44-757: Lal Chowk ( lit. ' Red Square ' ) is a city square in Srinagar , in the Indian Occupied Jammu and Kashmir . The square was given its name by left-wing activists who were inspired by the Russian Revolution as they fought the princely state 's Maharaja , Hari Singh . It has traditionally served as a place for political meetings, with Jawaharlal Nehru (the first prime ministers of India ) and Sheikh Abdullah Jammu and Kashmir , respectively) as well as other prominent political leaders having addressed people from it. The clock tower at Lal Chowk
88-464: A plaza , public square or urban square ) is an open public space commonly found in the heart of a traditional town , and which is used for community gatherings. A square in a city may be called a city square . Related concepts are the civic center , the market square and the village green . Most squares are hardscapes suitable for open markets , concerts , political rallies, and other events that require firm ground. They are not necessarily
132-548: A "square" has a wider meaning. There are public squares of the type described above but the term is also used for formal open spaces surrounded by houses with private gardens at the centre, sometimes known as garden squares . Most of these were built in the 18th and 19th centuries. In some cases the gardens are now open to the public. See the Squares in London category. Additionally, many public squares were created in towns and cities across
176-476: A central public square, Victoria Square , and four public squares in the centre of each quarter of the city. North Adelaide has two public squares. The city was also designed to be surrounded by park lands , and all of these features still exist today, with the squares maintained as mostly green spaces. In Mainland China, People's Square is a common designation for the central town square of modern Chinese cities, established as part of urban modernization within
220-587: A crowd incited by separatist militants . The civilians and police officials interviewed by Human Rights Watch and other international organizations alleged that the Indian Border Security Force (BSF) set fire to the locality, apparently in retaliation to the burning of an abandoned BSF building by local residents. Over 125 Kashmiri civilians were killed in the incident. In 2011, the Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha (BJYM), youth wing of
264-670: A particle in a proper noun. Like the Italian piazza and the Portuguese praça , the plaza remains a center of community life that is only equaled by the market-place. A plaza de toros is a bullring . Shopping centers may incorporate 'plaza' into their names, and plaza comercial is used in some countries as a synonym for centro comercial i.e. "shopping center". In the United Kingdom, and especially in London and Edinburgh ,
308-472: A plaza can mean one of several things: Today's metropolitan landscapes often incorporate the plaza as a design element, or as an outcome of zoning regulations, building budgetary constraints, and the like. Sociologist William H. Whyte conducted an extensive study of plazas in New York City : his study humanized the way modern urban plazas are conceptualized, and helped usher in significant design changes in
352-400: A true geometric square . Being centrally located, town squares are usually surrounded by small shops such as bakeries, meat markets, cheese stores, and clothing stores. At their center is often a well , monument , statue or other feature. Those with fountains are sometimes called fountain squares . The term "town square" (especially via the term "public square") is synonymous with
396-701: Is Platz , which also means "Place", and is a common term for central squares in German-speaking countries. These have been focal points of public life in towns and cities from the Middle Ages to today. Squares located opposite a Palace or Castle ( German : Schloss ) are commonly named Schlossplatz . Prominent Plätze include the Alexanderplatz , Pariser Platz and Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, Heldenplatz in Vienna, and
440-460: Is a back formation, since krásnaja (the term for "red") also means "beautiful" in archaic and poetic Russian, with many cities and towns throughout the region having locations with the name "Red Square." Gwanghwamun Plaza ( Korean : 광화문광장) also known as Gwanghwamun Square) is a public open space on Sejongno , Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea. It against the background of A Gwanghwamun Gate(Korean: 광화문). In 2009, Restoration of Gwanghwamun Gate made
484-654: Is a cognate of Italian piazza and French place (which has also been borrowed into English). The term is used across Spanish-speaking territories in Spain and the Americas, as well as in the Philippines . In addition to smaller plazas, the Plaza Mayor (sometimes called in the Americas as Plaza de Armas , "armament square" where troops could be mustered) of each center of administration held three closely related institutions:
SECTION 10
