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51-573: Lake Lindsey is located in northeastern Hernando County at 28°38′1″N 82°21′44″W  /  28.63361°N 82.36222°W  / 28.63361; -82.36222 (28.633622, -82.362324), on the northeastern side of the small lake of the same name. It is 6 miles (10 km) north of Brooksville , the county seat . According to the United States Census Bureau , the CDP has a total area of 0.089 square miles (0.23 km), all land. As of

102-599: A cane on the floor of the United States Senate in retaliation for an anti-slavery speech in which Sumner verbally attacked Brooks's first cousin once removed, South Carolina Senator Andrew Butler . Brooks' beating seriously injured Sumner, and he was unable to resume his seat in the Senate for three years, though eventually he recovered and resumed his Senate career. The Massachusetts Legislature reelected Sumner in 1856, "and let his seat sit vacant during his absence as

153-503: A colleague while Sumner was orating that "this damn fool [Sumner] is going to get himself shot by some other damn fool." Sumner's language was intentionally inflammatory; Southerners often claimed that abolition would lead to intermarriage, arguing that abolitionists opposed slavery because they wanted to have sex with and marry black women. Abolitionists reversed the argument by accusing Southerners of supporting slavery so they could make sexual use of slave women. As Hoffer (2010) says, "It

204-469: A female householder with no husband present, and 43.5% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.62. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 2.0% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

255-591: A hireling [i.e., free] state, slave property will decline to half its present value in Missouri ;... [and] abolitionism will become the prevailing sentiment. So with Arkansas; so with upper Texas." On May 20, 1856, Senator Charles Sumner made a speech denouncing "The Crime Against Kansas" and the Southern leaders whom he regarded as complicit, including Brooks's first cousin once removed, Senator Andrew Butler . Sumner compared Butler with Don Quixote for embracing

306-549: A personal friend with his own history of legislative violence. In May 1854, Edmundson had been arrested by the House Sergeant at Arms after attempting to attack Representative Lewis D. Campbell of Ohio during a tense debate on the House floor. Brooks confronted Sumner, who was seated at his desk, writing letters. He said, "Mr. Sumner, I have read your speech twice over carefully. It is a libel on South Carolina, and Mr. Butler, who

357-678: A plantation located in Cambridge, between Edgefield and Ninety-Six . In 1840, Brooks fought a duel with future Texas Senator Louis T. Wigfall and was shot in the hip, forcing him to use a walking cane for the rest of his life. He was admitted to the Bar in 1845. Brooks served in the Mexican–American War as Captain of Company D of the Palmetto Regiment . South Carolina in the Mexican War notes

408-422: A prostitute (slavery) as his mistress, saying Butler "believes himself a chivalrous knight". Of course he has chosen a mistress to whom he has made his vows, and who, though ugly to others, is always lovely to him; though polluted in the sight of the world, is chaste in his sight. I mean the harlot Slavery. Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois , who was also a subject of criticism during the speech, suggested to

459-653: A reminder of Southern brutality". An attempt to oust Brooks from the House of Representatives failed, and he received only token punishment in his criminal trial. He resigned his seat in July 1856 to allow his constituents to express their view on his conduct; they reelected him in the August special election to fill the vacancy created by his resignation. He was reelected to a full term in November 1856, but died in January 1857, five weeks before

510-461: A total area of 10.9 square miles (28.3 km ), of which 10.8 square miles (28.1 km ) are land and 0.12 square miles (0.3 km ), or 0.90%, are water. The exact coordinates of Brooksville is located at 28°33′13″N 82°23′19″W  /  28.55361°N 82.38861°W  / 28.55361; -82.38861 . Brooksville is known for its rolling topography with elevations ranging from 100 ft to 180 ft. The highest elevation in

561-532: A tree; Brown was 27 years old. In 2000, the Jerome Brown Community Center was opened in Brooksville in memory of Brown. A minor controversy arose in the summer of 2010 when local media and residents brought attention to the origin of the town's name, calling it "shameful". The suggestion was made that the town should change its name in order to distance itself from its pro-slavery history. The idea

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612-580: A well-known marksman, eagerly accepted, choosing rifles as the weapons and the Navy Yards in the border town of Niagara Falls, Canada, as the location to circumvent the U.S. ban on dueling. Brooks, reportedly dismayed by both Burlingame's enthusiastic acceptance and reputation as a crack shot, backed out by citing unspecified risks to his safety if he was to cross "hostile country" (the Northern states) to reach Canada. Brooks claimed that he "meant no disrespect to

663-411: Is a relative of mine." As Sumner began to stand up, Brooks hit Sumner over the head several times with his cane, made of thick gutta-percha with a gold head. Sumner was trapped under the heavy desk (which was bolted to the floor), but Brooks continued to strike Sumner until Sumner wrenched the desk from the floor in an attempt to escape. By this time, Sumner was blinded by his own blood. He staggered up

