130-636: Lake Piru ( / ˈ p aɪ r uː / ) is a reservoir located in Los Padres National Forest and Topatopa Mountains of Ventura County, California , created by the construction in 1955 (69 years ago) ( 1955 ) of the Santa Felicia Dam on Piru Creek , which is a tributary of the Santa Clara River . The reservoir is widely known for celebrity incidents: in 1999, actor Harrison Ford crashed his helicopter by
260-586: A Piper PA-22 Tri-Pacer , but at $ 15 an hour (equivalent to $ 151 in 2023), he could not afford to continue the training. In the mid-1990s, he bought a used Gulfstream II and asked one of his pilots, Terry Bender, to give him flying lessons. They started flying a Cessna 182 out of Jackson, Wyoming, later switching to Teterboro Airport in Teterboro, New Jersey , flying a Cessna 206 , the aircraft in which he made his first solo flight . Ford's aircraft are kept at Santa Monica Airport . The Bell 407 helicopter
390-445: A dam , usually built to store fresh water , often doubling for hydroelectric power generation . Reservoirs are created by controlling a watercourse that drains an existing body of water, interrupting a watercourse to form an embayment within it, excavating, or building any number of retaining walls or levees to enclose any area to store water. The term is also used technically to refer to certain forms of liquid storage, such
520-680: A gastropub located at Terminal 5 in Los Angeles International Airport . The younger son is owner of the Ludwig Clothing company and previously owned Strong Sports Gym and the Kim Sing Theater. Ford's second marriage was to screenwriter Melissa Mathison from March 1983 until their separation in 2000; they divorced in 2004. They had a son, born in 1987, and a daughter, born in 1990. Mathison died in 2015. Ford began dating actress Calista Flockhart after they met at
650-546: A 2023 interview with The Hollywood Reporter , it was revealed that he accepted the roles in both 1923 and Shrinking despite there not being a script at the time. Ford reprised the role of Indiana Jones in Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny (2023), which he stated was his last appearance as the character. The film received generally positive reviews, with many critics highlighting Ford's performance. In October 2022, Ford
780-587: A Golden Globe for his work. Before that, Ford had passed on a role in another Stephen Gaghan -written film, that of Robert Wakefield in Traffic , which went to Michael Douglas . In 2008, Ford enjoyed success with the release of Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull , the first Indiana Jones film in 19 years and another collaboration with Lucas and Spielberg. The film received generally positive reviews and
910-537: A block for migrating fish, trapping them in one area, producing food and a habitat for various water-birds. They can also flood various ecosystems on land and may cause extinctions. Creating reservoirs can alter the natural biogeochemical cycle of mercury . After a reservoir's initial formation, there is a large increase in the production of toxic methylmercury (MeHg) via microbial methylation in flooded soils and peat. MeHg levels have also been found to increase in zooplankton and in fish. Dams can severely reduce
1040-457: A bottom," but Lucas refused. Ford's status as a leading actor was solidified with Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), an action-adventure collaboration between Lucas and Steven Spielberg that gave Ford his second franchise role as the heroic, globe-trotting archaeologist Indiana Jones . Like Star Wars , the film was massively successful; it became the highest-grossing film of the year. Spielberg
1170-541: A broken pelvis and broken ankle during the accident, as well as other injuries. On February 13, 2017, Ford landed an Aviat Husky at John Wayne Airport in Orange County, California , on the taxiway left of runway 20L. A Boeing 737 was holding short of the runway on the taxiway when Ford overflew them. On April 24, 2020, at the Los Angeles Hawthorne Airport while piloting his Husky, Ford crossed
1300-636: A conventional oil-fired thermal generation plant. For instance, In 1990, the impoundment behind the Balbina Dam in Brazil (inaugurated in 1987) had over 20 times the impact on global warming than would generating the same power from fossil fuels, due to the large area flooded per unit of electricity generated. Another study published in the Global Biogeochemical Cycles also found that newly flooded reservoirs released more carbon dioxide and methane than
1430-539: A disc in his back. The 40-year-old actor was forced to fly back to Los Angeles for surgery and returned six weeks later. Following his leading-man success as Indiana Jones, Ford played Rick Deckard in Ridley Scott 's dystopian science-fiction film Blade Runner (1982). Compared to his experiences on the Star Wars and Indiana Jones films, Ford had a difficult time with the production. He recalled to Vanity Fair , "It
SECTION 10
#17328474954151560-637: A dog named Rooster in The Secret Life of Pets 2 . With filming of a fifth Indiana Jones film delayed by a year, Ford headlined a big-budget adaptation of Jack London 's The Call of the Wild , playing prospector John Thornton. The film was released in February 2020 to a mixed critical reception and its theatrical release was shortened due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the film industry . In 2022, Ford
1690-529: A drop of water seep into the ocean without benefiting mankind." He created the reservoir named Parakrama Samudra ("sea of King Parakrama"). Vast artificial reservoirs were also built by various ancient kingdoms in Bengal, Assam, and Cambodia. Many dammed river reservoirs and most bank-side reservoirs are used to provide the raw water feed to a water treatment plant which delivers drinking water through water mains. The reservoir does not merely hold water until it
1820-443: A film and made critical statements against Trump's presidential bid . For his first time ever endorsing a political candidate for office, Ford endorsed Joe Biden 's 2020 presidential campaign against Trump. He said that he wanted to "encourage people to support candidates that will support the environment" and felt that under Trump, the U.S. had "lost some of our credibility in the world". Along with Mark Hamill , Ford worked with
1950-455: A high-level reservoir is filled with water using high-performance electric pumps at times when electricity demand is low, and then uses this stored water to generate electricity by releasing the stored water into a low-level reservoir when electricity demand is high. Such systems are called pump-storage schemes. Reservoirs can be used in a number of ways to control how water flows through downstream waterways: Reservoirs can be used to balance
2080-570: A loss in both quantity and quality of water necessary for maintaining ecological balance and pose a risk of increasing severity and duration of droughts due to climate change. In summary, they consider it a misadaptation to climate change. Proponents of reservoirs or substitution reserves, on the other hand, see them as a solution for sustainable agriculture while waiting for a truly durable agricultural model. Without such reserves, they fear that unsustainable imported irrigation will be inevitable. They believe that these reservoirs should be accompanied by