#1732934202791528-464: Is a common term for an open area in the heart of the town . In a number of cities, the square has no individual name and is officially designated Central Square , for example Central Square (Tolyatti) . The most famous central square is the monumentally-proportioned Red Square which became a synecdoche for the Soviet Union during the 20th century; nevertheless, the association with "red communism"
572-500: Is considered one of the essential features in urban planning and they are often adjacent to bazaars, large mosques and other public buildings. Naqsh-e Jahan Square in Isfahan and Azadi Square in Tehran are examples of classic and modern squares. Several countries use the term "maidan" across Eastern Europe and Central Asia, including Ukraine, in which the term became well-known globally during
616-584: Is known in the Southwestern United States , is a common feature within the boundaries of the former provincial kingdom of Santa Fe de Nuevo México . They are a blend of Hispano and Pueblo design styles, several of which continue to be hubs for cities and towns in New Mexico , including Santa Fe Plaza , Old Town Albuquerque , Acoma Pueblo 's plaza, Taos Downtown Historic District , Mesilla Plaza , Mora , and Las Vegas Plaza . In U.S. English ,
660-606: The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), announced its plan to start a march called E ktha Yatra from Kolkata , West Bengal to Srinagar . The purpose of the march was to unite Indians on the Kashmir issue and challenge pro-Pakistan separatists by hoisting the flag of India atop the tower in Lal Chowk on 26 January 2011—India's Republic Day . This move was reportedly intended to serve as a response to Kashmiri insurgents . The march
704-709: The Euromaidan . A piazza ( Italian pronunciation: [ˈpjattsa] ) is a city square in Italy , Malta , along the Dalmatian coast and in surrounding regions. Possibly influenced by the centrality of the Forum (Roman) to ancient Mediterranean culture, the piazze of Italy are central to most towns and cities. Shops, businesses, metro stations, and bus stops are commonly found on piazzas, and in multiple locations also feature Roman Catholic Churches , such as in places known as
748-724: The Grand-Place in Brussels and the Grote Markt in Antwerp ). The Grote Markt or Grand-Place is often the location of the town hall , hence also the political centre of the town. The Dutch word for square is plein , which is another common name for squares in Dutch-speaking regions (for example Het Plein in The Hague ). In the 17th and 18th centuries, another type of square emerged,
792-690: The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 , Nehru stood in Lal Chowk and promised the Kashmiri people a chance to vote in a referendum whereby they would be able to choose their political future. The city square was also the location where Sheikh Abdullah , the first elected Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir , expressed his allegiance to Nehru and India in a Persian couplet, saying " Man Tu Shudam, Tu Man Shudi, Taqas Na Goyed, Man Degram Tu Degri (I became you and you became I; so none can say we are separate)". In 1990 separatists had dared anyone to try and raise
836-585: The Königsplatz in Munich. A large open square common in villages, towns and cities of Indonesia is known as alun-alun . It is a Javanese term which in modern-day Indonesia refers to the two large open squares of kraton compounds. It is typically located adjacent a mosque or a palace. It is a place for public spectacles, court celebrations and general non-court entertainments. In traditional Persian architecture, town squares are known as maydan or meydan. A maydan
880-823: The Parliament Building and the City Hall officially named John Mackintosh Square is referred to as The Piazza. In the Low Countries , squares are often called "markets" because of their usage as marketplaces . Most towns and cities in Belgium and the southern part of the Netherlands have in their historical centre a Grote Markt (literally "Big Market") in Dutch or Grand-Place (literally "Grand Square") in French (for example
924-650: The Piazza del Duomo , with the most famous perhaps being at Duomo di Milan , or government buildings, such as the Piazza del Quirinale adjacent from the Quirinal Palace of the Italian president. The Piazza San Marco in Venice and Piazza del Popolo in Rome are among the world's best known. The Italian piazzas historically played a major role in the political developments of Italy in both
SECTION 20
#1732934202791968-449: The cathedral , the cantabile or administrative center, which might be incorporated in a wing of a governor's palace , and the audiencia or law court. The plaza might be large enough to serve as a military parade ground. At times of crisis or fiestas , it serves as the gathering space for large crowds. Diminutives of plaza include plazuela and the latter's double diminutive plazoleta , which can be occasionally used as
