41-587: (Redirected from Lake Champlain Bridge ) Champlain Bridge may refer to: Champlain Bridge (Montreal, 1962–2019) , a bridge in Montreal, Quebec, Canada Champlain Bridge (Montreal, 2019–present) , a replacement bridge in Montreal, Quebec, Canada Champlain Bridge (Ottawa) , a bridge in Canada connecting Ottawa, Ontario and Gatineau, Quebec Lake Champlain Bridge (1929–2009) ,
82-501: A Canadian Crown Corporation which reports to Housing, Infrastructure and Communities Canada . Since December 21, 1978, JCCBI was responsible for the management, maintenance and monitoring of the Champlain Bridge. The bridge saw about 50 million crossings per year, of which 200,000 were buses. On an average weekday, 66% of users were commuters. It was one of the busiest bridges in Canada until its closure in 2019. Towards
123-474: A transit mall which is a pedestrianized roadway also served by transit. The first bus lane is often erroneously attributed to Chicago , where in 1939 Sheridan Road was installed with reversible lanes north of Foster Avenue. The setup consisted of three-lanes towards the peak direction (south in the morning; north in the evening), and one contraflow lane . None of the lanes exclusively carried buses, but were designed to facilitate bus operations. In 1948,
164-427: A 2014–2017 Edge girder reinforcement program, 94 modular trusses and six shoring systems were installed to stabilize the condition of the bridge girders. Montreal's climate subjected the Champlain Bridge to wintry cold, snowfall, and windy conditions, as well as contrasting hot and humid summer conditions, all of which accelerated damage to the bridge. Because of the potential danger from ice accumulation during winter,
205-409: A bridge connecting Vermont and New York, US Lake Champlain Bridge (2011–present) , a replacement bridge between Vermont and New York, US See also [ edit ] Champlain (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about roads and streets with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
246-420: A diamond-shaped pavement marking to indicate an exclusive bus lane. The road surface may have a distinctive color, usually red, which has been shown to reduce prohibited vehicles from entering bus lanes. Road signs may communicate when a bus lane is in effect. Bus lanes may also be physically separated from other traffic using bollards, curbs, or other raised elements. In some cities, such as The Hague in
287-500: A number of urban arterials with bus and transit lanes, noncompliance rates were approaching 90%. Following enhanced enforcement of the lanes, noncompliance rates dropped and overall efficiency of the bus and transit lanes improved with an up to 12% increase in total passenger throughput in the lane. Average bus journey times dropped, in some cases, by up to 19%. Some cities, including San Francisco and New York, employ automated camera enforcement, using either stationary cameras adjacent to
328-440: A roadway completely dedicated for use by buses, whilst bus gate describes a short bus lane often used as a short cut for public transport. Bus lanes are a key component of a high-quality bus rapid transit (BRT) network, improving bus travel speeds and reliability by reducing delay caused by other traffic. A dedicated bus lane may occupy only part of a roadway which also has lanes serving general automotive traffic; in contrast to
369-424: A street, such as on the sides of a street near the curb, or down the center. They may be long, continuous networks, or short segments used to allow buses to bypass bottlenecks or reduce route complexity, such as in a contraflow bus lane. Bus lanes may be demarcated in several ways. Descriptive text such as "BUS LANE" may be marked prominently on the road surface, particularly at the beginning and end. Some cities use
410-667: The East Side Trolley Tunnel in Providence, Rhode Island was converted to bus-only use and became the first dedicated busway in the United States, continuing to operate to this day. In 1956 Nashville became the first city to implement on-street bus lanes. Later that year, Chicago implemented a bus lane in the center of Washington Street, a five lane one-way street downtown. The first bus lanes in Europe were established in 1963 in
451-510: The German city of Hamburg , when the tram system was closed and the former dedicated tram tracks were converted for bus travel. Other large German cities soon followed, and the implementation of bus lanes was officially sanctioned in the German highway code in 1970. Many experts from other countries ( Japan among the first) studied the German example and implemented similar solutions. On 15 January 1964