2210-419: A narrow valley or canyon may cover relatively little vegetation, while one situated on a plain may flood a great deal of vegetation. The site may be cleared of vegetation first or simply flooded. Tropical flooding can produce far more greenhouse gases than in temperate regions. The following table indicates reservoir emissions in milligrams per square meter per day for different bodies of water. Depending upon
2340-406: A number of fatalities related to drowning have occurred at Lake Piru: On October 23, 1999, actor Harrison Ford was on a training flight in his helicopter when he crashed in a dry riverbed by the lake; both Ford and his instructor were unharmed. Parts of the pilot episode of television series Supernatural were filmed at the lake, with the episode focusing on the main characters seeking out
2470-592: A reservoir is called the "conservation pool". In the United Kingdom, "top water level" describes the reservoir full state, while "fully drawn down" describes the minimum retained volume. There is a wide variety of software for modelling reservoirs, from the specialist Dam Safety Program Management Tools (DSPMT) to the relatively simple WAFLEX , to integrated models like the Water Evaluation And Planning system (WEAP) that place reservoir operations in
2600-450: A river of variable quality or size, bank-side reservoirs may be built to store the water. Such reservoirs are usually formed partly by excavation and partly by building a complete encircling bund or embankment , which may exceed 6 km (4 miles) in circumference. Both the floor of the reservoir and the bund must have an impermeable lining or core: initially these were often made of puddled clay , but this has generally been superseded by
2730-720: A river valley, with the potential to wash away towns and villages and cause considerable loss of life, such as the devastation following the failure of containment at Llyn Eigiau which killed 17 people. (see also List of dam failures ) A notable case of reservoirs being used as an instrument of war involved the British Royal Air Force Dambusters raid on Germany in World War II (codenamed " Operation Chastise " ), in which three German reservoir dams were selected to be breached in order to damage German infrastructure and manufacturing and power capabilities deriving from
SECTION 20
#17328474954152860-533: A runway where another aircraft was landing. According to the FAA, the two planes were about 3,600 feet from each other and there was no danger of a crash. A representative of Ford later said that he "misheard" an instruction given to him by air traffic control. Ford is vice-chair of Conservation International , an American nonprofit environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia . The organization's intent
2990-574: A territorial project that unites all water stakeholders with the goal of preserving and enhancing natural environments. Two main types of reservoirs can be distinguished based on their mode of supply. Circa 3000 BC, the craters of extinct volcanoes in Arabia were used as reservoirs by farmers for their irrigation water. Dry climate and water scarcity in India led to early development of stepwells and other water resource management techniques, including
3120-538: A three-month affair in 1976 during the filming of Star Wars . Ford is a licensed pilot of both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters. On several occasions, he has personally provided emergency helicopter services at the request of local authorities in Wyoming , in one instance rescuing a hiker overcome by dehydration. Ford began flight training in the 1960s at Wild Rose Idlewild Airport in Wild Rose, Wisconsin , flying in
3250-575: Is a multi-service district providing flood control, recreation services, surface, and groundwater conservation, groundwater replenishment , and wholesale water for agriculture and urban uses to the Santa Clara River Valley and Oxnard Plain . Formed on December 5, 1950, under the Water Conservation Act of 1931, it owns approximately 2,200-acre around and including the lake and dam (890 ha). The Lake Piru Recreation Area, along
3380-471: Is a natural lake whose level was raised by a low dam and into which the River Dee flows or discharges depending upon flow conditions, as part of the River Dee regulation system . This mode of operation is a form of hydraulic capacitance in the river system. Many reservoirs often allow some recreational uses, such as fishing and boating . Special rules may apply for the safety of the public and to protect
3510-480: Is a water reservoir for agricultural use. They are filled using pumped groundwater , pumped river water or water runoff and are typically used during the local dry season. This type of infrastructure has sparked an opposition movement in France, with numerous disputes and, for some projects, protests, especially in the former Poitou-Charentes region where violent demonstrations took place in 2022 and 2023. In Spain, there
3640-655: Is fraught with substantial land submergence, coastal reservoirs are preferred economically and technically since they do not use scarce land area. Many coastal reservoirs were constructed in Asia and Europe. Saemanguem in South Korea, Marina Barrage in Singapore, Qingcaosha in China, and Plover Cove in Hong Kong are a few such coastal reservoirs. Where water is pumped or siphoned from
3770-501: Is greater acceptance because all beneficiary users are involved in the implementation of the system. The specific debate about substitution reservoirs is part of a broader discussion related to reservoirs used for agricultural irrigation, regardless of their type, and a certain model of intensive agriculture. Opponents view these reservoirs as a monopolization of resources benefiting only a few, representing an outdated model of productive agriculture. They argue that these reservoirs lead to
3900-466: Is needed: it can also be the first part of the water treatment process. The time the water is held before it is released is known as the retention time . This is a design feature that allows particles and silts to settle out, as well as time for natural biological treatment using algae , bacteria and zooplankton that naturally live in the water. However natural limnological processes in temperate climate lakes produce temperature stratification in
4030-528: Is now used by the Aquarius Golf Club. Service reservoirs perform several functions, including ensuring sufficient head of water in the water distribution system and providing water capacity to even-out peak demand from consumers, enabling the treatment plant to run at optimum efficiency. Large service reservoirs can also be managed to reduce the cost of pumping by refilling the reservoir at times of day when energy costs are low. An irrigation reservoir
Lake Piru - Misplaced Pages Continue
4160-700: Is often kept and flown in Jackson and has been used by Ford in two mountain rescues during his assigned duty time with Teton County Search and Rescue. During one of the rescues, Ford recovered a hiker who had become lost and disoriented. She boarded his helicopter and promptly vomited into one of the rescuers' caps, unaware of who the pilot was until much later; "I can't believe I barfed in Harrison Ford's helicopter!" she said later. Ford flies his de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver (N28S) more than any of his other aircraft, and has repeatedly said that he likes this aircraft and