1012-838: The Italian Medieval Era and the Italian Renaissance. For example, the Piazza della Signoria in Florence remains synonymous with the return of the Medici from their exile in 1530 as well as the burning at the stake of Savonarola during the Italian Inquisition . The Italian term is roughly equivalent to the Spanish plaza , the French term place, the Portuguese praça, and the German Platz. Not to be confused, other countries use
1056-909: The UK as part of urban redevelopment following the Blitz . Squares can also be quite small and resemble courtyards, especially in the City of London . In some cities, especially in New England , the term "square" (as its Spanish equivalent, plaza ) is applied to a commercial area (like Central Square in Cambridge, Massachusetts ), usually formed around the intersection of three or more streets, and which originally consisted of some open area (many of which have been filled in with traffic islands and other traffic calming features). Many of these intersections are irregular rather than square. The placita (Spanish for "little plaza"), as it
1100-602: The attackers also damaged a CCTV camera. Kejriwal's party, the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP), stated that he was not in the house at the time of the attack, but members of his family were present. Saurabh Bhardwaj , an AAP member of the Delhi Legislative Assembly , filed a petition in the Delhi High Court seeking the formation of a special investigation team to carry out a "fair and time-bound investigation" into
1144-484: The end of formalities on Republic Day. Indian security forces were instructed to heavily cordon Lal Chowk on Republic Day. However, some BJP activists reached Srinagar and hoisted the Indian flag near the city square, although they failed to reach their intended destination on top of the clock tower. Sushma Swaraj, upon her arrest by security forces, said: "Why are we being arrested? We were marching peacefully. Those who burn
1188-496: The flag of India at Lal Chowk. The National Security Guards took up the challenge and raised the flag. The clock tower gained political significance in 1992, when the then Bharatiya Janata Party president, Murli Manohar Joshi , hoisted the Indian flag on top of the tower on Republic Day . Joshi hoisted the flag in the company of Indian troops . Since then, the Indian Border Security Force and Central Reserve Police Force undertook
1232-494: The gate's front space as a public plaza. The square has been renovated to modern style has new waterways & rest Areas, exhibition Hall for Excavated Cultural Assets in 2022 Aug. The Spanish-language term for a public square is plaza ( [ˈplasa] or [ˈplaθa] depending on the dialectal variety). It comes from Latin platea , with the meaning of 'broad street' or 'public square'. Ultimately coming from Greek πλατεῖα (ὁδός) plateia (hodos) , it
1276-489: The hoisting ceremony until 2009, when they announced that continuing the ritual was unnecessary because the tower "had no political significance". Following this, official ceremonies were held at the nearby Bakshi Stadium in Wazir Bagh Srinagar on Republic Day and Independence Day . In 1993, there was an arson attack on the main commercial centre of downtown Srinagar. The fire was alleged to have been started by
1320-581: The incident a conspiracy to murder Kejriwal. Tejasvi Surya , the national president of Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha (BJYM; the youth wing of the BJP) and a member of the Lok Sabha , had led a protest against Arvind Kejriwal with around 200 BJYM members. Several protesters were seen in CCTV footage breaking barriers in front of Kejriwal's residence and daubing red paint on the main gate. According to Delhi Police officials,
1364-528: The incident. The petition asserted that the attack and vandalization appeared to have been carried out with the "tacit complicity" of Delhi police, and asked the court to issue directions to the Delhi Police and the Union Ministry of Home Affairs for ensuring the security of the chief minister and his residence. The court noted that the security was inadequate to control the crowd, and sought a status report of
Lal Chowk - Misplaced Pages Continue
1408-643: The last few decades. These squares are the site of government buildings, museums and other public buildings. One such square, Tiananmen Square , is a famous site in Chinese history due to it being the site of the May Fourth Movement , the Proclamation of the People's Republic of China , the 1976 Tiananmen Incident , the 1989 Tiananmen Square Protests , and all Chinese National Day Parades . The German word for square
1452-512: The majority of BJYM members failed to reach the Kashmir Valley , top BJP leaders, namely Sushma Swaraj and Arun Jaitley , continued to lead the march until they were stopped while attempting to enter Jammu & Kashmir from Punjab via a bridge crossing the Ravi River on 25 January 2011. All BJP members in the rally were subsequently arrested and kept in custody in the city of Jammu until
