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41-703: It is one of five provincial parks located in the Temagami area. Lady Evelyn-Smoothwater Provincial Park encompasses Smoothwater Lake , Makobe Lake , the Ishpatina Ridge (highest point in Ontario), Maple Mountain (highest vertical rise in Ontario), and most of the Lady Evelyn River . The park also includes many waterfalls , such as Helen Falls , the highest waterfall on the Lady Evelyn River. Lady Evelyn Lake

82-449: A sailing canoe from Lake George, New York to Pensacola, Florida . The adventure memoir Canoeing with the Cree relates Eric Sevareid 's youthful journey with a companion from Minnesota to Hudson Bay in 1930. In Canada, Bill Mason , who was an author, artist, filmmaker, and environmentalist, published several books and produced a number of films in the 1970s that greatly advanced

123-715: A Long-Distance Paddler by Alec Ross, Canoeing a Continent: On the Trail of Alexander MacKenzie by Max Finkelstein and Where Rivers Run by Joanie and Gary McGuffin . Sigurd Olson , conservationist and north woods writer, traveled and camped by canoe extensively. These included long trips as he wrote about in his book The Lonely Land and well as frequent shorter trips covered in many of his books. Eric W. Morse , author, historian and notable wilderness canoe tripper traveled with Sigurd Olson. He authored books on their wilderness trips and on historical fur trade canoe routes in Canada. In

164-671: A canoe's inherent quietness) lets the canoeist observe aquatic and near-shore plants and wildlife from a perspective that walking on solid ground does not allow. Many people engage in fishing while canoe camping. The versatility of canoe tripping allows canoeists to go places and see things that they otherwise could not. Many canoeists use specialized canoe packs designed for both easy portaging and loading into canoes. Waterproof dry bags are frequently used to keep important items dry in case of inclement weather or capsizing . Native Americans of many different tribes who used canoes for transportation, needed to "canoe camp" regularly. Before

205-456: A distance of 14,290 kilometres (8,880 mi) from New Orleans , Louisiana, to Nome, Alaska, via the Mississippi, Prescott, Minnesota, Grand Portage, Lake Superior, and Canada. This was the longest recorded canoe trip in history until 1980. The record was broken by Don Starkell and his sons Dana and Jeff, who paddled in an open canoe from Winnipeg in central Canada to Belém at the mouth of

246-586: A location to shoot feature films and TV episodes. Films include the 1941 Captains of the Clouds filmed on Jumping Cariboo Lake (starring James Cagney , Brenda Marshall and Dennis Morgan),1930 docudrama The Silent Enemy and from 2006 That Beautiful Somewhere . TV includes Survivorman episodes (Plane Crash, and Temagami Hunting Deep Woods) and Mantracker episodes (Ryder and Brendyn, and Ben and Darrell). Canoe camping Canoe camping , also known as touring , tripping or expedition canoeing ,

287-701: A series of roadblocks by the TAA and by the Temagami Wilderness Society in 1988–1989. The Temagami First Nation's former chief Gary Potts was the leader of the TAA blockades. In 1991 the TAA and the Ontario government created the Wendaban Stewardship Authority to decide what to do with the four townships near the logging road. On January 1, 1998, the Township of Temagami was greatly enlarged through

328-408: Is a combination of canoeing and camping . Canoe campers typically carry enough supplies with them to travel and camp for several days via a canoe . A canoeist can transport significantly heavier and bulkier loads than a backpacker or even a kayaker can. portaging by foot is sometimes necessary to pass between water bodies or around hazardous obstacles such as rapids or waterfalls , but most of

369-580: Is a municipality in northeastern Ontario , Canada , in the Nipissing District with Lake Temagami at its heart. The Temagami region is known as n'Daki Menan , the homeland of the area's First Nations community, most of whom are Anishinaabe (Ojibwe), living on Bear Island . The official name for this group is the Temagami First Nation . However, a larger group that includes these people, plus non-status residents and some non-residents

410-631: Is called the Teme-Augama Anishnabai . Some of the main tourist attractions within the community include old-growth red and white pine , Lake Temagami , Caribou Mountain , fishing , showings of Grey Owl from the 1930s, and over 4,000 km (2,500 mi) of canoe routes. It is also known as the staging point for cottage vacationing and wilderness canoeing trips on Lake Temagami, in Lady Evelyn-Smoothwater Provincial Park , and vast tracts of wilderness in