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#1732845447689492-480: The Executive Summary, the bridge was said to be "functionally deficient" for both current and long-term traffic demands, and showing "significant deterioration". One finding suggested that the Champlain Bridge was in "very much poorer condition than would be typical" for comparable bridges. Delcan concluded that the bridge had "many deficiencies" and, even in light of the methodical inspection and rehabilitation of
533-463: The Government of Canada announced $ 158 million were to be spent on a major repair and maintenance program as concerns mounted that it was at risk of collapse. Montreal's La Presse newspaper cited two leaked engineering reports prepared for a federal bridge agency that suggested sections of the structure were in a severe state of deterioration. The report concluded that a partial or complete collapse of
574-656: The Lead Designer. Construction on the new bridge officially began on June 16, 2015. On December 19, 2018, Minister of Infrastructure and Communities François-Philippe Champagne announced that the official name of the new bridge would be the Samuel-de-Champlain Bridge. The bridge opened to northbound/westbound traffic on June 24, 2019 ( St-Jean-Baptiste Day ), with the official opening ceremony being held on June 28, 2019, and southbound/eastbound traffic opening on 1 July 2019 ( Canada Day ). The multi-purpose runway
615-643: The Netherlands mixed bus/cycle lanes are uncommon. According to the Sustainable Safety guidelines they would violate the principle of homogeneity and put road users of very different masses and speed behaviour into the same lane, which is generally discouraged. Some locations have allowed access to bus lanes to electric cars and/or hybrid cars . Oslo removed one such exception in 2017 following protests due to congestion in bus lanes. The large number of electric vehicles on Norwegian roads slowed buses, defeating
656-485: The Netherlands, buses are allowed to use reserved tram tracks , usually laid in the middle of the road and marked with the text "Lijnbus". In the United Kingdom bus gates are common in towns and cities. A bus gate consists of a short section of road that only buses and authorised vehicles (typically taxis) can pass through. They are normally marked with the same street signage as bus lanes, but have "BUS GATE" marked on
697-708: The United States is the Lincoln Tunnel XBL (exclusive bus lane) along the Lincoln Tunnel Approach and Helix in Hudson County, New Jersey , which carries approximately 700 buses per hour during morning peak times an average of one bus every 5.1 seconds. In contrast, the Cross-Harbour Tunnel in Hong Kong carries 14,500 buses per day, or an average of about 605 an hour all day (not just peak times), but
738-399: The advanced deterioration of the bridge, it was constantly monitored by 300 sensors. Several reinforcement measures and rehabilitation programs were deployed over time by JCCBI. However, none of these were effective in the long term. In 2009, the Government of Canada announced in its 2009 Economic Action Plan that it would be allocating $ 212 million to renew the bridge. In March 2011,
779-452: The amount of traffic that carried residents from the growing South Shore suburbs into Montreal. The project was initially called the Nuns' Island Bridge because it crosses Nuns' Island . In 1958, it was named the Champlain Bridge in honour of the explorer Samuel de Champlain . The National Harbours Board was placed in charge of the project. Through several lengthy meetings and consultations in
820-457: The bridge was salted every season for decades. Salt attacks both the concrete and steel rebar used in girders, pylons, and other parts. The problems associated with the design and maintenance of the Champlain Bridge thus exceeded the useful life of several structural components. The design and construction of the structure prevented the isolation of outdated elements and their replacement with new ones, as could be done on other structures. Given
861-628: The bus lane, or cameras on the front of buses to automatically issue citations to vehicles obstructing the bus lane. Bus lanes give priority to buses, cutting down on journey times where roads are congested with other traffic and increasing the reliability of buses. The introduction of bus lanes can significantly assist in the reduction of air pollution . Bus lanes marked with colored pavement have been shown to reduce intrusions into bus lanes, speeding travel time and increasing bus reliability. Some network lengths of bus lanes in major cities, listed by buses per km of bus lane): The busiest bus lane in