4290-520: Is poorly suited to forming a single large reservoir, a number of smaller reservoirs may be constructed in a chain, as in the River Taff valley where the Llwyn-on , Cantref and Beacons Reservoirs form a chain up the valley. Coastal reservoirs are fresh water storage reservoirs located on the sea coast near a river mouth to store the flood water of a river. As the land-based reservoir construction
4420-419: Is stored in the reservoir. Any excess water can be spilled via a specifically designed spillway. Stored water may be piped by gravity for use as drinking water , to generate hydro-electricity or to maintain river flows to support downstream uses. Occasionally reservoirs can be managed to retain water during high rainfall events to prevent or reduce downstream flooding. Some reservoirs support several uses, and
4550-466: Is the portion of the reservoir that can be used for flood control, power production, navigation , and downstream releases. In addition, a reservoir's "flood control capacity" is the amount of water it can regulate during flooding. The "surcharge capacity" is the capacity of the reservoir above the spillway crest that cannot be regulated. In the United States, the water below the normal maximum level of
4680-426: Is to protect nature . Since 1992, Ford has lent his voice to a series of public service messages promoting environmental involvement for EarthShare, an American federation of environmental and conservation charities. He has acted as a spokesperson for Restore Hetch Hetchy , a non-profit organization dedicated to restoring Yosemite National Park 's Hetch Hetchy Valley to its original condition. Ford also appears in
4810-524: The 2002 Golden Globe Awards . He proposed to Flockhart over Valentine's Day weekend in 2009. They married on June 15, 2010, in Santa Fe, New Mexico , where Ford was filming Cowboys & Aliens . They are the parents of a son, born in 2001, whom Flockhart had adopted before meeting Ford. Ford and Flockhart live on an 800-acre (320-hectare; 3.2-square-kilometre) ranch in Jackson, Wyoming , where he has lived since
4940-526: The Dalai Lama , Dalai Lama Renaissance . Ford filmed the medical drama Extraordinary Measures in 2009 in Portland, Oregon . Released on January 22, 2010, the film also starred Brendan Fraser and Alan Ruck . Also in 2010, he co-starred in the film Morning Glory , along with Rachel McAdams , Diane Keaton and Patrick Wilson . Although the film was a disappointment at the box office, Ford's performance
5070-649: The Holser Fire blocking Piru Canyon Road. Quagga mussels became established in Lake Piru and then downstream in the Lower Piru Creek in 2013. While this was the first discovery in Ventura County, they are an invasive species found in various rivers and lakes in the U.S. As of 2014, the district was exploring options using a technical panel consisting of state Fish and Wildlife staff as well as representatives from
5200-525: The National Marine Fisheries Service and other federal, state, and local agencies. The district has to develop plans to deal with further colonization. The Casitas Municipal Water District that manages nearby Lake Casitas suggested that the reservoir be drained. Poisoning it with a potassium solution was also considered. Due to harsh conditions such as debris , low visibility , different currents, strong winds, and cold water temperatures,
5330-579: The Paramount+ western series 1923 (2022–present) and the Apple TV+ comedy series Shrinking (2023–present). Outside of acting, Ford is a licensed pilot; he has often assisted the emergency services in rescue missions near his home in Wyoming , and he chaired an aviation education program for youth from 2004 to 2009. Ford is also an environmental activist, having served as the inaugural vice chair of Conservation International since 1991. Harrison Ford
Lake Piru - Misplaced Pages Continue
5460-448: The Ruhr and Eder rivers. The economic and social impact was derived from the enormous volumes of previously stored water that swept down the valleys, wreaking destruction. This raid later became the basis for several films. All reservoirs will have a monetary cost/benefit assessment made before construction to see if the project is worth proceeding with. However, such analysis can often omit
5590-605: The U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee in support of the Dalai Lama and an independent Tibet . In 2007, he narrated the documentary Dalai Lama Renaissance . In 2000, Ford donated $ 1000 to the presidential campaigns of Bill Bradley , Al Gore , and John McCain . In 2003, he publicly condemned the Iraq War and called for "regime change" in the United States. He also criticized Hollywood for making movies which were "more akin to video games than stories about human life and relationships", and he called for more gun control in
5720-478: The "coolant reservoir" that captures overflow of coolant in an automobile's cooling system. Dammed reservoirs are artificial lakes created and controlled by a dam constructed across a valley and rely on the natural topography to provide most of the basin of the reservoir. These reservoirs can either be on-stream reservoirs , which are located on the original streambed of the downstream river and are filled by creeks , rivers or rainwater that runs off
5850-646: The 1800s, most of which are lined with brick. A good example is the Honor Oak Reservoir in London, constructed between 1901 and 1909. When it was completed it was said to be the largest brick built underground reservoir in the world and it is still one of the largest in Europe. This reservoir now forms part of the southern extension of the Thames Water Ring Main . The top of the reservoir has been grassed over and
5980-595: The 1980s and 1990s. His films have grossed more than $ 5.4 billion in North America and more than $ 9.3 billion worldwide. Ford is the recipient of various accolades , including the AFI Life Achievement Award , the Cecil B. DeMille Award , an Honorary César , and an Honorary Palme d'Or , in addition to an Academy Award nomination. Ford made his screen acting debut in an uncredited appearance in
6110-530: The 1980s and approximately half of which he has donated as a nature reserve. They retain a base in the Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles. Ford is one of Hollywood's most private actors, guarding much of his personal life. Ford commented on his parenting choices in 2023: "I can tell you this: If I’d been less successful, I’d probably be a better parent." In her 2016 autobiography The Princess Diarist , his co-star Carrie Fisher wrote that she and Ford had
6240-546: The Governing Board of the Archaeological Institute of America (AIA), North America's oldest and largest organization devoted to the world of archaeology. Ford assists them in their mission of increasing public awareness of archaeology and preventing looting and the illegal antiquities trade . Throughout his career, Ford has received significant recognition for his work in the entertainment industry. In 1986, he
6370-547: The Lake Piru Recreation Area was closed for several months for various reasons. Besides one week at the start of July, it was closed to the public for almost five months between April and August. It was initially closed before April 4 because of the COVID-19 pandemic , reopening on July 1. It then re-closed a week later following the disappearance of Naya Rivera, and stayed closed until August 20 because of this and, later,