451-513: Is excellent for canoeing and hiking . There are numerous viewpoints in the municipality, including High Rock and Caribou Mountain , which contains a 100 ft (30 m) fire tower on its summit. Lakes located within the Municipality of Temagami include: Localities located within Temagami's municipal boundaries are: Note: Only the eastern halves of Scholes and Clement townships are within

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492-721: Is just outside the park to the east. Lady Evelyn-Smoothwater lies within the Eastern forest-boreal transition ecoregion . It offers protection to some of the last remaining stands of old growth forest in Ontario, and is home to the endangered Aurora trout . As a wilderness park, few services are offered to visitors but it is ideal for backcountry canoeing (including whitewater canoeing ), hiking, fishing, nature exploration, and wildlife viewing. Facilities include 77 backcountry campsites and 1 car-accessible campground. The park hosts fire towers on top of Ishpatina Ridge and Maple Mountain, accessible by hiking trails. The canoe routes through

533-709: Is provided on local hiking trails and canoe routes. The inspiration and wonder of the area were brought to millions around the world in 1907 when Grey Owl arrived in Temagami. He was employed by Keewaydin Canoe Camp as a guide, and later by the Ontario Department of Lands and Forests as a ranger . His subsequent books and extensive lecturing in Britain and the United States brought tremendous attention to northeastern Ontario and wildlife conservation . In 1968, Temagami

574-637: The " Source to Sea expedition " of 2005, two students from North Carolina State University paddled 2,150 miles (3,460 km) down the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers to support the Audubon Society 's Upper Mississippi River Campaign. The book New York to Nome by Rick Steber details the story of Sheldon Taylor and Geoffrey Pope who paddled from New York City April 25, 1936, to Nome, Alaska , August 11, 1937. And from January 10, 1975 until November 12, 1977, Jerry Robert Pushcar canoed and portaged solo

615-550: The Baltic; and (1869) The Rob Roy on the Jordan, Nile, Red sea. Inspired by MacGregor, and using a version of his "Rob Roy" canoe Robert Louis Stevenson undertook, in 1876, a canoe journey through the waterways of France and Belgium and wrote this up in his An Inland Voyage . Also in 1883, American Canoe Association Secretary Charles Neide and retired sea captain "Barnacle" Kendall paddled and sailed over 3,000 miles (4,800 km) in

656-564: The Temagami area occurred in the year 2000. Minerals in the Temagami area include aragonite , brochantite , calcite , Chalcopyrite , jasper , magnetite , molybdenite , pentlandite , pyrite , pyrrhotite , serpentine , and talc . A bright white palladium mercury telluride mineral was discovered on Temagami Island in 1973 called temagamite , named after its discovery locality in Copperfields Mine , originally known as Temagami Mine. Temagami provides rugged topography , which

697-675: The Temagami area. The Attorney General of Ontario pursued legal action against the Band for this caution. The TAA lost this court case in 1984 and the Band proceeded with an appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada . The Band lost this appeal and eventually the caution was lifted. In 1988, the Ontario Minister of Natural Resources , Vince Kerrio approved the expansion of the Red Squirrel Road , directly through Anishnabe territory. This prompted

738-584: The area. The Temagami area also contains some pillow lava about 2 billion years old, indicating that great submarine volcanoes existed during the early stages of the formation of the Earth's crust . There are a number of northwest trending faults in the Temagami East claim block area and are associated with the Saint Lawrence rift system and remains seismically active . The most recently felt earthquake in

779-556: The area. There are several outfitters here that cater to outdoor activity. The community is home to the Finlayson Point Provincial Park , which itself offers access to Lake Temagami. An excellent view of the entire Temagami area is offered by the Temagami Fire Tower on Caribou Mountain , a renovated 100 ft (30 m)-tall fire lookout tower that visitors can climb free of charge. The Temagami Fire Tower

