Misplaced Pages

#354645

28-597: Lake Mburo National Park is located in Kiruhura District in the Western Region of Uganda, about 30 km (19 mi) east of Mbarara and about 240 km (150 mi) by road west of Kampala . Lake Mburo was originally gazetted in 1933 as a controlled hunting area and upgraded to a game reserve in 1963. The region was settled by Banyankole Bahima pastoralists who traditionally herd Ankole cattle , and still do. The residents continued to graze their cattle in

56-401: A tiltrotator which allows attachments rotate 360 degrees and tilt +/- 45 degrees, in order to increase the flexibility and precision of the excavator. Before the 1990s, all excavators had a long or conventional counterweight that hung off the rear of the machine to provide more digging force and lifting capacity. This became a nuisance when working in confined areas. In 1993 Yanmar launched

84-446: A boom, stick and bucket with three joints between them and the house. The boom attaches to the house and provides the up-and-down movement. It can be one of several different configurations: Attached to the end of the boom is the stick (or dipper arm). The stick provides the digging movement needed to pull the bucket through the ground. The stick length is optional depending whether reach (longer stick) or break-out power (shorter stick)

112-559: A skilled operator to control all four functions simultaneously. The most popular configuration in the US is the SAE controls configuration while in other parts of the world, the ISO control configuration is more common. Some manufacturers such as Takeuchi have switches that allow the operator to select which control configuration to use. Hydraulic excavators now perform tasks well beyond bucket excavation. With

140-531: Is generally smaller, stronger, and has hardened side cutters and teeth used to break through hard ground and rocks. Buckets have numerous shapes and sizes for various applications. There are also many other attachments that are available to be attached to the excavator for boring, ripping, crushing, cutting, lifting, etc. Attachments can be attached with pins similar to other parts of the arm or with some variety of quick coupler . Excavators in Scandinavia often feature

168-646: Is protecting other bush and tree species, which are growing faster and thicker. This afforestation is forcing animals into the surrounding ranches and private land, causing them to be resented as pests . Uganda has tried to organise these areas into controlled hunting areas for sport , but land owners complain the money this generates is being spent on community projects such as schools, health centres and roads rather than addressing individual challenges resulting from problem animals. The procurement of an excavator for habitat management, different wildfire regimes, fencing, translocating excess animals, wildlife ranching for

196-458: Is required. Most common is mono stick but there are also, for example, telescopic sticks. The largest form ever of an excavator, the dragline excavator , eliminated the dipper in favor of a line and winch . On the end of the stick is usually a bucket . A wide, large capacity (mud) bucket with a straight cutting edge is used for cleanup and levelling or where the material to be dug is soft, and teeth are not required. A general purpose (GP) bucket

224-461: Is the site of the district headquarters. Kiruhura District is bordered by Kamwenge District and Kyegegwa District to the north, Sembabule District to the north-east, Lyantonde District to the east, Rakai District to the south-east, Isingiro District to the south, Mbarara District to the south-west and Ibanda District to the north-west. The district headquarters are approximately 65 kilometres (40 mi), by road, northeast of Mbarara ,

252-457: The UK , wheeled excavators are sometimes known as "rubber ducks". Excavators are used in many ways: Modern hydraulic excavators come in a wide variety of sizes. The smaller ones are called mini or compact excavators . For example, Caterpillar's smallest mini-excavator weighs 2,060 pounds (930 kg) and has 13 hp ; their largest model is the largest excavator available (developed and produced by

280-526: The Ugandan Bush War . As the evicted pastoralists were not compensated for lost grazing land or assisted with resettling, many remained hostile to the upgrade. The rangeland outside the park was subsequently subdivided into small ranges and subsistence farming plots. In 1985, the second Obote regime fell and the previous residents of Lake Mburo re-occupied the park's land, expelling park staff, destroying infrastructure, and killing wildlife. Less than half of

308-505: The arms , swing motor, track motors and accessories while the third is a lower pressure (≈700 psi , 48 bar) pump for pilot control of the spool valves ; this third circuit allows for reduced physical effort when operating the controls. Generally, the 3 pumps used in excavators consist of 2 variable displacement piston pumps and a gear pump. The arrangement of the pumps in the excavator unit changes with different manufacturers using different formats. The three main sections of an excavator are

SECTION 10

#1732858056355

336-506: The lion , leopard , hyenas , genets , African civet , jackals and serval , and since 2015 there is a population of Rothschild's giraffe . The protected area was considered a 'lion conservation unit' by the IUCN in 2005, despite lions no longer occurring here. Lions were eliminated by the indigenous people in the 1980s, but there were reports in early 2015 of a single lion roaming the areas of Miriti, Kashara, Warukiri and Rwonyo. Because this

364-427: The undercarriage , the house and the arm. The boom, the front part that is attached to the cab itself and holds the arm, is also used. The undercarriage includes tracks, track frame, and final drives, which have a hydraulic motor and gearing providing the drive to the individual tracks. The undercarriage, especially frequently for a mini-excavator, can also have blade similar to that of a bulldozer. The house includes

392-496: The "house" . The modern excavator's house sits atop an undercarriage with tracks or wheels , being an evolution of the steam shovel (which itself evolved into the power shovel when steam was replaced by diesel and electric power). All excavation-related movement and functions of a hydraulic excavator are accomplished through the use of hydraulic fluid , with hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors , which replaced winches, chains, and steel ropes . Another principle change