6500-710: The Meroitic town of Butana . The Hafirs catch the water during rainy seasons in order to ensure water is available for several months during dry seasons to supply drinking water, irrigate fields and water cattle. The Great Reservoir near the Lion Temple in Musawwarat es-Sufra is a notable hafir in Kush. In Sri Lanka , large reservoirs were created by ancient Sinhalese kings in order to store water for irrigation. The famous Sri Lankan king Parākramabāhu I of Sri Lanka said "Do not let
6630-725: The Minister of Forestry was given no prior warning of questions nor the chance to explain the challenges of catching illegal loggers . Ford was provided an audience with the Indonesian President, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono , during which he expressed concerns regarding Indonesia's environmental degradation and the government efforts to address climate change . In response, the President explained Indonesia's commitment to preserving its oceans and forests. In 2019, on behalf of Conservation International, Ford gave an impassioned speech during
SECTION 50
#17328474954156760-772: The Rockies (2009), Flying the Feathered Edge: The Bob Hoover Project (2014), and Living in the Age of Airplanes (2015). Ford is an honorary board member of the humanitarian aviation organization Wings of Hope , and is known for having made several trips to Washington, D.C., to fight for pilots' rights. He has also donated substantial funds to aerobatic champion Sean Tucker 's charitable program, The Bob Hoover Academy (named after legendary aviator Bob Hoover ), which educates at-risk teens in central California and teaches them how to fly. On August 22, 1987, Ford
6890-475: The Russian Empire. When asked in which religion he and his brother were raised, Ford jokingly responded " Democrat " and more seriously stated that they were raised to be "liberals of every stripe". When asked about what influence his Jewish and Irish Catholic ancestry may have had on him, he quipped, "As a man I've always felt Irish, as an actor I've always felt Jewish." Ford was a Boy Scout , achieving
7020-485: The US. The capacity, volume, or storage of a reservoir is usually divided into distinguishable areas. Dead or inactive storage refers to water in a reservoir that cannot be drained by gravity through a dam's outlet works , spillway, or power plant intake and can only be pumped out. Dead storage allows sediments to settle, which improves water quality and also creates an area for fish during low levels. Active or live storage
7150-613: The United Nations' Climate Action Summit in New York on the destruction of the Amazon rainforest and its effect on climate change for the rest of the world. Ford urged his audience to listen to 'angry young people' trying to make a difference in the situation, emphasizing, "The most important thing we can do for them is to get the hell out of their way." Like his parents, Ford is a lifelong Democrat . On September 7, 1995, Ford testified before
7280-431: The United States and $ 291 million worldwide. Ford served as an executive producer on K-19: The Widowmaker and Extraordinary Measures , both of which were based on true events. In 2004, Ford declined a chance to star in the thriller Syriana , later commenting that "I didn't feel strongly enough about the truth of the material and I think I made a mistake." The role went to George Clooney , who won an Oscar and
7410-460: The United States. In 2009, Ford signed a petition calling for the release of film director Roman Polanski , who had been arrested in Switzerland in relation to his 1977 charge for drugging and raping a 13-year-old girl . After Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump said his favorite role of Ford's was Air Force One because he "stood up for America", Ford responded that it was just
7540-516: The amount of water reaching countries downstream of them, causing water stress between the countries, e.g. the Sudan and Egypt , which damages farming businesses in the downstream countries, and reduces drinking water. Harrison Ford Harrison Ford (born July 13, 1942) is an American actor. Regarded as a cinematic cultural icon , he has been a leading man in films of several genres and starred in many major box-office successes, particularly in
7670-417: The anti-Trump Republican group The Lincoln Project to produce and narrate a 2020 election ad attacking Trump's disparaging of Anthony Fauci . On November 2, 2024, he endorsed Kamala Harris 's 2024 presidential campaign . Following on his success portraying the archaeologist Indiana Jones , Ford also plays a part in supporting the work of professional archaeologists . He serves as a General Trustee on
7800-474: The area flooded versus power produced, a reservoir built for hydro- electricity generation can either reduce or increase the net production of greenhouse gases when compared to other sources of power. A study for the National Institute for Research in the Amazon found that hydroelectric reservoirs release a large pulse of carbon dioxide from decay of trees left standing in the reservoirs, especially during
7930-428: The base of the dam or some distance away. In a flat river valley a reservoir needs to be deep enough to create a head of water at the turbines; and if there are periods of drought the reservoir needs to hold enough water to average out the river's flow throughout the year(s). Run-of-the-river hydro in a steep valley with constant flow needs no reservoir. Some reservoirs generating hydroelectricity use pumped recharge:
SECTION 60
#17328474954158060-514: The buddy-comedy western The Frisco Kid (1979), playing a bank robber with a heart of gold. Ford returned to star in the successful Star Wars sequels The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return of the Jedi (1983), as well as the Star Wars Holiday Special (1978). Ford wanted Lucas to kill off Han Solo at the end of Return of the Jedi , saying, "That would have given the whole film
8190-460: The build, often through a temporary tunnel or by-pass channel. In hilly regions, reservoirs are often constructed by enlarging existing lakes. Sometimes in such reservoirs, the new top water level exceeds the watershed height on one or more of the feeder streams such as at Llyn Clywedog in Mid Wales . In such cases additional side dams are required to contain the reservoir. Where the topography
8320-547: The building of a reservoir at Girnar in 3000 BC. Artificial lakes dating to the 5th century BC have been found in ancient Greece. The artificial Bhojsagar lake in present-day Madhya Pradesh state of India, constructed in the 11th century, covered 650 square kilometres (250 sq mi). The Kingdom of Kush invented the Hafir , a type of reservoir, during the Meroitic period . 800 ancient and modern hafirs have been registered in
8450-442: The context of system-wide demands and supplies. In many countries large reservoirs are closely regulated to try to prevent or minimize failures of containment. While much of the effort is directed at the dam and its associated structures as the weakest part of the overall structure, the aim of such controls is to prevent an uncontrolled release of water from the reservoir. Reservoir failures can generate huge increases in flow down