820-421: The canoe. Trips may need to have extra days built into the schedule in case of weather delays. Although some experienced canoeists feel comfortable paddling straight through large bodies of water, most typically stay within a few hundred meters of shore . Since a fully loaded touring canoe only draws about 14 centimetres (5.5 in), it can approach a rocky shore as close as arm's-length. This proximity (and

861-638: The central Adirondacks in a 9-foot-long (2.7 m), 10 + 1 ⁄ 2 -pound (4.8 kg) solo canoe named the Sairy Gamp . He was 64 years old and in frail health at the time. John MacGregor during the 1860s built and sailed and paddled his "Rob Roy" canoes through Europe, and the Middle East documenting these in a series of books including;; (1886) A Thousand Miles in the Rob Roy Canoe; (1867) The Voyage Alone In The Yawl 'Rob Roy'; (1867) The Rob Roy on

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902-422: The construction of modern means of transportation and transportation routes, the most effective way to travel through the vast expanses of northern wilderness was to navigate the countless small waterways by canoe. Their canoe was perfect for this purpose, as it was relatively easy to carry, fast, able to traverse a wide variety of different water ways (small streams to huge lakes), and able to carry large loads. It

943-490: The east. The land was divided into familial hunting and trapping territories. Since the main east–west fur trade route bypassed Temagami to the south, settlement of this area by Europeans did not come until 1834. That year the Hudson's Bay Company built a store on Temagami Island , which later relocated to Bear Island . The town itself was founded by Dan O'Connor , who in 1903 formed the O'Connor Steamboat and Hotel Company on

984-458: The lake and established its first store on the future townsite. By 1906, he had built three hotels on Lake Temagami: Hotel Ronnoco, Temagami Inn, and Lady Evelyn Hotel and by 1910 the company operated ten steamships on the lake including the Belle of Temagami . Discoveries of gold , copper , nickel , and particularly silver in 1903, brought mining to nearby Cobalt and accelerated development of

1025-619: The largest single exposure of Precambrian rocks in the world which were formed after the Earth's crust cooled. Temagami land has striking similarities to the Sudbury Structure , which is one of the richest mining camps in the world. The hills in the Temagami area are remnants of the oldest mountain ranges in North America that date back during the Precambrian era. These enormous mountains were taller than any that exist today. The uplifting

1066-410: The late 19th century by sporting and boating enthusiasts, it was not until later in the 20th century that, with the advent of camping consumer goods, it gained mass appeal. An early proponent and popularizer of canoe camping was George W. Sears , a sportswriter for Forest and Stream magazine in the 1880s, whose book Woodcraft (1884), told the story of his 1883, 266-mile (428 km) journey through

1107-649: The merger with 17 unincorporated townships and became the Municipality of Temagami with town status . In the summer of 1905, the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway (now the Ontario Northland Railway) was completed from North Bay to New Liskeard and allowed direct access to the area and the Clay Belt around Lake Timiskaming , opening up the region to settlement and development. The original Temagami station , which opened in 1907, burnt down in 1909 and

1148-481: The middle of the 20th century. As the " wilderness " of the Americas was tamed by the construction of the railroad and later roads, the canoe as a means of primary transportation lost its practicality. It turned into a recreational sport , a way for Americans and others to experience the pre-European America, and have a glimpse of a formerly never-ending wilderness. While recreational canoe camping has been enjoyed since

1189-443: The municipality of Temagami. Camps include: In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Temagami had a population of 862 living in 432 of its 928 total private dwellings, a change of 7.5% from its 2016 population of 802 . With a land area of 1,878.12 km (725.15 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.5/km (1.2/sq mi) in 2021. Temagami and surrounding areas have been used as

1230-428: The north, Sturgeon River Provincial Park to the southwest, Solace Provincial Park to the south, and Obabika River Provincial Park to the south and east. Furthermore, Smith Lake (to the west), North Yorston (to the south), and Jim Edwards Lake (to the south) Conservation Reserves are adjacent to Lady Evelyn-Smoothwater, while another 5 conservation reserves are within a few kilometres from the park. Lady Evelyn River

1271-508: The park are part of Temagami's 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi) long network of portages and waterways. Many of these portages are traditional indigenous routes called "nastawgan", which link this park with adjacent parks, conservation reserves, and Crown land. The park is at the heart of a network of provincial parks and conservation reserves in the Temagami area. It borders on the Makobe-Grays River Provincial Park to