714-400: Is a residential-commercial community. There are several medical facilities in the area including Bayfront Health Brooksville, Oak Hill Community Hospital, and Bayfront Health Spring Hill. A campus of Pasco–Hernando State College is a mile north of the city limits. The business section includes eleven shopping centers, and Brooksville–Tampa Bay Regional Airport is 6 miles (10 km) south of

765-588: Is also a Native American outpost in a log cabin, the Brooksville Railroad Depot Museum , and The Hernando Heritage Museum , located in the May-Stringer House. The Historic Brooksville Walking/Driving Tour features many historic homes; a guidebook is available at the City of Brooksville website and at the main library on Howell Avenue. The first annual "Get Healthy Brooksville Cycling Classic"

816-461: Is also important to note the sexual imagery that recurred throughout the oration, which was neither accidental nor without precedent. Abolitionists routinely accused slaveholders of maintaining slavery so that they could engage in forcible sexual relations with their slaves." Brooks thought of challenging Sumner to a duel. He consulted with Representative Laurence M. Keitt (also a South Carolina Democrat) on dueling etiquette. Keitt said that dueling

867-463: The census of 2000, there were 49 people, 23 households, and 12 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,206.8 inhabitants per square mile (852.1/km). There were 30 housing units at an average density of 1,351.1 per square mile (521.7/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 100.00% White . There were 23 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.8% were married couples living together, 17.4% had

918-561: The poverty line , including no under eighteens and none of those over 64. Brooksville, Florida Brooksville is a city and the county seat of Hernando County , Florida , in the United States. At the 2010 census it had a population of 7,719, up from 7,264 at the 2000 census. Brooksville is home to historic buildings and residences, including the homes of former Florida governor William Sherman Jennings and football player Jerome Brown . Brooksville, established in 1856 by

969-617: The 1920s, Brooksville was a major citrus production area and was known as the "Home of the Tangerine ". In 1948, Brooksville instituted a zoning law segregating neighborhoods. Schools remained segregated until the late 1960s. An example of racism in the city was the creation of the "Lewis Plantation and Turpentine Still", which claimed to show life in African-American rural communities, but contained black residents dressing and acting in stereotypes to entertain white tourists. Brooksville

1020-545: The Capitol to attend memorial services. After his body was transported back to Edgefield, another large crowd took part in funeral ceremonies before he was buried. The city of Brooksville, Florida (created from the merger of the towns of Melendez and Pierceville), and Brooks County, Georgia , are named after Brooks, as was present-day Big Bend, West Virginia which was previously known as Brooksville, Virginia . All were named shortly after his caning of Sumner. Preston Brooks

1071-449: The Capitol, because he had hit himself above his right eye with one of his backswings. Sumner suffered head trauma that would cause him chronic pain and symptoms consistent with what would now be called traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder, and spent three years convalescing before returning to his Senate seat. He suffered chronic pain and debilitation for the rest of his life. The national reaction to Brooks' attack

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1122-501: The Senate must be lashed into submission." The University of Virginia's Jefferson Literary and Debating Society sent a new gold-headed cane to replace Brooks' broken one. Southern lawmakers made rings out of the original cane's remains, which they wore on neck chains to show their solidarity with Brooks. In contrast, Northerners, even those previously opposed to Sumner's extreme abolitionist invective, were universally shocked by Brooks' violence. Anti-slavery men cited it as evidence that

1173-478: The Senate of the United States" by attacking Sumner, and also that he had not intended to kill Sumner, or else he would have used a different weapon. Brooks was tried in a District of Columbia court for the attack. He was convicted of assault and was fined $ 300, though he was not incarcerated. A motion to expel Brooks from the House failed, but he resigned on July 15 to allow his constituents to ratify or condemn his conduct. They approved, returning him to office in

1224-707: The South had lost interest in national debate, and now relied on violence to express themselves. J. L. Magee's political cartoon famously expressed the general Northern sentiment that the South's vaunted chivalry had degenerated into "Argument versus Clubs". American Party Congressman Anson Burlingame publicly humiliated Brooks in retaliation by goading Brooks into challenging him to a duel, accepting, and then watching Brooks back out. After Burlingame made provocative remarks, Brooks challenged Burlingame, stating he would gladly face him in any "Yankee mudsill " of his choosing. Burlingame,

1275-499: The aisle and collapsed unconscious. Senator John J. Crittenden , Representative Ambrose Murray (R-NY), and others attempted to restrain Brooks before he killed Sumner but were blocked by Keitt, who brandished a pistol and shouted at the onlookers to leave Brooks and Sumner alone. Brooks continued beating Sumner until the cane broke, then quietly left the chamber with Keitt and Edmundson. Brooks required medical attention before leaving