8580-463: The crash of a Bell 206L4 LongRanger helicopter. The NTSB accident report states that Ford was piloting the aircraft over the Lake Piru riverbed near Santa Clarita, California , on a routine training flight. While making his second attempt at an autorotation with powered recovery, the aircraft was unable to recover power after the sudden drop in altitude. It landed hard and began skidding forward in
8710-536: The crew needing to shoot Ford from the waist up for a short time until he recovered. Ford made his return to filming in mid-August, after a two-month layoff as he recovered from his injury. Ford's character was killed off in The Force Awakens , but it was subsequently announced, via a casting call, that Ford would return in some capacity as Solo in Episode VIII . In February 2016, when the cast for Episode VIII
8840-522: The decade, such as The Fugitive (1993), The Devil's Own (1997), and Air Force One (1997). For his performance in The Fugitive , which co-starred Tommy Lee Jones , Ford received some of the best reviews of his career, including from Roger Ebert , who concluded that, "Ford is once again the great modern movie everyman. As an actor, nothing he does seems merely for show, and in the face of this melodramatic material he deliberately plays down, lays low, gets on with business instead of trying to exploit
8970-460: The developed world Naturally occurring lakes receive organic sediments which decay in an anaerobic environment releasing methane and carbon dioxide . The methane released is approximately 8 times more potent as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. As a human-made reservoir fills, existing plants are submerged and during the years it takes for this matter to decay, will give off considerably more greenhouse gases than lakes do. A reservoir in
9100-485: The documentary series Years of Living Dangerously , which reports on people affected by and seeking solutions to climate change. In 1993, the arachnologist Norman Platnick named a new species of spider Calponia harrisonfordi , and in 2002 the entomologist Edward O. Wilson named a new ant species Pheidole harrisonfordi (in recognition of Harrison's work as Vice Chairman of Conservation International ). The Peruvian snake species Tachymenoides harrisonfordi
9230-507: The downstream river to maintain river quality, support fisheries, to maintain downstream industrial and recreational uses or for a range of other purposes. Such releases are known as compensation water . The units used for measuring reservoir areas and volumes vary from country to country. In most of the world, reservoir areas are expressed in square kilometers; in the United States, acres are commonly used. For volume, either cubic meters or cubic kilometers are widely used, with acre-feet used in
9360-590: The drama in meaningless acting flourishes." Ford played more straight dramatic roles in Presumed Innocent (1990) and Regarding Henry (1991), and another romantic lead role in Sabrina (1995), a remake of the classic 1954 film of the same name. Ford established working relationships with many well-regarded directors during this time, including Weir, Alan J. Pakula , Mike Nichols , Phillip Noyce , and Sydney Pollack , collaborating twice with each of them. This
9490-440: The environmental impacts of dams and the reservoirs that they contain. Some impacts, such as the greenhouse gas production associated with concrete manufacture, are relatively easy to estimate. Other impacts on the natural environment and social and cultural effects can be more difficult to assess and to weigh in the balance but identification and quantification of these issues is now commonly required in major construction projects in
9620-531: The film 42 was praised by many critics and garnered Ford a nomination as best supporting actor for the Satellite Awards . In 2014, he appeared in The Expendables 3 , and the following year, co-starred with Blake Lively in the romantic drama The Age of Adaline to positive reviews. Ford reprised the role of Han Solo in the long-awaited Star Wars sequel Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), which
9750-465: The film Dead Heat on a Merry-Go-Round (1966) and went on to play bit parts in both films and television throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s. After breakthrough supporting roles in American Graffiti (1973) and The Conversation (1974), he gained worldwide fame for his starring role as Han Solo in the epic space opera film Star Wars (1977), a part he reprised in four sequels over
9880-412: The film business and told Demy to hire a more experienced actor. The part eventually went to Gary Lockwood . Ford later commented that the experience had been nevertheless a positive one because Demy was the first to show such faith in him. Not happy with the roles offered to him, Ford became a self-taught professional carpenter to support his then-wife and two young sons. Clients at this time included
10010-491: The first decade after flooding. This elevates the global warming impact of the dams to levels much higher than would occur by generating the same power from fossil fuels . According to the World Commission on Dams report (Dams And Development), when the reservoir is relatively large and no prior clearing of forest in the flooded area was undertaken, greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir could be higher than those of
10140-529: The first student voice broadcast on his high school's new radio station, WMTH , and he was its first sportscaster during his senior year. He attended Ripon College in Ripon, Wisconsin , where he was a philosophy major and a member of the Sigma Nu fraternity. A self-described "late bloomer", Ford took a drama class in the final quarter of his senior year to get over his shyness and became fascinated with acting. Ford
10270-413: The flow in highly managed systems, taking in water during high flows and releasing it again during low flows. In order for this to work without pumping requires careful control of water levels using spillways . When a major storm approaches, the dam operators calculate the volume of water that the storm will add to the reservoir. If forecast storm water will overfill the reservoir, water is slowly let out of
10400-403: The ghost of a drowned woman. The episode of the series Lost Tapes , "Oklahoma Octopus" was filmed here. The car chase scenes of NSYNC 's music video " Bye Bye Bye " were filmed along Piru Canyon Road leading to the lake. Reservoir A reservoir ( / ˈ r ɛ z ər v w ɑːr / ; from French réservoir [ʁezɛʁvwaʁ] ) is an enlarged lake behind
10530-580: The hydroelectric reservoirs there do emit greenhouse gases, it is on a much smaller scale than thermal power plants of similar capacity. Hydropower typically emits 35 to 70 times less greenhouse gases per TWh of electricity than thermal power plants. A decrease in air pollution occurs when a dam is used in place of thermal power generation, since electricity produced from hydroelectric generation does not give rise to any flue gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion (including sulfur dioxide , nitric oxide and carbon monoxide from coal ). Dams can produce
