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25-598: The initial project for an office tower and metro station was designed by the Central University of Venezuela 's Andres Bello Foundation Fund for Development to serve as the Corporate Tower of the Caracas Metro. In 2003, a plot of land was awarded for the project near Plaza Venezuela , near the geographical center of Caracas where many offices and other important locations are found. In July 2005, construction began on

50-580: Is a public university located in Caracas , Venezuela . Founded in 1721, it is the oldest university in Venezuela and one of the oldest in the Western Hemisphere . The main university campus, Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas , was designed by architect Carlos Raúl Villanueva and it is considered a masterpiece of urban planning and was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000. The origin of

75-463: Is located where the underground parking for the Metro Caracas was to be located. The cells are two by three meters that have a cement bed, white walls, security cameras, no windows and barred doors, with each cell aligned next to one another so there are no interactions between prisoners. Such conditions have caused prisoners to become very ill, though they are denied medical treatment. Bright lights in

100-542: The Generation of 1928 , organized events during the "Students Week" protesting the dictatorship which culminated in an attempt to overthrow Gómez on 7 April of that year. This group, which shared a common front against Gómez, was conformed by people like Rómulo Betancourt , Miguel Otero Silva , Juan Oropeza , Isaac Pardo and Rodolfo Quintero. Most of them were jailed after the events or went into exile without being able to finish their studies. The university continued to be at

125-682: The 17th century, which were built by the Duke of Lerma . The village is home to the headquarters of the Spanish wine denominación de origen protegida Arlanza DOP . The town of Lerma dates back to at least as far as the Iron Age, when the Celtiberian tribe of the vacceos lived in the area. The town was formed in a strategic position on a hill overlooking the Arlanza River . The area was then conquered in turn by

150-667: The Graduate School. The Graduate School, founded in 1941, offers 222 different specializations, 109 Master's degrees and 40 PhDs. The Ranking Iberoamericano de Instituciones de Investigacion based on the Institute for Scientific Information ranked the Central University of Venezuela as the most productive research institution in the country and as the 20th most productive in Latin America. Other top 25 positions were reached in

175-657: The Hacienda Ibarra and the responsibility of the main design was given to the architect Carlos Raúl Villanueva after a visit to the University City of Bogotá convinced the authorities of the Ministry of Public Works that, in order to avoid constructing a group of heterogeneous buildings, the design should be under one architect. The new campus was going to become a vast urban complex of about 200 hectares and included 40 buildings. Villanueva worked with 28 avant-garde artists of

200-794: The Romans, the Visigoths, and the Berbers, and in the 10th century was conquered by the Christians during the Reconquista when the Arlanza River became the border. From then Lerma grew as a medieval walled town, and witnessed a period of significant growth and wealth in the 17th century. This growth included the construction of buildings in Herrerian style under the patronage of the Duke of Lerma that today are among

225-663: The School and Seminary of Saint Rose of Lima in 1696. Yet, in spite of the creation of the seminar, students who wished to obtain a university degree had to travel great distances to attend universities located in Santo Domingo , Bogotá or Mexico City . Given such harsh circumstances, the Rector of the Seminary, Francisco Martínez de Porras and the people of Caracas requested the royal court in Madrid

250-610: The Seminary of Saint Bonaventura located in Mérida became the Universidad de Los Andes , the Universidad Real y Pontificia de Caracas was the only university existing in the country. Until the end of the 18th century, the official papal and royal censorship on books was largely ignored in Venezuela, a situation which allowed the smuggling of the works by Rousseau , Voltaire , Diderot , Montesquieu , Locke , Helvetius , Grotius in

275-673: The cells are kept on so prisoners lose their sense of time, with the only sounds heard being from the nearby Caracas Metro trains. Those who visit the prisoners are subjected to strip searches by multiple SEBIN personnel. Reports of torture in La Tumba, specifically white torture , are also common, with some prisoners attempting to commit suicide. Such conditions according to NGO Justice and Process are to force prisoners to plead guilty to crimes they are accused of. Central University of Venezuela The Central University of Venezuela ( Spanish : Universidad Central de Venezuela ; UCV )

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300-611: The creation of a university in Venezuela (then part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada ). As a result, on 22 December 1721 Philip V of Spain signed in Lerma a Royal Decree that transformed the School-Seminary into the Universidad Real y Pontificia de Caracas . The Royal Decree was concurred by Pope Innocent XIII with a Papal bull in 1722. The university offered degrees in philosophy , Theology, Canon law and Medicine . Until 1810, when