1326-448: The area is Chinsegut Hill , at 269 ft, over five and a half miles north of the city. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 8,890 people, 3,997 households, and 2,092 families residing in the city. As of the 2010 United States census , there were 7,719 people, 3,606 households, and 1,867 families residing in the city. As of the census of 2000 , there are 7,264 people, 3,220 households, and 1,832 families residing in

1377-525: The city was $ 25,489, and the median income for a family was $ 31,060. Males had a median income of $ 29,837 versus $ 21,804 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 16,265. About 16.8% of families and 21.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 27.9% of those under age 18 and 11.5% of those age 65 or over. The city hosted an annual Blueberry Festival in downtown Brooksville until 2017. The Festival then moved to Plant City . The city has historic homes along brick streets. There

1428-415: The city. The population density was 1,469.5 inhabitants per square mile (567.4/km ). There were 3,920 occupied housing units at an average density of 793.0 units per square mile (306.2 units/km ). The racial makeup of the city is 74.93% White , 21.31% African American , 0.36% Native American , 1.23% Asian , 0.00% Pacific Islander , 1.09% from other races , and 1.09% from two or more races. 3.07% of

1479-531: The city. There are three city parks with walking trails, sports, and picnicking facilities, including a nine-hole golf course . Jerome Brown , defensive tackle for the Philadelphia Eagles was a graduate of Brooksville's Hernando High School. In 1988, he received praise as he helped disperse a group of Ku Klux Klan protesters in Brooksville. Brown, and his 12-year-old nephew Gus, died on June 25, 1992, after Brown lost control of his car and crashed into

1530-444: The late 19th and early 20th centuries revealed it had one of the highest per capita rates of violence against blacks in the United States. In Brooksville, the county seat, several African-Americans were killed in the 1870s and 1920s. Arthur St. Clair , a community leader, was murdered in 1877 after he presided over an interracial marriage . After the murder, the investigation was stymied by local actions to prevent bringing to justice

1581-479: The merger of the towns of Melendez and Pierceville, took its name to honor Preston Brooks , a pro-slavery congressman from South Carolina, who caned and seriously injured Charles Sumner , an abolitionist and United States senator from Massachusetts. Fort DeSoto, established in 1840 to give protection to settlers from Native Americans , was located at the northeastern edge of present-day Brooksville on Croom Road about one-half mile east of U.S. Highway 41 . The fort

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1632-571: The new term began in March. As described by historian Stephen Puleo, "The caning had an enormous impact on the events that followed over the next four years.   ... As a result of the caning, the country was pushed, inexorably and unstoppably, to civil war." Brooks was born in Edgefield County, South Carolina , on August 5, 1819, the son of Whitfield Brooks and Mary Parsons Carroll Brooks. Of English descent, his great-great-grandfather John Brooks

1683-442: The population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. In 2000, there were 3,220 households out of which 23.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.9% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.1% were non-families. 38.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 21.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

1734-717: The service of both Brooks and 4th Corporal Carey Wentworth Styles (who later founded The Atlanta Constitution ) in Co. D, the "Old 96 Boys" of the Edgefield District. Brooks' first wife was Caroline Harper Means (1820–1843). They had one child, Whitfield D. Brooks, who was born in 1843 and died that same year. Brooks was widowed upon Caroline's death. His second wife was Martha Caroline Means (1826–1901), his first wife's cousin. They had three children, Caroline Harper Brooks (1849–1924), Rosa Brooks (1849–1933), and Preston Smith Brooks (1854–1928). Martha outlived her husband. Brooks

1785-515: The social structure of the South. During Brooks' service as representative, there was great controversy over slavery in the Kansas Territory and whether Kansas would be admitted as a free or slavery state. He supported actions by pro-slavery men from Missouri to make Kansas a slave territory. In March 1856, Brooks wrote: "The fate of the South is to be decided with the Kansas issue. If Kansas becomes

1836-570: The special election held on August 1 and then electing him to a new term in November 1856. Brooks died unexpectedly from a violent attack of croup on January 27, 1857, a few weeks before the March 4 start of the new congressional term to which he had been elected. He was buried in Edgefield, South Carolina . The official telegram announcing his death stated "He died a horrid death, and suffered intensely. He endeavored to tear his own throat open to get breath." Despite terrible weather, thousands went to

1887-534: The white men accused in his killing. Around 1885, there was a brief uprising by blacks, three of whom were killed and many others wounded by whites. The 1920s saw a resurgence of Ku Klux Klan activity and lynchings; as a result, many black residents left the area. During the Great Depression , Brooksville suffered from a lack of currency. The school board paid teachers with chits , and Weeks Hardware "accepted chickens and sides of bacon " as payment. In

1938-400: Was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.82. In 2000, in the city, 22.1% of people were under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 21.7% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 29.7% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.4 males. In 2000, the median income for a household in