10660-509: The lake had been closed to the public for over a month before the ban was imposed. Prior to this, it was the only lake in the county that permitted swimming. The lake is situated downstream from Pyramid Lake and can be accessed from Piru Canyon Road near the town of Piru, California . The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) has developed a safe eating advisory for Lake Piru based on levels of mercury or PCBs found in fish caught from this water body. In 2020,
10790-525: The lake, and in 2020, actress Naya Rivera died by drowning . Several other people have drowned in the lake as well. Due to these incidents, swimming at the lake is permanently banned. The elevation of the reservoir is 1,043 ft (318 m), and the elevation of the dam spillway is 1,055 ft (322 m). The dam is owned and operated by the United Water Conservation District based in nearby Santa Paula, California . The district
10920-432: The landscape is relatively flat. Other service reservoirs can be storage pools, water tanks or sometimes entirely underground cisterns , especially in more hilly or mountainous country. Modern reserviors will often use geomembrane liners on their base to limit seepage and/or as floating covers to limit evaporation, particularly in arid climates. In the United Kingdom, Thames Water has many underground reservoirs built in
11050-433: The late 1990s, Ford started appearing in several critically derided and commercially disappointing films that failed to match his earlier successes, including Six Days, Seven Nights (1998), Random Hearts (1999), K-19: The Widowmaker (2002), Hollywood Homicide (2003), Firewall (2006) and Extraordinary Measures (2010). One exception was What Lies Beneath (2000), which grossed over $ 155 million in
11180-546: The literary character created by Tom Clancy : Patriot Games (1992) and Clear and Present Danger (1994), both co-starring Anne Archer and James Earl Jones . Ford took over the role from Alec Baldwin , who had played Ryan in The Hunt for Red October (1990). This led to long-lasting resentment from Baldwin, who said that he had wanted to reprise the role but Ford had negotiated with Paramount behind his back. Ford played leading roles in other action-based thrillers throughout
11310-567: The loose gravel before flipping onto its side. Neither Ford nor the instructor pilot suffered any injuries, though the helicopter was seriously damaged. On March 5, 2015, Ford's plane, believed to be a Ryan PT-22 Recruit , made an emergency landing on the Penmar Golf Course in Venice, California after it lost engine power. He was taken to Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center , where he was reported to be in fair to moderate condition. Ford suffered
11440-470: The modern use of rolled clay. The water stored in such reservoirs may stay there for several months, during which time normal biological processes may substantially reduce many contaminants and reduce turbidity . The use of bank-side reservoirs also allows water abstraction to be stopped for some time, for instance when the river is unacceptably polluted or when flow conditions are very low due to drought . The London water supply system exhibits one example of
11570-454: The next four decades. Ford is also known for his portrayal of the titular character in the popular media franchise Indiana Jones , beginning with the action-adventure film Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981). He played the character in four additional sequels over the next four decades and also starred as Rick Deckard in the science fiction film Blade Runner (1982) and its sequel Blade Runner 2049 (2017), and portrayed Jack Ryan in
11700-415: The operating rules may be complex. Most modern reservoirs have a specially designed draw-off tower that can discharge water from the reservoir at different levels, both to access water as the water level falls, and to allow water of a specific quality to be discharged into the downstream river as "compensation water": the operators of many upland or in-river reservoirs have obligations to release water into
11830-705: The position for another two years. He has flown over 280 children as part of the Young Eagles program, usually in his DHC-2 Beaver, which can seat the actor and five children. Ford stepped down as program chairman in 2009 and was replaced by Captain Chesley Sullenberger and First Officer Jeff Skiles . He is involved with the EAA chapter in Driggs, Idaho , just over the Teton Range from Jackson, Wyoming. On July 28, 2016, Ford flew
11960-477: The pre-flooded landscape, noting that forest lands, wetlands, and preexisting water features all released differing amounts of carbon dioxide and methane both pre- and post-flooding. The Tucuruí Dam in Brazil (completed in 1984) had only 0.4 times the impact on global warming than would generating the same power from fossil fuels. A two-year study of carbon dioxide and methane releases in Canada concluded that while
12090-437: The quality of the water and the ecology of the surrounding area. Many reservoirs now support and encourage less formal and less structured recreation such as natural history , bird watching , landscape painting , walking and hiking , and often provide information boards and interpretation material to encourage responsible use. Water falling as rain upstream of the reservoir, together with any groundwater emerging as springs,
12220-627: The reservoir prior to, and during, the storm. If done with sufficient lead time, the major storm will not fill the reservoir and areas downstream will not experience damaging flows. Accurate weather forecasts are essential so that dam operators can correctly plan drawdowns prior to a high rainfall event. Dam operators blamed a faulty weather forecast on the 2010–2011 Queensland floods . Examples of highly managed reservoirs are Burrendong Dam in Australia and Bala Lake ( Llyn Tegid ) in North Wales . Bala Lake
12350-427: The romantic male lead opposite Melanie Griffith and Sigourney Weaver in the comedy-drama Working Girl (1988). Witness and The Mosquito Coast allowed Ford to explore his potential as a dramatic actor, and both performances were widely acclaimed. Ford later recalled that working with director Peter Weir on Witness and The Mosquito Coast were two of the best experiences of his career. In late 1991, Ford
12480-562: The second-highest rank of Life Scout. He worked at Napowan Adventure Base Scout Camp as a counselor for the Reptile Study merit badge. Because of this, he and director Steven Spielberg later decided to depict the young Indiana Jones as a Life Scout in Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989). Ford graduated in 1960 from Maine East High School in Park Ridge, Illinois . His voice was
12610-535: The sound of its Pratt & Whitney R-985 radial engine. According to Ford, it had been flown in the CIA's Air America operations and was riddled with bullet holes that had to be patched up. In March 2004, Ford officially became chairman of the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA)'s Young Eagles program, founded by then-EAA president Tom Poberezny and fellow actor-pilot Cliff Robertson . Ford
12740-853: The spy thriller films Patriot Games (1992) and Clear and Present Danger (1994). Ford's on-screen career spans seven decades. He received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role as a detective who envelops himself in the Amish community in the thriller Witness (1985). His other films include The Mosquito Coast (1986), Working Girl (1988), Presumed Innocent (1990), The Fugitive (1993), Sabrina (1995), The Devil's Own (1997), Air Force One (1997), Six Days, Seven Nights (1998), What Lies Beneath (2000), K-19: The Widowmaker (2002), Morning Glory (2010), Cowboys & Aliens (2011), 42 (2013), and The Age of Adaline (2015). Ford has since starred in
