon St was built in 1926, designed by Law, Law & Potter to look like an English cottage from Langdon Street. The style is Tudor Revival , with the outside clad in rough limestone blocks, stone tabs around casement windows, and a steeply pitched roof. Despite

5688-496: The west side of Madison, was built and used as a training camp, a military hospital, and a prison camp for captured Confederate soldiers. After the war ended, the Camp Randall site was absorbed into the University of Wisconsin and Camp Randall Stadium was built there in 1917. In 2004 the last vestige of active military training on the site was removed when the stadium renovation replaced a firing range used for ROTC training. In

5767-457: The year. The Park Street Area, located in the south of Madison, contains multiple official neighborhoods, including Burr Oaks and Greenbush. It has been described as the "racially and economically diverse area of Madison". This is especially the case between the Beltline and Wingra Creek. Park Street is home to ethnic restaurants and specialty grocery stores, as well as retail. Residential areas to

5846-407: Was 10 in 2008. Police reported 28 murders from 2010 to 2015, with the highest year being 7 murders in 2011. Madison's economy is marked by the sectors of government, education, information technology and healthcare , and is supplemented by agribusiness , food and precision manufacturing in the greater Madison region. Many businesses are attracted to Madison's skill base, taking advantage of

5925-542: Was based in Madison from 1979 to 2005, when it moved to a larger campus in the nearby Madison suburb of Verona . Other firms include Nordic, Forward Health , and Forte Research Systems. The Madison metropolitan area is home to the headquarters or manufacturing of three notable bicycle brands: Trek , Mongoose , and Pacific Cycle . The area is home to the luxury appliance companies Sub-Zero & Wolf Appliance and Spectrum Brands (formerly Rayovac ). Other advanced manufacturing and consumer goods companies headquartered in

6004-411: Was built in 1893 as a 2.5-story generally cube-shaped Queen Anne-style house, with brick walls and hip roof. John B. Winslow was an attorney and judge who was appointed to the state Supreme Court in 1891, shortly before he built this house, and became Chief Justice in 1907. The house is a good example of how buildings are sometimes updated to fit current styles. Its original Queen Anne look can be seen in

6083-534: Was designed by Frank Riley in Georgian Revival style and built in 1926. The red brick and symmetry are typical of the style. A colossal round portico shelters the front entrance. The Alpha Omicron Pi sorority building at 636 Langdon St was built in 1928, designed by Law, Law & Potter in French Provincial style, with the corner tower and half-timbering giving it the look of a chateau. Langdon Street

6162-582: Was replaced in 1863 and the second capitol burned in 1904. The current capitol was built between 1906 and 1917. During the Civil War , Madison served as a center of the Union Army in Wisconsin. The intersection of Milwaukee, East Washington, Winnebago, and North Streets is known as Union Corners because a tavern there was the last stop for Union soldiers before heading to fight the Confederates. Camp Randall , on

6241-462: Was the university's 1954 decision to develop its experimental farm on the western edge of town; since then, the city has grown substantially along suburban lines. The Hilldale area comprises the Hill Farms neighborhood, Sunset Village Neighborhood, and part of the suburb of Shorewood Hills . The area has long winding streets, and according to a planning document issued by the neighborhood association,

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