420-527: The Orenstein & Koppel, Germany, until the takeover 2011 by Caterpillar, named »RH400«), the CAT 6090, which weighs in excess of 2,160,510 pounds (979,990 kg), has 4500 hp, and a bucket as large as 52.0 m . Hydraulic excavators usually couple engine power to (commonly) three hydraulic pumps rather than to mechanical drivetrains . The two main pumps supply oil at high pressure (up to 5000 psi , 345 bar) for

448-494: The advent of hydraulic-powered attachments such as a breaker , a cutter, a grapple or an auger ,a crusher and screening buckets the excavator is frequently used in many applications other than excavation. Many excavators feature a quick coupler for simplified attachment mounting, increasing the machine's utilization on the jobsite. Excavators are usually employed together with loaders and bulldozers . Most wheeled, compact and some medium-sized (11 to 18-tonne) excavators have

476-492: The animal, as the community was angry and the situation had become dangerous. It is thought to have migrated from Kagera Game Reserve in Tanzania . A problem facing grazers in the park are the changes in habitat occurring over time. Most areas which were formerly grassland in the park have changed into bushveld or forest as the invasive native shrubby tree species Acacia hockii has colonised these areas. The acacia in turn

504-524: The current Uganda President Yoweri Museveni is in Rwakitura, Nyabushozi County, in Kiruhura District. The Rwakitura home functions like an upcountry State House when the president is visiting. The 1991 national census put the district population at about 140,950. In 2002, the national census estimated the population at 212,220, with an estimated annual growth rate of 3 percent. In 2012, the population

532-415: The east of the district. Amos Dairies Uganda Limited , a subsidiary of Amos Dairies Limited, is setting up a milk-processing plant at Akageti in Kiruhura District, with the capacity to process more than 2 million litres of milk annually. Excavator Excavators are heavy construction equipment primarily consisting of a boom , dipper (or stick), bucket , and cab on a rotating platform known as

560-410: The hunting industry, community tourism, licensing more sport hunting companies and increasing quotas may alleviate this; the local community is permitted to uproot acacia for firewood, but this has proved ineffective. Hyenas and bushbuck in particular are considered problem animals. Kiruhura District Kiruhura District is a district in the Western Region of Uganda . The town of Rushere

588-559: The largest town in the Ankole sub-region . The coordinates of the district are:-0.2101960, 30.8390492. The district is part of the larger Ankole sub-region. That sub-region is coterminous with the Ankole Kingdom , which is constitutionally recognized but non-functional as of May 2011. The sub-region was home to an estimated population of 10,577,900 million as of 2020, according to the national census conducted that year. The country home of

SECTION 20

#1732858056355

616-457: The operator cab, counterweight , engine, fuel and hydraulic oil tanks. The house attaches to the undercarriage by way of a center pin. High-pressure oil is supplied to the tracks' hydraulic motors through a hydraulic swivel at the axis of the pin, allowing the machine to slew 360° unhindered and thus provides the left-and-right movement. The arm provides the up-and-down and closer-and-further (or digging movement) movements. Arms typically consist of

644-572: The park's original land area was eventually re-gazetted by the National Resistance Movement government in 1986. Within the park there are still culturally significant locations, such as Rubanga, where sacrifices were once made to the gods; Ruroko is where the semi-mythical Bachwezi lived, and Kigarama was where the servants of the king used to stay. The park hosts zebra , hippopotamus , impala , warthog , common eland , African buffalo and over 300 bird species. Predators may include

672-587: The reserve, a situation decried by western conservationists , who termed them "invaders" in 1981, but were expelled from their lands after it was upgraded to national park status in 1983, as hoped for by some in the West. The Obote government 's upgrade decision was intended, in part, to weaken the Banyankole, who supported anti-Obote rebels. It came at the time of the Operation Bonanza massacre of 300,000 people during

700-455: The world's first Zero Tail Swing excavator, which allows the counterweight to stay inside the width of the tracks as it slews, thus being safer and more user friendly when used in a confined space. This type of machine is now widely used throughout the world. There are two main types of control configuration used in excavators to control the boom and bucket, each distributing the four primary digging functions across two x-y joysticks. This allows

728-417: Was considered problematic by the local residents, a solution offered was to translocate the lion to the zoo. At the same time, park management floated the idea of reintroducing lions to the park. The lion roaming the area eventually attacked and injured three people, causing a large crowd of the enraged community to hound the animal with stones and sticks. The Uganda Wildlife Authority made the decision to kill

756-446: Was estimated at 300,800. Kiruhura District is a farming district. Livestock forms the backbone of economic activity in the district. The animals raised include: Milk and meat are important products of the district. In 2006, it was estimated that the district produced more than 100,000 liters of milk daily. The produce is sold locally and also marketed to Kampala , Uganda's capital and largest city about 240 kilometres (150 mi) to

784-414: Was the direction of the digging action, with modern excavators pulling their buckets toward them like a dragline rather than pushing them away to fill them the way the first powered shovels did. Excavators are also called diggers, scoopers, mechanical shovels, or 360-degree excavators (sometimes abbreviated simply to "360"). Tracked excavators are sometimes called "trackhoes" by analogy to the backhoe . In

#354645