12870-573: The surrounding forested catchments, or off-stream reservoirs , which receive diverted water from a nearby stream or aqueduct or pipeline water from other on-stream reservoirs. Dams are typically located at a narrow part of a downstream of a natural basin. The valley sides act as natural walls, with the dam located at the narrowest practical point to provide strength and the lowest cost of construction. In many reservoir construction projects, people have to be moved and re-housed, historical artifacts moved or rare environments relocated. Examples include
13000-574: The temples of Abu Simbel (which were moved before the construction of the Aswan Dam to create Lake Nasser from the Nile in Egypt ), the relocation of the village of Capel Celyn during the construction of Llyn Celyn , and the relocation of Borgo San Pietro of Petrella Salto during the construction of Lake Salto . Construction of a dammed reservoir will usually require the river to be diverted during part of
13130-514: The two millionth Young Eagle at the EAA AirVenture convention, making it the most successful aviation-youth introduction program in history. As of 2009, Ford appears in Internet advertisements for General Aviation Serves America, a campaign by the advocacy group Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA). He has also appeared in several independent aviation documentaries, including Wings Over
13260-493: The use of bank-side storage: here water is taken from the River Thames and River Lee into several large Thames-side reservoirs, such as Queen Mary Reservoir that can be seen along the approach to London Heathrow Airport . Service reservoirs store fully treated potable water close to the point of distribution. Many service reservoirs are constructed as water towers , often as elevated structures on concrete pillars where
13390-603: The video game Uncharted 3: Drake's Deception for the PlayStation 3 . 2013 began a trend that saw Ford accepting more diverse supporting roles. That year, he co-starred in the corporate espionage thriller Paranoia with Liam Hemsworth and Gary Oldman , whom he had previously worked with in Air Force One , and also appeared in Ender's Game , 42 and Anchorman 2: The Legend Continues . His performance as Branch Rickey in
13520-412: The water, which tends to partition some elements such as manganese and phosphorus into deep, cold anoxic water during the summer months. In the autumn and winter the lake becomes fully mixed again. During drought conditions, it is sometimes necessary to draw down the cold bottom water, and the elevated levels of manganese in particular can cause problems in water treatment plants. In 2005, about 25% of
13650-542: The western Journey to Shiloh (1968) and had an uncredited, non-speaking role in Michelangelo Antonioni 's 1970 film Zabriskie Point as an arrested student protester. In 1968, he also worked as a camera operator for one of the Doors ' tours. French filmmaker Jacques Demy chose Ford for the lead role of his first American film, Model Shop (1969), but the head of Columbia Pictures thought Ford had "no future" in
13780-518: The western shore, has about 60 acres (24 ha) with various recreational facilities for camping, boating, fishing, and picnicking. The 238 campsites have water and electric hookup along with a snack bar. There are 66 boat slips with a full-service marina. While swimming had been a popular recreational activity, it was formally prohibited in August 2020 following the death of actress Naya Rivera in July that year;
13910-476: The world's 33,105 large dams (over 15 metres in height) were used for hydroelectricity. The U.S. produces 3% of its electricity from 80,000 dams of all sizes. An initiative is underway to retrofit more dams as a good use of existing infrastructure to provide many smaller communities with a reliable source of energy. A reservoir generating hydroelectricity includes turbines connected to the retained water body by large-diameter pipes. These generating sets may be at
14040-554: The writers Joan Didion and John Gregory Dunne , who lived on the beach at Malibu . Ford appears in the documentary Joan Didion: The Center Will Not Hold . He and his wife became friends of the writers. Casting director and fledgling producer Fred Roos championed the young Ford and secured him an audition with George Lucas for the role of Bob Falfa, which Ford went on to play in American Graffiti (1973). Ford's relationship with Lucas profoundly affected his career later. After director Francis Ford Coppola 's film The Godfather
14170-607: Was expelled from college for plagiarism four days before graduation . In 1964, after a season of summer stock with the Belfry Players in Wisconsin, Ford traveled to Los Angeles and eventually signed a contract with Columbia Pictures ' new talent program. His first known role was an uncredited one as a bellhop in Dead Heat on a Merry-Go-Round (1966). There is little record of his non-speaking (or " extra ") roles in film. Ford
14300-501: Was a long slog. I didn't really find it that physically difficult—I thought it was mentally difficult." Ford and Scott also had differing views on the nature of his character, Deckard, that persist decades later. While not initially a success, Blade Runner became a cult classic and one of Ford's most highly regarded films. Ford proved his versatility throughout the 1980s with dramatic parts in films such as Witness (1985), The Mosquito Coast (1986), and Frantic (1988), as well as
14430-556: Was a success, he hired Ford to expand his office and gave him small roles in his next two films, The Conversation (1974) and Apocalypse Now (1979); in the latter film, Ford played an army colonel named "G. Lucas". Ford's work in American Graffiti eventually landed him his first starring film role, when Lucas hired him to read lines for actors auditioning for roles in Lucas's upcoming epic space-opera film Star Wars (1977). Lucas
14560-553: Was asked to take the position by Greg Anderson, Senior Vice President of the EAA at the time, to replace General Chuck Yeager , who was vacating the post that he had held for many years. Ford at first was hesitant, but later accepted the offer and has made appearances with the Young Eagles at the EAA AirVenture Oshkosh gathering at Oshkosh , Wisconsin, for two years. In July 2005, at the gathering in Oshkosh, Ford agreed to accept
14690-470: Was at the bottom of the hiring list, having offended producer Jerry Tokofsky . According to one anecdote, Tokofsky told Ford that when actor Tony Curtis delivered a bag of groceries, he could tell that Curtis was a movie star whereas Ford wasn't; Ford immediately retorted that if Curtis was truly a talented actor, he would've delivered them like a bellhop. Ford was apparently fired soon after. His speaking roles continued next with Luv (1967), though he
14820-530: Was born at the Swedish Covenant Hospital in Chicago, Illinois , on July 13, 1942, to former radio actress Dorothy (née Nidelman) and advertising executive and former actor John William "Christopher" Ford. His younger brother, Terence, was born in 1945. Their father was a Catholic of Irish descent , while their mother was an Ashkenazi Jew whose parents were emigrants from Minsk , Belarus, then in