1496-451: The making of plazas. They can be used to open spaces for low-income neighborhoods, and can also the overall aesthetic of the surrounding area boosting economic vitality, pedestrian mobility and safety for pedestrians. Most plazas are created out of a collaboration between local non-profit applicants and city officials which requires approval from the city. Throughout North America, words like place , square , or plaza frequently appear in
1540-486: The names of commercial developments such as shopping centers and hotels. Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha The Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha ( BJYM ) ( translation : Indian People's Youth Front) is the youth wing of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), one of the two major political parties in India, and formerly the youth wing of the dissolved Janata Party (1978-1980). It was founded in 1978, and its first national president
1584-732: The national flag are being provided security while those holding the national flag are being stopped." Arun Jaitley said: "For the first time after independence, hoisting national tricolour has become illegal in our country." 29 January 2023 On this day, Rahul Gandhi unfurled national tricolour in Lal Chowk as the party's mass outreach program " Bharat Jodo Yatra " was one day left to end in Srinagar. The Bharat Jodo Yatra Completed of "30 January 2023" after unfurled National Tricolour by Rahul Gandhi in Sher-E-Kashmir Stadium ,Srinagar. Town square A town square (also
1628-470: The past. The National Body of BJYM consists of Tejasvi Surya, the BJYM President, Vice Presidents, General Secretaries, Secretaries, Social Media & IT incharges and National Executives Members. On 30 March 2022, the official residence of Arvind Kejriwal , Chief Minister of Delhi , was allegedly attacked by members of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Deputy chief minister Manish Sisodia called
1672-660: The phrase to refer to an unrelated feature of architectural or urban design, such as the "piazza" at King's Cross station in London or piazza as used by some in the United States, to refer to a verandah or front porch of a house or apartment, such as at George Washington's historic home Mount Vernon . Several countries, especially around the Mediterranean Sea, feature Italian-style town squares. In Gibraltar, one such town square just off Gibraltar 's Main Street , between
1716-467: The politics of many cultures, and the names of a certain town squares, such as the Euromaidan or Red Square , have become symbolic of specific political events throughout history. The city centre of Adelaide and the adjacent suburb of North Adelaide , in South Australia, were planned by Colonel William Light in 1837. The city streets were laid out in a grid plan , with the city centre including
1760-773: The so-called royal square (French: Place royale , Dutch: Koningsplein ). Such squares did not serve as a marketplace but were built in front of large palaces or public buildings to emphasise their grandeur, as well as to accommodate military parades and ceremonies, among others (for example the Place Royale in Brussels and the Koningsplein in Amsterdam ). Palace squares are usually more symmetrical than their older market counterparts. In Russia, central square ( Russian : центра́льная пло́щадь , romanised : tsentráĺnaya plóshchad́ )
1804-514: Was Kalraj Mishra . It is the second largest political youth organization in the world after Congress's youth organisation. Tejasvi Surya is the current president of BJYM since 2020 and the youngest Presidentin the history of National of BJYM. Prominent leaders such as Kalraj Mishra , Pramod Mahajan , Rajnath Singh , G. Kishan Reddy , Jagat Prakash Nadda , Uma Bharti , Shivraj Singh Chouhan , Dharmendra Pradhan , Anurag Thakur and Poonam Mahajan have served as national presidents of BJYM in
Lal Chowk - Misplaced Pages Continue
1848-580: Was built in 1980. The Lal Chowk precinct stretches on both the sides of the Residency Road between the Amira Kadal bridge and the Tyndale Biscoe School . It has evolved into Srinagar's main business district from early twentieth century. The Lal Chowk itself was a traffic roundabout towards its eastern end. It houses a clock tower ( ganta ghar ) constructed by Bajaj Electricals in 1980. It
1892-627: Was opposed by the Indian National Congress and the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference , who were fearful that it might fuel further unrest in Muslim-majority Kashmir. Following the announcement by the BJYM, the central government took various countermeasures to stop the planned march. Trains carrying BJYM members to Srinagar were stopped and sent back to their locations of departure. While
1936-411: Was renovated many times with minor changes. Recently in 2024 it was completely reconstructed under Srinagar Smart City Project and walkway and area for sitting was added to its surroundings. Lal Chowk was the location where Jawaharlal Nehru , the first Prime Minister of India , unfurled the Indian national flag in 1948, shortly after the country gained independence from the British Empire . Following
#790209