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#1732845447689902-572: The end of its life, the Champlain Bridge was well known to be in an advanced state of decay. Long-discussed plans to construct a new Bridge finally came to fruition when construction commenced in 2015. Upon the opening of the new span in 2019, the original Champlain Bridge was closed and promptly demolished, concluding 57 years of service. The Champlain Bridge project was undertaken in 1955 and construction proceeded between 1957 and 1962. The bridge carried six lanes of vehicle traffic; three in each direction. During rush hour one lane of those heading off
943-511: The fall of 1955, the location for the bridge and its approaches were selected. Originally, the plan had been to build the bridge with only 4 lanes, with room for further expansion to 6 lanes. During the design phase, however, it was decided to go with an initial 6-lane design. It was opened on June 28, 1962 at 4 p.m. with only one approach from Montreal, via Wellington Street . A section including approaches to and from Atwater Street and La Vérendrye Boulevard were opened two years later. In 1967,
984-658: The final approach to the bridge on the Montréal side was completed when the Bonaventure Expressway was opened to traffic. A $ 0.25 toll ($ 0.08 if paid with tokens) was charged to finance the $ 35 million cost of the Champlain Bridge. The toll was collected until 1990, when the Jacques Cartier and Champlain Bridges Incorporated (JCCBI), which took over jurisdiction of the bridge a dozen years earlier, removed
1025-712: The first bus lane in France was designated along the quai du Louvre in Paris and the first contraflow lane was established on the old pont de l’Alma on 15 June 1966. On 26 February 1968 the first bus lane in London was put into service on Vauxhall Bridge . The first contraflow bus lane in the UK was introduced in King's Road, Reading as a temporary measure when the road was made one-way (eastwards to Cemetery Junction) on 16 June 1968. The initial reason
1066-503: The island in the morning, and onto the island in the evening, was used as a reserved bus lane for buses to be able to head in the opposite direction. The bridge was opened to traffic in stages as the approaches were completed between June 1962 and September 1964. It was subsequently connected to the Bonaventure Expressway, which was part of the north approach to the bridge. The expressway was opened to traffic on April 21, 1967. It
1107-463: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Champlain_Bridge&oldid=1116102139 " Category : Road disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Champlain Bridge (Montreal, 1962%E2%80%932019) The Champlain Bridge ( French : Pont Champlain )
1148-582: The main direction of travel, such as towards a downtown during morning rush hour traffic, with the buses using general purpose lanes in the other direction. Entire streets can be designated as bus lanes (such as Oxford Street in London, Princes Street in Edinburgh, or Fulton Street in Downtown Brooklyn ), allowing buses, taxis and delivery vehicles only, or a contra-flow bus lane can allow buses to travel in
1189-442: The opposite direction to other vehicles. Some locations allow bicyclists or taxis to use bus lanes, however where bus or bicycle volumes are high, mixed traffic operations may result in uncomfortable conditions or delays. Certain other vehicles may also be permitted in bus lanes, such as taxis , high occupancy vehicles , motorcycles , or bicycles . Police , ambulance services and fire brigades can also use these lanes. In
1230-621: The purpose of bus lanes. Bus lanes can become ineffective if weak enforcement allows use by unauthorized vehicles or illegal parking . Center-running bus lanes avoid the problem of private vehicles blocking the lane by double parking for loading of passengers or cargo. Evidence from the operation of urban arterials in Brisbane shows that a properly enforced bus lane, operating as designed without interference, can increase passenger throughput. In 2009 and 2010 traffic surveys showed that in Brisbane on
1271-470: The road surface. Bus gates are normally used as "short cuts" for public transport at junctions , roundabouts or through one-way systems . Bus lanes may have separate sets of dedicated traffic signals , to allow transit signal priority at intersections. Peak-only bus lanes are enforced only at certain times of the day, usually during rush hour , reverting to a general purpose or parking lane at other times. Peak-only bus lanes may be in effect only in