14950-670: Was cast as Thaddeus "Thunderbolt" Ross in the 2025 superhero films Captain America: Brave New World and Thunderbolts* , set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , replacing William Hurt , who played the character in previous MCU films from 2008 to 2021 before his death. Ford has been married three times and has four biological children and one adopted child. He was first married to Mary Marquardt from 1964 until their divorce in 1979. They had two sons, born in 1966 and 1969. The older son co-owns Ford's Filling Station,
15080-665: Was cast to star alongside Helen Mirren in the Paramount+ western drama series 1923 . The two had previously starred together 36 years earlier in The Mosquito Coast . The series premiered in December 2022 to positive reviews, and it is set to run for a total of two seasons. That same year, it was announced that Ford would star in the Apple TV+ comedy drama series Shrinking . The series premiered in January 2023 to positive reviews, with Ford receiving praise for his performance. In
15210-637: Was confirmed, it was indicated that Ford would not reprise his role in the film after all. When Ford was asked whether Solo could come back in "some form", he replied, "Anything is possible in space." He eventually made an uncredited appearance as a vision in Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019). On February 26, 2015, Alcon Entertainment announced Ford would reprise his role as Rick Deckard in Denis Villeneuve 's science fiction sequel film Blade Runner 2049 . The film, and Ford's performance,
15340-490: Was eventually won over by Ford's performance during these line reads and cast him as Han Solo . Star Wars became one of the most successful and groundbreaking films of all time, and brought Ford, and his co-stars Mark Hamill and Carrie Fisher , widespread recognition. Ford began to be cast in bigger roles in films throughout the late 1970s, including Heroes (1977), Force 10 from Navarone (1978) and Hanover Street (1979). He also co-starred alongside Gene Wilder in
15470-464: Was highly successful, like its predecessors. During filming on June 11, 2014, Ford suffered what was said to be a fractured ankle when a hydraulic door fell on him. He was airlifted to John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford , England, for treatment. Ford's son Ben released details on his father's injury, saying that his ankle would likely need a plate and screws, and that filming could be altered slightly, with
15600-562: Was interested in casting Ford from the beginning, but Lucas was not, having already worked with him in American Graffiti and Star Wars . Lucas relented after Tom Selleck was unable to accept. Ford went on to reprise the role throughout the rest of the decade in the prequel Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984), and the sequel Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989). During the June 1983 filming of Temple of Doom in London, Ford herniated
15730-597: Was named for Ford in 2023. In September 2013, Ford, while filming an environmental documentary in Indonesia , interviewed the Indonesian Forestry Minister, Zulkifli Hasan . After the interview, Ford and his crew were accused of "harassing state institutions" and publicly threatened with deportation . Questions within the interview concerned the Tesso Nilo National Park , Sumatra . It was alleged
15860-469: Was nominated for Best Actor at the 58th Academy Awards for his performance in Witness , a role for which he also received BAFTA and Golden Globe nominations in the same category. Three additional Golden Globe nominations went to Ford in 1987 , 1994 and 1996 for his performances in The Mosquito Coast , The Fugitive and Sabrina . In 2000, he was the recipient of the AFI Life Achievement Award from
15990-412: Was slated to portray company lawyer A. Philip Randolph in an action-historical film entitled Night Ride Down , which would have been set around a labor union strike in the 1930s. Paramount Pictures shelved the project, after Ford quit the film over script changes he disagreed with. In the years that followed, Ford became the second actor to portray Jack Ryan in two films of the film series based on
16120-427: Was still uncredited. He was finally credited as "Harrison J. Ford" in the 1967 Western film A Time for Killing , starring Glenn Ford , George Hamilton and Inger Stevens , but the "J" did not stand for anything since he has no middle name. It was added to avoid confusion with a silent film actor named Harrison Ford , who appeared in more than 80 films between 1915 and 1932 and died in 1957. Ford later said that he
16250-428: Was the most lucrative period of Ford's career. From 1977 to 1997, he appeared in 14 films that reached the top 15 in the yearly domestic box-office rankings, 12 of which reached the top ten. Six of the films he appeared in during this time were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture , among other awards: Star Wars , Apocalypse Now , Raiders of the Lost Ark , Witness , Working Girl , and The Fugitive . In
16380-414: Was the second-highest-grossing film worldwide in 2008. Ford later said he would like to star in another sequel "if it didn't take another 20 years to digest." Other 2008 work included Crossing Over , directed by Wayne Kramer. In the film, Ford plays an ICE/ Homeland Security Investigations Special Agent, working alongside Ashley Judd and Ray Liotta . He also narrated a feature documentary film about
16510-499: Was traveling as a passenger with Clint Eastwood and Sondra Locke aboard a Gulfstream III when the jet developed an engine fire and stuck landing gear during a Paris-to-L.A. flight and was forced to land in Bangor, Maine . The charter company owning the G-3 sent another jet and mechanics to Bangor, and the group flew out on that plane the next day. On October 23, 1999, Ford was involved in
16640-463: Was unaware of the existence of the earlier actor until he came upon a star with his own name on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . Ford soon dropped the "J" and worked for Universal Studios , playing minor roles in many television series throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s, including Gunsmoke , Ironside , The Virginian , The F.B.I. , Love, American Style and Kung Fu . He appeared in
16770-561: Was very well received by critics upon its release in October 2017. Scott Collura of IGN called it a "deep, rich, smart film that's visually awesome and full of great sci-fi concepts" and Ford's role "a quiet, sort of gut-wrenching interpretation to Deckard and what he must've gone through in the past three decades." The film grossed $ 259.3 million worldwide, short of the estimated $ 400 million that it needed to break even . In 2019, Ford had his first voice role in an animated film, as
16900-533: Was well received by critics, some of whom thought it was his best role in years. In July 2011, Ford starred alongside Daniel Craig and Olivia Wilde in the science-fiction/western hybrid film Cowboys & Aliens . To promote the film, he appeared at San Diego Comic-Con and, apparently surprised by the warm welcome, told the audience, "I just wanted to make a living as an actor. I didn't know about this." Also in 2011, Ford starred in Japanese commercials advertising
#414585