1989-401: Was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.4 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $ 25,192, and the median income for a family was $ 18,750. Males had a median income of $ 0 versus $ 8,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $ 10,314. There were no families and 15.9% of the population living below

2040-470: Was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives in 1844. Brooks was elected to the 33rd United States Congress in 1853 as a Democrat. Like his fellow South Carolina Representatives and Senators, Brooks took an extreme pro-slavery position, asserting that the enslavement of Black people by whites was right and proper, that any attack or restriction on slavery was an attack on the rights and

2091-631: Was also a trading post and a regular stop on the Concord stagecoach line which ran from Palatka to Tampa . The fort was built on top of a heavy bed of limestone , which was unknown of at the time. This made it difficult to obtain water, causing the location to be abandoned. On September 12, 1842, Seminole Indians attacked the McDaniel party which was riding near the settlement known as "Chocochatti" or "Chocachatti", south of Brooksville, killing Mrs. Charlotte Crum ( née Winn/Wynn; 1792–1842). Brooksville

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2142-569: Was an American slaveowner, politician, and member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina , serving from 1853 until his resignation in July 1856 and again from August 1856 until his death. A member of the Democratic Party , Brooks was a strong advocate of slavery and states' rights to enforce slavery nationally. He is most remembered for his May 22, 1856, attack upon abolitionist and Republican Senator Charles Sumner , whom he beat nearly to death; Brooks beat Sumner with

2193-489: Was chosen to honor Preston Brooks , a congressman who had caned abolitionist Senator Charles Sumner nearly to death in 1856 on the floor of the Senate after Sumner gave an anti-slavery speech and disparaged Brooks' uncle, Senator Andrew Butler. The Pierceville post office was renamed Brooksville in 1871. The city of Brooksville was incorporated on October 13, 1880. A study of lynchings recorded in Hernando County in

2244-417: Was for gentlemen of equal social standing. In his view, Sumner was no gentleman, no better than a drunkard due to his supposedly coarse and insulting language toward Butler. Brooks then decided to "punish" Sumner with a public beating. On May 22, two days after Sumner's speech, Brooks entered the Senate chamber in company with Keitt. Also with him was Representative Henry A. Edmundson (Democrat- Virginia ),

2295-487: Was formed. In 1850 a post office was established at Melendez, which in 1855 was listed as the Capital of Benton County, now Hernando County. In 1854 it was replaced by a post office at Pierceville. Both towns were situated in the area that would become Brooksville. In 1856, the town of Brooksville was established by the merger of the towns of Melendez and Pierceville and served as the county seat of Hernando County. The name

2346-514: Was held in 2010 and attracted cyclists from all over the state. The Brooksville Business Alliance has sponsored the annual Brooksville Founders Week Celebration since 2006. There is a monthly live music performance, antique car show, and other events. Brooksville is served by THE Bus 's Purple and Green Routes. There are two hospitals in Brooksville they are TGH Brooksville and HCA Florida Oak Hill Hospital. Preston Brooks Preston Smith Brooks (August 5, 1819 – January 27, 1857)

2397-503: Was opposed by locals and not entertained by the city council. However, the city's official website did remove a page which discussed the Brooks/Sumner encounter and had cast Brooks in a positive light. Brooksville is in east-central Hernando County, 45 miles (72 km) north of Tampa and 51 miles (82 km) southwest of Ocala . The geographic center of Florida is 12 miles (19 km) north-northwest of Brooksville. The city has

2448-729: Was settled in 1845 by four families: the Howell family which settled the northern part of town; the Mays family which settled the eastern part of town; the Hale family on the west; and the Parsons family on the south. In the early 1840s the population shifted about 3 miles (5 km) to the south, where a settlement formed by the Hope and Saxon families became known as Pierceville. About this time, another community about 2 miles (3 km) northwest of Pierceville, named Melendez,

2499-431: Was sharply divided along regional lines. In Congress, members in both houses armed themselves when they ventured onto the floor. At no time, between the incident and his death, did Brooks apologize for the attack. In his speech to the House of Representatives announcing his resignation on June 14, 1856, Brooks insisted that he had behaved honorably and condemned any efforts to censure or punish him for his behavior. Brooks

2550-634: Was the first in the Brooks family present in the Americas, settling in the Province of North Carolina from England around the early 18th-century. He attended South Carolina College (now known as the University of South Carolina ) but was expelled just before graduation for threatening local police officers with firearms. After leaving college, he studied law, attained admission to the bar , and practiced in Edgefield . In addition to practicing law, Brooks owned

2601-409: Was widely cheered across the South, where his attack on Sumner was considered legitimate and socially justifiable. South Carolinians sent Brooks dozens of new canes, with one bearing the phrase, "Good job"; another cane was inscribed "Hit him again." The Richmond Enquirer wrote: "We consider the act good in conception, better in execution, and best of all in consequences. These vulgar abolitionists in

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