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1312-515: The popularity of canoe camping. Calvin Rutstrum was a wilderness canoeist and author, whom Bill Mason said "totally influenced me" and "he became my hero". Like Mason and Sevareid, a number of modern-day canoeists have retraced the historic routes of the fur-traders and voyageurs and published books about their experiences. Noteworthy examples from Canada include Coke Stop in Emo: Adventures of

1353-888: The region was home to the last Old-growth forests in Ontario. Logging of the vast pine stands only began in the 1920s. Now just a few patches of old growth remain, including the White Bear Forest (12.42 km  [4.80 sq mi]) and the world's largest stand of old-growth red and white pine forest - the Obabika Old-Growth Forest or Wakimika Triangle Forest part of the Obabika River Waterway Provincial Park (25 km  [9.7 sq mi]). This has led to confrontation in recent years between loggers and environmentalists when new logging access roads are built or major logging operations are proposed. Access to many old-growth areas

1394-511: The region. Several mines opened in Temagami, including Big Dan Mine , Little Dan Mine , Barton Mine , Hermiston-McCauley Mine , Temagami-Lorrain Mine , Priest Mine , Beanland Mine , Sherman Mine , Kanichee Mine , Northland Pyrite Mine and Copperfields Mine , which once mined the richest copper ore in Canada. The Forest Reserves Act of 1898 established the 15,000 km (5,800 sq mi) Temagami Forest Reserve. Because of this reserve,

1435-590: The time canoe campers travel on water. Because they usually don't continuously carry their gear on their backs, canoe campers can bring more food and gear and undertake longer trips. This is especially the case with food which, unlike gear where the weight is essentially fixed regardless of the trip duration, increases in weight for each additional day of provision. On rivers, high water levels after storms can make river travel hazardous, while on lakes, winds and thunderstorms can produce strong winds which create large waves and headwinds which work against paddlers to slow

1476-603: Was accomplished as enormous pressure caused the earth to buckle in a process called folding . Other processes, such as volcanic activity and geologic faulting in which the earth cracks open also contributed to the formation of these mountains. Over millions of years, these enormous mountains were gradually eroded to the land we know today in Temagami. The rocks that form Temagami to this day are igneous , metamorphic and sedimentary rock . The Temagami area has good potential to host diamondiferous kimberlites and more diamond bearing kimberlites may continue to be discovered in

1517-418: Was established as a park in 1973. In 1983, the park was expanded to its present area of 72,000 hectares. The region has been home to the Teme-Augama Anishnabai for thousands of years; within the park, Maple Mountain ( Chee-bay-jing ) is traditional sacred site. Throughout the park are remnants of logging activities from the early and mid-1900s. Temagami Temagami , formerly spelled Timagami ,

1558-518: Was for all these reasons that the early French explorers of North America , such as Louis Jolliet , quickly adopted the use of the Native American canoe. With them came Jesuit missionaries , coureurs des bois , and voyageurs . Once trading posts were established in the interior, the canoe continued to be the primary transportation method, supplying such posts with regular canoe brigades . In northern Quebec , this practice continued until

1599-453: Was incorporated, first as an Improvement District, and 10 years later as a Township , consisting of the geographic townships of Strathy and Strathcona , together with parts of Briggs , Chambers , Best , Cassels, and Yates townships. In 1973, The Teme-Augama Anishnabai (TAA) exercised a land caution against development on the Crown land of 10,000 km (3,900 sq mi), most of

1640-404: Was last used in the 1970s to spot fires. The original fire tower built here was 45 ft (14 m) high and made of square timber. The Municipality of Temagami also includes the communities of Lake Temagami, Marten River , and Temagami North . Anishnabai legends describe them migrating from the east coast of North America after a warning from prophets concerning the arrival of a danger from

1681-530: Was rebuilt. Temagami station was a stop on the Northlander railway service before it was cancelled in 2012. Temagami is served by Ontario Northland 's intercity motor coach service along its North Bay – Hearst route, which also serves many communities along the former Northlander route. There is currently no local bus service in Temagami. The Temagami land is part of the Canadian Shield , one of

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