325-590: The following areas: The 2010 University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP) , ranked the UCV as the best university in Venezuela and 805th university in the world. The 2016 QS World University Rankings placed the UCV as 18th overall in their Latin American Universities Ranking. Lerma (Burgos) Lerma is a village in the province of Burgos , part of the autonomous community of Castile and León , Spain. It has important monuments dating from

350-479: The forefront of the democratization of the country when in 1936, then President Eleazar López Contreras , ordered a decree suspending the Constitutional rights and declaring a general censorship of the press because the oil workers decided to start a strike (an unprecedented deed at the time). The rector of the university, Francisco Antonio Rísquez, led the protest that followed through the streets of Caracas against

375-442: The policies of López Contreras. By 1942, the student population had been growing steadily for decades without any significant expansion of the university. Instead several schools, like Medicine, were moved to other buildings around the city. The administration of President Isaías Medina Angarita felt the need to move the university to a larger and more modern location where it could function as coherent whole. The government bought

400-412: The project with more than $ 18 million invested into construction. Plans for the tower included a height of 16 stories as well as having five basement levels. The levels were to include an exit for Zona Rental station where it was the meeting point of major arteries of the Caracas Metro; Lines L1, L3 and L4. The basement levels also had space for approximately 100 parking spaces. The projected finish date

425-479: The purpose of educating free minds when he could hire foreigners to exercise any technical requirements for the nation, decided to close the university from 1912 to 1922. When it reopened, the Rector Felipe Guevara Rojas had reorganized the traditional division of only a few schools, separating them into departments. 1928 became a very important year for the university when a group of students, known as

450-630: The ships belonging to the Guipuzcoana Company . The Royal constitution was displaced by the Republican Statutes proclaimed by Simón Bolívar on 24 June 1827. The new statutes gave the institution a secular character and transferred the main authority to the Rector . In December 1908, dictator Juan Vicente Gómez came into power with a coup d'état against the government of Cipriano Castro . Gómez stayed in power until his death in 1935 and during this time, having ambivalent feelings about

475-567: The time, from Venezuela and the rest of the world, to build what continues to be one of the most successful applications of Modern Architecture in Latin America. Villanueva's guiding principle was the creation of a space where art and architecture cohabited in harmony in a "Synthesis of Arts". Among some of the most important pieces present in the university are the 1953 Floating Clouds by Alexander Calder , murals by Victor Vasarely , Wifredo Lam , Fernand Léger and sculptures by Jean Arp and Henri Laurens . The Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas

500-574: The university goes back to Friar Antonio González de Acuña (1620–1682), a Spanish Bishop born in present day Peru who studied theology at the Universidad de San Marcos and founded in 1673 the Seminary Saint Rose of Lima in Caracas named after the first Catholic Saint born in the Americas . In the following years, Friar Diego de Baños y Sotomayor broadened the scope of the seminary by creating

525-463: The university. Those scientists and humanists helped develop lines of research and teaching at the university and educated many of the present generation of faculty members. The university is organized into 11 schools ( Facultades ) which are subdivided into 40 departments (Escuelas). All schools offer undergraduate degrees at the level of Licenciatura (5 years) and graduate degrees at the level of master's degree (2 years) and PhD (3–4 years) from

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550-449: Was declared World Heritage by UNESCO , and it is the only modern university campus designed by a single architect to receive such high honor. In 1958, after the fall of dictator Marcos Pérez Jiménez , a government commission established a new law for the universities. The new law came into place on 5 December, guaranteeing that faculty and students could work in an environment of freedom and tolerance. This very important legal foundation

575-492: Was forced to resign. The university reopened in 1971 with a new Rector and a new plan for renovation. In terms of the academic development of the modern university, the second half of the 20th century was a time when the Central University's faculty body benefited greatly from the influx of European immigrants. Many intellectuals settled in Venezuela after the end of the Spanish Civil War and World War II and found jobs at

600-431: Was however abused during the 1960s when guerrilla rebels, supported by Fidel Castro took refuge inside the university campus to escape prosecution from the government. This tense situation came to a stalemate in 1969 when students asking for a reform took over the university. On 3 October 1970, the administration of President Rafael Caldera ordered the university to be raided by the military and Rector Jesús María Bianco

625-493: Was in 2008, though the use of the tower by the Caracas Metro was never realized. The Bolivarian Intelligence Service (SEBIN) eventually made the tower its headquarters following restructuring of the agency in 2013. The detention facility was then dubbed "La Tumba" by Venezuelan government officials since many political prisoners were held there by the government following the Venezuelan protests . The underground detention facility

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