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1312-532: The span could not be ruled out. Starting in 2009, JCCBI — the Federal agency that managed the structure — began conducting a major repair program to extend the useful life of the Champlain Bridge. In 2010, JCCBI retained international engineering firm Delcan to carry out an expert study of the bridge's structural health. The firm returned a report entitled "The Future of the Champlain Bridge Crossing". In
1353-423: The structure undertaken by its owners, that continued operation "entails some risks that cannot altogether be quantified". In September 2007, faced with rising costs for the maintenance of the Champlain Bridge, then Canadian Minister of Transport Lawrence Cannon confirmed that his department was seriously considering the construction of a replacement structure. In August 2008, Transport Canada announced that it
1394-485: The superstructure. One lane was closed immediately, and emergency repair plans were put in place. During preparation, the crack enlarged and a second lane was closed. On November 29, 2013, a temporary external beam of 75 tons, named "super-beam" by the media, was urgently installed to reinforce the structure. In June 2014, JCCBI replaced the super-beam with a modular truss that was designed and manufactured in Quebec. As part of
1435-401: The toll plaza. In 1992, the concrete deck of the cantilever metal part was replaced by an orthotropic steel deck. Gutters to channel the corrosive runoff to the river appeared in 1994. The pressure exerted by the reinforced beams on the ends of the trimmers then required the reinforcement of the latter by steel rods under tension. In November 2013, a crack was discovered in a critical part of
1476-604: Was a steel truss cantilever bridge with approach viaducts constructed of prestressed concrete beams supporting a prestressed concrete deck paved with asphalt. Opened in 1962, the bridge crossed the Saint Lawrence River , connecting the Island of Montreal to its South Shore suburbs. Together with the Jacques Cartier Bridge , it was administered by the Jacques Cartier and Champlain Bridges Incorporated (JCCBI),
1517-510: Was expanded to 14 miles (23 km) by 1980. By 1972 there were over 140 kilometres (87 mi) of with-flow bus lanes in 100 cities within OECD member countries, and the network grew substantially in the following decades. The El Monte Busway between El Monte and Downtown Los Angeles was the first dedicated busway in the US, constructed in 1974. Bus lanes may be located in different locations on
1558-678: Was exploring different scenarios for a new bridge. In October 2011, then Minister of Transport Denis Lebel officially announced that construction on the new bridge would begin within 10 years. In April 2015, the federal government selected the JV consortium: Signature on the St. Lawrence Group to build the new bridge. The consortium mainly included SNC-Lavalin , the Spanish ACS Infrastructure , and Dragados Canada. T.Y. Lin International served as
1599-600: Was one of North America's busiest highways with almost 59 million crossings annually. Just upstream from the bridge there is an ice boom, the Champlain Bridge Ice Control Structure. On August 17, 1955, Federal Transport Minister George Marler announced the planned construction of a new bridge connecting Montreal to the South Shore via Nun's Island. The city's existing bridges ( Victoria , Cartier , and Mercier ) had become inadequate to support
1640-590: Was opened in November 2019 followed by the REM train tracks on July 31, 2023. As soon as the new bridge was opened to traffic, the old bridge was closed and demolition work began immediately. [REDACTED] Media related to Champlain bridge at Wikimedia Commons Bus lane A bus lane or bus-only lane is a lane restricted to buses , generally to speed up public transport that would be otherwise held up by traffic congestion . The related term busway describes
1681-401: Was to save the expense of rerouting the trolleybus , which was due to be scrapped on 3 November of that year. However the experiment proved so successful that it was made permanent for use by motor buses. In October 1971 Runcorn opened the world's first bus rapid transitway . Upon opening, the 7-mile (11 km) busway featured specialized stations, signal priority , grade separation , and